Marx＇s Concept of Alienation： With a Brief Assessment

Since the collapse of Euro-Communism in 1989, the ideas of Marx have largely been discarded as little more than historical relics. There is a good reason for the neglect. The governments that Marxism spawns are among the most brutal in history. Equally condemnable for a philosopher who bases his theory on a science of historical development, most of Marx＇s key predictions turn out to be incorrect. What then is left of Marx＇s principles？ This paper argues that Marx is best understood as a critic of the injustice of industrial societies. Marx＇s essential critical concept is alienation. The paper presents the first complete analysis of Marx＇s treatment of alienation and offers a brief assessment of how this concept applies to our time.

A Review of the "Alienation" Theme in Bernard Malamud's Works

In Bernard Malamud's works,the theme of alienation occurs repeatedly.This article tries to make a review of the "alienation" theme in Malamud's four novels,Dubin's Lives,A New Life,The Tenants,and The Fixer.

Marx’s Alienated Labor Theory

“Alienated labor”came from Marx’s Manuscript of Philosophy and Economics in 1844.This theory was formed on the basis of Marx’s critical inheritance of predecessors’thoughts on alienation and the reality under the capitalist system.It is of great significance to understand the final formation of Marx’s historical materialism.

Trojan Terrorism:Revenge Colonists or Condition of Evolution？ （To the Problem ＂Your/Alien＂）

Thinking about the problem of terrorism, the author finds its origins in the myth of the Trojan War, treating it as a battle for space, which was the primary basis for the civilizational leap--the expansion of the Greek world to the east, which led to the flourishing of Greek culture, creating a precedent of justified colonialism, provided strategy and tactics-the causal apology of violence-all subsequent wars, colonial campaigns, which was no exception for the migratory flows of the XX century, as a result of which the word ＂terrorism＂ sounded with by force of the song of B. Brecht. The theme of ＂space＂-chucked away, lost, taken away, destroyed, compressed, anarchic, empty, boundless, virtual-remains vital in our time, when the limitless possibilities lead to the limitation of man himself, his emptiness, and ＂complete shortuess＂ （Platonov）, when the treaty as the basis of human existence is rejected, and when you become the Other yourself. The metaphysics of ＂violence＂ is buried in anthropology-in ignorance of one＇s limits by man, in denying the boundaries of ＂another＇s,＂ in unwillingness to ask a question mad find the answer, in laziness and, in fact, in the loss of oneself.

The Formation of Marx’s Critical View

Marx’s spirit of pursuing truth,his hatred of exploitation system and sympathy for laborers prompted him to move from the young Hegelian school to fehbaism and eventually to communism,and completed the transformation from idealism to thorough dialectical materialism in the world view.To do so,he constructed his own theoretical system based on criticism and targeted the social practice,providing ideological weapon for the transformation of unreasonable social forms.Thereby,the unit of"critical weapon"and"weapon of criticism"was accomplished historically and logically,fulfilling the construction of his critical view.

Marx's Agricultural Intensive Management Thought and Its Guiding Significance

Through analyzing Marx's agricultural intensive management thought,this paper points out that the existence and development of agricultural management mode experience historical course and the development of agricultural intensification depends on many objective conditions.On the basis of this,it discusses the guiding significance of Marx's agricultural intensive management thought to China's agricultural development.It is required to fully realize basic current situations of China's agriculture,widely popularize agricultural mechanization and electrification,speed up artificial transformation of soil structure,promote chemical application of agriculture,make rational use of water resource,and spread improved seeds.

Marx's Ground Rent Theory and Innovation of China's Urban Land System

China's traditional urban land system is established in highly centralized planned economy. This system negates functions of value law and economic law fundamentally,so it is not favorable for establishment of market mechanism and development of market economy. This study took Marx's ground rent theory as guidance,combined existing problems of China's land use system,and made analysis on innovation of China's urban land system from property right system,land market and land price.

Marx's Theory of Ground Rent and Nationalization of Land in China

Marx's theory of ground rent is an indispensable part of Marx's economic theory. It is essential to grasp scientific connotation of Marx's theory of ground rent,and actively explore and study theories and policies of socialist ground rent and nationalization of land through combining the certainty of existence of ground rent and actual situations of nationalization of land in China.

一种基于IGBT的Marx发生器的研制

为了解决地球探测仪器等领域所需脉冲电压在几十至几kV之间输出电流相对较小的问题,提出了在中小功率场合采用IGBT代替空气放电球隙,从而改进充放电回路的控制方式。给出了以IGBT作为控制开关的Marx发生器的构成框图,IGBT驱动电路和AT89S52单片机控制电路;分析了以放电球隙作为控制开关的Marx发生器基本回路的动作过程;设计了一种以IGBT为控制开关的3级Marx发生器,并进行了放电等效电路的计算和元件参数的选择。采用单片机内部定时/计数器产生周期性脉冲信号,作为IGBT驱动电路的原始控制信号,最终实现了幅值1200 V,脉宽1-10 ms,脉冲频率为10-240/min可调的脉冲电压。采用示波器分压测试的方法给出了负载电阻输出脉冲电压的实际测试结果。测试结果表明,中小功率场合采用IGBT作为控制开关构建Marx发生器切实可行。

试论马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的STS思想

建设有中国特色的STS学派,需要深入研究马克思主义经典著作中的STS思想。《1844年经济学哲学手稿》是马克思批判资本主义早期工业社会的经典著作,包含着丰富的STS思想。在资本主义社会,科学技术不仅是福同时也是祸;在科学技术与社会的互动中必须包含自然;科学技术的进步是人的本质确证;建立起关于人的科学以实现科技与人文的统一。总体而言,马克思是结合人的全面发展来考察科学技术与社会的互动,这对于中国STS学派建设具有重要的指导意义。

The Value Insistence of the Cultural Production in the Big Data Era

The ultimate value of cultural production should be realizing human's comprehensive and free development,and deconstructing the ultimate value would result in human alienation.In the era of big data,every domain of human's social life,even the mode of thinking,has been transformed significantly.However,when the big data technology entirely penetrates the field of cultural production especially inducts the cultural production depending on the demand forecasting techniques,it would inevitably lead to a worry about value of the cultural production.This paper formulates that the cultural production's essence in the era of big data remains for the purpose of maximizing profit of commercial manipulation based on the modeling analysis of cultural production mechanism in the big data times.If the tendency is not corrected,the two main factors of cultural consumerism prevalence and the instrumental reason dictatorship will gradually deconstruct the ultimate value of cultural production and bring about the alienation of human being.For the sake of avoiding the trend,we should cope with two relationships:one is the people as a means and as a purpose;the other is the instrumental reason and the value rationality,finally giving rise to human's comprehensive and free development rather than human alienation.

Five Dialectics of Xi Jinping's Theory on Ecological Progress

Xi Jinping's theory on ecological progress expands and deepens Marx's views on ecology and spells out the five dialectics between economic development and ecological conservation, the will of the nation and the will of the people, Chinese characteristics and global approaches, cultural concepts and institutional design, as well as the community of life and the community of shared future for mankind. It carries significance for our time and is weighted with theoretical value. At this stage, learning and studying the dialectics and value orientation of Xi Jinping's theory on ecological progress offers scientific guidance and value-based directions for China's efforts to promote an ecological civilization.

Body Narrative in Lady Chatterley’s Lover

Body,in culture study,is not simply a physical being,but a meaningful sign exposed power relations in society.Body even can be used as a narrative method.In Lady Chatterley’s Lover,there are several body images D.H.Lawrence used to narrate the story.Through body narrative,the novel shows the subordinate and alienated humanity,and its struggling revolt in the turning of twentieth century.

An Ecological Interpretation of Consumer Culture in Willa Cather's The Professor's House

The Professor's House presents the readers pictures with striking consumer culture characteristics. With abundant goods of sign values, conspicuous consumption, swelling-desire-stimulating power and the individuals' efforts to construct their identities through consumption as dominant features, consumer culture exerts negative and even devastating effects on the characters in the novel. Theories of ecocriticism shed new lights on the interpretation of consumerism reflected in the novel, especially on analyzing how the consumer culture makes the characters suffer from split personality, alienation from nature, society, and even from themselves and their spiritual ecology.

The use of “Objective Correlative” Theory in T.S. Eliot’s The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock

“Objective Correlative”theory was first proposed by T.S. Eliot, who holds that people’s emotion can find expression in a series of objective correlative. In his poem The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock, the use of objective correlative fully reflects and reveals modern people’s loneliness, futility and alienation.

论人工智能对人的主体性的冲击及化解路径——基于马克思机器论视角的考察

在马克思看来,新机器的发明和应用既具有推动社会生产力发展的积极面,也会引发一些消极后果。人工智能作为数字时代的典型产品,其本质是一种合目的的手段,是人的本质的对象化,它的出现使人制造和使用某种工具的能力在层次上有了一个巨大的飞跃。但是,作为一项新技术,人工智能同样不可避免地面临科林格里奇困境,并凭借其大数据的精确计算实质性地加剧现代社会中人的异化状态,对人的主体性造成冲击。具体表现为,侵犯人的人格尊严,削弱人的自主性和独立性,挤压人在社会中的主体地位以及导致人的交往异化问题。化解人工智能对人的主体性造成的冲击,首先,要坚持人是实践主体原则,为人的主体性复归提供理论遵循;其次,要坚持技术理性和价值理性的统一,使人摆脱人工智能的牵引和钳制;最后,严格遵循科技伦理,明确作为主体的人与作为工具的人工智能之间的边界。

马克思共同体思想视域下中国式现代化的逻辑意蕴研究

在中国共产党的带领下,中国在现代化实践中合理处理人与自然、个人与社会、国家与世界的关系,绘就更高历史位阶的社会主义文明图景与和平共享的世界文明图景,开辟人类现代文明新境界,为创造人类文明新形态贡献中国力量。基于马克思共同体思想,分析中国式现代化化解西方现代化悖论的实践维度和拓展世界现代化道路的理论维度,探索中国式现代化的创新意义。

数字劳动者主体性危机的形成及其化解

在数字技术与数字资本主义生产关系结合下,数字劳动者陷入了主体性危机:一方面,数字资本利用数字技术将个人化的情感表达和认同归属推向了一个高峰,使个人不断走向极其自由、自主与灵活的创造实践;另一方面,数字资本在数字技术的掩护下对劳动者进行隐匿性剥削与算法规训,实现了对数字劳动者的人身控制和奴役。其结果是,数字资本裹挟数字技术成为一种压迫与剥削数字劳动者的力量,并最终导致了数字劳动者主体性危机的发生。在数字资本主义劳资关系重构的背景下,我们必须站在马克思主义立场,从解放数字生产力和推动数字劳动者自由发展的角度出发,通过设置引导数字资本健康发展的“红绿灯”、突出数字技术的工具性本质、唤醒数字劳动者主体意识和推动数字劳动成果共建共享等方面,全面解蔽数字资本逻辑,推动人的本质全面复归。

青年马克思的精神生活异化思想及其当代启示

青年马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中基于劳动异化和需要异化两个重要维度阐述了精神生活异化思想,揭示出资本主义私有制对人的精神生活发展的严重束缚。一方面,劳动异化成为人的精神生活全面发展的桎梏;另一方面,资本主义私有制通过对人的精神需要的剥夺和限制导致人的片面发展。马克思的共产主义从扬弃私有财产出发,旨在扬弃人的自我异化,实现自由自觉的精神生活状态与精神生活解放。青年马克思的精神生活异化思想对于我们基于新时代语境理解、丰富和发展马克思主义理论,反思现代精神生活中的异化问题,推进精神文明建设、逐步迈向精神生活共同富裕提供了重要的理论启示和实践指引。

马克思劳动观视角下劳动教育的哲学阐释

教育与劳动相结合是唯物史观的内在要求,是社会主义教育观的重要内容。在劳动方式和劳动形态日益复杂多样的今天,看似老生常谈的劳动教育事实上也面临着诸多新的问题。从根本上说,新时代劳动教育的核心在于正确人生观价值观的培育、健康人格的养成,而不只是技能的培养,因此,从马克思劳动观视角,阐明新时代劳动教育必须注意的前提性理论问题就显得十分必要。马克思将人类劳动提升为人的类本质特性,为劳动教育提供了本体论根基;劳动作为人的创造性活动,内在地蕴涵了对真善美的追求,为劳动教育提供了知识论依据;劳动的社会历史特性与辩证本质彰显了人类解放和人的全面发展的价值导向,为劳动教育提供了价值观指向。