On the Quadruple Qualities of Marxist Thought on Human Rights

Marxist human rights thought has realized an epochmaking change in human rights thought and has distinguished itself from capitalist human rights thought with its distinctive character.Marxist human rights thought has a humanistic character,starts from human nature and its essence,regards human rights as an important means to realize the all-round development of human beings and the fundamental proof of human liberation.Marxist human rights thought is characterized by being people-centered,and expresses the desire of the masses,with the proletariat as the main body,to realize a better life through the guarantee of human rights.Marxist human rights thought has a practical character,is based on practical materialism,advocates that human rights are derived from the social practice and promotes social practice toward civilization and progress.Marxist human rights thought has the character of rule of law,guides legal governance to the rule of good law,and lays the guarantee fot human rights on the foundation of substantive rule of law.

On Edward Coke＇ s Constitutional Thought and the Value of the Traditional Chinese Legal Thoughts

Coke was undoubtedly a milestone in the history of the legal thoughts in Britain and even in the whole western world.Coke stressed the restriction of royalty and the suprem e status of the common law.In the British Parliament’s struggle against the monarchy in the 17th century,he put forward the creative constitutional ideas about independence of judges and judicial review,advocating the protection of due process and the civil rights,which provided valuable ideological inspiration especially for the development of judicial review and the due process in the U.S.C onstitution.Just as the saying goes,"the old farmland would grow out new grain",looking back on traditional legal thoughts is im portant to the construction of a legal country for the present China.

Creating a New Form of Rule of Law Civilization:A Historical Narrative of the Communist Party of China

The modernization path of the Chinese rule of law reflects the glorious process of the Communist Party of China(CPC)’s continuous exploration of the rule of law development.It has created a new form of rule of law civilization for humanity,one that has not only profoundly changed China but is also deeply influencing the world historical process.Under the leadership of the CPC,the Chinese people have achieved the innovation of legal mechanisms,text,and discourse in their century-long endeavor for the rule of law.This highlights the distinctive features of the Chinese rule of law civilization.The innovation of legal mechanisms is the foundation of the modernization of the Chinese rule of law,indicating that through the Party’s century-long endeavor for the rule of law,a legal leadership mechanism has been formed,in which the Party exercises overall leadership and coordinates the efforts of all sides;the innovation of legal text is the manifestation of modernization of the Chinese rule of law,indicating that through the Party’s century-long endeavor for the rule of law,the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics is gradually moving toward a new stage of codification in which the promulgation and implementation of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China is a milestone;and the innovation of legal discourse is the core of modernization of the Chinese rule of law,indicating that through the Party’s century-long endeavor for the rule of law,the continuous refinement of the Chinese legal discourse system is playing a key role in providing theoretical support and legal reasoning.

Accurately Comprehending the Concept of"Rule of Law in Foreign- Related Affairs" to Promote Coordinated Advancement in the Rule of Law in Chinese Domestic and Foreign-Related Affairs

The n notion of"rule of law in foreign-related affairs"signifies a critical innovation and evolution in the theory and practice of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.It underscores the pivotal role of rule of law in foreign-related affairs in the law-based governance and presents new topics for the theoretical study for rule of law.A precise comprehension of"rule of law in foreign-related affairs"necessitates tracing its origins and elucidating its correlations with both"rule of law in domestic affairs"as well as with"international rule of law."Acknowledging both domestic and international plerugatives,while holistically advancing law-based governance,constitutes the foundational rationale behind"rule of law in foreign-related affairs."In addition,the cognitive transition from a"socialist legal system"to the"socialist rule of law"in foreign-related affairs."In addition,the cognitive transition from a"socialist legal system"to the"socialist rule of law"forms a theoretical foundation for the rule of law in foreign-related affairs.Although national governance and global governance,as well as the rule of law in domestic and foreign-related affairs fall under distinct governance categories and legal systems,they are interconnected,mutually influential,and integrated.As a component of national rule of law,the rule of law in foreign related affairs acts as a bridge between the two independent legal systems of the rule of law in national affairs and international rule of law.It is imperative to promote a harmonized advancement of the rule of law in domestic and foreign-related affairs,thereby expediting the strategic deployment of the rule of law in foreign contexts.This strategy more effectively safeguards national sovereignty,security,and developmental interests while contributing to build a human community with|a shared future.

The Path Evolution for Chinese Modernization of the Rule of Law

The Communist Party of China(CPC)has created a new path for Chinese modernization and a new form of human civilization while leading the people in advancing a great social transformation.Chinese modernization of the rule of law is an integral part of this new path.With a high degree of historical initiative and consciousness,the CPC has solidly grasped the basic regularity of China's legaldevelopmenttbased on actual national conditions,and has successfully pioneered,upheld,and expanded Chinese modernization of the rule of law.Legal construction during the New-Democratic Revolution hasreflected theearly exploration of Chinese modernization of the rule of law.The development of the rule of law during the period of socialist revolution and construction has laid a preliminary foundation for the formation of Chinese modernization of the rule of law.The new great social transformation of reform and opening up has further promoted such modernization.The construction of a law-based China in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics marks a further expansion and deepening of modernization.Therefore,Chinese modernization of the rule of law is rooted in the Chinese land,conforms to the characteristics of China,and draws on the excellent achievements of the world's legal civilization.It encapsulates profoundhistorical,theoretical,and practical logic,and has created a new model of modernization of the rule of law in a civilized society.

在法治轨道上推进新时代科技创新的功能阐释

中国式现代化关键在科技现代化,在法治轨道上推进新时代科技创新是实现科技现代化和法治现代化的必然要求。在法治轨道上推进科技创新旨在发挥法治轨道在推进科技创新中的重要功能,使法治轨道成为驱动和赋能科技创新的重要动力机制和动能来源。要实现在法治轨道上推进科技创新,必须以习近平法治思想为指导,充分发挥和不断优化法治轨道在保障科技创新的政策实施、激发科技创新的主体活力、维护科技创新的自由空间、塑造科技创新的竞争优势、消解科技创新的伦理风险等方面的调整机制功能,从而为新时代科技创新提供持久法治动力和注入强劲法治动能。

习近平法治思想融入高职思政课的意蕴、困境与对策

将习近平法治思想融入高职思政课教学,对于落实立德树人根本任务、坚定法治自信、培育高职学生法治素养和对标职业教育人才培养意义深远。在习近平法治思想融入高职思政课的教学具体过程中,存在内容、形式和效果等现实困境,应以习近平法治思想为引领培育法治思维,提升法治素养;以横纵两维度打破教学设计藩篱,整合教学内容;以“八个相统一”为指导推动各种教学方法创新,提升教学实效。

论新时代人民法院能动司法的主要特征

能动司法是中国本土司法文化资源的原生性概念,是中国特色的自主司法知识体系的有机构成要素,是中国特色社会主义司法制度本质属性的集中体现,反映了马克思主义法哲学的世界观和方法论。新时代人民法院坚持能动司法,是践行习近平法治思想,着力破解司法难题,维护社会公平正义,积极主动融入国家治理、社会治理,以审判工作现代化支撑和服务中国式现代化的必然要求。新时代新征程,人民法院能动司法的内涵更加丰富、指向更加鲜明,体现了司法的政治性、人民性、法治性、协同性、综合性和有效性的有机统一,彰显了走中国特色社会主义法治道路的自信、底气和定力。坚持新时代能动司法,就是要坚持以习近平法治思想为指引,以让人民群众感受到公平正义为目标,积极主动适应中国式现代化的司法新需求,推动形成服务大局、司法为民、公正司法的生动实践。

习近平“以人民为中心”的法治理念解读

习近平法治思想是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分,是新时代中国特色社会主义法治体系的核心和灵魂。其中兼具创造性和引领性的“以人民为中心”的法治理念,为探寻法治国家建设的方向注入了全新的价值导向。“以人民为中心”的法治理念体现了马克思主义法治观,同时也继承了中国传统文化法治观。在“以人民为中心”的法治理念指导下,我国的立法、执法和司法实践取得了重大的成就,极大地保护了人民的利益,取得了良好的社会效果。新时期需要进一步推进“以人民为中心”的法治理念的实施,必须坚持进行全过程人民民主的伟大实践,坚持以人民的满意度作为法治建设成效的最终标准,坚持造福人民保护人民的初心立场。

中国特色社会主义市场经济法治理论的理论根源、演进脉络与经验启示

改革开放以来,中国共产党人坚持以马克思主义理论为指导,立足改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期、新时代中国特色社会主义经济发展状况和法治建设实践,领导市场经济法治建设经历了十一届三中全会以后的创立阶段、十三届四中全会以后的发展阶段、十六大以后的完善阶段和十八大以来的新发展阶段,在不同发展阶段的具体实际之下丰富和发展了马克思主义法治理论关于法治对经济基础的保障功能和经济基础对作为上层建筑的法治的推动作用的理论论断,对新时代法治经济建设具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。

论中国涉外法治体系的构建

涉外法治体系是中国特色社会主义法治体系的重要组成部分。涉外法治作为国内法治和国际法治的桥梁与纽带,其立足于法治中国建设的具体实践,更关系到国际法治的稳定与发展。涉外法治体系涵摄完备的涉外法律法规体系、高效的涉外法治实施体系、健全的涉外法律服务体系和开放的涉外法治融通体系,体现涉外法治工作涉及面广、联动性强的基本特征。构建涉外法治体系更需有效的保障机制,加强专业化人才培养体系建设和构建以国际法为支撑的自主知识和话语体系,是构建并完善涉外法治体系的关键所在。

论习近平法治思想的法治理论体系

习近平法治思想蕴含着丰富而深邃的法治法理思想,并形成了思想深刻、内容完整、体系宏大、逻辑严密的法治理论体系。该理论体系具体包括法治概念论、法治本质论、法治目的论、法治精神论、法治规范论、法治体系论、法治方法论、法治教育论、法治信仰论、法治自信论、法治文化论等。前五论阐明了法治内在与外在的理论与制度的本体问题,概念论阐释法治是什么,本质论诠释法治的政治方向与定位,目的论解决法治的意义与归属,精神论阐明法治的灵魂何谓,规范论则为作为理想、理念、价值的法治找到安身立命的制度载体。因此,前五论关乎法治的内在道德与外在规范以及相互之间的内在联系与原理。后六论阐释了法治的全过程、全领域的运行过程及其规律,解决法治的目的、精神、本质、规范何以实现以及怎样实现的战略、战术与策略问题:体系论确立了法治建设的目标与法治运行规律,方法论解决了法治战略目标如何实现的路径、方法、方式问题,教育论解决了法治何以使人尊法守法用法的问题,信仰论解决了人们对待法治的根本道德态度、道德习惯与道德义务问题,自信论解决了人们对待本国法治的信心与内在认同问题,文化论阐释了法治的意识形态构成与人文精神积淀。

"中国式法治现代化"的语义和意义分析

对“中国式法治现代化”进行语义和意义分析,是深化、拓展和创新中国式法治现代化研究的基础性学理性创造性工作。以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的世界观和方法论为指导,以习近平总书记的“中国式现代化理论”为研究范式,对“式”这一经典概念的本原语义和意义进行考察分析,对中国共产党人话语谱系中的“中国式”“中国式……”进行梳理分析,对“中国式现代化”这一科学概念和理论命题及其重大意义进行深度分析,对“中国式法治现代化”进行拓展研究,着力论述其作为法治现代化新范式的“资质”“条件”和“意义”。在上述语义和意义分析的基础上,本文提出了一个关于“中国式法治现代化”的初步定义。

中国刑事诉讼法治现代化的进程与展望

作为中国式法治现代化的重要维度,刑事诉讼法治在习近平法治思想的引领下实现了现代化的理念更新。以人民群众的新期盼为目标,中国刑事诉讼法治在司法体制改革中推进现代化,通过司法体制综合配套改革、国家监察体制改革、以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革,取得了影响深远的实践成就。在改革进程中,刑事诉讼的社会治理功能进一步发挥,人权保障作用更加凸显,国内法治、涉外法治得以统筹推进,执法司法中的顽瘴痼疾得到全面整治。但刑事诉讼法治仍然面临理论供给不足、诉讼资源分配制度不尽合理、权力监督制约架构相对薄弱、社会治理功能有待考察等现实困境。在未来需要从科学理论、知识增量、公正司法、能动司法等多个维度回应刑事诉讼法治现代化的需求。

习近平法治思想中的“大变局”应对方略论

“大变局”应对方略是习近平法治思想立足于“百年未有之大变局”的科学论断,针对积极应对世界大变局的现实需要所彰显之实效导向型共识。其作为一种凸显执行性遵守之行动整合的共同准则与依据,往往围绕建立健全涉外法治体系和营造国际法治新秩序这两种应对方略而具体展开。法治体系应对方略主要表征为建立健全涉外法治体系的原则表达、目标设定与核心要素,法治秩序应对方略则主要表征为营造国际法治新秩序的目标设定、方案要义与路径导向。基于此,全面梳理习近平法治思想中的“大变局”应对方略样态,能够为涉外法治工作的有效推动提供系统的类型化指引。

超越范式之争——文史哲法学的前提、立场与展望

文史哲是中国文化鲜明的标志性特征。笔者尝试提出的文史哲法学,既是立足于中国传统与实践,又是面向世界的具有普遍性样态的法学范式,理应成为建构中国自主知识体系和话语体系的法学目标。有别于教义法学和社科法学的研究旨趣,文史哲法学是一种全新视角的法学研究范式,它倡导厚植于中国的文史哲传统。其中,文学是法学素材的来源,史学是法学精神的见证,哲学则是法学价值的终极追求。文史哲法学旨在沟通中国历史传统与当下实践,侧重将文史哲作为工具和视角来研究人文与法学的互动关系,将人文价值和生活实践统一于法学研究场域之内,在保持统一性的前提下追求普遍性与实践性向度。中华法治文明在保持其独立个性、赋能文化自信的同时,也能为纾解人类的法律工具主义困境提供中国方案,促使法学脱离封闭的教条式思维模式与理论的窠臼,进而更好地为中国法学的本土化发展奠定坚实基础。

中华法治文明的突出特性及其内在逻辑:以制度演进与法典沿革为中心

中华法治文明的突出特性是中华民族五千多年探索自我治理的经验与智慧的理性沉淀。中国古代制度演进与法典沿革的轨迹表征着中华法治文明的连续性,中华法治文明连续演进的历程展现了法制发展在因袭传统基础上兴革损益的进取精神,展现了各民族法律制度、法典体系与法治观念不断融合的大一统传统,展现了法制发展过程中开放包容接纳域外法治文化、兼收并蓄吸收多元宗教文化、开放平等对待各民族文化的价值取向,展现了法制发展过程中贯穿始终的天与人和谐、人与人和睦、国与国和平的秩序理念,从而进一步表征了中华法治文明的创新性、统一性、包容性、和平性。中华法治文明突出的连续性从根本上决定了中华民族现代法治文明与之具有一致的理论逻辑、历史逻辑与实践逻辑。坚持中国共产党的全面领导,传承中华优秀传统法律文化,中华民族现代法治文明必将站在世界法治发展的舞台中央,持续创造人类法治文明新形态。

习近平“用法律保障民族团结”重要论述的学理阐释

习近平同志关于“用法律保障民族团结”的重要论述,既是对民族平等宪法原则和全面依法治国基本方略的重申,又是对我国依法治理民族事务历史经验的总结和升华,并在战略层面上,将依法治理民族事务纳入“全面依法治国”“全面推进中国式现代化”的工程体系之中。在这个意义上,“用法律保障民族团结”在依法治理民族事务中居于枢纽地位。其标志着中国民族事务治理由政策思维向法治思维转变,由线性思维向系统思维转变,由工具思维向价值思维转变。法治思维之要义在于确立“法治”在民族事务治理中的世界观地位;系统思维之要义在于确立“统筹兼顾”在民族事务治理中的方法论地位;价值思维之要义在于“民族团结”在民族事务治理中的价值论地位。

习近平法治思想融入高校思政课教学的路径探析

习近平法治思想是建党百年来提出的最全面、最系统、最科学的法治思想体系。习近平法治思想与高校思政课在教育目的、教学内容和教育规律上具有高度的耦合性,在教学实践中,应遵循学理性与政治性、知识性与价值性、灌输性与启发性相统一的原则,着力于扩大学生的学习内需、充盈教学内容的体系,选取新颖的教学方法、组建优质的教师团队、渲染浓厚的法治氛围等,充分发挥习近平法治思想融入高校思政课教学全过程的积极效用。

新时代法治工作队伍建设的理论旨归及其创新发展

“坚持建设德才兼备的高素质法治工作队伍”是习近平法治思想的重要组成部分,《关于加强新时代法学教育和法学理论研究的意见》对此提出了明确而具体的要求。全面推进依法治国,首先要把法治专门队伍建设好,要加强理想信念教育,深入开展社会主义核心价值观和社会主义法治理念教育,推进法治专门队伍革命化、正规化、专业化、职业化,确保做到忠于党、忠于国家、忠于人民、忠于法律。要研究解决制约政法工作的体制性、机制性、政策性问题,深入开展政法队伍教育整顿,克服“本领恐慌”,努力建设一支党和人民信得过、靠得住、能放心的政法队伍。要促进作为全面依法治国重要力量的法律服务队伍,在保障当事人合法权益、维护社会公平正义、开展法治宣传教育、化解社会矛盾、促进社会和谐等方面发挥重要作用。要积极构建具有中国特色的法学学科体系、学术体系和话语体系,要统筹国内法治和涉外法治,完善涉外法治体系,加快形成系统完备的涉外法律法规体系,为推进更高水平对外开放、推进“一带一路”建设,推动全球治理体系变革、构建人类命运共同体保驾护航。