The Li Lineage of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Professor Li Ding(李鼎)is the founder and tenured professor,doctoral supervisor at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,a Representative Inheritor for China Intangible Cultural Heritage-Acupuncture and Moxibustion.It is well known that Chinese medicine is rooted in Chinese culture and history.The inheritance of Chinese medicine cannot be separated from the inheritance of Chinese culture and history.Professor Li Ding’s path of Chinese medicine inheritance perfectly reflects the above-mentioned laws and is worthy of further exploration and research.The full text of this article is divided into three parts and will be published one after another.The first part“The Lineage of Gu Yi Tang”brings us Li’s family historical stories;the second part“The Lineage of Chinese Studies”introduces professor Li’s Chinese culture studies;and the third part“The Lineage of Dao Sheng Tang”discusses professor Li's inheritance of Chinese medicine.This article will bring our readers a rich and colorful Chinese scroll painting,which not only focuses on Chinese Medicine,acupuncture but also touches ancient Chinese history culture,Daoism,and even more.

The Li Lineage of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chinese medicine cannot be separated from Chinese culture and history.Professor Li Ding's path floridly embodies that,and so is worthy not just of admiration,but also of studious exploration.Aside from still,after well over half a century there,serving as a doctoral supervisor professor at the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(SHUTCM),and being one of the university's founders,he continues to contribute long after having been formally declared“A representative inheritor for China intangible cultural heritage-Acupuncture and Moxibustion.”This is the second article in a three-part series on Professo r.Li Ding.The first part focuses on“The Lineage of Gu Yi Tang,”and that storied our family history we will continue discussing now,with this second installment:"The Lineage of Chinese Studies,"which introduces professor Li's Chinese cultural studies.The forthcoming third part:“The Lineage of Dao Sheng Tang”will discuss professor Li's inheritance of Chinese medicine specifically.These three articles will bring our readers a rich and colorful Chinese scroll painting,which not only focus on acupuncture and general Chinese medicine,but also touch ancient Chinese history,culture,Taoism,and even more.

Intra-set correlation analysis of medical records of thyroid cancer treated by traditional Chinese medicine Master ZHOU Zhongying

Objective Based on intra-set correlation analysis, this paper deconstructs the clinical medical records of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) Master ZHOU Zhongying in treating thyroid cancer, and analyzes the experience in “mechanism-syndrome-medicine-prescription” for thyroid cancer.Methods Through Medcase data processing platform, based on Frequent Pattern(FP)-Growth enhanced correlation analysis algorithm, the medical records of Professor ZHOU Zhongying for the treatment of thyroid cancer from June 1, 2001 to February 28, 2015 were analyzed within the set.Results This study involved 43 medical records, 43 patients, and 167 visits. After processing intra-set correlations, 28 groups of highly correlated symptoms, 21 groups of highly correlated tongue images, 10 groups of highly correlated pulse conditions, 28 groups of highly correlated pathogenesis, 34 groups of highly correlated herbs, and 26 groups of highly correlated western medicine diagnosis were selected. Professor ZHOU Zhongying treats thyroid cancer according to syndrome differentiation. Symptoms with more association rules included neck swelling, neck pain, cough, and dry mouth;tongue images with more association rules included dark purple tongue, dark red tongue, and fissured tongue;pulse conditions with more association rules were wiry pulse, thready pulse, small pulse, and slippery pulse;the pathogenesis with more association rules was phlegm and blood stasis, damp-heat accumulation,and impairment of both Qi and Yin;herbs with more association rules were Chaihu(Bupleuri Radix), Zeqi(Sun Euphoribiae Herb), and Tiandong(Asparagi Radix);western medicine diagnosis with more association rules included thyroid cancer, insomnia, and chronic gastritis.Conclusion Thyroid cancer mostly presents as deficiency in origin and excess in manifestations. The basic pathogenesis is phlegm and blood stasis, damp-heat accumulation, and impairment of both Qi and Yin, which are closely related to liver, kidney, and spleen. Professor ZHOU Zhongying adopts both attack and supplement approaches as the general treatment principle, with a strong emphasis on regulating Qi and relieving depression, eliminating phlegm and resolving stagnation, eliminating dampness and turbidity, clearing fire and destroying poison, moistening dryness and softening hard mass, invigorating Qi and nourishing Yin, and paying attention to nourishing liver and kidney, invigorating spleen and stomach,while protecting the heart and lungs.

Traditional Chinese medicine Master XIONG Jibo’s medication experience in treating arthralgia syndrome through data mining

Objective This study aimed to examine and propagate the medication experience and group formula of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Master XIONG Jibo in diagnosing and treat-ing arthralgia syndrome(AS)through data mining.Methods Data of outpatient cases of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from January 1,2014 to December 31,2018,along with cases recorded in A Real Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctor:XIONG Jibo's Clinical Medical Record 1,which was published in December 2019.The five variables collected from the patients’data were TCM diagnostic information,TCM and western medicine diagnoses,syndrome,treatment,and prescription.A database was established for the collected data with Excel.Using the Python environment,a custom-ized modified natural language processing(NLP)model for the diagnosis and treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo was established to preprocess the data and to analyze the word cloud.Frequency analysis,association rule analysis,cluster analysis,and visual analysis of AS cases were performed based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform(V3.0)and RStudio(V4.0.3).Results A total of 610 medical records of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from the case database.A total of 103 medical records were included after data screening criteria,which comprised 187 times(45 kinds)of prescriptions and 1506 times(125 kinds)of Chinese herbs.The main related meridians were the liver,spleen,and kidney meridians.The properties of Chinese herbs used most were mainly warm,flat,and cold,while the flavors of herbs were mainly bitter,pungent,and sweet.The main patterns of AS included the damp heat,phlegm stasis,and neck arthralgia.The most commonly used herbs for AS were Chuanniuxi(Cyathu-lae Radix),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),and Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma).The most common effect of the herbs was“promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis”,followed by“supple-menting deficiency(Qi supplementing,blood supplementing,and Yang supplementing)”,and“dispelling wind and dampness”.The data were analyzed with the support≥15%and con-fidence=100%,and after de-duplication,five second-order association rules,39 third-order association rules,39 fourth-order association rules,and two fifth-order association rules were identified.The top-ranking association rules of each were“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)+Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”and“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)+Huangbo(Phello-dendri Chinensis Cortex)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”,respectively.Five clusters were obtained using cluster analysis of the top 30 herbs.The herbs were mainly dry-ing dampness,supplementing Qi,and promoting blood circulation.The main prescriptions of AS were Ermiao San(二妙散),Gegen Jianghuang San(葛根姜黄散),and Huangqi Chongteng Yin(黄芪虫藤饮).The herbs of core prescription included Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Mugua(Chaenomelis Fructus),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macro-phyllae Radix),Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),and Yiyiren(Coicis Semen).Conclusion Clearing heat and dampness,relieving collaterals and pain,and invigorating Qi and blood are the most commonly used therapies for the treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo.Additionally,customized NLP model could improve the efficiency of data mining in TCM.

明清以来吴门中医师承教学模式的思考

师承是中医药人才培养的重要模式。在中医药发展过程中,以吴门医派为例,吴门中医在传承教学方面积累了丰富的经验,培养了大量中医药人才。在时代进步、教育发展的背景下,作者通过研究明清以来吴门中医教学模式,在开展师承工作时不断探索和检验,提出重视中医经典与临床实践、宽进严出、突出流派特色等观点,以提高现代化中医药人才培养成效。

国医大师雷忠义治疗高血压病经验

高血压病作为临床常见病,发病率逐年上升,所以减少发病率、控制并发症对于人们健康十分重要。《高血压中医诊疗指南》总结了其发病的病因、病机及证型和方药,为我们临床提供依据。国医大师雷忠义教授在治疗高血压方面强调重视脏腑相关,重视经方应用,辨病与辨证相结合,重视气血理论,倡导活血化瘀,同时延伸痰瘀毒理论。在临床用药特点注重阴阳平衡,多用平肝清肝药,如钩藤、栀子、夏枯草等,多用对药角药,如天麻与钩藤、菊花与蒺藜、杜仲与牛膝、龙骨与牡蛎等。根据疾病特点,临床中自拟清眩降压煎化裁,每获良效。

Interpretation of the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in Jiangxi based on"unified coldness and warmness"

`Since the outbreak of COVID-19,various regions have introduced their own TCM prevention and treatment methods.However,there are two opposing views on the nature of cold and temperature.Since modern times,the thought of the unification of cold and temperature has developed rapidly,and many doctors gradually realized the importance and practicability of the unification of cold and temperature,and began to advocate the unification of cold and temperature syndrome.The prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in Jiangxi was developed by Professor Wu Bingcai,a master of Chinese medicine,based on the unified idea of cold and temperature,according to the characteristics of humid climate in Jiangxi,and in combination with the characteristics of COVID-19,the anti-toxin prescription for dispelling cold and desiccating dampness and the anti-toxin prescription for clearing heat and dehumidifying,which achieved exact and satisfactory results in clinical application.

从“气化”浅述国医大师葛琳仪运用风药治疗脾胃病之学术思想

[目的]介绍国医大师葛琳仪教授(以下简称葛教授)分层次施用风药辨治脾胃病的临床特色及其临证经验。[方法]通过理论溯源,跟师随诊,整理并分析葛教授基于气化理论运用风药治疗脾胃系疾病的临床医案,总结葛教授巧施风药辨治脾胃病的思路、心得和用药特色,并附医案一则加以佐证。[结果]气化是生命的基本活动,气化异常是疾病产生的重要原因。葛教授指出,脾胃病的基本病机是“气化异常”,常从“气化”切入,巧施风药以调畅气机,恢复脾升胃降功能,维稳五脏气机,具体分为四个层次:以风药疏肝和脾、壮气运脾、燥湿健脾以及搜风通络养脾。常用的风药有柴胡、防风、黄芪、升麻、佛手、紫苏梗、苍术、娑罗子、桑叶、藿香、草果、厚朴、佩兰、徐长卿、炒僵蚕等及其组成的药对、药串。[结论]葛教授临证精于辨证,从“气”切入,按不同层次巧施风药治疗脾胃病,特色鲜明,疗效显著,其学术思想值得临床借鉴和推广。

国医大师熊继柏治疗泄泻用药规律探究

对国医大师熊继柏治疗泄泻病案进行数据挖掘,分析熊继柏教授诊治泄泻的用药经验。基于中医传承辅助平台软件(V3.0),归纳和分析熊继柏教授在湖南中医药大学第一附属医院治疗泄泻患者的门诊病历数据,利用该平台软件的关联规则、复杂系统熵聚类等统计方法进行数据挖掘和分析,总结药物的性味、归经、应用频次、舌脉象频次及药对组合,通过结合熊继柏教授对泄泻病因病机、治则治法的认识,明确核心用药,探索国医大师的诊治规律及用药规律;且以验案举例说明。通过总结分析,共纳入病历168份,处方中用药频次较多的有砂仁、厚朴、黄连、木香、甘草、茯苓、白术、陈皮、半夏、西洋参,药性以温、平、寒为主,药味偏苦、辛、甘,归经多为脾胃经,归纳出治疗泄泻的主方为香砂六君子汤和连朴饮。国医大师熊继柏治疗泄泻以“健脾理气,清热燥湿”为治疗原则,在香砂六君子汤和连朴饮的基础上进行辨证论治,加减化裁。

中医风湿病学专业硕士学位研究生培养模式探究

为进一步提升中医风湿病学专业硕士学位研究生的传承和创新能力,根据中国当前中医风湿病学专硕研究生的培养现状,提出了一个以“传承+创新”为导向的中医风湿病学培养体系.该体系主要包括:强化中医“经典”学习,传承中医药文化;深化科研创新能力培养;加强中西医结合知识体系构建;发挥导师引导作用;合理规划科室轮转时间.多管齐下,与时俱进,培养高校人才.研究结果可为相关院校优化及创新中医风湿病学专业硕士学位研究生培养模式提供参考.

福州苍霞洲李氏中医儿科学术流派教育思想研究

中医药的传承发扬工作任重道远。在中医发展的历史长河中,中医学术流派从理论和实践方面丰富了中医药的内涵和实质,对于传承、弘扬、发展中医药事业至关重要。文章介绍了中医学术流派的概念及其教育模式,论述了福州苍霞洲李氏中医儿科学术流派的源流及教育思想,希望能够给提高中医教育质量,培养优秀的中医人才,助力中医药传承发展提供一些参考。

乳腺癌“应激治乳”新理论的构建与临床应用探讨

应激是生物体对内、外源性刺激的一种非特异的适应性反应,有助于维持机体内环境稳态。然而当应激反应的程度超过机体适应阈值,即可诱发多种疾病。乳腺癌发病率和死亡率高居女性恶性肿瘤前列,乳腺病领域首位国医大师林毅教授创立“六郁治乳”理论,认为六郁是乳腺癌发生发展的核心病机,而六郁与机体应激反应系统密切相关,中医药在调整应激稳态平衡领域有特色优势。该文基于中医经典理论、“六郁治乳”理论及现代应激理论,提出“应激治乳”学说,阐释应激因素介导乳腺癌发生发展的病机特性、致病特点、分子机制,提出基于应激稳态调控的核心思想和辨治原则,总结“应激治乳”理论指导下的遣方用药。“应激治乳”理论的构建丰富了中医乳腺癌理论体系,有望为改善乳腺癌患者的临床预后提供新路径。

借鉴师承教育模式探索闽医萧氏学术流派的生存与发展

闽医萧氏学术流派是福建省萧氏在长期临床实践历程中形成的,拥有独特的学术理论和临床经验,具有区域性特色的中医外科流派。中医师承教育在中医学术流派传承过程中发挥了很大作用,文章分别从闽医萧氏学术流派传承发展情况、存在的主要问题及发展建议等方面报告了研究结果,拟通过借鉴师承教育模式的优势探索出一条更适合闽医萧氏学术流派的生存与发展之道,以期发扬传承闽医学术流派优势特色理论与临床经验。

张伯礼教授治疗慢性心力衰竭经验

心力衰竭是大多数心血管疾病的终末阶段,也是主要的死亡原因。张伯礼教授临证数十载,对于治疗慢性心力衰竭具有丰富的临床经验。本文整理张伯礼教授治疗慢性心力衰竭经验,浅析该病的病因病机、遣方用药,以期体悟张伯礼教授在诊疗此病时的中医临床思维。

基于数据挖掘总结国医大师段富津“散邪清补,肺脾同调”法治疗小儿咳嗽经验

目的 基于中医传承计算平台(V3.0)建立数据库,对数据进行频数分析、关联规则、聚类分析,总结段富津教授治疗小儿咳嗽的用药规律及特点,提炼核心处方,以为临床治疗小儿咳嗽提供宝贵经验及依据。方法 选取1991—2008年经导师诊治的小儿咳嗽患者共416例,502诊次,录入中医传承计算平台(V3.0),建立数据库,分析证型分布规律、中药使用频数、聚类分析、常用药对关联频数和核心处方。结果 416例咳嗽患儿中证型以风热证为首,兼见痰湿证。药物频次使用居多的药味有桔梗、甘草、枇杷叶、陈皮、紫菀、牛蒡子,常见药对组合有桔梗-甘草,桔梗-枇杷叶,桔梗-陈皮,甘草-枇杷叶,甘草-陈皮,甘草-紫菀,桔梗-紫菀。挖掘核心处方6条。结论 段富津教授针对小儿发病风热、痰湿居多的特征,结合小儿病理生理特性,用药具有轻灵,量少效宏,散邪清补,肺脾同调的特点,谨守病机,灵活施治,其诊疗思想对临床治疗有指导意义。

国医大师王晞星基于阴火理论辨治癌性发热经验

癌性发热是恶性肿瘤在发病过程中出现的与肿瘤直接相关或因肿瘤治疗而引起的非感染性发热。国医大师王晞星教授从“阴火理论”出发,认为脾胃气虚、阴火上冲为癌性发热之关键病机,病变脏腑涉及肝、脾、肾三脏,当以甘温益气、健脾升阳、清泻阴火为首要治则;同时应重视“土木关系”,通过养血解郁、疏肝散火之法以调和肝脾;并通过滋阴清热、引火归元之法阻断阴火的传变。王晞星教授根据多年临床经验,在补中益气汤基础上化裁创制补中调肝汤(药物组成包括黄芪、党参、白术、升麻、柴胡、当归、白芍、麦冬、五味子、陈皮、蜈蚣、石见穿、八月札、炙甘草等),通过益中气、补肝血、调肝气、消癥散结,以调和人体寒热阴阳,可有效改善肿瘤患者癌性发热症状。

国医大师韩明向辨治郁证的经验研究

目的:运用数据挖掘技术探究并总结韩明向教授辨治郁证的用药经验。方法:收集韩明向门诊郁证患者的病例,运用 Excel软件建立数据库,对病人年龄、性别、辨证证型、以及高频药物进行统计学分析,并用SPSS软件进行关联规则分析、频数项集分析、聚类分析。结果:共收录处方108例,好发人群为绝经期前后的女性和中青年及中年男性,证型最多的为气郁化火证。涉及药物189味,高频药物包括柴胡、当归、白芍、甘草、牡丹皮、栀子等;常用药对有茯神-合欢皮、酸枣仁-合欢皮、栀子-牡丹皮等;常用药物组合有酸枣仁、柴胡-合欢皮,茯神、夏枯草-合欢皮,茯神、栀子-合欢皮等。聚类分析得出栀子-牡丹皮-当归-白芍-柴胡、合欢皮-茯神-夏枯草等4个药物聚类组合。结论:韩明向教授秉承“治病必求于本”的学术思想,抓住郁证中气郁之关键,结合当代好发人群的生理及外在特点,从郁、气、火三方面形成行气解郁,疏肝泻火为主要治疗准则的临床经验。

李京涛三期辨治慢加急性肝衰竭经验探析

该文对李京涛教授中西医治疗慢加急性肝衰竭经验进行探析和分享。慢加急性肝衰竭是临床难治性肝病之一,多属中医“急黄”范畴,其病机主要为正虚邪盛,虚证多以气、血、阴、阳虚为主;邪实多以湿、热、瘀、毒为主;李京涛教授辨治本病,注重分三期辨治,内治以解毒祛邪、健脾祛湿、益气温阳为法组方遣药,辅以外治灌肠和药膳饮食等,疗效显著。

中医专业学位研究生岗位胜任力的研究现状

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