The Cheng index distinguishes indica andjaponica rice based on six taxonomic traits.This index has been widely used for classifi- cation of indica and japonica varieties in China.In this study,a double haploid(DH)popu...The Cheng index distinguishes indica andjaponica rice based on six taxonomic traits.This index has been widely used for classifi- cation of indica and japonica varieties in China.In this study,a double haploid(DH)popula-tion derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17 F,a typical inter-subspecies hybrid,was used to investigate the six taxonomictraits,i.e.leaf hairiness(LH),color of hullwhen heading(CHH),hairiness of hull(HH),length of the first and second panicle internode(LPI),length/width of grain(L/W),andphenol reaction(PH).The morphological in- dex(MI)was also calculated.Based on themolecular linkage map constructed from this展开更多
【目的】目前干旱研究多为基于历史干旱事件分析成因与变化趋势,而结合过去与未来长时间序列数据更能揭示干旱变化特点。寻找在基于CMIP5模型输出未来气象数据时模拟干旱指数方法并探究陕西省过去与未来干旱变化特点,为陕西省未来农业...【目的】目前干旱研究多为基于历史干旱事件分析成因与变化趋势,而结合过去与未来长时间序列数据更能揭示干旱变化特点。寻找在基于CMIP5模型输出未来气象数据时模拟干旱指数方法并探究陕西省过去与未来干旱变化特点,为陕西省未来农业水资源管理提供依据。【方法】根据陕西省18个气象站历史数据以及CMIP5模式输出未来气象数据,比较了3种模型模拟参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET0),并基于参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET0)和降水数据计算标准降水蒸发指数(SPEI)和相对湿润指数(MI)反映干旱程度,比较过去(1958-2018年)与未来(2019-2100年)干旱的时空变化特点。【结果】多元线性回归模型(Multiple Linear Regression, MLR)能较准确的模拟参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET0)(RMSE=0.457 mm·d^-1);在RCP2.6和RCP8.5情景下未来干旱指数呈现上升趋势,在RCP8.5情景下,21世纪40年代存在干旱指数的突变年份;陕西省未来干旱程度降低,年内干旱分布更加不均匀;未来时期夏玉米生长季干旱程度减小,冬小麦生长季干旱程度增加。【结论】在不同RCP情景下,未来干旱变化特征存在差异,相同RCP情景下,SPEI和MI反映的干旱特征变化基本一致,但部分时段存在变化差异。为有效应对气候变化对旱作作物产量造成的负面影响,应当增强土壤蓄水保墒能力,尤其加强冬小麦生长季的抗旱工作。展开更多
To determine the effect of agricultural management on the dynamics and functional diversity of soil nematode communities in a carrot field at Kibbutz Ramat Hakovesh, Israel, soil samples from 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm dept...To determine the effect of agricultural management on the dynamics and functional diversity of soil nematode communities in a carrot field at Kibbutz Ramat Hakovesh, Israel, soil samples from 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depths were collected during the growing season of carrot. Indices were used to compare and assess the response of soil free-living nernatode communities to agricultural management. Eighteen nematode families and 20 genera were observed during the growing period, with Cephalobus, Rhabditidae, Aphelenchus, Tylenchus, and Dorylaimus being the dominant genera/families. During the planting, mid-season and post-harvest periods the total number of nematodes at both depths was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in the carrot treatment than in the control plots, while during the harvest period at both depths total nematodes and bacterivores were significantly higher in the treatment plots (P < 0.01). The values of the maturity index (MI) at both depths were found to be significantly lower in the treatment plots than in the control plots during the pre-planting period (P < 0.05). Overall, WI, MI and PPI were found to be more sensitive indicators than other ecological indices for assessing the response of nematode communities to agricultural management in a Mediterranean agroecosystem展开更多
[目的/意义]期刊评价有助于优选高质量期刊,为高水平的馆藏资源建设提供参考。已有的期刊评价指标主要考虑期刊引文的集中性而忽视了其均衡性特征,为丰富已有的期刊评价体系,文章提出一种新的评价指标--期刊平均影响力指标(MI)。[方法/...[目的/意义]期刊评价有助于优选高质量期刊,为高水平的馆藏资源建设提供参考。已有的期刊评价指标主要考虑期刊引文的集中性而忽视了其均衡性特征,为丰富已有的期刊评价体系,文章提出一种新的评价指标--期刊平均影响力指标(MI)。[方法/过程]在前人研究的基础上,利用改进的泰尔指数修正期刊平均被引频次,构建MI指数。并以Web of Science与Scopus两个数据库同时收录的图书情报领域48种期刊为例,计算其MI指数,并与JIF、CiteScore、SNIP、SJR和h指数进行对比。[结果/结论]结果表明,MI指数综合考虑了期刊的载文量、总被引频次和文献被引的均衡性,使得评价结果更加科学合理,从而为研究期刊影响力提供了一种新方法。展开更多
The increased expectations for food products of high quality and safety standards and the need for accurate, fast and objective quality determination of these characteristics in food products continue to grow. In this...The increased expectations for food products of high quality and safety standards and the need for accurate, fast and objective quality determination of these characteristics in food products continue to grow. In this situation, new techniques are necessary to enable on-line control of quality parameters. Computer vision provides one alternative for an automated, non-destructive and cost-effective technique in order to accomplish these requirements. The maturity index and sanitary conditions were objectively assessed on-line by image analysis obtained through machine vision, in which algorithms of colour-based segmentation, as well as the main operators to detect edges were used. The proposed methodology is able to estimate the maturity index and the percentage of defects in olives. In addition, this system can be potentially used on-line in the classification of olives, which means that it could help to improve the quality control of olive oil in factories.展开更多
Maturity index（MI）, based on nematode life strategies, has been proposed in 1990 to assess the possible variations of the terrestrial and freshwater nematode assemblages induced by anthropogenic activities. It was s...Maturity index（MI）, based on nematode life strategies, has been proposed in 1990 to assess the possible variations of the terrestrial and freshwater nematode assemblages induced by anthropogenic activities. It was subsequently applied also to marine ecosystems and, even if comparatively not yet very popular, it offers a good method to assess the ecological quality in relation to a wide range of anthropogenic drivers. However, few data are available on its response to physical stress, a key factor especially in the coastal areas. In this study, marine nematode genera from two study cases carried out in Maldives are used to test both MI and life strategy traits（i.e.,c-p classes） for detecting the effects of physical disturbance. The results confirm that nematodes are well adapted to physical stress showing a general high rate of recovery. C-p scaling and MI did not seem to be appropriate for revealing this disturbance type probably because there are no empirical evidences on the life strategy of several genera, and a possible differential response to various disturbance types may be hypothesized.展开更多
文摘The Cheng index distinguishes indica andjaponica rice based on six taxonomic traits.This index has been widely used for classifi- cation of indica and japonica varieties in China.In this study,a double haploid(DH)popula-tion derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17 F,a typical inter-subspecies hybrid,was used to investigate the six taxonomictraits,i.e.leaf hairiness(LH),color of hullwhen heading(CHH),hairiness of hull(HH),length of the first and second panicle internode(LPI),length/width of grain(L/W),andphenol reaction(PH).The morphological in- dex(MI)was also calculated.Based on themolecular linkage map constructed from this
文摘【目的】目前干旱研究多为基于历史干旱事件分析成因与变化趋势,而结合过去与未来长时间序列数据更能揭示干旱变化特点。寻找在基于CMIP5模型输出未来气象数据时模拟干旱指数方法并探究陕西省过去与未来干旱变化特点,为陕西省未来农业水资源管理提供依据。【方法】根据陕西省18个气象站历史数据以及CMIP5模式输出未来气象数据,比较了3种模型模拟参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET0),并基于参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET0)和降水数据计算标准降水蒸发指数(SPEI)和相对湿润指数(MI)反映干旱程度,比较过去(1958-2018年)与未来(2019-2100年)干旱的时空变化特点。【结果】多元线性回归模型(Multiple Linear Regression, MLR)能较准确的模拟参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET0)(RMSE=0.457 mm·d^-1);在RCP2.6和RCP8.5情景下未来干旱指数呈现上升趋势,在RCP8.5情景下,21世纪40年代存在干旱指数的突变年份;陕西省未来干旱程度降低,年内干旱分布更加不均匀;未来时期夏玉米生长季干旱程度减小,冬小麦生长季干旱程度增加。【结论】在不同RCP情景下,未来干旱变化特征存在差异,相同RCP情景下,SPEI和MI反映的干旱特征变化基本一致,但部分时段存在变化差异。为有效应对气候变化对旱作作物产量造成的负面影响,应当增强土壤蓄水保墒能力,尤其加强冬小麦生长季的抗旱工作。
基金Project partly supported by the Fred and Barbara Kort Sino-Israel Postdoctoral Fellowship
文摘To determine the effect of agricultural management on the dynamics and functional diversity of soil nematode communities in a carrot field at Kibbutz Ramat Hakovesh, Israel, soil samples from 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depths were collected during the growing season of carrot. Indices were used to compare and assess the response of soil free-living nernatode communities to agricultural management. Eighteen nematode families and 20 genera were observed during the growing period, with Cephalobus, Rhabditidae, Aphelenchus, Tylenchus, and Dorylaimus being the dominant genera/families. During the planting, mid-season and post-harvest periods the total number of nematodes at both depths was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in the carrot treatment than in the control plots, while during the harvest period at both depths total nematodes and bacterivores were significantly higher in the treatment plots (P < 0.01). The values of the maturity index (MI) at both depths were found to be significantly lower in the treatment plots than in the control plots during the pre-planting period (P < 0.05). Overall, WI, MI and PPI were found to be more sensitive indicators than other ecological indices for assessing the response of nematode communities to agricultural management in a Mediterranean agroecosystem
文摘[目的/意义]期刊评价有助于优选高质量期刊,为高水平的馆藏资源建设提供参考。已有的期刊评价指标主要考虑期刊引文的集中性而忽视了其均衡性特征,为丰富已有的期刊评价体系,文章提出一种新的评价指标--期刊平均影响力指标(MI)。[方法/过程]在前人研究的基础上,利用改进的泰尔指数修正期刊平均被引频次,构建MI指数。并以Web of Science与Scopus两个数据库同时收录的图书情报领域48种期刊为例,计算其MI指数,并与JIF、CiteScore、SNIP、SJR和h指数进行对比。[结果/结论]结果表明,MI指数综合考虑了期刊的载文量、总被引频次和文献被引的均衡性,使得评价结果更加科学合理,从而为研究期刊影响力提供了一种新方法。
文摘The increased expectations for food products of high quality and safety standards and the need for accurate, fast and objective quality determination of these characteristics in food products continue to grow. In this situation, new techniques are necessary to enable on-line control of quality parameters. Computer vision provides one alternative for an automated, non-destructive and cost-effective technique in order to accomplish these requirements. The maturity index and sanitary conditions were objectively assessed on-line by image analysis obtained through machine vision, in which algorithms of colour-based segmentation, as well as the main operators to detect edges were used. The proposed methodology is able to estimate the maturity index and the percentage of defects in olives. In addition, this system can be potentially used on-line in the classification of olives, which means that it could help to improve the quality control of olive oil in factories.
文摘Maturity index（MI）, based on nematode life strategies, has been proposed in 1990 to assess the possible variations of the terrestrial and freshwater nematode assemblages induced by anthropogenic activities. It was subsequently applied also to marine ecosystems and, even if comparatively not yet very popular, it offers a good method to assess the ecological quality in relation to a wide range of anthropogenic drivers. However, few data are available on its response to physical stress, a key factor especially in the coastal areas. In this study, marine nematode genera from two study cases carried out in Maldives are used to test both MI and life strategy traits（i.e.,c-p classes） for detecting the effects of physical disturbance. The results confirm that nematodes are well adapted to physical stress showing a general high rate of recovery. C-p scaling and MI did not seem to be appropriate for revealing this disturbance type probably because there are no empirical evidences on the life strategy of several genera, and a possible differential response to various disturbance types may be hypothesized.
