Background: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease associated with high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. As an infection with no specific treatment, its control is most importantly through vaccin...Background: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease associated with high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. As an infection with no specific treatment, its control is most importantly through vaccination and adequate disease surveillance. National immunization coverage for the first dose of measles/rubella vaccine in 2019 was 71%. As a result, measles continues to rage with outbreaks not sparing the North West Region (NWR) of Cameroon, hence the need for proper surveillance. Objective: Assess performance of measles case-based surveillance in the NWR of Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with retrospective collection of measles surveillance records carried out at the Regional Delegation of Public Health from 2009 to 2015. The data collected using a structured form were: number of persons suspected of measles;number of persons reported to district service;number of persons whose samples were collected and forwarded to the laboratory;number whose results reached the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) Central unit and the time lapse between successive phases. Results: Although not all planned activities were carried out, a constant increase in planned and carried out monitoring activities was found. The average time taken from onset of signs and symptoms in a measles case to consultation at a health facility, from consultation to notification of case to district service, from notification to investigation, from investigation to receipt of biological sample at laboratory, from receipt of sample to provision of results to the EPI Central unit, and from collection of sample to reception of results at the Central EPI unit was 2.59 days, 1.5 days, 1.5 days, 2.6 days, 4 days and 6.6 days respectively. Conclusion: There was an overall rising trend in the performance of measles case-based surveillance, although the high priority site visits witnessed a stagnation during the period, a large scale measles epidemic occurred (2015). The duration between phases of the surveillance system was within acceptable limits of WHO standards for an effective system. However, the proportion of samples reaching the laboratory and whose results are received at EPI Central Unit was 77.6%, which is lower than ≥80% prescribed by WHO.展开更多
Objective:To compare the characteristics of suspected measles cases at the health facilities and to determine the representativeness of the data.Methods:We visited 25 hospitals in the Aniocha Local Government Area(LGA...Objective:To compare the characteristics of suspected measles cases at the health facilities and to determine the representativeness of the data.Methods:We visited 25 hospitals in the Aniocha Local Government Area(LGA) of Delta State,Nigeria,from which information on reportable diseases was collected.In particular,the suspected measles cases in their registries between January 1,2007,and June 30,2008,were reviewed.We compared the characteristics,including age,sex,location,and month of reporting,of the suspected cases with the LGA surveillance records.Results:In the LGA records,10%cases involved individuals older than 14 years, compared with 20%in the same age group in the health facility records.Based on geographic location,53%of the measles cases among the hospital records came from a single location,in contrast to only 30%of the cases among the LGA records.An analysis considering time revealed that 30%of the cases in the LGA records occurred in August 2007,whereas 20%of hospital cases were reported in February and May 2008 combined.Conclusions:The two record types differed considerably in all of the characteristics used in this comparison.展开更多
Objective:To analyse the laboratory surveillance data from 2004 till 2008 to examine the changing trend of rubella cases in Malaysia.Methods:Samples for this study were either received through the measles case based s...Objective:To analyse the laboratory surveillance data from 2004 till 2008 to examine the changing trend of rubella cases in Malaysia.Methods:Samples for this study were either received through the measles case based surveillance program or were hospital cases received for sero-diagnosis of congenital rubella syndrome(CRS). Specific rubella IgM antibody test was carried out on all samples that were negative for measles IgM antibody and for sero-diagnosis of CRS.Results:Through the surveillance program for measles,the samples received for rubella had increased five fold from 365 in 2004 to 1 522 in 2007.Positive rubella cases detected had also increased from 4.1%in 2004 to 33.2%in 2007.The age group 11 to 20 years accounted for 73.6%of rubella cases confirmed in 2008,with a higher incidence among males than females.Positive rubella IgM was detected in 25 CRS cases during the 6 year period between January 2003 and December 2008.Conclusion:The measles elimination program had contributed to significant progress in the control of rubella,with the majority of rubella cases detected through this strategy.Since rubella is not notifiable in Malaysia,this integrated measles and rubella surveillance should be continued.However,to enhance the progress,specific targets should also be established in the national program to eliminate rubella and CRS.展开更多
文摘Background: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease associated with high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. As an infection with no specific treatment, its control is most importantly through vaccination and adequate disease surveillance. National immunization coverage for the first dose of measles/rubella vaccine in 2019 was 71%. As a result, measles continues to rage with outbreaks not sparing the North West Region (NWR) of Cameroon, hence the need for proper surveillance. Objective: Assess performance of measles case-based surveillance in the NWR of Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with retrospective collection of measles surveillance records carried out at the Regional Delegation of Public Health from 2009 to 2015. The data collected using a structured form were: number of persons suspected of measles;number of persons reported to district service;number of persons whose samples were collected and forwarded to the laboratory;number whose results reached the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) Central unit and the time lapse between successive phases. Results: Although not all planned activities were carried out, a constant increase in planned and carried out monitoring activities was found. The average time taken from onset of signs and symptoms in a measles case to consultation at a health facility, from consultation to notification of case to district service, from notification to investigation, from investigation to receipt of biological sample at laboratory, from receipt of sample to provision of results to the EPI Central unit, and from collection of sample to reception of results at the Central EPI unit was 2.59 days, 1.5 days, 1.5 days, 2.6 days, 4 days and 6.6 days respectively. Conclusion: There was an overall rising trend in the performance of measles case-based surveillance, although the high priority site visits witnessed a stagnation during the period, a large scale measles epidemic occurred (2015). The duration between phases of the surveillance system was within acceptable limits of WHO standards for an effective system. However, the proportion of samples reaching the laboratory and whose results are received at EPI Central Unit was 77.6%, which is lower than ≥80% prescribed by WHO.
文摘Objective:To compare the characteristics of suspected measles cases at the health facilities and to determine the representativeness of the data.Methods:We visited 25 hospitals in the Aniocha Local Government Area(LGA) of Delta State,Nigeria,from which information on reportable diseases was collected.In particular,the suspected measles cases in their registries between January 1,2007,and June 30,2008,were reviewed.We compared the characteristics,including age,sex,location,and month of reporting,of the suspected cases with the LGA surveillance records.Results:In the LGA records,10%cases involved individuals older than 14 years, compared with 20%in the same age group in the health facility records.Based on geographic location,53%of the measles cases among the hospital records came from a single location,in contrast to only 30%of the cases among the LGA records.An analysis considering time revealed that 30%of the cases in the LGA records occurred in August 2007,whereas 20%of hospital cases were reported in February and May 2008 combined.Conclusions:The two record types differed considerably in all of the characteristics used in this comparison.
文摘Objective:To analyse the laboratory surveillance data from 2004 till 2008 to examine the changing trend of rubella cases in Malaysia.Methods:Samples for this study were either received through the measles case based surveillance program or were hospital cases received for sero-diagnosis of congenital rubella syndrome(CRS). Specific rubella IgM antibody test was carried out on all samples that were negative for measles IgM antibody and for sero-diagnosis of CRS.Results:Through the surveillance program for measles,the samples received for rubella had increased five fold from 365 in 2004 to 1 522 in 2007.Positive rubella cases detected had also increased from 4.1%in 2004 to 33.2%in 2007.The age group 11 to 20 years accounted for 73.6%of rubella cases confirmed in 2008,with a higher incidence among males than females.Positive rubella IgM was detected in 25 CRS cases during the 6 year period between January 2003 and December 2008.Conclusion:The measles elimination program had contributed to significant progress in the control of rubella,with the majority of rubella cases detected through this strategy.Since rubella is not notifiable in Malaysia,this integrated measles and rubella surveillance should be continued.However,to enhance the progress,specific targets should also be established in the national program to eliminate rubella and CRS.
