A clinical trial of measles and rubella combined vaccine (MR: MRVAC) produced by POLYVAC was conducted in Vietnam in 2016. A total of 756 subjects were enrolled, and 504 were allocated to MRVAC and 252 to control MR v...A clinical trial of measles and rubella combined vaccine (MR: MRVAC) produced by POLYVAC was conducted in Vietnam in 2016. A total of 756 subjects were enrolled, and 504 were allocated to MRVAC and 252 to control MR vaccine groups. Paired sera were obtained in 733, and the number of subjects was 403 aged 1 - 2 years, 164 aged 2 - 18 years, and 166 aged 18 - 45 years. Antibodies against measles and rubella viruses were evaluated by EIA. Most subjects had been immunized with a single dose of Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) measles vaccine at 9 months of age. Only 41 of 403 subjects aged 1 - 2 years were negative for measles antibody before vaccination, and all became seroconverted. A serological response of more than a 2-fold increase against measles was noted in 214 (47%, 95% CI;42.4% - 51.6%) of 458 initially seropositive individuals immunized with MRVAC and 65 (28%, 95% CI;22.3% - 33.8%) of 234 in the control group, and geometric mean titer (GMT) after vaccination was 25.49-5.60 in MRVAC and 25.03-5.24 in control group. Seroconversion against rubella virus after immunization with MRVAC was noted in 267 (98.5%, 95% CI;97.1% - 100%) of 271 initially seronegative subjects, similar to that after immunization with control group. GMT after immunization with MRVAC was 24.88-5.11 significantly lower than that after immunization with control vaccine (25.59-5.80). Most subject ≥ 2 years of age had rubella antibody because of MR vaccination campaign and no significant serological response was observed in initially seronegatives. MRVAC was highly immunogenic and safe vaccine and the domestic production of MR vaccine would contribute to realizing the goal of eliminating measles and rubella.展开更多
Objective:To analyse the laboratory surveillance data from 2004 till 2008 to examine the changing trend of rubella cases in Malaysia.Methods:Samples for this study were either received through the measles case based s...Objective:To analyse the laboratory surveillance data from 2004 till 2008 to examine the changing trend of rubella cases in Malaysia.Methods:Samples for this study were either received through the measles case based surveillance program or were hospital cases received for sero-diagnosis of congenital rubella syndrome(CRS). Specific rubella IgM antibody test was carried out on all samples that were negative for measles IgM antibody and for sero-diagnosis of CRS.Results:Through the surveillance program for measles,the samples received for rubella had increased five fold from 365 in 2004 to 1 522 in 2007.Positive rubella cases detected had also increased from 4.1%in 2004 to 33.2%in 2007.The age group 11 to 20 years accounted for 73.6%of rubella cases confirmed in 2008,with a higher incidence among males than females.Positive rubella IgM was detected in 25 CRS cases during the 6 year period between January 2003 and December 2008.Conclusion:The measles elimination program had contributed to significant progress in the control of rubella,with the majority of rubella cases detected through this strategy.Since rubella is not notifiable in Malaysia,this integrated measles and rubella surveillance should be continued.However,to enhance the progress,specific targets should also be established in the national program to eliminate rubella and CRS.展开更多
目的:探讨口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗(oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccine,ORV)与麻疹-风疹联合减毒活疫苗(measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MR)联合接种的可行性,为制定免疫规划程序提供可靠的科学依据。方法...目的:探讨口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗(oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccine,ORV)与麻疹-风疹联合减毒活疫苗(measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MR)联合接种的可行性,为制定免疫规划程序提供可靠的科学依据。方法:设两种疫苗同时接种组和单苗接种组,观察疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生情况,接种前后、联合接种与单独接种组之间抗体几何平均滴度/浓度(GMT/GMC)、抗体阳性率和阳转率的差异。结果:各接种组临床反应都轻微,实验组与各对照组免前免后同种抗体GMT/GMC、阳性率,以及免后抗体阳转率,其差异均无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论:ORV与MR同时接种未发现严重异常反应和相互干扰免疫应答,可以同时接种。展开更多
目的调查2019年北京市海淀区在接种麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗(measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MR)后发生麻疹事件与注射疫苗之间的关联性。方法采用个案病例调查方法结合实验室基因序列测定和病毒分离鉴定结果,对...目的调查2019年北京市海淀区在接种麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗(measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MR)后发生麻疹事件与注射疫苗之间的关联性。方法采用个案病例调查方法结合实验室基因序列测定和病毒分离鉴定结果,对该预防接种异常反应病例进行调查诊断。结果海淀区2019年接种MR后发生麻疹事件1例,该病例于接种MR后第4天出现发热,接种后第8天出现皮疹,入院查体发现疑似麻疹黏膜斑。出疹后第4天和第6天分别采集静脉血,检测麻疹IgM均为阳性,风疹IgM阴性,出疹后第5天采集咽拭子样本,检测麻疹核酸PCR阳性,经鉴定基因型别为疫苗株。该区疾病预防控制中心组织预防接种异常反应调查诊断专家组进行诊断,疾病诊断结论为麻疹,结合实验室检查结果,根据WHO相关麻疹病例诊断标准,明确为麻疹疫苗株感染病例,不除外预防接种异常反应。结论在对病例进行流行病学调查基础上结合实验室检测结果,可科学快速明确减毒活疫苗引起的疫苗相关麻疹病例(vaccine associated measles case,VAMC),对麻疹的疾病监测和预防接种异常反应调查诊断具有实际指导意义。展开更多
目的分析8月龄儿童麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗(Measles,mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MMR)与乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗(Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine,JEV-L)同时接种的不良反应。方法通过山东省免疫规划...目的分析8月龄儿童麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗(Measles,mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MMR)与乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗(Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine,JEV-L)同时接种的不良反应。方法通过山东省免疫规划信息系统和中国疑似预防接种异常反应监测系统收集山东省2020年出生且满8月龄儿童MMR和JEV-L同时或单独接种的剂次数和不良反应个案,采用泊松回归模型计算不良反应报告发生率的95%置信区间(Confidence interval,CI)。结果山东省8月龄儿童MMR与JEV-L同时接种、MMR单独接种、JEV-L单独接种一般反应报告发生率(/10万剂)分别为103.90(95%CI:92.01-117.32)、119.49(95%CI:109.40-130.50)、49.29(95%CI:42.85-56.69),异常反应分别为3.20(95%CI:1.60-6.29)、4.11(95%CI:2.56-6.61)、0.50(95%CI:0.13-2.01)。结论8月龄儿童同时接种MMR和JEV-L同时接种或单独接种的不良反应发生率均在预期范围内,同时接种未增加不良反应的发生风险。展开更多
文摘A clinical trial of measles and rubella combined vaccine (MR: MRVAC) produced by POLYVAC was conducted in Vietnam in 2016. A total of 756 subjects were enrolled, and 504 were allocated to MRVAC and 252 to control MR vaccine groups. Paired sera were obtained in 733, and the number of subjects was 403 aged 1 - 2 years, 164 aged 2 - 18 years, and 166 aged 18 - 45 years. Antibodies against measles and rubella viruses were evaluated by EIA. Most subjects had been immunized with a single dose of Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) measles vaccine at 9 months of age. Only 41 of 403 subjects aged 1 - 2 years were negative for measles antibody before vaccination, and all became seroconverted. A serological response of more than a 2-fold increase against measles was noted in 214 (47%, 95% CI;42.4% - 51.6%) of 458 initially seropositive individuals immunized with MRVAC and 65 (28%, 95% CI;22.3% - 33.8%) of 234 in the control group, and geometric mean titer (GMT) after vaccination was 25.49-5.60 in MRVAC and 25.03-5.24 in control group. Seroconversion against rubella virus after immunization with MRVAC was noted in 267 (98.5%, 95% CI;97.1% - 100%) of 271 initially seronegative subjects, similar to that after immunization with control group. GMT after immunization with MRVAC was 24.88-5.11 significantly lower than that after immunization with control vaccine (25.59-5.80). Most subject ≥ 2 years of age had rubella antibody because of MR vaccination campaign and no significant serological response was observed in initially seronegatives. MRVAC was highly immunogenic and safe vaccine and the domestic production of MR vaccine would contribute to realizing the goal of eliminating measles and rubella.
文摘Objective:To analyse the laboratory surveillance data from 2004 till 2008 to examine the changing trend of rubella cases in Malaysia.Methods:Samples for this study were either received through the measles case based surveillance program or were hospital cases received for sero-diagnosis of congenital rubella syndrome(CRS). Specific rubella IgM antibody test was carried out on all samples that were negative for measles IgM antibody and for sero-diagnosis of CRS.Results:Through the surveillance program for measles,the samples received for rubella had increased five fold from 365 in 2004 to 1 522 in 2007.Positive rubella cases detected had also increased from 4.1%in 2004 to 33.2%in 2007.The age group 11 to 20 years accounted for 73.6%of rubella cases confirmed in 2008,with a higher incidence among males than females.Positive rubella IgM was detected in 25 CRS cases during the 6 year period between January 2003 and December 2008.Conclusion:The measles elimination program had contributed to significant progress in the control of rubella,with the majority of rubella cases detected through this strategy.Since rubella is not notifiable in Malaysia,this integrated measles and rubella surveillance should be continued.However,to enhance the progress,specific targets should also be established in the national program to eliminate rubella and CRS.
文摘目的分析甘肃省12岁以下儿童接种麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗(MMR)后30 d内发生单纯性热性惊厥(SFS)特征。方法筛选甘肃省2021年1月1日至2023年12月31日电子病历库中诊断为“热性惊厥”个案,利用病例身份信息匹配甘肃省免疫规划信息系统中该病例的接种信息,采用观察性流行病学方法分析12岁以下儿童出现SFS的流行特征及接种MMR 30 d内SFS发生风险。结果共纳入10614例SFS儿童患者,12岁以下儿童SFS总体发生率为92.42/10万,其中12~24月龄儿童发生率最高,为297.67/10万,男性儿童发生SFS风险高于女性儿童(RR值为1.61,P<0.001)。接种MMR后30 d内发生SFS风险较未接种该疫苗的高(RR值为2.66,P<0.001)。接种第1剂次的发生率(27.98/10万)较第2剂次(18.48/10万)高,12~24月龄儿童在接种第1剂次MMR 6~14 d SFS发生风险较<12月、25月~6岁组高(RR值分别为4.06和2.64,P<0.001)。结论12~24月龄儿童在接种MMR后6~14 d SFS发生风险增加,以12~24月龄儿童最为常见,应高度关注高风险人群并加强对SFS监测。
文摘目的:探讨口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗(oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccine,ORV)与麻疹-风疹联合减毒活疫苗(measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MR)联合接种的可行性,为制定免疫规划程序提供可靠的科学依据。方法:设两种疫苗同时接种组和单苗接种组,观察疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生情况,接种前后、联合接种与单独接种组之间抗体几何平均滴度/浓度(GMT/GMC)、抗体阳性率和阳转率的差异。结果:各接种组临床反应都轻微,实验组与各对照组免前免后同种抗体GMT/GMC、阳性率,以及免后抗体阳转率,其差异均无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论:ORV与MR同时接种未发现严重异常反应和相互干扰免疫应答,可以同时接种。
文摘目的调查2019年北京市海淀区在接种麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗(measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MR)后发生麻疹事件与注射疫苗之间的关联性。方法采用个案病例调查方法结合实验室基因序列测定和病毒分离鉴定结果,对该预防接种异常反应病例进行调查诊断。结果海淀区2019年接种MR后发生麻疹事件1例,该病例于接种MR后第4天出现发热,接种后第8天出现皮疹,入院查体发现疑似麻疹黏膜斑。出疹后第4天和第6天分别采集静脉血,检测麻疹IgM均为阳性,风疹IgM阴性,出疹后第5天采集咽拭子样本,检测麻疹核酸PCR阳性,经鉴定基因型别为疫苗株。该区疾病预防控制中心组织预防接种异常反应调查诊断专家组进行诊断,疾病诊断结论为麻疹,结合实验室检查结果,根据WHO相关麻疹病例诊断标准,明确为麻疹疫苗株感染病例,不除外预防接种异常反应。结论在对病例进行流行病学调查基础上结合实验室检测结果,可科学快速明确减毒活疫苗引起的疫苗相关麻疹病例(vaccine associated measles case,VAMC),对麻疹的疾病监测和预防接种异常反应调查诊断具有实际指导意义。
文摘目的分析8月龄儿童麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗(Measles,mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MMR)与乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗(Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine,JEV-L)同时接种的不良反应。方法通过山东省免疫规划信息系统和中国疑似预防接种异常反应监测系统收集山东省2020年出生且满8月龄儿童MMR和JEV-L同时或单独接种的剂次数和不良反应个案,采用泊松回归模型计算不良反应报告发生率的95%置信区间(Confidence interval,CI)。结果山东省8月龄儿童MMR与JEV-L同时接种、MMR单独接种、JEV-L单独接种一般反应报告发生率(/10万剂)分别为103.90(95%CI:92.01-117.32)、119.49(95%CI:109.40-130.50)、49.29(95%CI:42.85-56.69),异常反应分别为3.20(95%CI:1.60-6.29)、4.11(95%CI:2.56-6.61)、0.50(95%CI:0.13-2.01)。结论8月龄儿童同时接种MMR和JEV-L同时接种或单独接种的不良反应发生率均在预期范围内,同时接种未增加不良反应的发生风险。
