In this study we examined the relaxing effects of listening to music on a total of 12 women aged from their 20s to their 40s by measuring their blood flow, heart rate variability, and their body surface temperature. A...In this study we examined the relaxing effects of listening to music on a total of 12 women aged from their 20s to their 40s by measuring their blood flow, heart rate variability, and their body surface temperature. As a result, We found that there was a tendency for the volume of blood flow to the fingertips to significantly increase when listening to classical music, but there was a variety of changes in blood flow between each age group for healing music and J-Pop music. When measuring heart rate it was found that the LF/HF value, which is an index for the autonomic nervous system which shows tension and stress, fell significantly when listening to each type of music. Lastly, there was a trend for body surface temperature to rise when listening to classical or healing music, a rise which was particularly significant when listening to healing music. This study shows that a relaxing effect can be expected for all indices when listening to classical music. However, for healing music and J-Pop, personal musical preferences seemed to have an effect and the results were varied.展开更多
The structure of wind-sand flow under different total sand transport rates was measured with field vertical anemometer and sand trap on the crest of typical coastal transverse ridge in Changli Gold Coast of Hebei Prov...The structure of wind-sand flow under different total sand transport rates was measured with field vertical anemometer and sand trap on the crest of typical coastal transverse ridge in Changli Gold Coast of Hebei Province, which is one of the most typical coastal aeolian distribution regions in China and famous for the tall and typical coastal transverse ridges. The measurement results show that, on the conditions of approximate wind velocities and same surface materials and environments, some changes happen to the structure of wind-sand flow with the increase of total sand transport rate on the crest of coastal transverse ridge. First, the sand transport rates of layers at different heights in the wind-sand flow increase, with the maximum increase at the height layer of 4-8cm. Second, the ratios of sand trans-port rates of layers at different heights to total sand transport rate decrease at the low height layer (0-4cm), but increase at the high height layer (4-60cm). Third, the distribution of the sand transport rate in the wind-sand flow can be expressed by an exponential function at the height layer of 0-40cm, but it changes from power function model to ex-ponential function model in the whole height layer (0-60cm) and changes into polynomial function model at the height layer of 40-60cm with the increase of total sand transport rate. Those changes have a close relationship with the limit of sand grain size of wind flow transporting and composition of sand grain size in the wind-sand flow.展开更多
The TORE SUPRA Tokamak was built by EURATOM-CEA association. The NbTi conductor of superconducting coils is inserted in a tight enclosure filled with pressurized superfluid helium of 0.125 MPa at 1.8 K. The thick casi...The TORE SUPRA Tokamak was built by EURATOM-CEA association. The NbTi conductor of superconducting coils is inserted in a tight enclosure filled with pressurized superfluid helium of 0.125 MPa at 1.8 K. The thick casing is cooled to 4.5 K by 1.8 MPa in 4.5 K supercritical helium circulation. Around this thick casing, a 80 K thermal shield protects the parts at very low temperatures from the thermal radiation, which is cooled by pressurized helium at 80 K and 1.8 MPa. A new measurement method for helium mass flow rate of 80 K shield and 4.5 K casing is described in this paper. The commissioning was done on the two helium loops of the cryoplant: the supercritical 4.5 K thick casing and 80 K shields. The purpose is to improve control of the 4.5 K and 80 K refrigeration loops.展开更多
To accurately measure and evaluate the oil-water production profile of horizontal wells, a dynamic measurement experiment of oil-water two-phase flow in horizontal wells and numerical simulation were combined to estab...To accurately measure and evaluate the oil-water production profile of horizontal wells, a dynamic measurement experiment of oil-water two-phase flow in horizontal wells and numerical simulation were combined to establish a method for measuring the partial phase flow rate of oil-water two-phase stratified flow in horizontal wells. An experimental work was performed in horizontal oil-water two-phase flow simulation well using combination production logging tool including mini-capacitance sensor and mini-spinner. The combination tool provides a recording of holdup and velocity profiles at five different heights of the borehole cross-section. The effect of total flow rate and water-cut on the response of spinner and capacitive sensor at five measured positions were investigated. The capacitance water holdup interpolation imaging algorithm was used to determine the local fluid property and oil-water interface height, and the measured local fluid speed was combined with the numerical simulation result to establish an optimal calculation model for obtaining the partial phase flow rate of the oil-water two-phase stratified flow in the horizontal well. The calculated flow rates of five measured points are basically consistent with the experimental data, the total flow rate and water holdup from calculation are in agreement with the set values in the experiment too, suggesting that the method has high accuracy.展开更多
The phenomenon of preferential solution flow during dump leaching of low-grade ores was studied.The formative mechanism of preferential solution flow was investigated through analyzing the relationship between permeab...The phenomenon of preferential solution flow during dump leaching of low-grade ores was studied.The formative mechanism of preferential solution flow was investigated through analyzing the relationship between permeability and ore diameter,and the relationship between surface tension and ore diameter.The preferential solution flow happened within the fine ore area when the dump was unsaturated.And it could happen within the coarse ore area when the dump became saturated.The results of experiment show that the outflow of coarse ore area increases sharply with higher applied rate.The outflow of fine ore area is greater than that of coarse ore area when the applied rate is below 3.2 L/min,and the preferential solution flow happens in fine ore area.But the preferential solution flow happens in coarse ore area when the applied rate is higher than 3.2 L/min.The result of the experiment is consistent with the mechanism analyzing.展开更多
In this paper, the possibility of the flow rate measurement for a circular pipe flow by using a wo-ven screen with the property of straightening un-uniform flows is discussed. The resistance coefficient and the flow r...In this paper, the possibility of the flow rate measurement for a circular pipe flow by using a wo-ven screen with the property of straightening un-uniform flows is discussed. The resistance coefficient and the flow rate coefficient are estimated from the pressure difference caused by the woven screen under the experiment ranges of the wire Reynolds number, Red = 2.2 × 102-1.8 × 103, and of the open area ratio, β = 0.28-0.65. As a result, the resistance coefficient decreases and the flow rate coefficient increases as the wire Reynolds number Red or the open area ratio β increases. In addition, both coefficients are not affected by the difference between uniform and turbulent pipe flows approaching the woven screen. Therefore, the possibility of a flow-meter having the property to straighten the un-uniform flow is expected.展开更多
A retrospective study of flow cytometric measurements on paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 188 patients with bladder tumor was conducted. The results were analyzed in combination with the morphological variation ...A retrospective study of flow cytometric measurements on paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 188 patients with bladder tumor was conducted. The results were analyzed in combination with the morphological variation of bladder tumors. It was found that the DNA ploid pottern, degree of infiltration and the multiplicity of bladder tumor were closely related with tumor recurrence, among which the DNA ploid pattern was most significant. In aneuploid bladder tumors the recurrent rate and mean annual recurrence frequency were 76.7% and 1.46, and those in the diploid bladder tumors were 18.7% and 0.33 respectively. Aneuploid was the most indicative parameter of the recurrence in bladder tumors. In addition, according to the DNA ploid pattern and DNA index (DI), the aneuploid tumors in our group were divided into 4 types, namely, tetraploid tumors, npn-euploid with DI(?)1.5, non-euploid tumors with DI>1.5 and two-aneuploid tumors. The results showed that the recurrent rate of tetraploid tumors was relatively lower and it became higher and higher in the following order: non-euploid tumors with DI(?)1.5, non-euploid tumors with DI>1.5, and two-aneuploid tumors. This indicates that there are different biological behaviors in tumors with different ploid pattern. Finally, the correlation between DNA ploid pattern and tumor metastasis was also discussed.展开更多
The injection characteristics of the main fuel nozzle,which is widely applied in advanced lean-premixed-prevaporized(LPP)low-emission combustors,can be simplified as the atomization and vaporization processes of a jet...The injection characteristics of the main fuel nozzle,which is widely applied in advanced lean-premixed-prevaporized(LPP)low-emission combustors,can be simplified as the atomization and vaporization processes of a jet into cross-flow.In this study,a nozzle with a diameter of 0.4 mm is designed and processed through the heating of the inlet air,and the vaporization characteristics are investigated.The optical measurement and cyclone separation methods are separately used to investigate the evaporation rate of a jet into cross-flow.Experimental results show that the fuel evaporation rate in cross-flow is mainly affected by the Weber number(We),equivalent ratio(φ),momentum rate of fuel to air(q),and air temperature.In addition,the inlet temperature is a crucial factor for the evaporation ratio of a jet into cross-flow.The evaporation results measured by two different methods in the same cross-flow are very close to each other with a deviation within 10%.展开更多
Electrochemical milling is eminently suitable for machining aerospace parts(which usually have complex structures) because of its great flexibility. However,titanium alloys are particularly sensitive to changes in the...Electrochemical milling is eminently suitable for machining aerospace parts(which usually have complex structures) because of its great flexibility. However,titanium alloys are particularly sensitive to changes in the flow field,which often cause severe pitting corrosion of the machined surface. Although electrochemical sinking and milling(ESM) can restrict the flow of electrolyte and reduce pitting corrosion,the quality of the machined surface is not ideal because the latter are susceptible to stray corrosion. To reduce such corrosion and improve the surface quality,the internal flow channel of the tool electrode and the cutting depth were investigated thoroughly. Extensive experiments revealed that stray corrosion could be reduced significantly and surface quality improved by controlling the electrolyte flow direction in the machining area,which was achieved by changing the style of the internal flow channel of the tool electrode. These reductions in corrosion and surface roughness were achieved using a tool electrode with a triangular internal flow channel. In addition,the main components and micro-hardness of the machined surface were close to that of the TB6 titanium alloy substrate,which helped to maintain the inherent high strength of the titanium alloy. The surface of the workpiece changed from being hydrophilic to being hydrophobic,which reduced the flow resistance.展开更多
文摘In this study we examined the relaxing effects of listening to music on a total of 12 women aged from their 20s to their 40s by measuring their blood flow, heart rate variability, and their body surface temperature. As a result, We found that there was a tendency for the volume of blood flow to the fingertips to significantly increase when listening to classical music, but there was a variety of changes in blood flow between each age group for healing music and J-Pop music. When measuring heart rate it was found that the LF/HF value, which is an index for the autonomic nervous system which shows tension and stress, fell significantly when listening to each type of music. Lastly, there was a trend for body surface temperature to rise when listening to classical or healing music, a rise which was particularly significant when listening to healing music. This study shows that a relaxing effect can be expected for all indices when listening to classical music. However, for healing music and J-Pop, personal musical preferences seemed to have an effect and the results were varied.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 40571019)
文摘The structure of wind-sand flow under different total sand transport rates was measured with field vertical anemometer and sand trap on the crest of typical coastal transverse ridge in Changli Gold Coast of Hebei Province, which is one of the most typical coastal aeolian distribution regions in China and famous for the tall and typical coastal transverse ridges. The measurement results show that, on the conditions of approximate wind velocities and same surface materials and environments, some changes happen to the structure of wind-sand flow with the increase of total sand transport rate on the crest of coastal transverse ridge. First, the sand transport rates of layers at different heights in the wind-sand flow increase, with the maximum increase at the height layer of 4-8cm. Second, the ratios of sand trans-port rates of layers at different heights to total sand transport rate decrease at the low height layer (0-4cm), but increase at the high height layer (4-60cm). Third, the distribution of the sand transport rate in the wind-sand flow can be expressed by an exponential function at the height layer of 0-40cm, but it changes from power function model to ex-ponential function model in the whole height layer (0-60cm) and changes into polynomial function model at the height layer of 40-60cm with the increase of total sand transport rate. Those changes have a close relationship with the limit of sand grain size of wind flow transporting and composition of sand grain size in the wind-sand flow.
文摘The TORE SUPRA Tokamak was built by EURATOM-CEA association. The NbTi conductor of superconducting coils is inserted in a tight enclosure filled with pressurized superfluid helium of 0.125 MPa at 1.8 K. The thick casing is cooled to 4.5 K by 1.8 MPa in 4.5 K supercritical helium circulation. Around this thick casing, a 80 K thermal shield protects the parts at very low temperatures from the thermal radiation, which is cooled by pressurized helium at 80 K and 1.8 MPa. A new measurement method for helium mass flow rate of 80 K shield and 4.5 K casing is described in this paper. The commissioning was done on the two helium loops of the cryoplant: the supercritical 4.5 K thick casing and 80 K shields. The purpose is to improve control of the 4.5 K and 80 K refrigeration loops.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41474115)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources(Yangtze University)Ministry of Education of China(No K2018-02)Educational Commission of Hubei Province of China(D20141302)
文摘To accurately measure and evaluate the oil-water production profile of horizontal wells, a dynamic measurement experiment of oil-water two-phase flow in horizontal wells and numerical simulation were combined to establish a method for measuring the partial phase flow rate of oil-water two-phase stratified flow in horizontal wells. An experimental work was performed in horizontal oil-water two-phase flow simulation well using combination production logging tool including mini-capacitance sensor and mini-spinner. The combination tool provides a recording of holdup and velocity profiles at five different heights of the borehole cross-section. The effect of total flow rate and water-cut on the response of spinner and capacitive sensor at five measured positions were investigated. The capacitance water holdup interpolation imaging algorithm was used to determine the local fluid property and oil-water interface height, and the measured local fluid speed was combined with the numerical simulation result to establish an optimal calculation model for obtaining the partial phase flow rate of the oil-water two-phase stratified flow in the horizontal well. The calculated flow rates of five measured points are basically consistent with the experimental data, the total flow rate and water holdup from calculation are in agreement with the set values in the experiment too, suggesting that the method has high accuracy.
基金Project(50325415)supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young ScholarsProject (50621603) supported by China Science Fund for Distinguished Group+1 种基金Project (2004CB619200) supported by National Key Fundamental Research and Development Program of ChinaProject (50574099) supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The phenomenon of preferential solution flow during dump leaching of low-grade ores was studied.The formative mechanism of preferential solution flow was investigated through analyzing the relationship between permeability and ore diameter,and the relationship between surface tension and ore diameter.The preferential solution flow happened within the fine ore area when the dump was unsaturated.And it could happen within the coarse ore area when the dump became saturated.The results of experiment show that the outflow of coarse ore area increases sharply with higher applied rate.The outflow of fine ore area is greater than that of coarse ore area when the applied rate is below 3.2 L/min,and the preferential solution flow happens in fine ore area.But the preferential solution flow happens in coarse ore area when the applied rate is higher than 3.2 L/min.The result of the experiment is consistent with the mechanism analyzing.
文摘In this paper, the possibility of the flow rate measurement for a circular pipe flow by using a wo-ven screen with the property of straightening un-uniform flows is discussed. The resistance coefficient and the flow rate coefficient are estimated from the pressure difference caused by the woven screen under the experiment ranges of the wire Reynolds number, Red = 2.2 × 102-1.8 × 103, and of the open area ratio, β = 0.28-0.65. As a result, the resistance coefficient decreases and the flow rate coefficient increases as the wire Reynolds number Red or the open area ratio β increases. In addition, both coefficients are not affected by the difference between uniform and turbulent pipe flows approaching the woven screen. Therefore, the possibility of a flow-meter having the property to straighten the un-uniform flow is expected.
文摘A retrospective study of flow cytometric measurements on paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 188 patients with bladder tumor was conducted. The results were analyzed in combination with the morphological variation of bladder tumors. It was found that the DNA ploid pottern, degree of infiltration and the multiplicity of bladder tumor were closely related with tumor recurrence, among which the DNA ploid pattern was most significant. In aneuploid bladder tumors the recurrent rate and mean annual recurrence frequency were 76.7% and 1.46, and those in the diploid bladder tumors were 18.7% and 0.33 respectively. Aneuploid was the most indicative parameter of the recurrence in bladder tumors. In addition, according to the DNA ploid pattern and DNA index (DI), the aneuploid tumors in our group were divided into 4 types, namely, tetraploid tumors, npn-euploid with DI(?)1.5, non-euploid tumors with DI>1.5 and two-aneuploid tumors. The results showed that the recurrent rate of tetraploid tumors was relatively lower and it became higher and higher in the following order: non-euploid tumors with DI(?)1.5, non-euploid tumors with DI>1.5, and two-aneuploid tumors. This indicates that there are different biological behaviors in tumors with different ploid pattern. Finally, the correlation between DNA ploid pattern and tumor metastasis was also discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51676097, 91741118)
文摘The injection characteristics of the main fuel nozzle,which is widely applied in advanced lean-premixed-prevaporized(LPP)low-emission combustors,can be simplified as the atomization and vaporization processes of a jet into cross-flow.In this study,a nozzle with a diameter of 0.4 mm is designed and processed through the heating of the inlet air,and the vaporization characteristics are investigated.The optical measurement and cyclone separation methods are separately used to investigate the evaporation rate of a jet into cross-flow.Experimental results show that the fuel evaporation rate in cross-flow is mainly affected by the Weber number(We),equivalent ratio(φ),momentum rate of fuel to air(q),and air temperature.In addition,the inlet temperature is a crucial factor for the evaporation ratio of a jet into cross-flow.The evaporation results measured by two different methods in the same cross-flow are very close to each other with a deviation within 10%.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91860208)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Creative Research Groups(Grant No.51921003)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYCX19_0160)。
文摘Electrochemical milling is eminently suitable for machining aerospace parts(which usually have complex structures) because of its great flexibility. However,titanium alloys are particularly sensitive to changes in the flow field,which often cause severe pitting corrosion of the machined surface. Although electrochemical sinking and milling(ESM) can restrict the flow of electrolyte and reduce pitting corrosion,the quality of the machined surface is not ideal because the latter are susceptible to stray corrosion. To reduce such corrosion and improve the surface quality,the internal flow channel of the tool electrode and the cutting depth were investigated thoroughly. Extensive experiments revealed that stray corrosion could be reduced significantly and surface quality improved by controlling the electrolyte flow direction in the machining area,which was achieved by changing the style of the internal flow channel of the tool electrode. These reductions in corrosion and surface roughness were achieved using a tool electrode with a triangular internal flow channel. In addition,the main components and micro-hardness of the machined surface were close to that of the TB6 titanium alloy substrate,which helped to maintain the inherent high strength of the titanium alloy. The surface of the workpiece changed from being hydrophilic to being hydrophobic,which reduced the flow resistance.