Background:Egg production is economically important in the meat-type chicken industry.To better understand the molecular genetic mechanism of egg production in meat-type chicken,genetic parameter estimation,genome-wid...Background:Egg production is economically important in the meat-type chicken industry.To better understand the molecular genetic mechanism of egg production in meat-type chicken,genetic parameter estimation,genome-wide association analyses combined with meta-analyses,Bayesian analyses,and selective sweep analyses were performed to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and other genetic loci that were significantly associated with egg number traits in 11,279 chickens from seven material lines.Results:Yellow-feathered meat-type chickens laid 115 eggs at 43 weeks of age and white-feathered chickens laid 143 eggs at 60 weeks of age,with heritability ranging from 0.034–0.258.Based on meta-analyses and selective sweep analyses,one region(10.81–13.05 Mb)on chromosome Z was associated with egg number in all lines.Further analyses using the W2 line was also associated with the same region,and 29 SNPs were identified that significantly affected estimation of breeding value of egg numbers.The 29 SNPs were identified as having a significant effect on the egg number EBV in 3194 birds in line W2.There are 36 genes in the region,with glial cell derived neurotrophic factor,DAB adaptor protein 2,protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1,NAD kinase 2,mitochondrial,WD repeat domain 70,leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha,complement C6,and complement C7 identified as being potentially affecting to egg number.In addition,three SNPs(rs318154184,rs13769886,and rs313325646)associated with egg number were located on or near the prolactin receptor gene.Conclusion:Our study used genomic information from different chicken lines and populations to identify a genomic region(spanning 2.24 Mb)associated with egg number.Nine genes and 29 SNPs were identified as the most likely candidate genes and variations for egg production.These results contribute to the identification of candidate genes and variants for egg traits in poultry.展开更多
China has the world’s largest sheep flock and the largest producer of sheep meat by far. However, the nutrient requirements have not been systemically studied and there is a lack of knowledge of nutrient requirement ...China has the world’s largest sheep flock and the largest producer of sheep meat by far. However, the nutrient requirements have not been systemically studied and there is a lack of knowledge of nutrient requirement for meat-type sheep in China.Since 2008, the nutrient requirements of meat-type sheep in China has been systematically investigated. In this review, we introduced the history of studies of nutrient requirements of meat-type sheep in China, summarized the recent advances in nutrient requirements of meat-type sheep, and highlighted the future directions of researches on nutrient requirements of meat-type sheep in China.展开更多
本试验旨在研究不同饲粮类型对乳鸽屠宰性能、肉品质、糖代谢、脂代谢、氧化应激及肌纤维发育的影响。选取108对生产性能相近且同一天带仔的欧洲米玛斯白鸽,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6对种鸽。各组分别饲喂原粮(原粮组)、50%...本试验旨在研究不同饲粮类型对乳鸽屠宰性能、肉品质、糖代谢、脂代谢、氧化应激及肌纤维发育的影响。选取108对生产性能相近且同一天带仔的欧洲米玛斯白鸽,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6对种鸽。各组分别饲喂原粮(原粮组)、50%原粮+50%颗粒料(原粮+颗粒料组)以及颗粒料(颗粒料组)3种等能等氮饲料。每对种鸽哺育4只乳鸽,试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌重显著降低(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组、颗粒料组乳鸽的屠宰率显著升高(P<0.05),颗粒料组乳鸽的半净膛率和全净膛率显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min pH显著升高(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌滴水损失显著升高(P<0.05)。颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min亮度(L*)值显著高于原粮+颗粒料组(P<0.05)。3)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌甘油三酯(TG)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量和总抗氧化活力(T-AOC)显著升高(P<0.05)。5)与原粮组相比,原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌纤维横截面积和直径均显著降低(P<0.05)。6)相关性分析发现,乳鸽胸肌尿素氮(UN)含量与胸肌重呈显著负相关(P<0.05),胸肌总胆固醇(T-CHO)含量、胸肌纤维横截面积和直径与胸肌重呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲喂颗粒料会造成乳鸽肌肉发育受阻,对蛋白质的利用率降低,氧化应激水平升高,肉品质变差。因此,在设计种鸽饲粮时除了考虑营养素以外,还要考虑饲粮类型,以免影响乳鸽肌肉发育和肉品质。展开更多
基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2020B02022002)the Shandong Agricultural Seed Improvement Project(2020LZGC013)the Technological Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ZDRW202005)。
文摘Background:Egg production is economically important in the meat-type chicken industry.To better understand the molecular genetic mechanism of egg production in meat-type chicken,genetic parameter estimation,genome-wide association analyses combined with meta-analyses,Bayesian analyses,and selective sweep analyses were performed to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and other genetic loci that were significantly associated with egg number traits in 11,279 chickens from seven material lines.Results:Yellow-feathered meat-type chickens laid 115 eggs at 43 weeks of age and white-feathered chickens laid 143 eggs at 60 weeks of age,with heritability ranging from 0.034–0.258.Based on meta-analyses and selective sweep analyses,one region(10.81–13.05 Mb)on chromosome Z was associated with egg number in all lines.Further analyses using the W2 line was also associated with the same region,and 29 SNPs were identified that significantly affected estimation of breeding value of egg numbers.The 29 SNPs were identified as having a significant effect on the egg number EBV in 3194 birds in line W2.There are 36 genes in the region,with glial cell derived neurotrophic factor,DAB adaptor protein 2,protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1,NAD kinase 2,mitochondrial,WD repeat domain 70,leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha,complement C6,and complement C7 identified as being potentially affecting to egg number.In addition,three SNPs(rs318154184,rs13769886,and rs313325646)associated with egg number were located on or near the prolactin receptor gene.Conclusion:Our study used genomic information from different chicken lines and populations to identify a genomic region(spanning 2.24 Mb)associated with egg number.Nine genes and 29 SNPs were identified as the most likely candidate genes and variations for egg production.These results contribute to the identification of candidate genes and variants for egg traits in poultry.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-38)the Project of Exploitation and Utilization of High Quality Green and Rough Feed Resources,China(16200157)the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Agency,China(2020GG0058)。
文摘China has the world’s largest sheep flock and the largest producer of sheep meat by far. However, the nutrient requirements have not been systemically studied and there is a lack of knowledge of nutrient requirement for meat-type sheep in China.Since 2008, the nutrient requirements of meat-type sheep in China has been systematically investigated. In this review, we introduced the history of studies of nutrient requirements of meat-type sheep in China, summarized the recent advances in nutrient requirements of meat-type sheep, and highlighted the future directions of researches on nutrient requirements of meat-type sheep in China.
文摘本试验旨在研究不同饲粮类型对乳鸽屠宰性能、肉品质、糖代谢、脂代谢、氧化应激及肌纤维发育的影响。选取108对生产性能相近且同一天带仔的欧洲米玛斯白鸽,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6对种鸽。各组分别饲喂原粮(原粮组)、50%原粮+50%颗粒料(原粮+颗粒料组)以及颗粒料(颗粒料组)3种等能等氮饲料。每对种鸽哺育4只乳鸽,试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌重显著降低(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组、颗粒料组乳鸽的屠宰率显著升高(P<0.05),颗粒料组乳鸽的半净膛率和全净膛率显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min pH显著升高(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌滴水损失显著升高(P<0.05)。颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min亮度(L*)值显著高于原粮+颗粒料组(P<0.05)。3)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌甘油三酯(TG)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量和总抗氧化活力(T-AOC)显著升高(P<0.05)。5)与原粮组相比,原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌纤维横截面积和直径均显著降低(P<0.05)。6)相关性分析发现,乳鸽胸肌尿素氮(UN)含量与胸肌重呈显著负相关(P<0.05),胸肌总胆固醇(T-CHO)含量、胸肌纤维横截面积和直径与胸肌重呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲喂颗粒料会造成乳鸽肌肉发育受阻,对蛋白质的利用率降低,氧化应激水平升高,肉品质变差。因此,在设计种鸽饲粮时除了考虑营养素以外,还要考虑饲粮类型,以免影响乳鸽肌肉发育和肉品质。
