Sequential treatment of severe pneumonia with respiratory failure and its influence on respiratory mechanical parameters and hemodynamics

BACKGROUND The pathophysiological characteristics of severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure comprise pulmonary parenchymal changes leading to ventilation imbalance,alveolar capillary injury,pulmonary edema,refractory hypoxemia,and reduced lung compliance.Prolonged hypoxia can cause acid-base balance disorder,peripheral circulatory failure,blood-pressure reduction,arrhythmia,and other adverse consequences.AIM To investigate sequential mechanical ventilation’s effect on severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure.METHODS We selected 108 patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure who underwent mechanical ventilation between January 2018 and September 2020 at the Luhe Hospital’s Intensive Care Unit and divided them into sequential and regular groups according to a randomized trial,with each group comprising 54 patients.The sequential group received invasive and non-invasive sequential mechanical ventilation,whereas the regular group received invasive mechanical ventilation.Blood-gas parameters,hemodynamic parameters,respiratory mechanical parameters,inflammatory factors,and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups before and after mechanical-ventilation treatment.RESULTS The arterial oxygen partial pressure and stroke volume variation values of the sequential group at 24,48,and 72 h of treatment were higher than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The carbon dioxide partial pressure value of the sequential group at 72 h of treatment and the Raw value of the treatment group at 24 and 48 h were lower than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The pH value of the sequential group at 24 and 72 h of treatment,the central venous pressure value of the treatment at 24 h,and the Cst value of the treatment at 24 and 48 h were higher than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The tidal volume in the sequential group at 24 h of treatment was higher than that in the conventional group(P<0.05),the measured values of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-αin the sequential group at 72 h of treatment were lower than those in the conventional group(P<0.05),and the total time of mechanical ventilation in the sequential group was shorter than that in the conventional group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Treating severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure with sequential mechanical ventilation is more effective in improving respiratory system compliance,reducing inflammatory response,maintaining hemodynamic stability,and improving patient blood-gas levels;however,from this study’s perspective,it cannot reduce patient mortality.

Clinical Analysis of Early Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in the Treatment of Acute Left Heart Failure Complicated with Respiratory Failure

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of early and non-early non-invasive mechanical ventilation(NIV) for acute left heart failure and respiratory failure. Methods 29 cases of patients with acute left heart failure and respiratory failure treated by NIV were selected from our department from August 2016 to March 2019. According to the time of initiation of noninvasive mechanical ventilation, the patients were divided into the early treatment group(group A, treatment with NIV immediately after admission, n=15) and the non-early treatment group(group B, treatment with NIV for 2 h after admission, n=14), the improvement time, mechanical ventilation time, effective rate, intubation rate and fatality rate were compared between the two groups. Results The improvement time of patients in group A was(4.8±2.5) hours, the time of mechanical ventilation was(9.6±3.2) hours, the improvement time of group B was(6.8±2.6) hours, and the time of mechanical ventilation(12.8±4.4) hours. There were significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05). In group A, 13 patients were cured, 2 patients were intubated, 1 patient died, 10 patients in group B were cured, 4 patients were intubated, and 2 patients died. The difference in cure rate, intubation rate and mortality was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The treatment of acute left heart failure and respiratory failure is effective, and early application can improve the cure rate, reduce intubation and mortality.

Respiratory evaluation of patients requiring ventilator support due to acute respiratory failure

This review, based on relevant published evidence and the authors` clinical experience, presents how to evaluate a patient with acute respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support. This patient must be carefully evaluated by nurses, physiotherapists, respiratory care practitioners and physicians regarding the elucidation of the cause of the acute episode of respiratory failure by means of physical examination with the measurement of respiratory parameters and assessment of arterial blood gases analysis to make a correct respiratory diagnosis. After the initial evaluation, the patient must quickly receive adequate oxygen and ventilatory support that has to be carefully monitored until its discontinuation. When available, a noninvasive ventilation trial must be done in patients presenting desaturation during oxygen mask and or PaCO2 retention, especially in cases of cardiogenic pulmonary edema and severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In cases of noninvasive ventilation trial-failure, endotracheal intubation and invasive protective mechanical ventilation must be promptly initiated. In severe ARDS patients, low tidal ventilation, higher PEEP levels, prone positioning and recruitment maneuvers with adequate PEEP titration should be used. Recently, new modes of ventilation should allow a better patient-ventilator interaction or synchrony permitting a sufficient unloading of respiratory muscles and increase patient comfort. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be considered for a trial for early extubation to noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in centers with extensive experience in noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.

A Patient with End-stage Respiratory Failure Gets Recovery from Mechanical Ventilation by Utilization of Chinese Traditional Medicine

Ventilator-assisted ventilation and lung transplantation are the final treatments for the patients with end-stage respiratory failure.A patient,who has been diagnosed as end-stage respiratory failure and received tracheal intubation with mechanical ventilation,received the treatment of Chinese herbal medicine on the principle of TCM and got some recovery gradually.After two months,the patient got rid of mechanical ventilation successfully.This case implies that TCM will be an alternative treatment for the patients with the similar conditions.

Clinical evaluation of ventilation mode on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with respiratory failure

BACKGROUND At present,understanding of the most effective ventilation methods for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients experiencing acute worsening symptoms and respiratory failure remains relatively limited.This report analyzed the efficiency and side effects of various ventilation techniques used for individuals experiencing an acute COPD exacerbation.AIM To determine whether pressure-controlled ventilation(PCV)can lower peak airway pressures(PAPs)and reduce the incidence of barotrauma compared to volume-controlled ventilation(VCV),without compromising clinical outcomes and oxygenation parameters.METHODS We have evaluated 600 patients who were hospitalized due to a severe COPD exacerbation,with 400 receiving mechanical ventilation for the respiratory failure.The participants were divided into two different groups,who were administered either VCV or PCV,along with appropriate management.We thereafter observed patients'attributes,clinical factors,and laboratory,radiographic,and arterial blood gas evaluations at the start and during their stay in the intensive care unit(ICU).We have also employed appropriate statistical methods for the data analysis.RESULTS Both the VCV and PCV groups experienced significant enhancements in the respiratory rate,tidal volume,and arterial blood gas values during their time in the ICU.However,no significant distinctions were detected between the groups in terms of oxygenation indices(partial pressures of oxygen/raction of inspired oxygen ratio)and partial pressures of carbon dioxide improvements.There was no considerable disparity observed between the VCV and PCV groups in the hospital mortality(32%vs 28%,P=0.53),the number of days of ICU stay[median interquartile range(IQR):9(6-14)d vs 8(5-13)d,P=0.41],or the duration of the mechanical ventilation[median(IQR):6(4-10)d vs 5(3-9)d,P=0.47].The PCV group displayed lower PAPs compared to the VCV group(P<0.05)from the beginning of mechanical ventilation until extubation or ICU departure.The occurrence of barotrauma was considerably lower in the PCV group in comparison to the VCV group(6%vs 16%,P=0.03).CONCLUSION Both VCV and PCV were found to be effective in treating patients with acute COPD exacerbation.However,PCV was associated with lower PAPs and a significant decrease in barotrauma,thus indicating that it might be a safer ventilation method for this group of patients.However,further large-scale study is necessary to confirm these findings and to identify the best ventilation approach for patients experiencing an acute COPD exacerbation.

Effects of diabetic ketoacidosis in the respiratory system

Diabetes affects approximately 30 million persons in the United States. Diabetes ketoacidosis is one of the most serious and acute complications of diabetes. At the time of presentation and during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA), several metabolic and electrolyte derangements can ultimately result in respiratory compromise. Most commonly, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and hypophosphatemia can eventually lead to respiratory muscles failure.Furthermore, tachypnea, hyperpnea and more severely, Kussmaul breathing pattern can develop. Also, hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic pulmonary edema can occur secondary to volume shifts into the extracellular space and secondary to increased permeability of the pulmonary capillaries. The presence of respiratory failure in patients with DKA is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Being familiar with the causes of respiratory compromise in DKA, and how to treat them, may represent better outcomes for patients with DKA.

Sequential non-invasive mechanical ventilation following short-term invasive mechanical ventilation in COPD induced hypercapnic respiratory failure

Objective To estimate the feasibility and the efficacy of early extubation and sequential non-invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with exacerbated hypercapnic respiratory failure.Methods Twenty-two intubated COPD patients with severe hypercapnic respiratory failure due to pulmonary infection (pneumonia or purulent bronchitis) were involved in the study. At the time of pulmonary infection control window (PIC window) appeared, when pulmonary infection had been significantly controlled (resolution of fever and decrease in purulent sputum, radiographic infiltrations, and leukocytosis) after the antibiotic and the comprehensive therapy, the early extubation was conducted and followed by non-invasive MV via facial mask immediately in 11 cases (study group). Other 11 COPD cases with similar clinical characteristics who continuously received invasive MV after PIC window were recruited as control group.Results All patients had similar clinical characteristics and gas exchange before treatment, as well as the initiating time and all indices at the time of the PIC window. For study group and control group, the duration of invasive MV was (7.1±2.9) vs (23.0±14.0) days, respectively, P<0.01. The total duration of ventilatory support was (13±7) vs (23±14) days, respectively, P<0.05. The incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) were 0/11 vs 6/11, respectively, P<0.01. The duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay was (13±7) vs (26±14) days, respectively, P<0.05. Conclusions In COPD patients requiring intubation and MV for pulmonary infection and hypercapnic respiratory failure, early extubation followed by non-invasive MV initiated at the point of PIC window significantly decreases the invasive and total durations of ventilatory support, the risk of VAP, and the duration of ICU stay.

Non-invasive versus invasive mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure in severe acute respiratory syndrome

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome is frequently complicated by respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support.We aimed to compare the efficacy of non-invasive ventilation against invasive mechanical ventilation treating respiratory failure in this disease.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on all respiratory failure patients identified from the Hong Kong Hospital Authority Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Database.Intubation rate,mortality and secondary outcome of a hospital utilizing non-invasive ventilation under standard infection control conditions(NIV Hospita1)were compared against 13 hospitals using solely invasive ventilation(IMV Hospitals).Multiple logistic regression analyses with adjustments for confounding variables were performed to test for association between outcomes and hospital groups.Results Both hospital groups had comparable demographics and clinical profiles,but NIV Hospital(42 patients)had higher lactate dehydrogenase ratio and worse radiographic score on admission and ribavirin-corticosteroid commencement.Compared to IMV Hospitals(451 patients).NIV Hospital had lower adjusted odds ratios for intubation(0.36,95%C10.164-0.791,P=0.011)and death(0.235.95%C10.077-0.716,P=0.O 11),and improved earlier after pulsed steroid rescue.There were no instances of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome among health care workers due to the use of non-invasive ventilation.Conclusion Compared to invasive mechanical ventilation,non-invasive ventilation as initial ventilatory support for acute respiratory failure in the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome appeared to be associated with reduced intubation need and mortality.

Application of fiberoptic bronchscopy in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during sequential weaning of invasive-noninvasive mechanical ventilation

BACKGROUND:Early withdrawal of invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV) followed by noninvasive MV(NIMV) is a new strategy for changing modes of treatment in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD) with acute respiratory failure(ARF).Using pulmonary infection control window(PIC window) as the switch point for transferring from invasive to noninvasive MV,the time for early extubation can be more accurately judged,and therapy efficacy can be improved.This study aimed to prospectively investigate the clinical effectiveness of fiberoptic bronchscopy(FOB) in patients with AECOPD during sequential weaning of invasive-noninvasive MV.METHODS:Since July 2006 to January 2011,106 AECOPD patients with ARF were treated with comprehensive medication and IMV after hospitalization.Patients were randomly divided into two groups according to whether fiberoptic bronchoscope is used(group A,n=54) or not(group B,n=52) during sequential weaning from invasive to noninvasive MV.In group A,for sputum suction and bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL),a fiberoptic bronchoscope was put into the airway from the outside of an endotracheal tube,which was accompanied with uninterrupted use of a ventilator.After achieving PIC window,patients of both groups changed to NIMV mode,and weaned from ventilation.The following listed indices were used to compare between the groups after treatment:1) the occurrence time of PIC,the duration of MV,the length of ICU stay,the success rate of weaning from MV for the first time,the rate of reventilatJon and the occurrence rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP);2) the convenience and safety of FOB manipulation.The results were compared using Student's f test and the Chi-square test.RESULTS:The occurrence time of PIC was(5.01 ±1.49) d,(5.87±1.87) d in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.05);the duration of MV was(6.98±1.84) d,(8.69±2.41) d in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.01);the length of ICU stay was(9.25±1.84) d,(11.10±2.63) d in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.01);the success rate of weaning for the first time was 96.30%,76.92%in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.01);the rate of reventilation was 5.56%,19.23%in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.05);and the occurrence rate of VAP was 3.70%,23.07%in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.01).Moreover,it was easy and safe to manipulate FOB,and no side effect was observed.CONCLUSIONS:The application of FOB in patients with AECOPD during sequential weaning of invasive-noninvasive MV is effective in ICU.It can decrease the duration of MV and the length of ICU stay,increase the success rate from weaning MV for the first time,reduce the rate of reventilation and the occurrence rate of VAP.In addition,such a method is convenient and safe in patients of this kind.

Treatment of respiratory failure in metastatic pulmonary choriocarcinoma： an experience at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China

Background Respiratory failure caused by metastatic pulmonary choriocarcinoma usually develops rapidly and is associated with a high mortality. The clinical management strategy is important in choriocarcinoma patients with acute respiratory failure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment outcome and potential risk factors in patients with acute respiratory failure from metastatic pulmonary choriocarcinoma. Methods Sixteen patients with acute respiratory failure from pulmonary metastases choriocarcinoma were enrolled and treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1995 to 2010. Clinical characteristics, causes of pulmonary failure, treatment profiles and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. Results The presence of respiratory infection or hemorrhage was associated with acute respiratory failure in patients with metastatic choriocarcinoma. Fifteen （93.8%） patients presented with pulmonary infection, 8 （50.0%） patients with pulmonary hemorrhage. All patients were treated with face mask or mechanical ventilation. Fourteen （87.5%） patients received initial chemotherapy at a low dosage or with modified regimens, with a median of 2 cycles （range 1 to 4）. Seven patients achieved a complete remission （CR）, two had a partial remission. Six CR patients remained alive with a median follow-up of 59 months （range 16 to 120）. Seven patients developed progressive diseases and subsequently died. Conclusions Respiratory infection and hemorrhage were associated with acute respiratory failure in metastatic pulmonary choriocarcinoma. The initial administration of gentle chemotherapy regimens, accompanied with mechanical ventilation, is feasible and effective in attenuatina resDiratorv failure in patients with metastatic oulmonarv choriocarcinoma.

Oxygenation strategy during acute respiratory failure in immunocompromised patients

Acute respiratory failure(ARF)in immunocompromised patients remains challenging to treat.A large number of case require admission to intensive care unit(ICU)where mortality remains high.Oxygenation without intubation is important in this setting.This review summarizes recent studies assessing oxygenation devices for immunocompromised patients.Previous studies showed that non-invasive ventilation(NIV)has been associated with lower intubation and mortality rates.Indeed,in recent years,the outcomes of immunocompromised patients admitted to the ICU have improved.In the most recent randomized controlled trials,including immunocompromised patients admitted to the ICU with ARF,neither NIV nor high-flow nasal oxygen(HFNO)could reduce the mortality rate.In this setting,other strategies need to be tested to decrease the mortality rate.Early admission strategy and avoiding late failure of oxygenation strategy have been assessed in retrospective studies.However,objective criteria are still lacking to clearly discriminate time to admission or time to intubation.Also,diagnosis strategy may have an impact on intubation or mortality rates.On the other hand,lack of diagnosis has been associated with a higher mortality rate.In conclusion,improving outcomes in immunocompromised patients with ARF may include strategies other than the oxygenation strategy alone.This review discusses other unresolved questions to decrease mortality after ICU admission in such patients.

Clinical profile of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients:A retrospective observational study from Dubai

Background:We did a retrospective analysis of critical coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients admitted to our intensive care unit(ICU).The objective was to evaluate the outcome,risk factors and effect of prone position in critically ill patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV).Patients and methods:The data were collected regarding demographics,comorbidities,laboratory parameters and treatment.Logistic regression was used for analysis of the association of risk factors to the outcome.Results:From 15 March to 30 May 2020,35(59.3%)out of 59 critical COVID-19 requiring IMV were admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Dubai.The day-28 ICU mortality was 28.8% and 48.6% in patients requiring IMV.Prone position(PP)was used in 17(48.6%)patients for median duration of 19(5-20)hours with significant PaO_(2)/FiO_(2) improvement.Acute kidney injury was common(30.5%),and half of the patients required renal replacement therapy(RRT)with higher mortality(77.8%).Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)odd ratio(OR)-1.006[95%CI-1.00-1.01],D-dimer(OR-1.003[1.000-1.000]),low total leucocyte count(OR-1.135[1.01-1.28]),and lymphopenia(OR-0.909[0.84-0.98])were independently associated with increased risk of IMV.Conclusions:IMV requirement in patients with COVID-19 is associated with higher mortality.Inflammatory markers like LDH,D-dimer,and lymphopenia can be used to predict the prognosis.The patients with COVID-19 on IMV respond significantly with prone position,and it should be considered early with a longer duration.

苏子降气汤结合机械通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴呼吸衰竭临床研究

目的:观察苏子降气汤结合机械通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴呼吸衰竭的临床疗效。方法:选择82例慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各41例。在支持治疗的基础上,对照组给予机械通气治疗,观察组给予苏子降气汤结合机械通气治疗。评价2组临床疗效,比较2组治疗前后生命体征、肺功能指标及炎症因子水平。结果:观察组总有效率为97.56%,高于对照组85.37%(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组呼吸频率、心率较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组体温、呼吸频率、心率低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV_(1)/FVC较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且观察组FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组降钙素原(PCT)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)水平较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组PCT、TNF-α、IL-4水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:苏子降气汤结合机械通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴呼吸衰竭患者,可提高临床疗效,改善患者生命体征,提高肺功能,缓解炎症反应。

有创机械通气对ICU重症心力衰竭患者呼吸循环功能及心功能的影响

目的:探讨有创机械通气在ICU重症心力衰竭(HF)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年6月—2022年6月河南省永城市人民医院收治的86例重症HF患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各43例。对照组患者给予常规药物治疗,观察组患者在对照组的基础上加用有创机械通气治疗,均于治疗7 d后进行评价。比较两组患者呼吸循环功能、神经内分泌因子水平、心功能及不良心血管事件情况。结果:治疗后,观察组患者动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、氧合指数(OI)高于对照组,二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、呼吸频率(RR)较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(t=3.685、5.912、5.854、4.972,P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者醛固酮(ALD)、心房钠尿肽(ANP)水平低于对照组,皮质醇(COR)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.303、4.590、4.418,P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者左室射血分数(LVEF)高于对照组,左室收缩末内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、血管阻力(SVR)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.384、6.772、6.272、4.439,P<0.05);观察组患者不良心血管事件较对照组少,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.441,P<0.05)。结论:有创机械通气可改善ICU重症HF患者呼吸循环功能,纠正神经内分泌因子紊乱,加快心功能恢复,减少不良心血管事件发生。

序贯机械通气在重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭中的应用及对患者血流动力学的影响

目的探讨序贯机械通气在重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭中的应用及对患者血流动力学的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2022年3月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第967医院收治的78例重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同分为对照组与研究组,每组39例。对照组行常规有创机械通气,研究组行序贯机械通气,比较两组机械通气治疗相关指标、住院时间、血气指标、炎症因子水平、心肌损伤指标、血流动力学指标及并发症发生情况。结果研究组有创通气时间、机械通气总时间及住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、碳酸氢根(HCO3-)水平均高于治疗前,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平均低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组氨基末端脑钠尿肽(NT-proBNP)水平及研究组肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)水平均低于治疗前,对照组cTnI水平高于治疗前,且研究组cTnI、NT-proBNP水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)均慢于治疗前,收缩压(SBP)均低于治疗前,且研究组HR、RR均慢于对照组,SBP低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论序贯机械通气治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭疗效显著,可缩短住院时间,有效改善患者炎症反应、心肌损伤指标及血流动力学指标,且安全性较高。

机械通气对ICU重症心力衰竭患者呼吸循环及心功能的影响

目的探讨机械通气在重症监护室(ICU)重症心力衰竭临床治疗中的应用效果,结合患者的呼吸循环及心功能恢复情况进行评价。方法选取我院2020年2月至2023年6月收治的ICU重症心力衰竭患者84例作为研究对象,随机分为观察组(机械通气+常规治疗)和对照组(常规治疗)各42例,对比两组患者的呼吸循环功能、心功能及并发症发生情况。结果治疗后,观察组呼吸频率、PaCO_(2)低于对照组,氧合指数、PaO_(2)高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组LVEF高于对照组,LVESV、LVEDV、NT-proBNP、CK-MB低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组(4.8%vs.21.4%,P=0.024)。结论在ICU重症心力衰竭患者的临床治疗中,实施机械通气治疗,在改善呼吸循环、促进心功能恢复等方面具有良好的效果。

俯卧位机械通气对重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者血气分析指标及疾病好转情况的影响

目的探究俯卧位机械通气对重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者血气分析指标及疾病好转情况的影响。方法选取2018年6月至2021年6月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六七医院接诊的82例重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,按照随机抽签法分为对照组与观察组,每组41例。两组均行常规对症治疗,对照组辅以仰卧位机械通气,观察组辅以俯卧位机械通气。比较两组疾病好转率、干预前后血气指标、机械通气时间及住院时间、并发症发生情况及干预前后急性生理学和慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分。结果干预7 d后,观察组疾病好转率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预7 d后,两组血液pH、血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))水平均高于干预前,动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))均低于干预前,且观察组血液pH、SaO_(2)、PaO_(2)高于对照组,PaCO_(2)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组机械通气时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义。干预7 d后,两组APACHE-Ⅱ评分均低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论俯卧位机械通气可提高重症肺炎呼吸衰竭患者疾病好转率,减轻病情严重程度,改善血气指标,缩短机械通气时间、住院时间,使其早日康复出院。

危重症专职护理联合改良式体位管理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病呼吸衰竭机械通气患者中的应用

目的探讨危重症专职护理联合改良式体位管理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病呼吸衰竭(RF)机械通气(MV)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月九江市第一人民医院收治的61例慢性阻塞性肺疾病RF患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(30例)和观察组(31例)。对照组患者采用危重症专职护理,观察组患者采用危重症专职护理联合改良式体位管理。比较两组患者的心功能、血气指标、临床指标、并发症发生率和呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)发生率。结果两组患者护理前的左室射血分数(LVEF)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组护理后的LVEF、FEV1、PaO_(2)均高于本组护理前,PaCO_(2)均低于本组护理前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后的LVEF、FEV1、PaO_(2)均高于对照组,PaCO_(2)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的机械通气时间、ICU入住时间和住院时间均短于对照组,VAP发生率和并发症发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在行MV治疗的慢性阻塞性肺疾病RF患者中应用危重症专职护理联合改良式体位管理可改善心功能及血气指标,缩短机械通气、ICU入住及住院时间,降低并发症及VAP发生率,值得推广。

有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的效果

目的:分析有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的效果。方法:选取2021年10月—2023年3月江门市中心医院收治的重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者66例为研究对象,通过随机编号抽签分为对照组和试验组,各33例。对照组采取有创机械通气治疗,试验组采取有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗。比较两组血气指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))]、炎性指标[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]、总机械通气时间、首次脱机成功率。结果:脱机后24、48h,试验组PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)水平与脱机前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脱机后24、48h,对照组PaO_(2)水平低于脱机前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);脱机后48h,对照组PaCO_(2)水平高于脱机前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脱机后72h,两组IL-6、CRP水平降低,试验组IL-6、CRP水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组总机械通气时间短于对照组,首次脱机成功率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的效果较好,能有效改善患者的血氧状态,减轻炎性反应,缩短机械通气时间,提高脱机成功率。

有创-无创序贯机械通气用于重症呼吸衰竭中的效果研究

目的探究对重症呼吸衰竭患者实施有创-无创序贯机械通气的效果。方法86例重症呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组及观察组,每组43例。对照组实施传统有创机械通气治疗,观察组实施有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗。对比两组患者治疗前后的血气分析指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))]及肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气峰流速(PEF)]水平,治疗时间(有创通气时间、总机械通气时间)和住院时间,治疗后的应激反应指标[去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(ATⅡ)]、生命体征(心率、呼吸频率),撤机成功率、再次插管率、呼吸机相关肺炎发生率。结果两组患者治疗后的PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)高于本组治疗前,PaCO_(2)低于本组治疗前,且观察组的PaO_(2)(73.03±5.35)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、SaO_(2)(92.46±4.60)%高于对照组的(66.24±4.97)mm Hg、(85.18±3.79)%,PaCO_(2)(41.09±0.54)mm Hg低于对照组的(44.98±0.63)mm Hg(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后的FEV1、FVC、PEF高于本组治疗前,且观察组的FEV1(3.21±0.34)L、FVC(3.89±0.29)L、PEF(3.35±0.60)L/s高于对照组的(2.29±0.24)L、(2.74±0.21)L、(2.90±0.71)L/s(P<0.05)。观察组有创通气时间、总机械通气时间、住院时间分别为(6.07±1.21)、(8.70±1.53)、(12.33±1.82)d,比对照组的(11.46±1.77)、(11.46±1.77)、(18.64±2.35)d更短(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后应激反应指标NE、E、ATⅡ水平分别为(122.80±17.92)ng/ml、(94.52±8.52)ng/ml、(31.05±2.98)pg/ml,比对照组的(209.59±21.06)ng/ml、(164.45±11.67)ng/ml、(55.69±4.13)pg/ml更低(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后心率为(88.21±4.87)次/min、呼吸频率为(15.98±0.81)次/min,低于对照组的(95.70±6.13)、(19.59±1.25)次/min(P<0.05)。观察组撤机成功率93.02%(40/43)高于对照组的72.09%(31/43),再次插管率2.33%(1/43)、呼吸机相关肺炎发生率4.65%(2/43)低于对照组的18.60%(8/43)、20.93%(9/43)(P<0.05)。结论在重症呼吸衰竭患者治疗中,行有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗疗效确切,有助于加快患者病情康复速度,促进患者血气分析指标、肺功能改善,减轻患者应激反应,提升撤机成功率,降低呼吸机相关肺炎发生风险,推广可行性较高。