From Control to Empowerment:A Paradigm Shift in the Discourse of Educational Supervision

As educational reforms intensify and societal emphasis shifts towards empowerment,the traditional discourse paradigm of management and control in educational supervision faces growing challenges.This paper explores the transformation of this discourse paradigm through the lens of empowerment,analyzing its distinct characteristics,potential pathways,and effective strategies.This paper begins by reviewing the concept of empowerment and examining the current research landscape surrounding the discourse paradigm in educational supervision.Subsequently,we conduct a comparative analysis of the“control”and“empowerment”paradigms,highlighting their essential differences.This analysis illuminates the key characteristics of an empowerment-oriented approach to educational supervision,particularly its emphasis on dialogue,collaboration,participation,and,crucially,empowerment itself.Ultimately,this research advocates for a shift in educational supervision towards an empowerment-oriented discourse system.This entails a multi-pronged approach:transforming ingrained beliefs,embracing renewed pedagogical concepts,fostering methodological innovation,and optimizing existing mechanisms and strategies within educational supervision.These changes are proposed to facilitate the more effective alignment of educational supervision with the pursuit of high-quality education.

Study on Independent Supervision Function of Design Assurance System

The effective operation of a design assurance system cannot be achieved without the effective performance of the independent supervision function.As one of the core functions of the design assurance system,the purpose of the independent supervision function is to ensure that the system operates within the scope of procedures and manuals.At present,the function of independent supervision is a difficult and confusing issue for various original equipment manufacturers as well as suppliers,and there is an urgent requirement to put forward relevant requirements and form relevant methods.Based on the above mentioned objective,the basic requirements of the independent supervision function of design assurance system were studied,the problems and deficiencies in the organization,staffing,and methods existing in the current independent supervision function were analyzed,the improvement suggestions and measures for the performance of the independent supervision function from the aspects of the organization,staffing,procedures,and suppliers were put forward.The present work and conclusions provide guidance and direction for the effective operation of the design assurance system.

修改《监察法》的原理、原则与建言

与时俱进修改《监察法》,蕴含着具有“发生学”意义的政理、哲理和法理。其政理为“保持自我革命引领社会革命高度自觉”,其哲理为“党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争永远在路上”,其法理为“以良法引领推进腐败治理能力现代化”。修改《监察法》的基本原则,应坚持以政治为统领、以人民为本位、以问题为导向、以系统为理路。新修《监察法》充分吸收了学术界研究成果和实务部门探索出的成功经验,体现了惩治腐败与保障人权相结合、程序公正与实体公正并重的法治原则,增强了监察全覆盖的有效性和反腐败工作的实效性。其进一步完善可通过未来修改《监察法实施条例》的方式,从党的领导、纪监一体、监司衔接、行贿惩治等方面入手。

省级监察委员会立法权问题的法治省思

伴随着国家监察体制改革持续向纵深推进,在国家监察委员会已然获得监察法规制定权的背景下,是否应当赋予省级监察委员会以监察规章制定权便成为一个亟待回应的理论和实践问题,且形成了“肯定论”和“否定论”两种不同的观点。立法权限的转移、立法效率的考量、观照地方实际、立法中的“配备”惯例、监察机关系统纵向上的领导关系、纪检监察联合发文的需要等支持理由,为主张省级监察委员会应当享有监察规章制定权的观点提供了充分论证。赋予省级监察委员会以监察规章制定权,具有理论、制度和实践上的正当性。基于监察法治原理,赋予省级监察委员会以监察规章制定权,既需要从实体层面提供解决方案,又需要从程序层面进行程序设计,还需要构建监察规章的双重备案审查机制,从而确保地方监察工作在法治轨道上运行。

基于CNN和Transformer交叉教学的半监督医学图像分割

由于医学图像分割领域缺乏高质量的标注数据,半监督学习方法在医学图像语义分割任务中受到高度重视.为了充分利用卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN)和Transformer在半监督学习中的优势,本文提出一种基于CNN与Transformer交叉教学的半监督医学图像分割方法.该方法将经典的深度协同训练从一致性正则化简化为交叉教学,利用循环伪标签方案使两个网络的预测差异转换为无监督损失,以鼓励两个网络具有一致的低熵预测.所提方法在ISIC 2018数据集上进行实验,在采用20%的标注比例时,Dice系数和Jaccard系数分别达到87.25%和79.17%,相比于监督U-Net++的训练结果分别提升了2.89%和3.53%,并且优于目前主流的半监督学习方法,验证了所提方法在半监督医学图像分割上的有效性和泛化性.

Distant Supervision方法中对齐数据的聚类去噪

基于聚类和寻找表达语义关系的句子模式,提出一种基于聚类去噪的distant supervision方法,解决了传统distant supervision方法在知识库和文本集对齐阶段会引入噪声数据的问题,得到了一种改进的distant supervision方法.实验结果表明,该方法可有效提高关系抽取任务的准确率.

基于核主成分分析的半监督日志异常检测模型

对于具有“组异常”和“局部异常”分布特点的系统日志数据,传统的ADOA(anomaly detection with partially observed anomalies)半监督日志异常检测方法存在为无标签数据生成的伪标签准确性不佳的问题.针对此问题,提出一种改进的半监督日志异常检测模型.对已知异常样本采用k均值聚类,采用核主成分分析计算无标签样本的重构误差;运用重构误差和异常样本相似分计算出样本的综合异常分,作为其伪标签;依据伪标签计算LightGBM分类器的样本权重,训练异常检测模型.通过参数试验探究了训练集样本比例变化对模型性能的影响.在HDFS和BGL这2个公开数据集上进行试验,结果表明该模型能够提高伪标签的准确性,相较于DeepLog、LogAnomaly、LogCluster、PCA和PLELog等已有模型,精确率和F 1分数均有提升.与传统的ADOA异常检测方法相比,该模型F 1分数在2类数据集上分别提高了0.084和0.085.

Key Points in the Supervision of Road Landscaping Project——A Case Study of the South 3^(rd) Ring Road in Yanta District of Xi'an City,China

Characteristics of road landscaping were analyzed,as a kind of "linear" landscaping,it could be classified into urban street landscaping,urban ring road and expressway landscaping.Differences between road landscaping projects and other garden landscaping projects or construction projects were analyzed.Landscaping project for the South 3rd Ring Road of Xi'an City(in Yanta District)was taken for an example to summarize construction experience,discuss present conditions and features of garden landscaping supervision in China.The artistic and physiological properties of garden landscaping,as well as the supervision during maintenance period were stressed,but it was also pointed out that garden landscaping supervision in China was actually not given sufficient attention.On this basis,key points in the supervision of road landscaping project were proposed:understanding design ideas,selection of landscape plants,quality control of concealed works,prevention and control of diseases and insects,construction safety management and overall image;only by effectively implementing these key points,a high-quality road landscaping project could be realized to improve the image of a city and beautify its environment.

基于OBE理念背景下民办高校教学督导工作实践路径探析

通过对OBE理念进行概述,明确其定义与内涵,并分析其在教育领域的广泛应用。深入分析了当前民办高校教学督导工作的现状,指出了存在的问题,并借鉴OBE理念提出了改进民办高校教学督导工作的实践路径。

网络威胁技战术情报识别提取生成式技术研究

MITREATT&CK定义了网络攻击全过程14类战术625类技术,逐步成为网络威胁技战术情报(TTP)的事实标准,现有研究基于此分类将TTP识别提取问题转化为句子级别的战、技术类别多分类任务,利用深度学习、基于提示工程的大语言模型进行问题研究。但限于数据集小样本类别占比大、多分类模型性能瓶颈问题,类别识别覆盖率与精度较低。提出结合ChatGPT数据增强和指令监督微调大语言模型的方法,较好地解决了句子级别技术类别多分类问题。ChatGPT数据增强方法在保留原始样本语义基础上更好地丰富了样本多样性,为小样本学习高性能识别提供了高质量训练数据支撑,实验结果也证明了本数据增强方法的优越性;指令监督微调大语言模型,突破了深度学习多分类模型的性能瓶颈,实现625类技术类别识别全覆盖,Precision、Recall和F1值分别达到了86.2%、89.9%和88.0%,优于已有研究。

内部控制对会计信息质量的影响

本文针对企业发展过程中存在的内部控制效率不高、企业会计信息质量低下等问题提出改善内部控制环境、建立健全风险评估机制、进一步完善内部控制活动、加强信息和沟通的通畅性、提高内外部监督等措施,从而提高企业会计信息质量,促进企业更好发展。

结合图神经网络和图对比学习的半监督多图分类

多图(multi-graph,MG)是一种图袋表示模型,半监督多图分类旨在从有标记和未标记的多图中构建一个预测模型,通过高准确度预测未标记多图,在用户产品推荐、生物制药等领域有着广泛应用。现有基于机器学习的半监督多图分类主要存在两点不足:(1)不能进行全自动的特征选择,过于依赖参数选择。(2)对未标记多图数据的价值未充分挖掘。因此,提出一种结合图神经网络和图对比学习的半监督多图分类方法(graph neural network combining with graph contrastive learning for semi-supervised multi-graph classification,GCSS)。一方面,分别设计从局部和全局提取特征信息的模块,并引入NN协同器(neural networks collaborator,NN collaborator)完成这两个模块的协作,自适应学习数据的特征表示进行训练;另一方面,采用图对比学习(graph contrastive learning,GCL)和半监督学习(semi-supervised learning,SSL)从两个不同学习视角来充分利用未标记多图数据,降低模型对标签等的依赖。在真实数据集上的大量实验结果验证了所提出方法的预测性能均优于基线方法。

基于深度学习的校园交通监管系统

针对校园内机动车辆管理混乱和违章行为频发的问题,设计了一个基于YOLOv5和CRNN模型的混合式车辆监控系统。该系统利用YOLOv5目标检测算法和CRNN车牌识别技术,能有效识别超速和违停等违章行为并自动发出预警,实现了对校园车辆的精确检测与管理。在不同校园场景下进行的实验结果表明,本文模型的车辆检测精准率较YOLOv3提高了3.39%,召回率和mAP较其他几种模型也均有显著提升。该监控系统在校园环境中具有较高的应用价值,不仅能够提升校园交通的安全性和管理效率,也能为智能交通系统的发展提供新的技术支持和实践案例。

Problems of Rural Food Safety and Strategies of Constructing Supervision System

This paper expounds the practical necessity of constructing diversified rural food safety supervision system as follows: it is the necessary requirements of guaranteeing people's health and life safety; it is an important component of governmental function of social management and the logical extension of administrative responsibilities; it is the basis of maintaining order of rural society and constructing harmonious society. The main problems existing in the supervision of rural food safety are analyzed as follows: first, the legislative work of rural food safety lags behind to some extent; second, the supervision of governmental departments on rural food safety is insufficient; third, the industrial supervision mechanism of rural food security is not perfect; fourth, the role of rural social organizations in supervising food safety is limited; fifth, the farmers' awareness of food safety supervision is not strong. Based on these problems, the targeted strategies of constructing diversified rural food safety supervision system are put forward as follows: accelerate the legislation of rural food safety, and ensure that there are laws to go by; give play to the dominant role of government, and strengthen administrative supervision on rural food safety; perfect industrial convention of rural food safety, and improve industrial supervision mechanism; actively support the fostering of social organizations, and give play to the role of supervision of organizations; cultivate correct concept of rights and obligations of farmers, and form awareness of food safety supervision.

Research on effectiveness of coal mine safety supervision system reform on three types of collieries in China

Coal mine safety supervision system plays an important role in the coal mine safety management in China.However,the current supervision system is established on the basis of learning the advanced experience from other developed countries.It needs to be further improved according to national conditions.Therefore,the effectiveness of coal mine safety supervision system reform on three types of collieries are assessed by using time series analysis method based on comparative analysis of the supervision system before and after the reform in this paper.The regression results show that the structural reform is not conductive to the improvement of coal mine safety situation in the short term,but conductive significantly in the long term.Specifically,the effects in township coal mines are more significant than stateowned key coal mines in the long run,but negative effects also exist in the short term.The negative effects in state-owned key coal mines are non-significant compared with township coal mines.Moreover,the regression results are analyzed from the aspects of the closure policy of illegal small township coal mines at the end of 1998 and shortage of the new supervision system.Finally,the suggestions on improving the new supervision system are put forward based on the above analysis.

基于主题模型的中文Distant Supervision噪声标注识别方法

针对Distant Supervision关系抽取方法训练语料存在大量噪声的问题,提出一种基于主题模型的噪声标注识别方法。该方法首先分析了中文Distant Supervision实体关系抽取方法面临的关系句子实例结构复杂的问题,然后利用自定义的模式以及模式聚类实现模式表示与聚合,最后使用主题模型识别噪声标注。实验结果表明,文章方法能有效识别噪声标注,用滤除噪声标注后的数据训练实体关系抽取模型,实验证明经过噪声滤除后实体关系抽取性能得到显著改善。

Online Supervision of Penicillin Cultivations Based on Rolling MPCA

To reduce the variations of the production process in penicillin cultivations, a rolling multivariate statis-tical approach based on multiway principle component analysis (MPCA) is developed and used for fault diagnosis of penicillin cultivations. Using the moving data windows technique, the static MPCA is extended for use in dy-namic process performance monitoring. The control chart is set up using the historical data collected from the past successful batches, thereby resulting in simplification of monitoring charts, easy tracking of the progress in each batch run, and monitoring the occurrence of the observable upsets. Data from the commercial-scale penicillin fer-mentation process are used to develop the rolling model. Using this method, faults are detected in real time and the corresponding measurements of these faults are directly made through inspection of a few simple plots (t-chart, SPE-chart, and T2-chart). Thus, the present methodology allows the process operator to actively monitor the data from several cultivations simultaneously.

Research on the Status Quo and Supervision Mechanism of Food Safety in China

Food safety supervision mechanism is a strong guarantee to promote the smooth implementation of China's food safety laws and regulations,and it is implemented through legal,administrative,economic,moral and other integrated policy instruments,as well as media publicity,quality traceability,network tracking,information disclosure and other non-administrative means. Along with strengthening supervision and control means,the people's food safety in China is safeguarded,and the healthy development of the food industry is promoted.

Optimization of Safety Production Supervision Mode of Coalmining Enterprises

In view of the fact that safety production supervision of coal mines in China features low efficacy, this paper applies principles of cybernetics to simulate the dynamic process of safety supervision, and proposes that institutional variables be controlled to support intermediate goals, which in turn contribute to the ultimate safety production objective. Rather than focusing all attention on safety issues of working faces, supervising departments of coalmines are advised to pay much more attention to institutional factors that may impact people’s attitude and behavior, which are responsible for most coalmine accidents. It is believed that such a shift of attention can effectively reduce coalmining production accidents and greatly enhance supervision efficacy.

To supervise or to self‑supervise:a machine learning based comparison on credit supervision

This study investigates the need for credit supervision as conducted by on-site banking supervisors.It builds on a real bank on-site credit examination to compare the performance of a hypothetical self-supervision approach,in which banks themselves assess their loan portfolios without external intervention,with the on-site banking supervision approach of the Central Bank of Brazil.The experiment develops two machine learning classification models:the first model is based on good and bad ratings informed by banks,and the second model is based on past on-site credit portfolio examinations conducted by banking supervision.The findings show that the overall performance of the on-site supervision approach is consistently higher than the performance of the self-supervision approach,justifying the need for on-site credit portfolio examination as conducted by the Central Bank.