Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of breast cancer based on “Binding of Phlegm and Stasis”

Breast cancer is a common malignancy in female,which seriously endangers women’s health.Chinese medicine believed that the incidence of breast cancer is related to“Stagnation of Liver-Qi”and“Phlegm,Disharmony of Thoroughfare and Conception Vessels”,“Stagnation of Qi and Blood Stasis”,constitution and other characteristics.Modern research believed that phlegm is related to abnormal energy metabolism of tumor cells,and stasis is the pathological change of tumor angiogenesis.How to combine tumor angiogenesis and energy replacement abnormality with the theory of“Binding of Phlegm and Stasis”has become a new direction of traditional Chinese medicine anti-tumor research.The drugs of“Activating Blood Circulation”and“Removing Blood Stasis”,“Resolving Phlegm”and“Dispersing Constipation”have a wide range of pharmacological effects and definite curative effect.They have the functions of anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,anti-pathogenic microorganism and improving the immune ability of the body.In this paper,the effects and mechanisms of phlegm-reducing and stasis dispersing active ingredients and compound preparations in regulating angiogenesis and energy metabolism of breast cancer were reviewed,and the differences in efficacy,targets and pathways of Phlegm-Reducing and Stasis Dispersing drugs were summarized,so as to provide some reference for the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine for breast cancer.

Meta Analysis of the Efficacy of Nonpharmaceutical Chinese Medicine Therapy in the Treatment of Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effects of acupuncture,auricular point sticking,acupoint catgut embedding,cupping and other non-pharmaceutical Chinese medicine therapies on sex hormone as well as glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with obese polycystic ovary syndrome.Method:The databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched by computer to collect the literature on the treatment of obese polycystic by non-pharmaceutical Chinese medicine therapy combined with western medicine or lifestyle change,and the literature quality of the included literature was evaluated,and finally the data were analyzed.A total of 15 randomized controlled trial(RCT)literature were included in this study,with a total of 1263 patients.Results:Non-pharmaceutical Chinese medicine therapy combined with metformin or lifestyle can reduce body mass index,insulin resistance index,fasting plasma insulin,fasting blood glucose,luteinizing hormone,ratio of luteinizing hormone to follicle stimulating hormone,testosterone,but it has no obvious advantage over follicle stimulating hormone(FSH).Conclusion:Compared with simple application of metformin or lifestyle change,traditional Chinese medicine non drug therapy combined with metformin or lifestyle change can better improve sex hormone and blood glucose metabolism in obese PCOS patients.

Correlation of Metabolism, Metabolomics, and Metabonomics

In this issue,CHM published two reviews on drug metabolism of Chinese herbal medicines.Three key words have been found,they are metabolism,metabolomics,and metabonomics.As we known,drug metabolism is the biochemical modification of pharmaceutical substances respectively by living organisms through specialized enzymatic systems,

Protective Effects of Chaihu Shugan San(柴胡疏肝散) on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats with Insulin Resistance

Objective： To investigate the protective effects of Chinese medicine formulation Chaihu Shugan San（柴胡疏肝散, CHSGS） on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD） in rats with insulin resistance（IR） and its molecular mechanisms. Methods： Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups： the control group, the model group, Dongbao Gantai group（东宝肝泰, DBGT, 0.09 g methionine/kg）, CHSGS high-dose group（CHSG-H, 12.6 g crude drug/kg）, CHSGS medium-dose group（CHSG-M, 6.3 g crude drug/kg）, and CHSGS low-dose group（CHSG-L, 3.15 g crude drug/kg）. After establishing the NAFLD rat model and treatment for 8 weeks, total cholesterol（TC）, triglyceride（TG）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）, free fatty acid（FFA）, fasting blood glucose（FBG）, fasting insulin（FINS） contents in blood serum, and TC, TG contents in the hepatic homogenate were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer, and a homeostasis model assessment was applied to assess the status of IR, insulin sensitivity index（ISI）, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin secretion（HOMA-IS）. The expression levels of adiponectin and leptin mRNA in liver tissue were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Pathological changes of livers were observed by hematoxylineosin staining of paraffin section. Results： Compared with the model group, the serum levels of TC, TG, FFA, FBG, FINS, IRI, ISI, and the liver levels of TC and TG in CHSG-H, CHSG-M, CHSG-L groups showed significant declines（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）; the serum levels of HDL-C, HOMA-IS were significantly increased（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）; the expression of leptin mRNA was dramatically decreased and the expression of adiponectin mRNA was increased in the hepatic tissue（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. The fatty deposition of liver cells could also be alleviated. Conclusion： CHSGS could up-regulate the expression of adiponectin mRNA and down-regulate the expression of leptin mRNA on the liver, suggesting the CHSGS had positive therapeutic effect on NAFLD in rats with IR.