Based on the primitive equation model with p- σ incorporated coordinate system originally developed by Qian et al., a one-way nested fine mesh limited area model is developed. This model is nested with ECMWF T42 data...Based on the primitive equation model with p- σ incorporated coordinate system originally developed by Qian et al., a one-way nested fine mesh limited area model is developed. This model is nested with ECMWF T42 data to simulate the extra-intensive rainfall event occurring in the Changjiang and Huaihe River valleys in summer of 1991. The results show that the model has certain capacity to fairly reproduce the regional distribution and the movement of the main rainfall belts. Therefore it can be used as a regional climate model to simulate and predict the short-range regional climate changes.展开更多
An ensemble prediction system based on the GRAPES model, using multi-physics, is used to discuss the influence of different physical processes in numerical models on forecast of heavy rainfall in South China in the an...An ensemble prediction system based on the GRAPES model, using multi-physics, is used to discuss the influence of different physical processes in numerical models on forecast of heavy rainfall in South China in the annually first raining season(AFRS). Pattern, magnitude and area of precipitation, evolution of synoptic situation, as well as apparent heat source and apparent moisture sink between different ensemble members are comparatively analyzed. The choice of parameterization scheme for land-surface processes gives rise to the largest influence on the precipitation prediction. The influences of cumulus-convection and cloud-microphysics processes are mainly focused on heavy rainfall;the use of cumulus-convection parameterization tends to produce large-area and light rainfall. Change in parameterization schemes for land-surface and cumulus-convection processes both will cause prominent change in forecast of both dynamic and thermodynamic variables, while change in cloud-microphysics processes show primary impact on dynamic variables. Comparing simplified Arakawa-Schubert and Kain-Fritsch with Betts-Miller-Janjic schemes, SLAB with NOAH schemes, as well as both WRF single moment 6-class and NCEP 3-class with simplified explicit schemes of phase-mixed cloud and precipitation shows that the former predicts stronger low-level jets and high humidity concentration, more convective rainfall and local heavy rainfall, and have better performance in precipitation forecast. Appropriate parameterization schemes can reasonably describe the physical process related to heavy rainfall in South China in the AFRS, such as low-level convergence, latent heat release, vertical transport of heat and water vapor, thereby depicting the multi-scale interactions of low-level jet and meso-scale convective systems in heavy rainfall suitably, and improving the prediction of heavy rainfall in South China in the AFRS as a result.展开更多
为确保发电场正常供应电力,设计短时强降雨天气风电场发电功率预测模型,提升发电功率预测效果。通过欧式距离与角度原则扩充短时强降雨天气小样本;利用改进深度可分离卷积算法,在正常天气样本内,提取气象-功率时空特征,并输入长短期记...为确保发电场正常供应电力,设计短时强降雨天气风电场发电功率预测模型,提升发电功率预测效果。通过欧式距离与角度原则扩充短时强降雨天气小样本;利用改进深度可分离卷积算法,在正常天气样本内,提取气象-功率时空特征,并输入长短期记忆网络内,建立正常天气风电场发电功率基准值预测模型,得到发电功率基准值;在Transformer算法内,输入扩充样本,建立短时强降雨天气下发电功率损失值预测模型;利用基于注意力机制的Sequence to Sequence网络,结合扩样本,构造发电功率损失时间点预判模型,结合损失值预测模型,得到最终发电功率损失值;利用基准值减去损失值,得到短时强降雨天气下风电场发电功率预测结果。实验证明:该模型可有效扩充短时强降雨天气小样本;该方法可精准预判发电功率损失时间点,得到发电功率损失值,完成发电功率预测;不同风速下,该模型发电功率预测的关键失误指数与偏移程度均较低,即发电功率预测精度较高。展开更多
The heavy rainfall in the summer of 1998 over China has been simulated with the NCC Regional Climate Model(RegCM_NCC).It was successful for RegCM_NCC to reproduce the location and seasonal shift of the seasonal rain b...The heavy rainfall in the summer of 1998 over China has been simulated with the NCC Regional Climate Model(RegCM_NCC).It was successful for RegCM_NCC to reproduce the location and seasonal shift of the seasonal rain belt in the summer of 1998 over China.The rainy season in the summer of 1998 over China can be divided into 7 episodes,including the pre-summer rainy season in South China.the Meiyu onset over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin,short appearance of North China rain season and the retreat of seasonal rain belt,the second Meiyu season over the Yangtze River Valley,the rainy period over the Yellow and Huaihe River Valley and the seasonal retreat of rain belt over North China.The shortcoming of the RegCM_NCC is over-estimation of precipitation amounts.The regions with large latent heat flux,upper soil moisture and total runoff are located in the rainy area and move with the simulated rain belt during the different episodes.On the contrary,the regions with small sensible heat flux are located in the simulated rainy area and move with the simulated rain belt during the different episodes.展开更多
文摘Based on the primitive equation model with p- σ incorporated coordinate system originally developed by Qian et al., a one-way nested fine mesh limited area model is developed. This model is nested with ECMWF T42 data to simulate the extra-intensive rainfall event occurring in the Changjiang and Huaihe River valleys in summer of 1991. The results show that the model has certain capacity to fairly reproduce the regional distribution and the movement of the main rainfall belts. Therefore it can be used as a regional climate model to simulate and predict the short-range regional climate changes.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41405104)Specialized Project for Public Welfare Industries(Meteorological Sector)(GYHY201306004)+2 种基金Guangdong Science and Technology Planning Project(2012A061400012)Project of Guangdong Provincial Meteorological Bureau for Science and Technology(2013A04)Science and Technology Plan for the 12th Five-Year of Social and Economic Development(2012BAC22B00)
文摘An ensemble prediction system based on the GRAPES model, using multi-physics, is used to discuss the influence of different physical processes in numerical models on forecast of heavy rainfall in South China in the annually first raining season(AFRS). Pattern, magnitude and area of precipitation, evolution of synoptic situation, as well as apparent heat source and apparent moisture sink between different ensemble members are comparatively analyzed. The choice of parameterization scheme for land-surface processes gives rise to the largest influence on the precipitation prediction. The influences of cumulus-convection and cloud-microphysics processes are mainly focused on heavy rainfall;the use of cumulus-convection parameterization tends to produce large-area and light rainfall. Change in parameterization schemes for land-surface and cumulus-convection processes both will cause prominent change in forecast of both dynamic and thermodynamic variables, while change in cloud-microphysics processes show primary impact on dynamic variables. Comparing simplified Arakawa-Schubert and Kain-Fritsch with Betts-Miller-Janjic schemes, SLAB with NOAH schemes, as well as both WRF single moment 6-class and NCEP 3-class with simplified explicit schemes of phase-mixed cloud and precipitation shows that the former predicts stronger low-level jets and high humidity concentration, more convective rainfall and local heavy rainfall, and have better performance in precipitation forecast. Appropriate parameterization schemes can reasonably describe the physical process related to heavy rainfall in South China in the AFRS, such as low-level convergence, latent heat release, vertical transport of heat and water vapor, thereby depicting the multi-scale interactions of low-level jet and meso-scale convective systems in heavy rainfall suitably, and improving the prediction of heavy rainfall in South China in the AFRS as a result.
文摘为确保发电场正常供应电力,设计短时强降雨天气风电场发电功率预测模型,提升发电功率预测效果。通过欧式距离与角度原则扩充短时强降雨天气小样本;利用改进深度可分离卷积算法,在正常天气样本内,提取气象-功率时空特征,并输入长短期记忆网络内,建立正常天气风电场发电功率基准值预测模型,得到发电功率基准值;在Transformer算法内,输入扩充样本,建立短时强降雨天气下发电功率损失值预测模型;利用基于注意力机制的Sequence to Sequence网络,结合扩样本,构造发电功率损失时间点预判模型,结合损失值预测模型,得到最终发电功率损失值;利用基准值减去损失值,得到短时强降雨天气下风电场发电功率预测结果。实验证明:该模型可有效扩充短时强降雨天气小样本;该方法可精准预判发电功率损失时间点,得到发电功率损失值,完成发电功率预测;不同风速下,该模型发电功率预测的关键失误指数与偏移程度均较低,即发电功率预测精度较高。
基金"National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences"G1998040900 the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.49794030).
文摘The heavy rainfall in the summer of 1998 over China has been simulated with the NCC Regional Climate Model(RegCM_NCC).It was successful for RegCM_NCC to reproduce the location and seasonal shift of the seasonal rain belt in the summer of 1998 over China.The rainy season in the summer of 1998 over China can be divided into 7 episodes,including the pre-summer rainy season in South China.the Meiyu onset over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin,short appearance of North China rain season and the retreat of seasonal rain belt,the second Meiyu season over the Yangtze River Valley,the rainy period over the Yellow and Huaihe River Valley and the seasonal retreat of rain belt over North China.The shortcoming of the RegCM_NCC is over-estimation of precipitation amounts.The regions with large latent heat flux,upper soil moisture and total runoff are located in the rainy area and move with the simulated rain belt during the different episodes.On the contrary,the regions with small sensible heat flux are located in the simulated rainy area and move with the simulated rain belt during the different episodes.
