Evaluation of Antifertility Effect and Recovery of the Seed Oil Constituents of Iranian Species of Melia Azadrach L. in Male Rats

Objective To evaluate the fertility effects of seed extract of Melia azadarach L. treatment effects on fertility indices in male Wistar rats. Methods The seed oil extract had been prepared according to conventional methods. The rats were randomly divided into three study groups. Groups A and B received graded doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight of the extract oil, respectively on daily basis for 60 d. Animals in control group received I ml of maize oil. At the end of 60 d and 3 months treatment period, 6 animals per group were randomly selected and fertility was evaluated with mating test. GSI （gonadosomatic index） sperm motility, sperm viability, ESR （epididymal sperm reserves）, DSP（daily sperm production） and testosterone concentration were also assessed.Results In the first stage, a significant reduction infertility indices especially in higher dose was observed compared with the control. During the next stage, the significant increase in fertility indices are the indication of reasonable recovery and reversibility of extract activity. Conclusion The seed oil of Melia azadarach L. has antifertility activity, but its effects is reversible.

苦楝果实中苦楝素的分离及鉴定

报道了有机溶剂提取法提取苦楝果实中的天然杀虫活性成分,并采用结晶法从浓缩液中成功地分离出苦楝素晶体.采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测定苦楝素晶体基本的理化常数──熔点.通过红外吸收光谱(IR)、紫外吸收光谱(UV)、有机质谱(ESI-MS)对苦楝素晶体进行波谱分析,其数据和文献报道的苦楝素光谱数据完全一致.

苦楝果乙醇粗提物对斜纹夜蛾幼虫取食行为的影响

探讨了苦楝Meliaazadarach果的乙醇粗提物对斜纹夜蛾Spodopteralitura5龄幼虫取食行为的影响。结果表明,经苦楝果乙醇粗提物处理后的斜纹夜蛾5龄幼虫,其10h内发生的取食活动和取食间间隔的次数减少,平均每次取食活动和取食时间间隔持续的时间延长;在每次取食活动中,用于取食的时间明显减少,这反映苦楝果乙醇粗提物能显著影响斜纹夜蛾的取食行为。

苦楝果实提取物对几种芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性

将采摘的苦楝果实烘干、粉碎后,以甲醇为溶剂,用超声波法提取后,配成不同浓度的苦楝果实提取液,测定其对巨大芽孢杆菌、短芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌4种芽孢杆菌的抑菌圈直径和抑菌百分率。结果表明:苦楝果实提取液浓度越高,其抑菌作用越强。苦楝果实提取液对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性最大,对短芽孢杆菌的次之,对巨大芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性最小。

苦楝果乙醇提取物对卫矛尺蠖生物活性的影响

以卫矛尺蠖为试虫,以取食量、虫体质量增长率及死亡率为指标,用非选择性取食法,测定苦楝果乙醇粗提物对卫矛尺蠖幼虫的杀虫活性。结果表明：不同浓度的苦楝果乙醇粗提物对试虫具有抑制生长发育及毒杀的作用,且这种作用随其体积质量浓度的增大而增强。苦楝果乙醇粗提物对卫矛尺蠖幼虫(非选择性饲喂)的毒杀中浓度LC50为268．33 mg／L。

苦楝果实提取物对Bt-8010和Bt-7216的抑菌活性

将采摘的苦楝果实烘干、粉碎,以甲醇为溶剂,用超声波法提取苦楝果实的提取物,配成不同浓度的苦楝果实提取液,用于测定2种生物农药Bt_8010和Bt_7216的抑菌圈和抑菌率。结果表明:苦楝果实提取液浓度越高,其抑菌程度越大。其中,对Bt_7216的抑菌活性较大,Bt_8010次之。高浓度的苦楝提取物与生物农药(Bt)混用会降低Bt的药效。