四种薄荷植物学性状和精油成分的比较

本研究对上海地区引种成功的四种薄荷:黑胡椒薄荷(Mentha×piperita cv.)、薰衣草薄荷(Mentha piperita‘Lavandula)’、菠萝薄荷(Metha suaveolens‘Variegata)’以及留兰香(Mentha spicata)的植物学性状和精油成分进行了分析比较。结果表明:四种薄荷的植物学性状差异显著;黑胡椒薄荷和薰衣草薄荷的精油含有率较高,分别为0.42和0.34 mL.(100g-)1.FW,菠萝薄荷和留兰香的精油含有率低,分别为0.009和0.088 mL.(100g-)1.FW;黑胡椒薄荷精油的主要成分为薄荷呋喃27.49%、薄荷醇27.47%以及薄荷酮18.76%等,薰衣草薄荷精油中芳樟醇51.11%和乙酸芳樟酯13.58%是其主要成分,菠萝薄荷精油中氧化胡椒烯酮的含量超过80%,留兰香精油的主要成分为氧化胡椒烯酮39.66%和柠檬烯20.49%。目前引种的四种薄荷,黑胡椒薄荷精油尚没有达到国际该类产品的质量标准;薰衣草薄荷既可以提取精油,也具有较高的观赏性;菠萝薄荷只适宜作为观赏性品种种植;本地区引种的留兰香,不宜用于提取留兰香油。

椒样薄荷挥发油化学成分分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从椒样薄荷(Mentha piperitaL.)中提取挥发油,并运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其化学成分进行了分析。从椒样薄荷挥发油中鉴定出46种化学成分,占总出峰面积的97.982%。其中含量较高的为薄荷醇(32.533%)、薄荷酮(23.577%)和3,7,7-三甲基-二环[4,1,0]庚烷(10.379%)。

Effects of Different NaCl Doses on Morphological and Physiological Parameters in Mentha piperita L.

Salt stress is one of the most serious limiting factors for crop growth and production. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of salt stress in four Mentha piperita L. varieties, in greenhouse conditions. The seedlings were irrigated with 1/2 Hoagland nutrition solutions. Following 10 d of growth in the pots, the seedlings were subjected to salt stress with different concentrations of NaCl （0, 50 and 100 mM, respectively）. Responses of the mint varieties to salt stress were evaluated using some plant growth and physiological parameters, such as plant height, root length, shoot and root fresh and dry weight, and ion concentrations in leaves, such as Na, K, Ca and Cl. Salt stress caused reduction in physiological parameters. However, this reduction was significant at 100 mM NaCl compared to 50 mM NaCl. These two concentrations of NaCl increased Na and Cl contents in leaves. However, K and Ca contents were decreased with salinity. The results showed that Mentha piperita cv. Sewiss and Granada were found more tolerant to salt stress than cv. Marokko and Citaro.