Settlement naming is an important carrier of settlement society and culture,carries regional culture,historical information,beliefs and other information,and is an important clue to understand regional culture and dev...Settlement naming is an important carrier of settlement society and culture,carries regional culture,historical information,beliefs and other information,and is an important clue to understand regional culture and development characteristics.In this paper,the naming of traditional mountain settlements in Mentougou in western Beijing was studied through literature review and field research,and the correlation between the naming and distribution characteristics of the settlements was discussed to provide reference for the protection and construction of mountain settlements in Mentougou.展开更多
With the successful holding of Beijing Winter Olympic Games in 2022,the planning and cultural services of Shijingshan District have been reviewed,but the systematic planning theory has not been fully applied.Through t...With the successful holding of Beijing Winter Olympic Games in 2022,the planning and cultural services of Shijingshan District have been reviewed,but the systematic planning theory has not been fully applied.Through the big data research method,the location advantages and disadvantages of Shijingshan District were analyzed,and the distribution of its cultural facilities was defined.Feasible optimization schemes were proposed according to its advantages and disadvantages as well as the experience and conditions of the Winter Olympics.展开更多
Objective To describe epidemiologic features of an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Dongcheng District, Beijing occurred in a period between March and May 2003. Methods Data of SARS cases notifi...Objective To describe epidemiologic features of an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Dongcheng District, Beijing occurred in a period between March and May 2003. Methods Data of SARS cases notified from Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC )and supplemented by other channels were collected. Clinicians and officials of local hospitals were interviewed in groups and medical records of fatal cases of SARS were reviewed to verify the diagnosis. Stored serum specimens of the patients were detected for IgG antibody against SARS Co-V by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All the data were input into dataset files by Microsoft Excel-2000 software and analyzed with SPSS version 10.0 software. Results Outbreak of SARS in Dongcheng District started on March 14, 2003 with a peak in mid- and late April, and dropped in early May. A total of 572 reported cases were collected during this period in Dongcheng District, Beijing, and 99 of them were excluded from SARS, because of diagnosis of common cold, regular pneumonia, measles and rubella, etc. Actually, 473 SARS cases, which included 390 (82.5%) probable cases and 83 (17.5%) suspect cases, were analyzed. About 90% of the probable cases were positive for IgG antibody. Attack rate of SARS in permanent residents of Dongcheng District was 28.3 per 100 000. Forty-one of them died, with a case-fatality rate of 8.7%. Persons were all susceptible to infection of SARS Co-V, with the highest proportion at ages of 20-50 years, which accounted for 68.7% of the total cases. Average age of the patients at their onset was 40.7 years. No gender difference in SARS cases was found. Number of SARS cases in health-care workers (HCWs) accounted for 18.0% and that in retired workers accounted for 15.4% of the total cases. Cases occurred in all 10 sub-districts of Dongcheng, with the highest in Beixinqiao and Andingmen Sub-districts. Totally, 230 of the 572 notified cases (40.2%) were hospitalized at local hospitals under the jurisdiction of Dongcheng District. Eighteen of 85 cases of SARS occurred in HCWs of local hospitals, accounting for 4.5% of the total number of HCWs working at wards caring for SARS patients or fever clinics. There were 34.7% of SARS cases without any histories of contact before the onset of the disease. Familial aggregation phenomena were observed in 41.8% of the cases and 18.1% of households. And 7.4% (attack rate ) of those exposed to SARS cases suffered from the illness during the periods of quarantine. Conclusions SARS appeared to be infectious in origin and caused outbreak in Dongcheng District, Beijing introduced by an imported case traveling from Hong Kong in a period between March and May 2003. People are all susceptible to infection of SARS Co-V, which mainly threatens the young adults and the middle-aged, as well as HCWs and the retired workers. The main mode of transmission is direct exposure to SARS patients in a near distance at hospitals or families via droplets spread. Prevention and control of SARS should be focused on early isolation of patients and quarantine for close contacts. Current available measures to prevent and control SARS are proved to be effective.展开更多
Group A streptococcus (GAS) causes a wide range of diseases in the human population. GAS diseases are more common in children than in adults, with clinical manifestations ranging from pharyngitis and impetigo to inv...Group A streptococcus (GAS) causes a wide range of diseases in the human population. GAS diseases are more common in children than in adults, with clinical manifestations ranging from pharyngitis and impetigo to invasive infections and post streptococcal sequelae, such as acute rheumatic fever and acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis[1]. GAS harbors a host of virulence factors that contribute to its complex pathogenicity and differences in the disease severity and frequency. M protein, one of the major virulence factors, is encoded by the emm gene induces a type of specific host immune response and confers antiphagocytic properties.展开更多
In the first half of 1997,a study of the in-migrant population in the Haidian District of Beij1ng was jointly conducted by the Population Research Institute of the Peo-ple's University of China and the Hai dian G...In the first half of 1997,a study of the in-migrant population in the Haidian District of Beij1ng was jointly conducted by the Population Research Institute of the Peo-ple's University of China and the Hai dian Gσv ernment.展开更多
Objective.To understand and analyze the mental health status of key Senior School Students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Bey ing and Senior Three Students in General Schools,so as to provide basis for mental healt...Objective.To understand and analyze the mental health status of key Senior School Students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Bey ing and Senior Three Students in General Schools,so as to provide basis for mental health education and psychological intervention.Methods.A total of 263 senior three students were randomly selected from a general school and two key school in Haidian District of Beijing.A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Mental Health Scale for Chinese Middle School Students(MSSMHS).Results.Of the 260 students surveyed,54.2%had mental health problems,36.5%had mild problems,8.8%had moderate problems,and 0.5%had slightly and deeply serious problems.The first three factors about examined rates of factors of mental health were anxiety,learning and interpersonal relationship.The detection rates accounted for 23.5%,23.1%and 18.8%respectively.There was no significant difference in the scores of each factor between key and ordinary middle school students(P>0.05).The scores of interpersonal,depression,anxiety and emotional factors of middle school girls were higher than those of boys,with statistical significance(P<0.05)?Conclusion.There are some mental health problems among senior students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Beijing,and female students9 are serious.Schools,families and societies should pay attention to this problem and strengthen mental health education with a focused goal.展开更多
Grandpa Qin, now 74, has returned to where he had lived for more than six decades in the company of his daughter. In front of him, the old dilapidated scenes have all disappeared. The former nine 1.9-meter-wide lanes ...Grandpa Qin, now 74, has returned to where he had lived for more than six decades in the company of his daughter. In front of him, the old dilapidated scenes have all disappeared. The former nine 1.9-meter-wide lanes have become 12 six-meter-wide roads. The former crowded courtyards, 11 stairs down the lanes, have completely changed their outlook. The only things that seem to have not changed are the old Beijing style of blue tiles and gray bricks and the imperial city walls nearby that are the witnesses to all these changes. Grandpa Qin is among the 300 households who have returned after the rebuilding project was completed. Qin’s family lived in the Nanchizi community for five generations. The big展开更多
The first time I have learnt the name Wu Qing was in a host show, "Close-Up" on CCTV-4. She is a professor of Beijing Foreign Studies Univer-sity, and moreover she is the daughter of one of Chinese literary ...The first time I have learnt the name Wu Qing was in a host show, "Close-Up" on CCTV-4. She is a professor of Beijing Foreign Studies Univer-sity, and moreover she is the daughter of one of Chinese literary giants, Ms. Bing Xin. I was immediately fascinated not展开更多
NIUJIE,or Ox Street,is situated in the southwest of Beijing’s Xicheng District. The avenue is best known for Niujie Mosque,the city’s oldest and largest mosque,catering to both tourists and the Muslim population liv...NIUJIE,or Ox Street,is situated in the southwest of Beijing’s Xicheng District. The avenue is best known for Niujie Mosque,the city’s oldest and largest mosque,catering to both tourists and the Muslim population living in its vicinity. The mosque was first built in 996 by an imam named Nasruddin,the son of an Arab imam who came to China to preach the Islamic faith.It was rebuilt in 1442 during the Ming Dynasty(1368-展开更多
YANGROU Hutong is 600 years old.Located in the Xisi area of Beijing’s Xicheng District,the area was originally a trading market for cattle,which usually ended up in the imperial kitchen.But with the name Yangrou(mean...YANGROU Hutong is 600 years old.Located in the Xisi area of Beijing’s Xicheng District,the area was originally a trading market for cattle,which usually ended up in the imperial kitchen.But with the name Yangrou(meaning mutton),butchers and mutton stores replaced the cattle traders starting in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).In those days,cries of sellers and the pungent smell of mutton overwhelmed every passerby. But today,those smells and sounds are展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?The primary causes of early miscarriage and stillbirth are chromosomal abnormalities(CAs)whose prevalence has been observed to increase in recent years.What is added by t...Summary What is already known about this topic?The primary causes of early miscarriage and stillbirth are chromosomal abnormalities(CAs)whose prevalence has been observed to increase in recent years.What is added by this report?According to data received from a hospital-based birthdefect surveillance system in the Haidian District,Beijing,there was a significant increase in the prevalence of CAs along with most subtypes from 2013 to 2022.展开更多
Beijing's green belt policy is three-fold:fi rstly to protect farmers' interests during urbanization, secondly to control the urban expansion, and thirdly to improve the ecological environment. The planning of...Beijing's green belt policy is three-fold:fi rstly to protect farmers' interests during urbanization, secondly to control the urban expansion, and thirdly to improve the ecological environment. The planning of industrial land for green belts has thus emerged as a way to help achieve these goals during Beijing's urban growth from morphological, social, and economic perspectives. First of all, this paper introduces the implementation mechanisms of the planning of industrial land for green belts, from which it abstracts a model of land adjustment and urban-rural cooperation. Secondly, the paper analyzes the effects and current dilemmas during the implementation of the planning of industrial land for green belts. Thirdly, results are compared with other spontaneously developed industries in the rural-urban fringe area to illustrate the changes brought about by the planning. Finally, the paper proposes three measures for future improvement, including balancing the industrial land use quotas between different townships, conducting cooperative land adjustment, and encouraging spontaneously developed industrial projects.展开更多
Around the globe, streets and sidewalks in cities are being contested as spaces that should be used for more than transportation. This paper analyzes street spaces as public goods, or their nature as a 'public poo...Around the globe, streets and sidewalks in cities are being contested as spaces that should be used for more than transportation. This paper analyzes street spaces as public goods, or their nature as a 'public pool,' from the perspective of property rights. After conducting a picture for the use of public street spaces in two innovative districts in Beijing via big data description and field investigation, this paper analyzes the use of public spaces from the perspective of property rights, spatial supply and demand, and the distribution and management of public goods. It further proposes three strategies for street design transformation, including refined management, design integrity, and planning priority transformation.展开更多
Located in the northwest of Beijing,Haidian District has residents from all 56 ethnic groups in China, making it the most ethnically diverse area of Beijing. In June 1954, Haidian, the name of an administrative distri...Located in the northwest of Beijing,Haidian District has residents from all 56 ethnic groups in China, making it the most ethnically diverse area of Beijing. In June 1954, Haidian, the name of an administrative district, officially appeared on the map. Over the last 20 years, the area has developed from an outskirt of the city into a modern district with science and technology,educa- tion and culture as its core industries. Zhongguancun is a very famous place in Haidian District,which is renowned as the"展开更多
Mountainous area makes up 22% of global land, and rational land use in this area is important for sustainable development. Mentougou district has been positioned as an ecological conservation development zone of Beiji...Mountainous area makes up 22% of global land, and rational land use in this area is important for sustainable development. Mentougou district has been positioned as an ecological conservation development zone of Beijing and significant land use changes have taken place since 2004. With the combination of GIS and Dinamica EGO(Environment for Geoprocessing Objects) model, the quantitative structure and spatial distribution of land use in Mentougou from 2006 to 2014 are analyzed in this paper. Considering topography has influence on the action mode of driving factors, the research area is divided into two parts based on elevation, mountainous area above 300 m, plain and shallow mountainous area below 300 m. Based on cellular automata theory, the probability of land use change is calculated by Weights of Evidence method and the spatial distribution of land use is simulated by means of two complementary spatial transition functions: Expander and Patcher. Land use pattern of Menougou in 2030 for three kinds of scenarios: trend development, rapid development and ecological protection are simulated. The comparison shows that the trend development scenario is more reasonable based on social, economic and environmental considerations and other scenarios provide a reference for improving irrational land use.展开更多
文摘Settlement naming is an important carrier of settlement society and culture,carries regional culture,historical information,beliefs and other information,and is an important clue to understand regional culture and development characteristics.In this paper,the naming of traditional mountain settlements in Mentougou in western Beijing was studied through literature review and field research,and the correlation between the naming and distribution characteristics of the settlements was discussed to provide reference for the protection and construction of mountain settlements in Mentougou.
基金Sponsored by the General Project of Beijing Higher Education Association in 2022(MS2022414)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Planning Project for University Students in 2023。
文摘With the successful holding of Beijing Winter Olympic Games in 2022,the planning and cultural services of Shijingshan District have been reviewed,but the systematic planning theory has not been fully applied.Through the big data research method,the location advantages and disadvantages of Shijingshan District were analyzed,and the distribution of its cultural facilities was defined.Feasible optimization schemes were proposed according to its advantages and disadvantages as well as the experience and conditions of the Winter Olympics.
文摘Objective To describe epidemiologic features of an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Dongcheng District, Beijing occurred in a period between March and May 2003. Methods Data of SARS cases notified from Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC )and supplemented by other channels were collected. Clinicians and officials of local hospitals were interviewed in groups and medical records of fatal cases of SARS were reviewed to verify the diagnosis. Stored serum specimens of the patients were detected for IgG antibody against SARS Co-V by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All the data were input into dataset files by Microsoft Excel-2000 software and analyzed with SPSS version 10.0 software. Results Outbreak of SARS in Dongcheng District started on March 14, 2003 with a peak in mid- and late April, and dropped in early May. A total of 572 reported cases were collected during this period in Dongcheng District, Beijing, and 99 of them were excluded from SARS, because of diagnosis of common cold, regular pneumonia, measles and rubella, etc. Actually, 473 SARS cases, which included 390 (82.5%) probable cases and 83 (17.5%) suspect cases, were analyzed. About 90% of the probable cases were positive for IgG antibody. Attack rate of SARS in permanent residents of Dongcheng District was 28.3 per 100 000. Forty-one of them died, with a case-fatality rate of 8.7%. Persons were all susceptible to infection of SARS Co-V, with the highest proportion at ages of 20-50 years, which accounted for 68.7% of the total cases. Average age of the patients at their onset was 40.7 years. No gender difference in SARS cases was found. Number of SARS cases in health-care workers (HCWs) accounted for 18.0% and that in retired workers accounted for 15.4% of the total cases. Cases occurred in all 10 sub-districts of Dongcheng, with the highest in Beixinqiao and Andingmen Sub-districts. Totally, 230 of the 572 notified cases (40.2%) were hospitalized at local hospitals under the jurisdiction of Dongcheng District. Eighteen of 85 cases of SARS occurred in HCWs of local hospitals, accounting for 4.5% of the total number of HCWs working at wards caring for SARS patients or fever clinics. There were 34.7% of SARS cases without any histories of contact before the onset of the disease. Familial aggregation phenomena were observed in 41.8% of the cases and 18.1% of households. And 7.4% (attack rate ) of those exposed to SARS cases suffered from the illness during the periods of quarantine. Conclusions SARS appeared to be infectious in origin and caused outbreak in Dongcheng District, Beijing introduced by an imported case traveling from Hong Kong in a period between March and May 2003. People are all susceptible to infection of SARS Co-V, which mainly threatens the young adults and the middle-aged, as well as HCWs and the retired workers. The main mode of transmission is direct exposure to SARS patients in a near distance at hospitals or families via droplets spread. Prevention and control of SARS should be focused on early isolation of patients and quarantine for close contacts. Current available measures to prevent and control SARS are proved to be effective.
文摘Group A streptococcus (GAS) causes a wide range of diseases in the human population. GAS diseases are more common in children than in adults, with clinical manifestations ranging from pharyngitis and impetigo to invasive infections and post streptococcal sequelae, such as acute rheumatic fever and acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis[1]. GAS harbors a host of virulence factors that contribute to its complex pathogenicity and differences in the disease severity and frequency. M protein, one of the major virulence factors, is encoded by the emm gene induces a type of specific host immune response and confers antiphagocytic properties.
文摘In the first half of 1997,a study of the in-migrant population in the Haidian District of Beij1ng was jointly conducted by the Population Research Institute of the Peo-ple's University of China and the Hai dian Gσv ernment.
文摘Objective.To understand and analyze the mental health status of key Senior School Students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Bey ing and Senior Three Students in General Schools,so as to provide basis for mental health education and psychological intervention.Methods.A total of 263 senior three students were randomly selected from a general school and two key school in Haidian District of Beijing.A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Mental Health Scale for Chinese Middle School Students(MSSMHS).Results.Of the 260 students surveyed,54.2%had mental health problems,36.5%had mild problems,8.8%had moderate problems,and 0.5%had slightly and deeply serious problems.The first three factors about examined rates of factors of mental health were anxiety,learning and interpersonal relationship.The detection rates accounted for 23.5%,23.1%and 18.8%respectively.There was no significant difference in the scores of each factor between key and ordinary middle school students(P>0.05).The scores of interpersonal,depression,anxiety and emotional factors of middle school girls were higher than those of boys,with statistical significance(P<0.05)?Conclusion.There are some mental health problems among senior students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Beijing,and female students9 are serious.Schools,families and societies should pay attention to this problem and strengthen mental health education with a focused goal.
文摘Grandpa Qin, now 74, has returned to where he had lived for more than six decades in the company of his daughter. In front of him, the old dilapidated scenes have all disappeared. The former nine 1.9-meter-wide lanes have become 12 six-meter-wide roads. The former crowded courtyards, 11 stairs down the lanes, have completely changed their outlook. The only things that seem to have not changed are the old Beijing style of blue tiles and gray bricks and the imperial city walls nearby that are the witnesses to all these changes. Grandpa Qin is among the 300 households who have returned after the rebuilding project was completed. Qin’s family lived in the Nanchizi community for five generations. The big
文摘The first time I have learnt the name Wu Qing was in a host show, "Close-Up" on CCTV-4. She is a professor of Beijing Foreign Studies Univer-sity, and moreover she is the daughter of one of Chinese literary giants, Ms. Bing Xin. I was immediately fascinated not
文摘NIUJIE,or Ox Street,is situated in the southwest of Beijing’s Xicheng District. The avenue is best known for Niujie Mosque,the city’s oldest and largest mosque,catering to both tourists and the Muslim population living in its vicinity. The mosque was first built in 996 by an imam named Nasruddin,the son of an Arab imam who came to China to preach the Islamic faith.It was rebuilt in 1442 during the Ming Dynasty(1368-
文摘YANGROU Hutong is 600 years old.Located in the Xisi area of Beijing’s Xicheng District,the area was originally a trading market for cattle,which usually ended up in the imperial kitchen.But with the name Yangrou(meaning mutton),butchers and mutton stores replaced the cattle traders starting in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).In those days,cries of sellers and the pungent smell of mutton overwhelmed every passerby. But today,those smells and sounds are
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program,Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(No.2021YFC2701101)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171661,No.82373582).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?The primary causes of early miscarriage and stillbirth are chromosomal abnormalities(CAs)whose prevalence has been observed to increase in recent years.What is added by this report?According to data received from a hospital-based birthdefect surveillance system in the Haidian District,Beijing,there was a significant increase in the prevalence of CAs along with most subtypes from 2013 to 2022.
文摘Beijing's green belt policy is three-fold:fi rstly to protect farmers' interests during urbanization, secondly to control the urban expansion, and thirdly to improve the ecological environment. The planning of industrial land for green belts has thus emerged as a way to help achieve these goals during Beijing's urban growth from morphological, social, and economic perspectives. First of all, this paper introduces the implementation mechanisms of the planning of industrial land for green belts, from which it abstracts a model of land adjustment and urban-rural cooperation. Secondly, the paper analyzes the effects and current dilemmas during the implementation of the planning of industrial land for green belts. Thirdly, results are compared with other spontaneously developed industries in the rural-urban fringe area to illustrate the changes brought about by the planning. Finally, the paper proposes three measures for future improvement, including balancing the industrial land use quotas between different townships, conducting cooperative land adjustment, and encouraging spontaneously developed industrial projects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51608294,51978359)the Beijing Social Science Funding(17GLC055)
文摘Around the globe, streets and sidewalks in cities are being contested as spaces that should be used for more than transportation. This paper analyzes street spaces as public goods, or their nature as a 'public pool,' from the perspective of property rights. After conducting a picture for the use of public street spaces in two innovative districts in Beijing via big data description and field investigation, this paper analyzes the use of public spaces from the perspective of property rights, spatial supply and demand, and the distribution and management of public goods. It further proposes three strategies for street design transformation, including refined management, design integrity, and planning priority transformation.
文摘Located in the northwest of Beijing,Haidian District has residents from all 56 ethnic groups in China, making it the most ethnically diverse area of Beijing. In June 1954, Haidian, the name of an administrative district, officially appeared on the map. Over the last 20 years, the area has developed from an outskirt of the city into a modern district with science and technology,educa- tion and culture as its core industries. Zhongguancun is a very famous place in Haidian District,which is renowned as the"
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under(Grant No.41877533)Beijing Social Science Foundation(Grant No.18GLB014)
文摘Mountainous area makes up 22% of global land, and rational land use in this area is important for sustainable development. Mentougou district has been positioned as an ecological conservation development zone of Beijing and significant land use changes have taken place since 2004. With the combination of GIS and Dinamica EGO(Environment for Geoprocessing Objects) model, the quantitative structure and spatial distribution of land use in Mentougou from 2006 to 2014 are analyzed in this paper. Considering topography has influence on the action mode of driving factors, the research area is divided into two parts based on elevation, mountainous area above 300 m, plain and shallow mountainous area below 300 m. Based on cellular automata theory, the probability of land use change is calculated by Weights of Evidence method and the spatial distribution of land use is simulated by means of two complementary spatial transition functions: Expander and Patcher. Land use pattern of Menougou in 2030 for three kinds of scenarios: trend development, rapid development and ecological protection are simulated. The comparison shows that the trend development scenario is more reasonable based on social, economic and environmental considerations and other scenarios provide a reference for improving irrational land use.