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Effects of mepiquat chloride and plant population density on leaf photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in upland cotton
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作者 LUO Haihua ZHANG Zhengxian +3 位作者 WU Jianfei WU Zhenjiang WEN Tianwang TANG Feiyu 《Journal of Cotton Research》 CAS 2023年第4期250-265,共16页
Background Mepiquat chloride(MC)application and plant population density(PPD)increasing are required for modern cotton production.However,their interactive effects on leaf physiology and carbohydrate metabolism remain... Background Mepiquat chloride(MC)application and plant population density(PPD)increasing are required for modern cotton production.However,their interactive effects on leaf physiology and carbohydrate metabolism remain obscure.This study aimed to examine whether and how MC and PPD affect the leaf morpho-physiological characteristics,and thus final cotton yield.PPD of three levels(D1:2.25 plants·m^(-2),D2:4.5 plants·m^(-2),and D3:6.75 plants·m^(-2))and MC dosage of two levels(MC0:0 g·ha^(-2),MC1:82.5 g·ha^(-2))were combined to create six treatments.The dynamics of nonstructual carbohydrate concentration,carbon metabolism-related enzyme activity,and photosynthetic attributes in cotton leaves were examined during reproductive growth in 2019 and 2020.Results Among six treatments,the high PPD of 6.75 plants·m^(-2)combined with MC application(MC1D3)exhibited the greatest seed cotton yield and biological yield.The sucrose,hexose,starch,and total nonstructural carbohydrate(TNC)concentrations peaked at the first flowering(FF)stage and then declined to a minimum at the first boll opening(FBO)stage.Compared with other treatments,MC1D3 improved starch and TNC concentration by 5.4%~88.4%,7.8%~52.0% in 2019,and by 14.6%~55.9%,13.5%~39.7% in 2020 at the FF stage,respectively.Additionally,MC1D3 produced higher transformation rates of starch and TNC from the FF to FBO stages,indicating greater carbon production and utilization efficiency.MC1D3 displayed the maximal specific leaf weight(SLW)at the FBO stage,and the highest chlorophyll a(Chl a),Chl b,and Chl a+b concentration at the mid-late growth phase in both years.The Rubisco activity with MC1D3 was 2.6%~53.2% higher at the flowering and boll setting stages in both years,and 2.4%~52.7% higher at the FBO stage in 2020 than those in other treatments.These results provided a explanation of higher leaf senescence-resistant ability in MC1D3.Conclusion Increasing PPD coupled with MC application improves cotton yield by enhancing leaf carbohydrate production and utilization efficiency and delaying leaf senescence. 展开更多
关键词 Gossypium hirsutum L. mepiquat chloride Plant population density Carbohydrate metabolism PHOTOSYNTHESIS
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Mepiquat chloride priming confers the ability of cotton seed to tolerate salt by promoting ABA-operated GABA signaling control of the ascorbate–glutathione cycle
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作者 QI Qian WANG Ning +9 位作者 RUAN Sijia MUHAMMAD Noor ZHANG Hengheng SHI Jianbin DONG Qiang XU Qinghua SONG Meizhen YAN Gentu ZHANG Xiling WANG Xiangru 《Journal of Cotton Research》 CAS 2023年第4期288-305,共18页
Background Ensuring that seeds germinate and emerge normally is a prerequisite for cotton production,esp.in areas with salinized soil.Priming with mepiquat chloride(MC)can promote seed germination and root growth unde... Background Ensuring that seeds germinate and emerge normally is a prerequisite for cotton production,esp.in areas with salinized soil.Priming with mepiquat chloride(MC)can promote seed germination and root growth under salt stress,but its mechanism has not been fully elucidated.In this study,physiological and biochemical experiments revealed that MC-priming promotes the tolerance of cotton seeds to salt stress by increasing the ability of antioxidant enzymes related to the ascorbate-glutathione(AsA-GSH)cycle to scavenge reactive oxygen species(ROS).Results Results revealed that treatment with inhibitors of abscisic acid(ABA)and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)biosynthesis reduced the positive effects of MC-priming.Similarly,MC-priming increased the contents of ABA and GABA under salt stress by stimulating the expression levels of GhNCED2 and GhGAD4 and the activity of calmodulin-binding(CML)glutamate decarboxylase(GAD).Further analysis showed that an inhibitor of ABA synthesis reduced the positive impacts of MC-priming on the content of GABA under salt stress,but the content of ABA was not affected by the GABA synthesis inhibitor.Furthermore,a multi-omics analysis revealed that MC-priming increased the abundance and phosphorylation levels of the proteins related to ABA signaling,CML,and Ca^(2+)channels/transporters in the MC-primed treatments,which resulted in increased oscillations in Ca^(2+)in the MC-primed cotton seeds under salt stress.Conclusion In summary,these results demonstrate that MC-mediated ABA signaling operates upstream of the GABA synthesis generated by GAD by activating the oscillations of Ca^(2+)and then enhancing activity of the AsA-GSH cycle,which ensures that cotton seeds are tolerant to salt stress. 展开更多
关键词 Seed priming Salinity stress ABA signaling γ-aminobutyric acid ROS scavenging mepiquat chloride
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Effects of mepiquat chloride on yield and main properties of cottonseed under different plant densities 被引量:3
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作者 ZHAO Wenqing YAN Qiang +5 位作者 YANG Hongkun YANG Xiaoni WANG Leran CHEN Binglin MENG Yali ZHOU Zhiguo 《Journal of Cotton Research》 2019年第2期77-86,共10页
Background:Cottonseed oil and protein content as well as germination traits are major indicators of seed quality.However,the responses of these indicators to plant density and mepiquat chloride(MC)are still uncertain.... Background:Cottonseed oil and protein content as well as germination traits are major indicators of seed quality.However,the responses of these indicators to plant density and mepiquat chloride(MC)are still uncertain.To investigate plant density and MC effects on cotto nseed yield and main quality parameters,we con ducted a twoyear field experiment including four plant densities(1.35,2.55,3.75 and 4.95 plants·m^-2)and two closes of MC(0 and 135g·hm^-2)in Dafeng,Jiangsu Province,in 2013 and 2014.Results:The application of MC reduced plant height,fruit branch length and fruiting branch number under different plant densities,resulting in a lower and more compact plant canopy.Cottonseed yield showed a nonlinear increase as plant density increasing and achieved the highest value at 3.75 plants·m^-2,regardless of MC application.No significant interactio ns were found between plant density and MC for cotton seed yield and quality parameters.The 100-seed weight,cottonseed oil content and vigor index significantly decreased as plant density increased,while these parameters significantly increased with MC applying under different plant densities.Seed vigor index was positively correlated with 100-seed weight and seed oil con tent across different plant densities and MC treatments.Conclusions:Thus,application of MC could realize a win-win situation between cottonseed yield and main quality parameters under various densities;and plant density of 3.75 plants·m^-2 combined with 135 g·hm^-2 of MC applying is optimal for high cottonseed yield and quality in this cotton production area. 展开更多
关键词 mepiquat chloride PLANT density COTTONSEED YIELD Oil content Seed GERMINATION
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Effects of plant density and mepiquat chloride application on cotton boll setting in wheat–cotton double cropping system 被引量:2
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作者 CHEN Yuan LIU Zhen-yu +4 位作者 HENG Li Leila IMTAMBEL ZHANG Xiang CHEN Yuan CHEN De-hua 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第9期2372-2381,共10页
Sowing cotton directly after harvesting wheat in the Yangtze River Valley of China requires early mature of cotton without yield reduction.Boll-setting period synchronisation and more yield bolls distributed at the up... Sowing cotton directly after harvesting wheat in the Yangtze River Valley of China requires early mature of cotton without yield reduction.Boll-setting period synchronisation and more yield bolls distributed at the upper and middle canopy layers are also required for harvesting.The objective of this study is to quantify the individual and interaction effects of plant density and plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride(MC)on temporal and spatial distributions of yield bolls,as well as yield and yield components.During the 2013–2016 cotton growing seasons,the experiments were conducted on a shortseason cotton cultivar CRRI50 at Yangzhou University,China.Various combinations of plant density(12.0,13.5 and 15.0 plants m^(–2))and MC dose(180,270 and 360 g ha^(–1))were applied on cotton plants.The combination of 13.5 plants m^(–2)and 270 g ha^(–1)MC resulted in the greatest boll number per unit area,the highest daily boll setting number and more than 90%of bolls positioned within 45–80 cm above the ground.In conclusion,appropriate MC dose in combination of high plant density could synchronize boll-setting period and retain more bolls at the upper and middle canopy layers without yield reduction in the system of direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest,and thus overcome the labor-intensive problem in current transplanting cropping system. 展开更多
关键词 direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest plant density mepiquat chloride yield and yield components boll setting boll spatial distribution
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Cotton maturity and responses to harvest aids following chemical topping with mepiquat chloride during bloom period
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作者 QI Hai-kun DU Ming-wei +5 位作者 MENG Lu XIE Liu-wei AEgrinya ENEJI XU Dong-yong TIAN Xiao-li LI Zhao-hu 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第9期2577-2587,共11页
Early maturity, complete defoliation and boll opening are essential for the efficient machine harvesting of cotton. Chemical topping, involving one extra application of mepiquat chloride(MC) in addition to its traditi... Early maturity, complete defoliation and boll opening are essential for the efficient machine harvesting of cotton. Chemical topping, involving one extra application of mepiquat chloride(MC) in addition to its traditional multipleapplication strategy, may be able to replace manual topping. However, it is not known whether this chemical topping technique will influence maturity or cotton responses to harvest aids. In this 2-yr field study, we determined the effects of the timing of chemical topping using various rates of MC on boll opening percentage(BOP) before application of harvest aids(50% thidiazuron··ethephon suspension concentrate, referred to as TE), and the defoliation percentage(DP) and BOP 14 days after TE application. The results indicated that late chemical topping(near the physiological cutout, when the nodes above white flower is equal to 5.0) significantly decreased BOP before TE by 5.9–11.2% compared with early(at peak bloom) or middle(seven days after peak bloom) treatments in 2019, which was a relatively normal year based on crop condition. Also, a high MC rate(270 g ha) showed a significantly lower(22.0%) BOP before TE than low(90 g ha) or medium(180 g ha) rates. In 2020, which was characterized by stronger vegetative growth in the late season, the late chemical topping reduced the number of leaves before TE application relative to early or middle treatments, but had lower DP(23.2–27.2%) 14 days after TE application. The high MC rate showed a leaf count before TE application that was similar to the low and medium rates, but it showed the most leaves after TE and much lower(15.0–21.7%) DP in 2020. These results suggest that late timing of chemical topping and a high MC rate decreased the sensitivity of leaves to harvest aids. Further analysis indicated that the late chemical topping mainly affected the leaf drop from the mainstem and fruiting branches where the late regrowth occurred, and the high MC rate reduced leaf shedding from these parts and also from the vegetative branches. In conclusion, chemical topping with MC during the bloom period affected cotton maturity and responses to harvest aids in different ways according to the crop condition. To avoid the risks of delayed maturity and poor defoliation after the application of harvest aids, chemical topping should not be performed too late(i.e., near the physiological cutout) by using MC at more than 180 g ha. The optimum timing of chemical topping probably varies from peak bloom to around seven days later, and the safest MC rates for chemical topping should be less than 180 g ha. 展开更多
关键词 COTTON mepiquat chloride THIDIAZURON ETHEPHON DEFOLIATION MATURITY
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氮肥和DPC用量对棉花叶片叶绿素含量和SPAD值的影响 被引量:62
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作者 马宗斌 房卫平 +2 位作者 谢德意 李伶俐 朱伟 《棉花学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2009年第3期224-229,共6页
在大田条件下研究了氮肥和缩节胺(DPC)用量对中早熟棉花品种豫杂35和早熟品种银山1号叶片叶绿素含量、SPAD值的影响。结果表明,随着施氮量或DPC用量的增加,两个品种的叶片叶绿素含量和SPAD值均呈增加趋势。叶片叶绿素含量和SPAD值呈正... 在大田条件下研究了氮肥和缩节胺(DPC)用量对中早熟棉花品种豫杂35和早熟品种银山1号叶片叶绿素含量、SPAD值的影响。结果表明,随着施氮量或DPC用量的增加,两个品种的叶片叶绿素含量和SPAD值均呈增加趋势。叶片叶绿素含量和SPAD值呈正相关关系,但生育后期叶绿素含量的下降明显快于SPAD值,表现为吐絮期的叶绿素含量显著低于盛铃期,而吐絮期的SPAD值与盛铃期差异不显著。因此,在DPC化控条件下,仍可使用SPAD值进行棉花叶色诊断,但应注意生育后期SPAD值与叶绿素含量的不同趋势。 展开更多
关键词 棉花 氮肥 dpc 叶绿素含量 SPAD值
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适宜氮肥和缩节胺配合施用显著提高棉花“四桃”种子的播种和营养品质
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作者 李志坤 杜远仿 +2 位作者 刘伟 朱伟 马宗斌 《植物营养与肥料学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第5期948-965,共18页
【目的】研究棉花“四桃”种子品质及其对氮肥和缩节胺(DPC)配合施用的响应,为高质量棉花种子高效生产提供科学依据。【方法】2015—2017年,在郑州市黄河滩区进行双因素裂区设计田间试验。主区为3个氮肥用量,即:不施氮肥(N0)、施用常量... 【目的】研究棉花“四桃”种子品质及其对氮肥和缩节胺(DPC)配合施用的响应,为高质量棉花种子高效生产提供科学依据。【方法】2015—2017年,在郑州市黄河滩区进行双因素裂区设计田间试验。主区为3个氮肥用量,即:不施氮肥(N0)、施用常量氮肥(N1,225 kg/hm^(2))和过量氮肥(N2,450 kg/hm^(2));副区为3个DPC用量,即:不喷施DPC(D0)、喷施常量DPC(D1,75 g/hm^(2))和过量DPC(D2,150 g/hm^(2))。测定了棉花“四桃”种子的播种品质(籽指、发芽势和发芽率)和营养品质(总蛋白、粗脂肪、总淀粉、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量)。【结果】“四桃”种子的播种品质和营养品质差异显著,伏桃和早秋桃的籽指以及发芽势和发芽率没有显著差异,二者均显著高于伏前桃和晚秋桃。伏桃和早秋桃的总蛋白和可溶性蛋白含量显著高于伏前桃和晚秋桃,但总淀粉和可溶性糖含量显著低于伏前桃和晚秋桃,“四桃”的粗脂肪含量差异不显著。施用氮肥与DPC均可显著提升“四桃”种子的发芽品质和营养品质。N1处理“四桃”种子的平均籽指与N2没有显著差异,发芽势和发芽率显著高于N2处理;N1处理的种子总蛋白、可溶性蛋白和粗脂肪平均含量显著高于N2处理,但总淀粉、可溶性糖显著低于N2处理。D1处理的种子平均籽指低于D2处理,平均发芽势和发芽率高于D2;D1处理的种子总蛋白、可溶性蛋白、粗脂肪平均含量高于D2,总淀粉、可溶性糖平均含量低于D2。在氮肥与DPC的9个用量组合中,N1D1组合的发芽势、总蛋白、可溶性蛋白和粗脂肪含量均最高,较其他8个处理组合分别增加了3.35%~40.86%、3.80%~43.01%、13.75%~54.86%和1.11%~13.48%。种子的发芽势和发芽率与总蛋白、粗脂肪和可溶性蛋白含量呈极显著正相关,与总淀粉和可溶性糖含量呈极显著负相关。【结论】在黄河流域棉区,棉花伏桃和早秋桃的种子质量明显优于伏前桃和晚秋桃。适宜氮肥与DPC用量组合可显著提高种子总蛋白、粗脂肪和可溶性蛋白含量,降低总淀粉和可溶性糖含量,进而提升发芽势和发芽率。施用常量氮肥(225 kg/hm^(2))配合常量DPC(75 g/hm^(2)),并采收早秋桃和伏桃有利于提升棉花种子质量。 展开更多
关键词 棉花“四桃”种子 氮肥 缩节胺 播种品质 营养品质
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生长调节剂DPC和营养物质KH_2PO_4协同作用对棉苗茎解剖结构的调控效应 被引量:5
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作者 杨兴洪 孙学振 +1 位作者 陈翠容 施培 《西北植物学报》 CAS CSCD 1997年第1期56-60,共5页
在自然光照和遮荫的弱光条件下研究了DPC(助壮素)、KH2PO4(磷酸二氧钾)单独和混合浸种对棉苗茎组织解剖结构的影响,结果表明在两种光照条件下,DPC、KH2PO4对棉苗茎的组织结构都有不同程度的影响。其中以DPC+KH2PO4处理效果优于... 在自然光照和遮荫的弱光条件下研究了DPC(助壮素)、KH2PO4(磷酸二氧钾)单独和混合浸种对棉苗茎组织解剖结构的影响,结果表明在两种光照条件下,DPC、KH2PO4对棉苗茎的组织结构都有不同程度的影响。其中以DPC+KH2PO4处理效果优于单独使用,特别是弱光条件下,此效应更明显。DPC+KH2PO4处理使棉苗茎秆粗壮,茎秆密度(单位茎高度内予物质重)增加.茎中维管组织发育好,维管束数目多,每一维管束中分化的导管数目增多;木质部、韧皮部面积大并且发育较好,因而加强了茎的生理功能;有利于培青壮苗。 展开更多
关键词 没花 幼苗 解剖 结构 助壮素 磷酸二氢钾
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棉花幼苗侧根发生的化学诱导研究 Ⅱ.DPC诱导棉花幼苗侧根发生的效应与机理研究 被引量:5
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作者 何钟佩 李召虎 李丕明 《中国农业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1991年第S1期13-18,共6页
1989~1990年,以陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)中棉12号品种为材料,研究了应用 DPC 浸种和移栽时浸根对幼苗侧根发生的影响。结果表明,两种方式处理均能促进侧根的发生。DPC 处理提高了根中 IAA、CTK 的含量、GA_3的含量也受到调节。IA... 1989~1990年,以陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)中棉12号品种为材料,研究了应用 DPC 浸种和移栽时浸根对幼苗侧根发生的影响。结果表明,两种方式处理均能促进侧根的发生。DPC 处理提高了根中 IAA、CTK 的含量、GA_3的含量也受到调节。IAA/CTK 和IAA/GA_3的值增高。DPC 处理抑制了根中过氧化物酶的活性,降低了棉酚的含量,并增加了多酚氧化酶的活性。作者认为棉花应用 DPC 200ppm 溶液浸种是一项可行的技术。 展开更多
关键词 dpc 棉花幼苗 侧根发生 IAA CTK GA3 过氧化物酶 棉酚 多酚氧化酶
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DPC和KH_2PO_4浸种对棉花叶片光合特性的影响 被引量:3
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作者 杨兴洪 王玮 邹琦 《植物学通报》 CSCD 1999年第3期271-273,共3页
利用缩节安(DPC)和磷酸二氢钾(KH2PO4)单独和混合浸种的方法,对棉籽播前浸种处理,可以增加棉花叶片叶绿素含量,提高PSⅡ光化学活性和原初光能转换效率,以及叶片光合速率。
关键词 棉花 光合特性 缩节安 磷酸二氢钾
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解淀粉芽孢杆菌和其他药剂混配对小麦茎基腐病及产量的影响
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作者 王军 胡英华 +1 位作者 王祥会 张莉 《中国农学通报》 2024年第18期135-139,共5页
本研究旨在寻找针对小麦茎基腐病的有效防控措施。试验采用了3种不同的药剂,包括解淀粉芽孢杆菌(≥100亿CFU/mL)AS、甲哌鎓(5%)AS、噻呋酰胺(240 g/L)SC,并进行不同组合处理以评估其对病害的防控效果,探索该病害的最佳防控途径。试验结... 本研究旨在寻找针对小麦茎基腐病的有效防控措施。试验采用了3种不同的药剂,包括解淀粉芽孢杆菌(≥100亿CFU/mL)AS、甲哌鎓(5%)AS、噻呋酰胺(240 g/L)SC,并进行不同组合处理以评估其对病害的防控效果,探索该病害的最佳防控途径。试验结果显示,苗期调查的结果显示3种药剂组合能显著增加麦苗的4项评价指标,且能显著降低苗期的病株率;在拔节期各处理都能较好的控制小麦茎基腐病的扩散流行,以处理6防控效果最好,病株率为20.00%;灌浆期调查结果表明3种组合能较好控制小麦茎基腐病,病茎率值为23.33%~24.44%,防效为75%以上;测产结果表明3种药剂组合最优,小麦增产率为21.23%以上。试验结果表明,3种药剂组合后使用对于控制该病害能起到较好的防控效果且能使小麦增产,今后生产上可以采用此药剂组合对该病害进行防控。 展开更多
关键词 小麦茎基腐病 解淀粉芽孢杆菌 甲哌鎓 种子包衣 防效
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Exogenous application of bio-stimulants and growth retardants improve nutrient absorption and fiber quality in upland cotton
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作者 Al-Khayri Jameel M. Arif Muhammad +6 位作者 Kareem Shadia Hama Salih Anwar Adeel Dehghanisanij Hossein Emami Somayeh Yasmeen Azra Aftab Komal Negm Mohamed 《Journal of Cotton Research》 CAS 2024年第2期137-147,共11页
Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield stabilit... Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield stability.In the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(MLE)and mepiquat chloride(MC)alone and in combination MC and MLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIM 573)and transgenic one(CIM 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after blooming.Results The application of MC and MLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton yield.Likewise,the combined application of MLE and MC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton cultivars.The application of MLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton cultivars.Similarly,Bt cotton treated with MLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil contents.Treatment in combination(MLE+MC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional cultivar.Conclusion The natural growth enhancer,MLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars. 展开更多
关键词 Bio-stimulant COTTON Fiber quality mepiquat chloride Moringa leaf extract Potassium accumulation Oil contents
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4大棉种对DPC化控效应的差异分析
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作者 徐雅丽 王冀川 +1 位作者 韩秀峰 高山 《安徽农业科学》 CAS 2013年第26期10586-10589,共4页
[目的]研究缩节胺(DPC)对棉属4大栽培种的化控效应。[方法]用不同剂量缩节胺(0、21、42、63 g/hm2)对不同棉花栽培种海岛棉(Gossypium barbadense L.)新海32号、非洲棉(G.herbadense L.)草棉、亚洲棉(G.arboreum L.)中棉和陆地棉(G.hirs... [目的]研究缩节胺(DPC)对棉属4大栽培种的化控效应。[方法]用不同剂量缩节胺(0、21、42、63 g/hm2)对不同棉花栽培种海岛棉(Gossypium barbadense L.)新海32号、非洲棉(G.herbadense L.)草棉、亚洲棉(G.arboreum L.)中棉和陆地棉(G.hirsntum L.)新陆中48进行喷施,观察化控效果,分析其对DPC化控的敏感性。[结果]喷施DPC对4大棉种均有显著的化控效果,表现为双向调节,二倍体棉种调节效应主要体现在植株横向抑制方面,四倍体棉种的调控效果表现较为复杂,与品种特性有关。[结论]4大棉种对DPC化控的敏感度不同,非洲棉反应最敏感,陆地棉敏感度最弱。 展开更多
关键词 棉花栽培种 dpc 化控效应
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李果实甲哌鎓与烯效唑残留量的差异及膳食风险评估
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作者 李萌 周娟 +6 位作者 陈贺 马欢 马婧玮 许海康 李通 安莉 吴绪金 《中国果树》 北大核心 2023年第12期35-41,46,共8页
建立甲哌鎓和烯效唑在李果实中的残留检测方法,分析甲哌鎓和烯效唑残留量差异,评估2种农药残留长期和急性膳食摄入风险。样品前处理为QuEChERS方法,残留检测采用高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法。李果实甲哌鎓和烯效唑在储藏183 d时... 建立甲哌鎓和烯效唑在李果实中的残留检测方法,分析甲哌鎓和烯效唑残留量差异,评估2种农药残留长期和急性膳食摄入风险。样品前处理为QuEChERS方法,残留检测采用高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法。李果实甲哌鎓和烯效唑在储藏183 d时,降解率分别为13%和14%,残留量在本试验条件下储藏较为稳定。李果实甲哌鎓和烯效唑在2个采样间隔期时残留量均小于0.01 mg/kg。甲哌鎓和烯效唑的普通人群国家估算每日摄入量(national estimated daily intake,NEDI)每千克体重分别是0.355 918、0.033 007 mg,分别占每日允许摄入量的2.90%和2.62%。李果实甲哌鎓和烯效唑的所有人群和儿童的国家估算短期摄入量(national estimated short term intake,NESTI)每千克体重均为0.000 095 4 mg;育龄妇女和普通人群及成年群体的国家估算短期摄入量每千克体重均为0.000 127 mg。李果实甲哌鎓的所有人群和儿童的国家估算短期摄入量占急性参考剂量的百分比(ARfD%)均为0.031 8%,育龄妇女和普通人群及成年群体的ARfD%均为0.042 3%;烯效唑的所有人群和儿童的ARfD%均为0.190 8%,育龄妇女和普通人群及成年群体的ARfD%均为0.254 0%。当基质、施药剂量和采收间隔期一致时,采收间隔期2 h时甲哌鎓与烯效唑的残留量有显著性差异,采收间隔期7 d和14 d时2种农药残留量差异不显著,原始沉积量(采样间隔2 h)与农药类型相关,最终残留量与农药消解半衰期和采样时间相关。 展开更多
关键词 甲哌鎓 烯效唑 残留量差异 膳食摄入风险评估
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高温干旱下缩节胺通过调节碳和氨基酸代谢提高Bt棉杀虫蛋白含量的生理机制 被引量:1
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作者 邢羽桐 滕永康 +5 位作者 吴天凡 刘媛媛 陈源 陈媛 陈德华 张祥 《中国农业科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第8期1471-1483,共13页
【目的】探讨高温干旱胁迫下缩节胺(mepiquat chloride,DPC)调控Bt(Bacillus thuringiensis)棉杀虫蛋白含量的生理机制,为高抗虫性Bt棉品种选育及高产高效栽培提供理论依据。【方法】2020—2021年以转Bt抗虫基因抗虫棉品种泗抗3号为材料... 【目的】探讨高温干旱胁迫下缩节胺(mepiquat chloride,DPC)调控Bt(Bacillus thuringiensis)棉杀虫蛋白含量的生理机制,为高抗虫性Bt棉品种选育及高产高效栽培提供理论依据。【方法】2020—2021年以转Bt抗虫基因抗虫棉品种泗抗3号为材料,采用盆栽法,在人工气候室进行高温干旱胁迫,胁迫开始后立即用20 mg·L^(-1) DPC和清水(对照)喷施。7 d后测定铃壳杀虫蛋白含量、α-酮戊二酸含量、丙酮酸含量以及谷氨酸合酶活性、谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量、游离氨基酸含量。并进行转录组测序,利用DESeq进行差异基因分析,通过GO富集和KEGG Pathway数据库注释参与DPC调节杀虫蛋白含量的差异表达基因。【结果】与清水对照相比,DPC可显著提高高温干旱条件下Bt棉铃壳中杀虫蛋白含量,提高幅度达4.7%—11.9%。在碳代谢方面,α-酮戊二酸含量、丙酮酸含量提高46%—57%和25%—29%;在氨基酸代谢方面,谷氨酸合酶活性、谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量、游离氨基酸含量分别提高32%—44%、30%—40%、28%和22%—27%。转录组分析结果表明,DPC处理后上调基因7542条,下调基因10449条。GO和KEGG结果显示,差异基因主要涉及氨基酸代谢、碳代谢等生物过程。其中编码6-磷酸果糖激酶和丙酮酸激酶、谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶、丙酮酸脱氢酶、柠檬酸合酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶和α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶、谷氨酸合酶、吡咯啉-5-羧酸脱氢酶、谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶、N-乙酰谷氨酸合成酶、乙酰鸟氨酸脱乙酰酶基因表达显著上调。【结论】高温干旱下,DPC通过调节碳、氨基酸代谢增加丙氨酸、α-酮戊二酸含量,提高天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丙酮酸和精氨酸合成能力,进而提高Bt棉杀虫蛋白含量。 展开更多
关键词 BT棉 缩节胺 杀虫蛋白 氨基酸代谢 碳代谢
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植物生长延缓剂对藜麦抗倒伏能力及产量的影响
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作者 陈秋静 杨招娣 +4 位作者 王仕玉 郭凤根 赵小雪 陈凡 丰扬 《中国农业科技导报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第11期42-48,共7页
为提高藜麦抗倒伏性,选出降低藜麦倒伏率的最佳植物生长延缓剂水平,采用随机区组试验,以喷施清水为对照,探究多效唑(PP333)、烯效唑(S3307)和缩节胺(MEP)3种植物生长延缓剂在50、100、200和350 mg·L^(-1)时对藜麦生长发育及其产量... 为提高藜麦抗倒伏性,选出降低藜麦倒伏率的最佳植物生长延缓剂水平,采用随机区组试验,以喷施清水为对照,探究多效唑(PP333)、烯效唑(S3307)和缩节胺(MEP)3种植物生长延缓剂在50、100、200和350 mg·L^(-1)时对藜麦生长发育及其产量的影响。结果表明,3种植物生长延缓剂都能有效降低藜麦株高,在一定范围内提高抗折力,降低倒伏指数和倒伏率。其中,烯效唑效果最好,以100 mg·L^(-1)为宜,株高较相同水平的多效唑和缩节胺分别降低6.8%和4.2%,抗折力增加17.4%和25.2%;多效唑在100 mg·L^(-1)时提高抗倒伏能力效果高于其他处理,倒伏率较CK显著降低79.9%;缩节胺在100~200 mg·L^(-1)范围内效果较好。以上结果为藜麦优质种植的化控措施提供了理论参考。 展开更多
关键词 藜麦 多效唑 烯效唑 缩节胺 抗倒伏能力 产量
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UPLC-MS/MS检测小麦中甲哌鎓的残留量 被引量:1
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作者 查欣欣 曲滢 +4 位作者 杜功名 万宏剑 余鹏敏 叶剑 王永青 《现代农药》 CAS 2023年第1期51-53,共3页
本研究建立了采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS),测定小麦籽粒和秸秆中甲哌鎓残留量的分析方法。样品采用乙酸铵-0.1%甲酸水溶液和甲醇提取,提取液经分散固相萃取净化,采用多反应监测模式(MRM),外标法定量测定。结果表明:在0.05~... 本研究建立了采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS),测定小麦籽粒和秸秆中甲哌鎓残留量的分析方法。样品采用乙酸铵-0.1%甲酸水溶液和甲醇提取,提取液经分散固相萃取净化,采用多反应监测模式(MRM),外标法定量测定。结果表明:在0.05~5 mg/L范围内,甲哌鎓的质量浓度与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系(相关系数大于0.999)。添加水平为0.05、0.5、1 mg/kg时,检测方法的平均回收率为78%~103%,相对标准偏差为2.3%~8.9%。此分析方法的线性关系良好,灵敏度和精确性满足农药残留分析要求,可用于生产上小麦中甲哌鎓残留检测分析。 展开更多
关键词 甲哌鎓 小麦 超高效相色谱-串联质谱法 农药残留
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甲哌鎓原药及其制剂的高效液相亲水色谱分析
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作者 王东连 张杰 +1 位作者 严艳伦 姜治国 《农药科学与管理》 CAS 2023年第6期16-21,共6页
采用默克ZIC-HILIC亲水色谱柱进行分离,DAD或VWD检测器进行检测,利用外标法定量。流动相为80%的乙腈+20%的25 mM乙酸铵,柱温30℃,检测波长210 nm。制剂回收率98.87%~101.14%,满足《NY/T 2887-2016农药产品质量分析方法确认指南》相关要... 采用默克ZIC-HILIC亲水色谱柱进行分离,DAD或VWD检测器进行检测,利用外标法定量。流动相为80%的乙腈+20%的25 mM乙酸铵,柱温30℃,检测波长210 nm。制剂回收率98.87%~101.14%,满足《NY/T 2887-2016农药产品质量分析方法确认指南》相关要求。方法操作简便,定量准确。 展开更多
关键词 亲水色谱 甲哌鎓 高效液相色谱 外标法
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多效唑、缩节胺和矮壮素对花生化学调控效应的比较研究 被引量:38
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作者 唐秀梅 刘超 +6 位作者 钟瑞春 蒋菁 韩柱强 贺良琼 李忠 熊发前 唐荣华 《南方农业学报》 CAS CSCD 2011年第6期603-605,共3页
【目的】筛选出适宜花生生长的植物生长调节剂及其最佳喷施浓度,为花生生产提供技术指导。【方法】以桂花771为试材,设不同浓度3种植物生长调节剂为处理,分别为多效唑(150、250、350、400mg/L)、缩节胺(200、250、300mg/L)和矮壮素... 【目的】筛选出适宜花生生长的植物生长调节剂及其最佳喷施浓度,为花生生产提供技术指导。【方法】以桂花771为试材,设不同浓度3种植物生长调节剂为处理,分别为多效唑(150、250、350、400mg/L)、缩节胺(200、250、300mg/L)和矮壮素(100、150、200mg/L),调查花生农艺性状和产量。【结果】3种植物生长调节剂对花生植株生长的抑制程度顺序为:多效唑〉缩节胺〉矮壮素。多效唑、缩节胺和矮壮素分别在400、250和200mg/L时对花生植株生长的抑制程度最大。经多效唑处理的桂花771单株荚果数、单株生产力、产量分别较对照降低。250mg/L缩节胺处理花生单株生产力和产量均高于对照,但差异不显著。200mg/L矮壮素处理花生单株荚果数、单株生产力、产量达到最大值,分别比对照增加了15.7%、23.5%和17.0%。【结论】250mg/L缩节胺和100-200mg/L矮壮素可适当降低花生植株的伸长量,提高花生产量,其中200mg/L矮壮素对花生的化学调控增产效应最好。 展开更多
关键词 花生 多效唑 缩节胺 矮壮素 调控效应
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甲哌鎓对棉花幼苗侧根发生的诱导效应和机理研究 被引量:11
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作者 段留生 张一 +2 位作者 唐祚舜 何钟佩 翟志席 《西北植物学报》 CAS CSCD 2002年第4期877-882,共6页
以陆地棉 (Gossypium hirsutum L.)中棉所 1 6和中棉所 2 9号为试验材料 ,用垂直板培养法试验结果表明 :40 0 mg· L-1 甲哌钅翁 (DPC)浸种处理显著促进棉花侧根发生 ,侧根原基发生量、发育速度和发生区长度都显著增加。去除侧根后 ... 以陆地棉 (Gossypium hirsutum L.)中棉所 1 6和中棉所 2 9号为试验材料 ,用垂直板培养法试验结果表明 :40 0 mg· L-1 甲哌钅翁 (DPC)浸种处理显著促进棉花侧根发生 ,侧根原基发生量、发育速度和发生区长度都显著增加。去除侧根后 ,DPC增加侧根原基发生量和发育速度。在低温逆境情况下 ,DPC显著促进侧根发生 ,对增加抗低温能力有利。DPC处理提高了幼苗主根中部生长素、玉米素及其核苷含量 ,可能是诱导侧根发生的内在原因。 展开更多
关键词 甲哌Weng 棉花 幼苗 侧根发生 诱导效应 机理
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