Exploring“Enabling Behaviours”of Wives of Persons with Substance Use Disorder in Chapter 8 of the Big Book of Alcoholic Anonymous

Substance use disorder has a damaging effect on the family members of alcoholics and drug users.On the other hand,the reactions and behaviours of family members may negatively influence a person with substance use disorder.The behaviours of significant others of a person with substance use disorder that contribute to the maintenance of substance use disorder are called enabling.This study aimed to explore enabling behaviours of wives of persons with substance use disorder in Chapter 8 of Alcoholic Anonymous’Big Book by utilising qualitative content analysis.Alcoholics Anonymous(AA)is one of the most commonly used programs for recovery from alcoholism.The current study sought to help mental health professionals get a better understanding of the views and premises of the AA program in reference to enabling behaviours of wives by conducting a qualitative content analysis of the AA Big Book.The study also discusses the healthy behaviours suggested by the authors of the Big Book and the comprehensiveness of the text for the readers.

一种高效的M-merchants微支付方案

随着电子商务的发展,安全、有效的电子支付方案显得特别重要。最近,在网上提供有偿的信息服务变得越来越普通。微支付为满足这类需要提供了有效的手段。以基于信用的一个著名的微支付方案PayWord为基础提出多支付链、多商家的较为高效的微支付方案。

Qingdao Merchants and Society(1897-1938)

Merchants are an integral part of society.Qingdao merchants played a special role in history,especially in German colonial period and Japanese occupation.They were not only forerunners of the economy,politics and culture in Qingdao,but also backbone of patriotic and right protection movements.They made most out of the special social status,negotiating with,even protesting against the colonial authorities,thereby to some extent,safeguarding Chinese people's interests.Qingdao merchants have played an indispensable part in the development of society.

Contributions of Overseas Chinese Merchants in South Seas to the Development of Shanghai's International Trade in Modern Times

Contributions of Overseas Chinese Merchants in South Seas to the Development of Shanghai's International Trade in Modern

Unsecured Life: The Experience of the Veteran Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Wives

Introduction: Disputativeness and incitement are one of the consequences of the posttraumatic stress disorder which causes intimacy reduction in veteran wives. This study was done with the aim of expressing the veteran posttraumatic stress disorder wives. Method: This qualitative study was done by qualitative content analysis method and 14 participants took part in this study who were all PTSD veteran wives in Golestan province in Iran. Data was gathered by semi-structured interview and by purposive sampling and was continued to the data well saturated. Data analysis was continuously done at the same time as collecting the data. Findings: The main theme and the eleven subtheme included: 1) Entanglement with wife condition: Not willing to have medicine treatment, frequent hospitalized, increasing the problems as the age goes up medicine, dependency on taking medicine, unpredictable wife behavior;2) life erosion: Living along with fear, lost life;3) stressful atmosphere in the house: Physical fight, unsecured feeling in the house, sensitive to noise;4) being worry about future: Hopelessness, spoiled life. These were the main points of this study which cause the unsecured atmosphere for the families. Conclusion: Veteran in ability in controlling their anger causes emotional problems, intimacy decreasing and marriage dissatisfaction, anxiousness and being worry about future. Social and family supports such as consulting services, informative and educational systems have an important role in wives compatibility and life promotion.

商科专业创新创业素质教育的MERCHANTS模式探索

创新创业素质教育是当前教育教学的先进理念,也是教育体制改革顺应市场发展的必然选择本文基于商科专业的教学实践经验,提出独具特色的MERCHANTS创新创业素质教育模式,提倡从专业、企业、研究、竞赛、硬件、社团、创新、导师、制度九个方面加强创新创业素质教育,并从教学实效、学术交流、社会评价三方面阐述其实践意义。希望对广大商科专业培养创新创业人才提供借鉴。

Urban Social Mobility Plight of City Wives from Countryside

Through field investigation,this paper discusses the social mobility of city wives from countryside and analyses the causes of the upward social mobility plight of this group in urban society.The author believes that city wives from countryside cannot continue to move upward in urban society because of their lack of culture capital and social capital.To break such plight of upward mobility for the group demands the system renovation.

A Model Victorian Gentleman——An Analysis of the character of Mr.Gibson in Wives and Daughters

In Mrs.Gaskell’s Wives and Daughters,she successfully depicted the male character,Mr.Gibson,leaving the world a model man who is sensible,loving,honest,responsible,observant,intelligent,generous,kind-hearted and full of self-esteem,a model Victorian gentleman.

The Rise of Women’s Education and the Modernity of East Asia:Focusing on the Education of“Virtuous Wives and Worthy Mothers”in China and Japan

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan.Looking back on the past and forward to the future,we realize modernity has become a critical issue that not only China and Japan,but the whole East Asian region should pay attention to.China and Japan are both within the“Circle of Confucius Culture”and are both modern latecomer countries.As they were coerced by western countries to enter the modern age,they shared multiple common features.An exploration of the two countries’respective rising of modern women’s education is an important path to discuss the reconstruction of gender and an important method of the course of the embodiment of east-Asian women into modernization drives.With regards to conclusion,entering the modern age,Chinese and Japanese intellectuals reshaped the female gender in terms of interpersonal relationship,value system,and knowledge structure by advocating the idea of“virtuous wives and worthy mothers”education.In the concept of virtuous wives and worthy mothers in East Asia,the Confucian ethics of“docility and virtue”is the soul,and modern scientific knowledge serves this core value.On the other hand,in the course of localization in China and Japan,this imported concept from the West has encountered a completely different historical fate.

Psychological Health of Wives’of Patients with Chronic Illnesses

Objectives:Chronic illnesses are more prevalent in males.The expectations of caregiving,thus falls on the women.Role expectations from women,increases stress,strain and the possibility of Psychological health concerns.In this paper,we explore the psychological health,as well as the levels of marital and sexual satisfaction of women caregivers.Method:The sample consisted of 35 women,whose husbands were diagnosed with,and undergoing treatment for a chronic illness(Coronary Heart Disease(CHD);Diabetes;or Cancer).Three standardized questionnaires,the Index of Marital Satisfaction(IMS),Index of Sexual Satisfaction(ISS)and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21(DASS 21)were used.Results:Correlational and predictive analysis were conducted on the data.Clinically significant marital and sexual dissatisfaction were found.Wives’also reported moderate levels of depression and anxiety,but severe levels of stress.Depression and Sexual satisfaction were found to be significant predictors of marital satisfaction.Discussion:Women caregiver are impacted by the illness status of their spouse.The additional stress of caregiving,along with societally ascribed roles and responsibilities on women creates a more difficult,stressful environment,which affects psychological health and well-being.

An Introduction of Sichuan Merchants

Chengdu,a city with a long history of culture,is in the famous Land of Abundance renowned both at home and abroad.It has brought up the people here with its special nutrients and nurtured generation after generation of Sichuan merchants with its unique cultural ethos.The history of Sichuan merchants lasted long.The ancestors of ancient Sichuan,

Exploring Feminism in The Merchant of Venice

William Shakespeare is the most well-known playwright in the world.The Merchant of Venice is one of the four great comedies by William Shakespeare.It is set during the Elizabethan period with rapid economic development and wide spread Renaissance humanism.Kindness and love are the main themes of the play.Against the backdrop of the spirit of humanism,the female characters in the play have preliminary feminist spirit and subject consciousness though there are some limitations.This article analyzes the feminist spirit in the play and women’s progress on their road of liberation.It suggests that while reflecting the initial emancipation of women in the West in the 16th century,the play also reveals the reality of the enormous social barriers on the road of women’s emancipation.The emancipation of women is an enduring topic in the development of society and a goal that people all over the world are still striving for.

考虑参数随机性的压实黄土蠕变变形不确定性分析

现有蠕变模型的计算值为确定值,未能考虑岩土材料和参数评估过程中的随机性。为反映岩土材料的变形随机特性,基于多次重复的一维固结蠕变试验,本文研究了分级和分别加载条件下压实黄土的蠕变特性,建立了考虑参数随机性的改进Merchant模型,提出了一种蠕变变形的不确定性预测方法,并通过延安高填方工程进行了验证。结果表明,压实黄土具有明显的衰减蠕变特性,引入非线性元件的Merchant模型能更好描述土体的应变时间关系,考虑参数随机性的模型计算值近似服从正态分布;通过不确定性预测方法可以获得蠕变变形值的概率云图,且工程实测蠕变变形值落在预测范围的95%的置信区间内,说明了考虑参数随机性的蠕变变形不确定性预测方法的有效性。

欠驱商船的自主靠泊轨迹规划研究

针对大型商船在自主靠泊时的轨迹规划任务,分别考虑远码头轨迹规划和码头末端镇定靠泊两部分.基于大型船舶自身特点及限制等多约束分析的分阶段路径规划方法,完成面向大型商船自主靠泊的轨迹规划任务.考虑大型商船自身体型较大,低速运动时船舶的舵效和实船操纵性能差等难题,提出大型船舶自身限制等多约束分析的人工势场法,改进传统人工势场法中存在引力过大、目标不可达的问题.同时考虑镇定阶段船舶自身及泊位信息对船舶艏向和速度的约束,绘制舵角的输出变化曲线,并进行航迹规划,为商船选择合适的航线进行靠泊提供了理论依据.

新徽商精神视域下高校劳动教育课程设计研究

劳动教育课程的首要任务就是要回应“劳动创造了人自身”,在遵循学生成长规律的前提下,有针对性、成体系地去全程、全面培养学生崇尚劳动的精神和自觉践行新时代徽商精神的品质。要以新徽商精神的培养为核心开展高校劳动教育,让学生继承和发扬新时代徽商精神,一方面,要传承新时代徽商立身、处事和济世精神的优良传统;另一方面,还需要结合时代特点,培养学生开拓创新,锐意进取的新时代劳动精神。

万里茶道茶商故事的民族文化交流内涵分析——以“旅蒙商”故事为中心

以旅蒙商为代表的茶商故事在内蒙古地区流传广泛,故事中蕴含着茶商推动茶道沿线各民族文化交流的内涵。创业故事中的旅蒙商在开拓茶叶商路时将晋商精神深化强化;传奇故事中的旅蒙晋商扎根内蒙古,由汉人转变为塞上汉人,从参与内蒙古的发展转变为内蒙古建设的主人翁;草原城市建城故事中的旅蒙商参与草原城市的建设,推动内蒙古民族互篏式交往;婚恋故事中的旅蒙商远道迎娶他族女子并定居于内蒙古,促进了民族交融。万里茶道曾经发挥的促进文明互鉴及文化交流的重要作用,在茶商故事中延续至今。

明清徽商资本组织的转化

资本组织转化是明清商业经营中的普遍现象,徽商也不例外。明清徽商资本组织转化类型分为独资转化为合伙、合伙转化为独资和旧合伙转化为新合伙三种。不同商业中,资本组织转化类型既有单一的,也有多种的。分家、入伙、退伙、拆伙、转卖和重组是资本组织转化的主要方式,人员变故、资本不足和经营不善是资本组织转化的主要原因。资本组织转化是徽商应对经营危机的措施之一,增资增效为资本组织转化的目的所在。资本组织与所有权及所有制相关联,通过包括资本组织转化在内的所有制改革,是改善企业经营不良的重要途径。

晚清洋务企业的外在镜像——以《申报》招商局评论为焦点的考察

晚清著名媒体《申报》对与其同年创办的中国近代第一家民族航运企业轮船招商局多所评论,涉及该局的创办意义、公司制运作、官商关系等多个方面,为该局提供了重要的企业外在镜像。《申报》对于招商局的评论内容丰富,见解深刻,有助于认识该局的社会影响与时代意义,进一步扩大了企业的外部性效应。由此切入,进行考察,或许有助于推进对企业史研究理路的新探。