The Chemical Speciation and Behavior of Mercury and Selenium in the Insoluble Fraction of Striped Dolphin Liver

Most of the mercury and selenium exist in the insoluble fraction of dolphin liver. After the insoluble fraction was digested by alkaline protease in the presence of 1%SDS, approximately 50% of Hg and Se consisted in the supernatant and the others in the residue. Gel filtration chromatography of the hydrolysate showed that 96% of Hg and 87% of Se were combined with the high molecular weight proteins stably, which cannot be substituted by the complex reagents. Mercury and selenium in the residue were confirmed as HgSe crystal.

硒对土壤中汞形态及其生物有效性的影响

利用连续浸提法研究了硒对稻田土壤中汞的形态分布及其生物有效性的影响。结果显示:加硒前后土壤中汞均以有机结合态、元素态和硫化物态为主,这三者占土壤总汞含量的90%以上,而生物有效态汞(包括模拟胃酸提取态和水溶态)仅占土壤总汞含量的0.27%。加硒对土壤中有机结合态和元素态汞的影响最为显著,随着硒添加浓度的增加,有机结合态汞的相对含量呈逐渐下降的趋势,而元素态汞相反,但土壤中其他形态的汞含量变化不显著。加硒可有效降低土壤中无机汞和甲基汞的生物有效性。结合土壤中汞形态及其生物有效性的变化可以推测:有机结合汞是维持土壤中生物有效态汞的重要补偿来源,当其转化成更为惰性的元素汞后,影响有机结合态汞与生物有效态汞之间的平衡,可能是导致土壤中汞生物有效性降低的主要因素。