Background HIV is a neurotropic virus which can cause brain white matter demyelination, gliosis, and other pathological changes that appear as HIV encephalitis or AIDS dementia. The purpose of this study was to invest...Background HIV is a neurotropic virus which can cause brain white matter demyelination, gliosis, and other pathological changes that appear as HIV encephalitis or AIDS dementia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of the diffused condition of water molecules in brain white matter in early acquired immune deficiency syndrome （AIDS） patients using MR diffusion tensor imaging （DTI）. Methods DTI examinations were performed on a Siemens 3.0T MR scanner in 23 AIDS patients with normal brain appearance by conventional MRI and 20 healthy volunteers as the control group. Fractional anisotropy （FA） and apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values were measured in nine regions; corpus callosum （CC） knee, CC body, CC splenium, periventricular white matter, frontal lobe white matter, parietal lobe white matter, occipital lobe white matter, and the anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsule. The mean FA and ADC values from each region were compared in three groups： the symptomatic, asymptomatic and the control. Results The mean FA values were significantly lower and the mean ADC values were significantly higher in all nine regions in patients in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic and control group patients. In the asymptomatic group, the mean FA values were significantly lower and the mean ADC values were significantly higher at the CC knee, CC body, CC splenium, periventricular white matter, frontal lobe white matter and parietal lobe white matter, than in the control group. There were no significant differences at other regions between the two groups. Conclusions The diffused changes of water molecules in brain white matter in AIDS patients are related to brain white matter regions. DTI examination can detect the brain white matter lesions early in AIDS patients.展开更多
目的通过对老年代谢综合征患者进行弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor i maging,DTI)研究,探讨DTI上胼胝体各向异性异常对老年早期认知功能障碍的诊断价值。方法对10对老年代谢综合征患者和正常老年人,进行脑磁共振弥散张量检查,对兴趣区(R...目的通过对老年代谢综合征患者进行弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor i maging,DTI)研究,探讨DTI上胼胝体各向异性异常对老年早期认知功能障碍的诊断价值。方法对10对老年代谢综合征患者和正常老年人,进行脑磁共振弥散张量检查,对兴趣区(ROI)测定各向异性分数(FA)值和表观弥散系数(ADC)值,并与韦氏神经心理学测验结果进行比较。结果老年代谢综合征患者,胼胝体膝部、压部的FA值明显低于正常对照组,而ADC值高于正常对照组。胼胝体压部FA值与言语商、操作商、记忆商呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论老年代谢综合征患者有胼胝体膝部、压部的各向异性下降,反映了脑白质纤维结构的破坏,DTI为认知功能障碍脑内微观结构改变提供了客观依据,胼胝体压部FA值可作为判断认知功能损害的参考指标。展开更多
目的应用磁共振波谱(Magnetic Resonance Spectrum,MRS)及磁共振弥散张量成像(Diffusion Ten sor Imaging,DTI)检测代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)患者的脑内代谢物、脑部各向异性(fractional anisotro py,FA)值,早期发现亚临床脑...目的应用磁共振波谱(Magnetic Resonance Spectrum,MRS)及磁共振弥散张量成像(Diffusion Ten sor Imaging,DTI)检测代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)患者的脑内代谢物、脑部各向异性(fractional anisotro py,FA)值,早期发现亚临床脑细胞损害。方法选取病程5年以上、无神经系统损害临床表现的MS患者15例为患者组,及健康体检者17名为对照组,检查一般项目(身高、体重、血压、血糖、血脂、神经功能相关量表评分),并行头颅MRI、DWI、MRS和DTI检查,测定脑部背侧丘脑、扣带回后部、侧脑室后角NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、NAA/Cho的比值及内囊后肢、放射冠区FA值,所测得结果在患者组和对照组,以及患者组中3项代谢异常者与对照组、患者组中2项代谢异常者与对照组间进行比较。结果患者组、患者组中3项代谢异常者、患者组中2项代谢异常者NAA/Cr、NAA/Cho在背侧丘脑、扣带回后部、侧脑室后角均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),Cho/Cr在扣带回后部、侧脑室后角高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。患者组双侧内囊后肢、右放射冠区FA值均低于对照组(均P﹤0.05);患者组3项代谢异常者双侧内囊后肢及右放射冠区较对照组降低(均P﹤0.05);患者组2项代谢异常者仅右侧放射冠区较对照组降低(P﹤0.05)。结论病程5年以上的MS患者在背侧丘脑、扣带回后部、侧脑室后角的脑细胞代谢及在内囊后肢、放射冠区的神经纤维微结构已有损害。展开更多
Glaucoma is a chronic, progressive optic neuropathy characterized by the loss of peripheral vision first and then central vision. Clinically, normal tension glaucoma is considered a special subtype of glaucoma, in whi...Glaucoma is a chronic, progressive optic neuropathy characterized by the loss of peripheral vision first and then central vision. Clinically, normal tension glaucoma is considered a special subtype of glaucoma, in which the patient’s intraocular pressure is within the normal range, but the patient experiences typical glaucomatous changes. However, increasing evidence has challenged the traditional pathophysiological view of normal tension glaucoma, which is based only on intraocular pressure, and breakthroughs in central nervous system imaging may now greatly increase our knowledge about the mechanisms underlying normal tension glaucoma. In this article, we review the latest progress in understanding the pathogenesis of normal tension glaucoma and in developing imaging techniques to detect it, to strengthen the appreciation for the connection between normal tension glaucoma and the brain.展开更多
目的:采用磁共振扩散张量成像(MR-DTI)对腕管综合征(CTS)患者局部注射类固醇的疗效进行评价。方法:纳入本院临床确诊并接受超声引导下类固醇局部注射的CTS患者30例(30个腕管),分别于术前1周及术后1个月测量其正中神经(MN)在尺桡远端关节...目的:采用磁共振扩散张量成像(MR-DTI)对腕管综合征(CTS)患者局部注射类固醇的疗效进行评价。方法:纳入本院临床确诊并接受超声引导下类固醇局部注射的CTS患者30例(30个腕管),分别于术前1周及术后1个月测量其正中神经(MN)在尺桡远端关节(DRUJ)、豌豆骨(P)、钩状骨(H)三个层面的部分各向异性值(FA)和表观扩散系数(ADC)值,并记录其波士顿CTS问卷评分,比较其差异并进行相关性分析。结果:与治疗前[(1.46±0.13)×10-3 mm 2/s]比较,局部注射类固醇后[(1.28±0.11)×10-3 mm 2/s]豌豆骨水平的ADC值降低(P<0.05),而其FA值未见升高(0.46±0.05 vs.0.48±0.08,P>0.05)。在DRUJ和H水平,FA值(0.54±0.05 vs.0.58±0.10;0.43±0.07 vs.0.44±0.11)和ADC值[(1.22±0.15)×10-3 mm 2/s vs.(1.15±0.19)×10-3 mm 2/s;(1.46±0.15)×10-3 mm 2/s vs.(1.43±0.12)×10-3 mm 2/s]在治疗前后未见明显变化(P>0.05)。豌豆骨水平的ADC差值与BCTQ评分差值呈正相关(r=0.681,P<0.05)。结论:MR-DTI可用于CTS患者保守治疗后的影像随访,豌豆骨水平的ADC值可用于CTS患者局部类固醇注射治疗后的疗效评价。展开更多
文摘Background HIV is a neurotropic virus which can cause brain white matter demyelination, gliosis, and other pathological changes that appear as HIV encephalitis or AIDS dementia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of the diffused condition of water molecules in brain white matter in early acquired immune deficiency syndrome （AIDS） patients using MR diffusion tensor imaging （DTI）. Methods DTI examinations were performed on a Siemens 3.0T MR scanner in 23 AIDS patients with normal brain appearance by conventional MRI and 20 healthy volunteers as the control group. Fractional anisotropy （FA） and apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values were measured in nine regions; corpus callosum （CC） knee, CC body, CC splenium, periventricular white matter, frontal lobe white matter, parietal lobe white matter, occipital lobe white matter, and the anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsule. The mean FA and ADC values from each region were compared in three groups： the symptomatic, asymptomatic and the control. Results The mean FA values were significantly lower and the mean ADC values were significantly higher in all nine regions in patients in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic and control group patients. In the asymptomatic group, the mean FA values were significantly lower and the mean ADC values were significantly higher at the CC knee, CC body, CC splenium, periventricular white matter, frontal lobe white matter and parietal lobe white matter, than in the control group. There were no significant differences at other regions between the two groups. Conclusions The diffused changes of water molecules in brain white matter in AIDS patients are related to brain white matter regions. DTI examination can detect the brain white matter lesions early in AIDS patients.
文摘目的通过对老年代谢综合征患者进行弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor i maging,DTI)研究,探讨DTI上胼胝体各向异性异常对老年早期认知功能障碍的诊断价值。方法对10对老年代谢综合征患者和正常老年人,进行脑磁共振弥散张量检查,对兴趣区(ROI)测定各向异性分数(FA)值和表观弥散系数(ADC)值,并与韦氏神经心理学测验结果进行比较。结果老年代谢综合征患者,胼胝体膝部、压部的FA值明显低于正常对照组,而ADC值高于正常对照组。胼胝体压部FA值与言语商、操作商、记忆商呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论老年代谢综合征患者有胼胝体膝部、压部的各向异性下降,反映了脑白质纤维结构的破坏,DTI为认知功能障碍脑内微观结构改变提供了客观依据,胼胝体压部FA值可作为判断认知功能损害的参考指标。
文摘目的应用磁共振波谱(Magnetic Resonance Spectrum,MRS)及磁共振弥散张量成像(Diffusion Ten sor Imaging,DTI)检测代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)患者的脑内代谢物、脑部各向异性(fractional anisotro py,FA)值,早期发现亚临床脑细胞损害。方法选取病程5年以上、无神经系统损害临床表现的MS患者15例为患者组,及健康体检者17名为对照组,检查一般项目(身高、体重、血压、血糖、血脂、神经功能相关量表评分),并行头颅MRI、DWI、MRS和DTI检查,测定脑部背侧丘脑、扣带回后部、侧脑室后角NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、NAA/Cho的比值及内囊后肢、放射冠区FA值,所测得结果在患者组和对照组,以及患者组中3项代谢异常者与对照组、患者组中2项代谢异常者与对照组间进行比较。结果患者组、患者组中3项代谢异常者、患者组中2项代谢异常者NAA/Cr、NAA/Cho在背侧丘脑、扣带回后部、侧脑室后角均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),Cho/Cr在扣带回后部、侧脑室后角高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。患者组双侧内囊后肢、右放射冠区FA值均低于对照组(均P﹤0.05);患者组3项代谢异常者双侧内囊后肢及右放射冠区较对照组降低(均P﹤0.05);患者组2项代谢异常者仅右侧放射冠区较对照组降低(P﹤0.05)。结论病程5年以上的MS患者在背侧丘脑、扣带回后部、侧脑室后角的脑细胞代谢及在内囊后肢、放射冠区的神经纤维微结构已有损害。
基金supported in part by the National Basic Research Program of China,No.81300766(to XSM)the Cultivation and Innovation Fund from the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University,China,No.802168(to XSM)+2 种基金the fund of Leading Talents of Guangdong Province,China,No.87014002(to KFS)the fund of Ningxia Key Research and Development Program(Yinchuan,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China)Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities,China,No.B14036(to KFS)
文摘Glaucoma is a chronic, progressive optic neuropathy characterized by the loss of peripheral vision first and then central vision. Clinically, normal tension glaucoma is considered a special subtype of glaucoma, in which the patient’s intraocular pressure is within the normal range, but the patient experiences typical glaucomatous changes. However, increasing evidence has challenged the traditional pathophysiological view of normal tension glaucoma, which is based only on intraocular pressure, and breakthroughs in central nervous system imaging may now greatly increase our knowledge about the mechanisms underlying normal tension glaucoma. In this article, we review the latest progress in understanding the pathogenesis of normal tension glaucoma and in developing imaging techniques to detect it, to strengthen the appreciation for the connection between normal tension glaucoma and the brain.
文摘目的:采用磁共振扩散张量成像(MR-DTI)对腕管综合征(CTS)患者局部注射类固醇的疗效进行评价。方法:纳入本院临床确诊并接受超声引导下类固醇局部注射的CTS患者30例(30个腕管),分别于术前1周及术后1个月测量其正中神经(MN)在尺桡远端关节(DRUJ)、豌豆骨(P)、钩状骨(H)三个层面的部分各向异性值(FA)和表观扩散系数(ADC)值,并记录其波士顿CTS问卷评分,比较其差异并进行相关性分析。结果:与治疗前[(1.46±0.13)×10-3 mm 2/s]比较,局部注射类固醇后[(1.28±0.11)×10-3 mm 2/s]豌豆骨水平的ADC值降低(P<0.05),而其FA值未见升高(0.46±0.05 vs.0.48±0.08,P>0.05)。在DRUJ和H水平,FA值(0.54±0.05 vs.0.58±0.10;0.43±0.07 vs.0.44±0.11)和ADC值[(1.22±0.15)×10-3 mm 2/s vs.(1.15±0.19)×10-3 mm 2/s;(1.46±0.15)×10-3 mm 2/s vs.(1.43±0.12)×10-3 mm 2/s]在治疗前后未见明显变化(P>0.05)。豌豆骨水平的ADC差值与BCTQ评分差值呈正相关(r=0.681,P<0.05)。结论:MR-DTI可用于CTS患者保守治疗后的影像随访,豌豆骨水平的ADC值可用于CTS患者局部类固醇注射治疗后的疗效评价。
