Comparative Study of Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Different Metabolically Healthy Obesity Phenotypes

Aims: Obesity is the major contributor of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but a unique phenotype of obesity known as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) shows healthier metabolic profile; however understanding of their biochemical correlates is poorly understood. Obesity is defined by Body mass index (BMI), but controversy exists regarding ethnic-specific BMI cut-offs. The present study used the Asian Indian BMI cut-offs to assess relationships of MHO phenotypes with oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. Methods: In this case-control study, 299 metabolically-healthy (MH) respondents were divided into four groups as per Asian criteria for obesity: MH non-obese (MHNO), MH overweight (MHOW), MHO and MH severely obese (MHSO). Their oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory markers were measured. Results: Levels of hydroxyl radicals (·OH), fluorescent oxidation products (FLOP), MDA, PCO and inflammatory markers CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 were highest in MHSO phenotype followed by the MHO, MHOW and MHNO groups (p > 0.0001), whereas antioxidant markers, CuZn-SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant activity followed the reverse trend. The MHNO and MHOW groups showed significant difference with regard to (·OH) radicals and FLOP. Moreover, ·OH radicals, FLOP and inflammatory markers were significantly correlated to BMI in MHSO and MHO but not in MHNO and MHOW group. Conclusion: The MHO and MHSO phenotype display differences in terms of OS and inflammatory markers at lower BMI cut-offs, indicating that they may be on the way to becoming “unhealthy” obese. The lower BMI cut-offs proposed by Indian Consensus Group would help in understanding of manifestation of metabolic syndrome.

Metabolically healthy obesity:Is it really healthy for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Metabolically healthy obese(MHO)individuals are reported to have a lower risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in comparison with individuals with metabolic syndrome.However,the association between MHO and type 2 diabetes(T2DM)is still controversial.Some studies indicated that MHO is a favorable phenotype for T2DM,but more studies showed that MHO individuals have an increased risk of developing T2DM compared with metabolically healthy normalweight individuals,especially among those who would acquire metabolically unhealthy obesity.This has been supported by finding insulin resistance and lowgrade inflammatory responses in MHO individuals with a tendency for impaired beta-cell dysfunction.Studies also showed that liver fat accumulation increased the risk of incidence of T2DM in MHO.Here,we reviewed current literature on the relationship between MHO and T2DM,discussed the determinants for the development of diabetes in MHO,and summarized the measures for the prevention of T2DM in MHO.

Metabolically healthy obesity increase risk for hypertension,T2DM and the metabolic syndrome:A community-based cohort study

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of metabolically healthy obesity(MHO)and its relationship with incidence of metabolic syndrome(MetS),type 2diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and hypertension in individuals in the city of Yulin.Methods:We studied 1,666 participants,aged over18years at baseline,with free of components of the MetS except waist criteria.Participants were divided into three groups based on body mass index(Ibm):lean/normal weight(Ibm<23kg/m2),overweight(Ibm,23-24.9kg/m2),obesity(Ibm≥25 kg/m2).The cumulative incidence of MetS,T2DM and hypertension over 5.21years among groups was assessed.Results:The prevalence of MHO was 19.5%in the baseline population.During an average 5.21year follow-up,the cumulative incidence of MetS,T2DM and hypertension in1,666participants were 16.4%,19.1%and 3.9%,respectively.The obesity group had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of MetS(16.4%vs.3.2%,P<0.001),hypertension(19.1%vs.3.7%,P<0.001),and T2DM(3.9%vs.1.6%,P<0.001)compared to the lean/normal weight group.Each kg/m2 of Ibm carried increased risk for T2DM(19%),hypertension(11%)and MetS(13%).Conclusion:Metabolically healthy obesity individuals confer increased risk for hypertension,T2DM and the MetS than their non-obese counterparts.

Drawing lines in the sand: The growing threat of obesity in type 1 diabetes

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Zeng et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Diabetes in 2024.We focus on the epidemiological,pathophysiological,and clinical interplay between obesity and type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM).Overweight and obesity represent a growing threat for modern societies and people with T1DM could not be an exception to this rule.Chronic exogenous insulin administration,genetic and epigenetic factors,and psy-chosocial and behavioral parameters,along with the modern way of life that incorporates unhealthy eating patterns and physical inactivity,set the stage for the increasing obesity rates in T1DM.As our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms that lead to the development of obesity and hyperglycemia expands,it becomes clear that there are overlap zones in the pathophysiology of the two main types of diabetes.Stereotypes regarding strict dividing lines between“autoimmune”and“metabolic”phenotypes increase the risk of trapping physicians into ineffective therapeutic approaches,instead of individualized diabetes care.In this context,the use of adjuncts to insulin therapy that have the potential to alleviate cardiorenal risk and decrease body weight can reduce the burden of obesity in patients with T1DM.

Proteomic analysis of overweight/obesity and related abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism caused by phlegm-dampness retention

Objective:To investigate the proteomic characteristics of overweight/obesity and related abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism caused by phlegm-dampness retention to identify related biomarkers.Methods:Seventy-one subjects were enrolled in the study.We assessed blood glucose,blood lipids,body mass index(BMI),and phlegm-dampness pattern,which was confirmed by a traditional Chinese medicine clinician.Of the participants,we included healthy participants with normal weight(NW,n=23),overweight/obese participants with normal metabolism(ONM,n=19),overweight/obese participants with pre-diabetes(OPD,n=12),and overweight/obese participants with marginally-elevated blood lipids(OML,n=17).Among them,the ONM,OPD,and OML groups were diagnosed with phlegmdampness pattern.The data-independent acquisition(DIA)method was first used to analyze the plasma protein expression of each group,and the relevant differential proteins of each group were screened.The co-expressed proteins were evaluated by Venn analysis.The pathway analyses of the differential proteins were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis(IPA)software.Parallel reaction monitoring(PRM)was used to verify the differential and common proteins in each group.Results:After comparing ONM,OPD,and OML groups with NW group,we identified the differentially expressed proteins(DEPs).Next,we determined the DEPs among OPD,OML,and ONM groups.Using Venn analysis of the DEPs in each group,24 co-expressed proteins were screened.Two co-expressed proteins were verified by PRM.IPA analysis showed that pathways including LXR/RXR activation,acute phase response signaling,and FXR/RXR activation were common to all three groups of phlegmdamp overweight/obesity participants.However,the activation or inhibition of these pathways was different among the three groups.Conclusion:Participants with overweight/obesity have similar proteomic characteristics,though each type shows specific proteomic characteristics.Two co-expressed proteins,VTN and ORM1,are potential biomarkers for glucose and lipid metabolism diseases with overweight/obesity caused by phlegmdampness retention.

Lifestyle Characterization in Mexican Teenagers: Healthy Weight against Overweight and Obesity

Objective: Currently Mexico is one of the 1st places in overweight and obesity in teenagers;the health and nutrition national survey in 2018, expresses a 41.1% of women in teenager’s population and a 35.8% in men. To analyze teenagers’ lifestyles with healthy weight against overweight and obesity. Method: Descriptive, transverse, analytic and comparative, a non-probabilistic sampling distributed up to convenience in 2 groups of cases and controls, with 50 teenagers diagnosed with overweight and obesity and 50 teenagers with healthy weight, in a 12 to 15 years old age range;for previous informed consent, the survey Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II was applied to measure the lifestyles in 6 dimensions. The analysis got a standard deviation and the association of variables U of Mann-Whitney for independent samples. Results: In both teenagers’ groups male gender prevailed with a 76%, the result in teenagers’ group was identified, an average lifestyle with the dimensions of: interpersonal relationships, feeding, physical activity, stress management and spiritual growth and a low level in the dimension of health responsibility. There is a meaningful difference in the variables association in the spiritual growth lifestyle. Conclusions: The evaluation of both groups is similar to an average score;this shows that there is a risk to unleash overweight, obesity and complications in the adult age of the teenager.

Comparative Efficacy of Lifestyle Modifications versus Pharmacotherapy on Weight Loss and Metabolic Health Outcomes: A Comprehensive Review

Background: Obesity has become a serious global public health challenge, given that it leads to various adverse health outcomes that include cardiovascular illnesses, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that, at the end of 2022, 1 out of every 8 individuals were obese, and that the global adult obesity rates have over doubled since 1990, even as the adolescent obesity rates have quadrupled. Thus, as of 2022, nearly 2.5 billion adults, aged 18 years and above, were overweight, with 890 million being obese. Obesity and overweight incidence rate has been gradually increasing over the years, presenting significant challenges to the healthcare systems throughout the globe. In this regard, the objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lifestyle modifications (diet and physical activity) and pharmacotherapy in promoting weight loss and improving metabolic health in overweight adults. Methodology: To attain the above stated study objective, a systematic evaluation of previous studies was carried out, particularly studies that assessed the effectiveness and safety of lifestyle modifications (diet and physical activity) and pharmacotherapy in promoting weight loss and improving metabolic health in overweight adults. The authors have used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in the selection of eligible studies for inclusion in the study. Results: The findings indicate that lifestyle interventions resulted in 5% - 10% weight reduction and significant improvements in metabolic indicators, while pharmacotherapy (GLP-1 receptor agonists) achieved up to 15% weight reduction and considerable metabolic health benefits. Further, comparative studies show lifestyle modifications provide overall health benefits, while medication is necessary for non-responders. Conclusion: Individualized treatment strategies are crucial, and further research is needed on long-term consequences and combination therapies.

Obesity,metabolic health and omics:Current status and future directions

The growing obesity epidemic is becoming a major public health concern,and the associated costs represent a considerable burden on societies.Among the most common complications of severe obesity are the development of hypertension,dyslipidemia,type 2 diabetes,cardiovascular disease,and various types of cancer.Interestingly,some obese individuals have a favorable metabolic profile and appear to be somehow protected from the detrimental effects of excessive adipose tissue accumulation.These individuals remain normoglycemic,insulin sensitive,and hypotensive with proper blood lipid levels,despite their high body mass index and/or waist circumference.Multiple independent observations have led to the concept of the metabolically healthy obese(MHO) phenotype,yet no consensus has been reached to date regarding a universal definition or the main mechanism behind this phenomenon.Recent technological advances and the use of high-throughput analysis techniques have revolutionized different areas of biomedical research.A multi-omics approach,which is used to investigate changes at different molecular levels in an organism or tissue,may provide valuable insights into the interplay between the molecules or pathways and the roles of different factors involved in the mechanisms underlying metabolic health deterioration.The aim of this review is to present the current status regarding the use of omics technologies to investigate the MHO phenotype,as well as the results of targeted analyses conducted in MHO individuals.

Rab18 maintains homeostasis of subcutaneous adipose tissue to prevent obesity-induced metabolic disorders

Metabolically healthy obesity refers to obese individuals who do not develop metabolic disorders.These people store fat in subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT)rather than in visceral adipose tissue(VAT).However,the molecules participating in this specific scenario remain elusive.Rab18,a lipid droplet(LD)-associated protein,mediates the contact between the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)and LDs to facilitate LD growth and maturation.In the present study,we show that the protein level of Rab18 is specifically upregulated in the SAT of obese people and mice.Rab18 adipocyte-specific knockout(Rab18 AKO)mice had a decreased volume ratio of SAT to VAT compared with wildtype mice.When subjected to high-fat diet(HFD),Rab18 AKO mice had increased ER stress and inflammation,reduced adiponectin,and decreased triacylglycerol(TAG)accumulation in SAT.In contrast,TAG accumulation in VAT,brown adipose tissue(BAT)or liver of Rab18AKO mice had a moderate increase without ER stress stimulation.Rab18 AKO mice developed insulin resistance and systematic inflammation.Rab18 AKO mice maintained body temperature in response to acute and chronic cold induction with a thermogenic SAT,similar to the counterpart mice.Furthermore,Rab18-deficient 3T3-L1 adipocytes were more prone to palmitate-induced ER stress,indicating the involvement of Rab18 in alleviating lipid toxicity.Rab18 AKO mice provide a good animal model to investigate metabolic disorders such as impaired SAT.In conclusion,our studies reveal that Rab18 is a key and specific regulator that maintains the proper functions of SAT by alleviating lipid-induced ER stress.

New obesity classification criteria as a tool for bariatricsurgery indication

Obesity plays relevant pathophysiological role in the development of health problems, arising as result of complex interaction of genetic, nutritional, and metabolic factors. Due to the role of adipose tissue in lipid and glucose metabolism, and low grade inflammation, it is necessary to classify obesity on the basis of body fat composition and distribution, rather than the simply increase of body weight, and the Body Mass Index. The new term of adiposopathy(‘‘sick fat'') clearly defines the pathogenic role of adipose tissue. Four phenotypes of obese individuals have been described:(1) normal weight obese(NWO);(2) metabolically obese normal weight;(3) metabolically healthy obese; and(4) metabolically unhealthy obese or "at risk" obese. Moreover, sarcopenic obesity has been related to all the phenotypes. The category of normal weight lean, represented by metabolically healthy normal weight has been classified to distinguish from NWO. It is crucial to recommend a bariatric surgery taking into account adiposopathy and sick fat that occurs with the expansion of fat mass, changing the inflammatory and metabolic profile of the patient. Body fat percentage and genetic polymorphism have to be evaluated to personalize the best bariatric surgery intervention.

Report on Childhood Obesity in China (7) Comparison of NCHS and WGOC

Objective To test the validity of Working Group on Obesity in China （WGOC） reference in screening childhood obesity using obesity-related metabolic syndrome （MS） and its components as disease risk evidence. Methods A total of 2020 adolescents （1007 boys and 1013 girls） aged 14-16 years were sampled in Beijing, China. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements, as well as blood pressure parameters were available. Prevalence of overweight/obesity and related MS risk factors were analyzed across different body mass index （BMI） categories. The sensitivity and specificity of the WGOC cut-offs were compared with those of National Central Health Statistics （NCHS）. Results Significantly high prevalence of MS and its components were found both in the obesity and overweight groups, which were classified by the WGOC and NCHS references. Similar distribution pattern of MS risk factors existed among different BMI categories, but the frequency and clustering of these factors in the obesity group classified by the NCHS were much higher. Owing to its irrelevant high cut-offs for overweight/obesity （especially for girls since the mid- adolescence）, the NCHS reference had a high specificity but a low sensitivity. By contrast, the WGOC reference with a high sensitivity （90.1% for boys and 89.2% for girls） and a relative high specificity （96.4% and 92.8% for obese boys and girls, 78.1% and 68.9% for overweight boys and girls respectively） was more suitable to support the need for early screening, intervention, and treatment of childhood obesity in China. Conclusion High sensitivity is more important than specificity in choosing appropriate screening tools for childhood obesity. Validity test demonstrates that it is rational to use the WGOC reference, established on the basis of the Chinese own reference population as a uniform screening tool for childhood obesity, which can effectively overcome the unnecessary treatment and psychosociai implications of stigmatization caused by misclassification.

Increased BMR in Overweight and Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes may Result from an Increased Fat-free Mass

The study aimed to determine the relationships between the basal metabolic rate（BMR） and body composition of overweight and obese Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus（DM）. This cross-sectional clinical study enrolled 193 Chinese adults with type 2 DM who were overweight（24 kg/m2≤BMI〈28 kg/m2, n=99）, or obese（BMI ≥28 kg/m2, n=94）. Ninety-seven adults with normal BMIs, including 50 DM patients and 47 healthy adults, were recruited as a control group. BMR was measured by indirect calorimetry; predicted BMR was calculated according to the Schofield equation; and the relationships between BMR, body composition, and biochemical results were determined by the Pearson correlation. The results showed that obese DM patients had significantly higher BMRs than both overweight patients（P〈0.05） and patients with normal BMI did（P〈0.05）. The measured BMR was significantly lower than the predicted BMR（P〈0.05） in all groups. Obese and overweight DM patients had significantly greater weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, BMI, body surface area, body fat percentage, fat mass, and fat-free mass than patients with normal BMI. Except for waist circumference, these body composition measurements were significantly increased in obese DM patients when compared with those in overweight DM patients（P〈0.05）. Fat-free mass was closely correlated with BMR in both DM patients（r=0.874, P〈0.01） and in healthy controls（r=0.902, P〈0.01）. It was concluded that overweight and obese Chinese adults with type 2 DM had increased BMRs compared with normal-weight controls, which may result from the difference in fat-free mass.

代谢健康型肥胖与新型简化胰岛素抵抗评价指标的关系探讨

目的探讨代谢健康型肥胖(MHO)与新型简化胰岛素抵抗评价指标的关系。方法选取2020年9月至2021年3月在安徽省宿州市某社区进行健康体检的人群中选择肥胖人群,基于代谢异常情况分为代谢异常型肥胖组(MUO)313例和MHO组118例,同期选取体重及代谢正常人群设为健康对照组(HC)87名。三组均进行一般信息问卷调查以及新型简化胰岛素抵抗评价指标检查,采用单因素及logistic回归模型分析新型胰岛素抵抗评价指标与MHO患者的关系。结果logistic回归分析结果显示,MHO组的TyG-体重指数(TyG-BMI)、TyG-腰围指数(TyG-WC)、胰岛素敏感性评分(e-IS),组间差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论MHO患者与TyG-BMI、TyG-WC、e-IS改变显著相关,发生胰岛素抵抗风险明显增加,为早期干预人群提供理论依据。

不同体重指数青年男性的静息能量消耗特点及预测方程评价

目的:探讨不同体重指数(body mass index,BMI)青年男性静息能量消耗(resting energy expenditure,REE)的特点,比较常见静息代谢率(resting metabolic rate,RMR)预测方程与间接测热法的差异。方法:以2017年12月至2021年6月于北京大学第三医院运动医学科进行静息代谢测试的30名青年男性为研究对象,采用间接测热法测定RMR,采用生物电阻抗法测定体成分。分析研究对象REE的特点,并与11个常见预测方程的推算值进行比较,通过配对t检验和组内相关系数(intra-class correlation coefficient,ICC)评估两者差异。结果:30名青年男性的平均年龄为(26.93±4.16)岁,整体RMR为(1960.17±463.11)kcal/d(1 kcal=4.1868 kJ),其中BMI正常者的RMR为(1744.33±249.62)kcal/d,显著低于超重或肥胖者[(2104.06±520.32)kcal/d](P<0.01),但体质量校正后,BMI正常者的RMR显著高于超重或肥胖者[(24.02±2.61)kcal/(kg·d)vs.(19.98±4.38)kcal/(kg·d),P<0.01];不同BMI受试者的RMR与体质量、脂肪量、去脂体重、体表面积、细胞外液呈显著正相关(P均<0.05)。11个预测方程的预测值与实测值的一致性均不佳(ICC均<0.75),其中,超重或肥胖青年男性采用世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)推荐使用的RMR预测方程的预测值与实测值的一致性相对较高(ICC=0.547,P<0.01)。结论:不同BMI青年男性的RMR存在显著差异,超重或肥胖者要考虑体质量矫正后的RMR情况。不同预测方程的预测值与RMR的实测值一致性较差,建议通过间接测热法准确测定RMR。对于超重和肥胖的青年男性可以考虑采用WHO推荐使用的预测方程计算RMR,但有必要建立适用于不同BMI人群的RMR预测方程。

健康生活方式干预在超重与肥胖儿童中的应用效果

目的探讨健康生活方式干预在超重与肥胖儿童中的应用效果,并随访观察其效果的保持情况,旨在为儿童超重与肥胖的生活方式干预研究提供依据。方法于2020年7~8月招募216例9~16岁有减重意愿的超重与肥胖儿童作为研究对象,采用封闭式28 d的暑期夏令营方式对招募对象进行健康生活方式干预。比较健康生活方式干预前、后招募儿童的身体形态指标、代谢指标及男生和女生肥胖度构成情况;随访3年,观察干预效果维持情况。结果干预后,招募儿童的体重、体质量指数(BMI)均低于干预前(P<0.05)。干预后,招募儿童的甘油三酯、胆固醇、胰岛素水平均低于干预前(P<0.05);干预前、后,招募儿童的血糖水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。干预前、后,不同性别儿童肥胖度构成情况无显著差异(P>0.05)。3年随访期间,除了1例失访者,超重及肥胖儿童的BMI仍在持续改善,体重正常者体重虽有波动,但无1例反弹。结论健康生活方式干预可以有效减轻超重及肥胖儿童的体重,改善血液中甘油三脂和胆固醇水平,但对血糖改善作用不明显;随访期间通过有效的互动可以促进儿童保持健康的生活方式,使得减重效果得以保持。

2023版NICE《肥胖:识别、评估和管理》解读:儿童、青少年与成人超重及肥胖识别与评估部分

超重和肥胖及其相关代谢性疾病患病率逐年增加,已成为亟须解决的全球公共卫生问题。目前,全球范围内已制定和实施了一系列防控措施和方案,但形势尚未得到有效控制。而各个国家和地区对于超重及肥胖的诊断标准仍未统一,也为解决这一问题带来巨大的挑战。因此,该文对2023年英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所《肥胖:识别、评估和管理》中关于儿童、青少年与成人超重及肥胖的识别与评估进行解读,以期为超重及肥胖的综合评估提供简易参考。

肝酶对钢铁工人代谢健康型肥胖与高尿酸血症关联影响

为探讨代谢健康型肥胖(MHO)和高尿酸血症(HUA)之间的关系,以及肝酶相关异常对此关系的影响,采用横断面研究,以参加河北钢铁公司职业体检的6868名钢铁工人为研究对象,采用logistic回归模型和交互效应模型进行数据分析。结果表明:在校正混杂因素后,代谢健康全身肥胖的钢铁工人患HUA的风险增加2.13倍(比值比OR=2.13,95%置信区间CI:1.08~4.21);代谢健康腹型肥胖的钢铁工人患HUA的风险增加2.25倍(OR=2.25,95%CI:1.14~4.45)。在分层分析中,肝酶升高组MHO的钢铁工人HUA患病率显著高于肝酶正常组,不同肥胖表型和肝酶水平之间存在交互作用(P<0.05)。MHO与HUA的高患病率相关。肝酶升高可能改变MHO和HUA之间的关系。

鲁中地区荣复军人静态行为调查及与超重/肥胖、代谢指标的关系研究

目的调查鲁中地区荣复军人的静态行为(SB),并分析其与超重/肥胖、代谢指标的关系。方法整群抽取鲁中潍坊、淄博等地区的荣复军人151例作为调查对象,收集研究对象的一般检查项目资料、实验检查指标及静态行为问卷调查结果。统计分析荣复军人每日静态行为时间及营养代谢异常现状,比较不同体质量指数(BMI)荣复军人的每日静态行为时间,比较不同每日静态行为时间荣复军人的代谢指标异常及超重/肥胖检出情况。结果151例荣复军人的平均每日静态行为时间为(6.43±1.72)h,每日静态行为时间≥6 h的占比为64.24%(97/151);超重/肥胖检出率为60.93%(92/151),血糖异常检出率为33.77%(51/151),甘油三脂异常检出率为27.81%(42/151),胆固醇异常检出率为41.72%(63/151),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇异常检出率为18.54%(28/151),尿酸异常检出率为29.80%(45/151)。正常体重、超重、肥胖荣复军人的每日静态行为时间分别为(5.49±1.40)、(6.31±1.31)、(8.21±1.42)h;与正常体重荣复军人相比,超重和肥胖荣复军人的每日静态行为时间显著增加,且肥胖荣复军人显著长于超重荣复军人(P<0.05)。每日静态行为时间<6 h的荣复军人的血糖异常、甘油三脂异常、胆固醇异常、尿酸异常、超重/肥胖检出率分别为18.52%、12.96%、27.78%、18.52%、31.48%,每日静态行为时间<8 h且≥6 h的荣复军人分别为41.07%、35.71%、48.21%、35.71%、73.21%,每日静态行为时间≥8 h的荣复军人分别为43.90%、36.59%、51.22%、36.59%、82.93%。与每日静态行为时间<6 h的荣复军人相比,每日静态行为时间<8 h且≥6 h或每日静态行为时间≥8 h的荣复军人的超重/肥胖、血糖异常、甘油三酯异常、胆固醇异常、尿酸异常检出率显著升高(P<0.05)。结论荣复军人的每日静态行为时间越长,则BMI、代谢指标异常发生率越高,控制其每日静态行为时间有利于降低超重/肥胖及代谢异常的发生率。

血清维生素D治疗超重肥胖妊娠期糖尿病的疗效

目的:探讨血清维生素D与超重肥胖妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者糖脂代谢、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)的相关性及口服维生素D_(3)的干预效果。方法:选取50例超重肥胖GDM患者(超重肥胖组)及50例非肥胖GDM患者(非肥胖组)为研究对象。比较两组糖脂代谢指标及维生素D_(3)水平。采用Pearson相关性分析血清25-羟基维生素D_(3)[25-(OH)D_(3)]水平与糖脂代谢指标、HOMA-IR的相关性。对两组中维生素不足、缺乏患者,给与口服维生素D_(3)干预,两周后评估干预效果。结果:超重肥胖组患者血清25-(OH)D_(3)水平、维生素D正常者占比低于非肥胖组(P<0.05);患者血清空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白A1c(HbA1c)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、HOMA-IR、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平高于非肥胖组(P<0.05);血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平低于非肥胖组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,超重肥胖组患者血清25-(OH)-D_(3)水平与FBG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR、TC、TG、LDL-C呈负相关(P<0.05);与HDL-C呈正相关(P<0.05)。干预后,维生素不足、缺乏的两组患者25-(OH)-D_(3)水平均高于干预前,且HOMA-IR值均低于干预前(P<0.05),但两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:相较于非肥胖GDM患者,超重肥胖的GDM患者血清25-(OH)D_(3)水平较低,且与糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗相关;补充维生素D_(3)有利于改善维生素D_(3)不足GDM患者胰岛素抵抗情况。