Studies on Agricultural Scientific and Technical Information Core Metadata Register System

To construct the Agricultural Scientific and Technical Information Core Metadata （ASTICM） standard and its expanding principles, and to develop a register system based on ASTICM, the policy and methods of DC （Dublin Core） and SDBCM （Scientific Database Core Metadata） were studied. The construction of ASTICM has started from the proposed elements of the DCMI （Dublin Core Metadata Initiative）, and has expanded the DC and SDBCM with related expanding principles. ASTICM finally includes 75 metadata elements, five expanded principles, and seven application profile creation methods. According to the requirement analysis of a large number of users of agricultural information, a register system based on ASTICM was developed. The ASTICM standard framework and its register system supported the search, sharing, integration exchange and other applications, effectively.

Information Description of Vegetable Planting Metadata Model

[Objective] To study the information description of vegetable planting metadata model. [Method] On the basis of analyzing the data involved in every as- pect of vegetable planting, this paper put forward description schemes of vegetable planting metadata and constructed vegetable planting metadata model by the means of XML/XML schema. [Result] Metadata model of vegetable planting was established, and information description of vegetable planting metadata model was realized by the using of XML Schema. The whole metadata model consists of 7 first-class classifica- tions, including more than 800 information description points which could completely record vegetable planting-related information. [Conclusion] Standards for data collec- tion, management and sharing were provided for the agriculture applications in indus- tries like GAP management of vegetable planting, facility vegetable, food quality traceability, etc.

Research on metadata in manufacturing-oriented EAI

Enterprise application integration （EAI） focuses on the collaboration and interconnection of various information systems, so the basic problem to be solved is how EAI guarantees that the applications will produce consistent presentation of data, message and transaction. The metadata methodology may give us certain good ideas. First, the metadata description method of manufacturing information resource, transaction process and message delivery is put forward on the basis of operation analysis of manufacturing-oriented EAI, and then the tree-structured XML schema of corresponding object is built and a framework of metadata application in the discrete Manufacturing-Oriented EAI is established. Finally, a practical enterprise information integration system in Shanghai Tobacco Machine Co., Ltd. is presented as an example to show how it functions.

DAMS:A Distributed Analytics Metadata Schema

In recent years,implementations enabling Distributed Analytics(DA)have gained considerable attention due to their ability to perform complex analysis tasks on decentralised data by bringing the analysis to the data.These concepts propose privacy-enhancing alternatives to data centralisation approaches,which have restricted applicability in case of sensitive data due to ethical,legal or social aspects.Nevertheless,the immanent problem of DA-enabling architectures is the black-box-alike behaviour of the highly distributed components originating from the lack of semantically enriched descriptions,particularly the absence of basic metadata for data sets or analysis tasks.To approach the mentioned problems,we propose a metadata schema for DA infrastructures,which provides a vocabulary to enrich the involved entities with descriptive semantics.We initially perform a requirement analysis with domain experts to reveal necessary metadata items,which represents the foundation of our schema.Afterwards,we transform the obtained domain expert knowledge into user stories and derive the most significant semantic content.In the final step,we enable machine-readability via RDF(S)and SHACL serialisations.We deploy our schema in a proof-of-concept monitoring dashboard to validate its contribution to the transparency of DA architectures.Additionally,we evaluate the schema’s compliance with the FAIR principles.The evaluation shows that the schema succeeds in increasing transparency while being compliant with most of the FAIR principles.Because a common metadata model is critical for enhancing the compatibility between multiple DA infrastructures,our work lowers data access and analysis barriers.It represents an initial and infrastructure-independent foundation for the FAIRification of DA and the underlying scientific data management.

Building Community Consensus for Scientific Metadata with YAMZ

This paper reports on a demonstration of YAMZ(Yet Another Metadata Zoo)as a mechanism for building community consensus around metadata terms.The demonstration is motivated by the complexity of the metadata standards environment and the need for more user-friendly approaches for researchers to achieve vocabulary consensus.The paper reviews a series of metadata standardization challenges,explores crowdsourcing factors that offer possible solutions,and introduces the YAMZ system.A YAMZ demonstration is presented with members of the Toberer materials science laboratory at the Colorado School of Mines,where there is a need to confirm and maintain a shared understanding for the vocabulary supporting research documentation,data management,and their larger metadata infrastructure.The demonstration involves three key steps:1)Sampling terms for the demonstration,2)Engaging graduate student researchers in the demonstration,and 3)Reflecting on the demonstration.The results of these steps,including examples of the dialog provenance among lab members and voting,show the ease with YAMZ can facilitate building metadata vocabulary consensus.The conclusion discusses implications and highlights next steps.

基于XMLSchema的地理信息元数据模式及存储映射研究

针对传统地理信息元数据模式DTD的局限性,提出采用XML Schema规范地理信息元数据XML文档,并通过XML Schema模式向关系模式的映射来存储XML元数据。文中对地理信息元数据XML Schema的建立进行了详细阐述,对模式转换算法进行了深入研究。应用实例表明基于XML Schema存储映射策略能够完整地将XML地理信息元数据存储于关系数据库中,不仅在一定程度上弥补了DTD的缺点,而且充分利用了关系数据库的优势来管理元数据,有效地实现了关系模式下XML地理信息元数据的存取。

Achieving Transparency:A Metadata Perspective

Transparency is vital to realizing the promise of evidenced-based policymaking,where"evidence-based"means including information as to what data mean and why they should be trusted.Transparency,in turn,requires that enough of this information is provided.Loosely speaking then,transparency is achieved when sufficient documentation is provided.Sufficiency is situation specific,both for the provider and consumer of the documentation.These ideas are presented in two recent Us commissioned reports:The Promise of Evidence-Based Policymaking and Transparency in Statistical Information for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics and All Federal Statistical Agencies.Metadata are a more formalized kind of documentation,and in this paper,we provide and demonstrate necessary,sufficient,and general conditions for achieving transparency from the metadata perspective:conforming to a specification,providing quality metadata,and creating a usable interface to the metadata.These conditions are important for any metadata system,but here the specification is tied to our framework for metadata quality based on the situation-specific needs for transparency.These ideas are described,and their interrelationships are explored.

基于XML Schema技术的IEC 61850通用网关设计

提出了一种实现IEC61850的间隔层可灵活配置的通用网关体系结构,设计了一种新颖的协议映射方法——可扩展置标语言(XML)模式(Schema)元数据为协议及协议映射建模,通用网关利用元数据和元数据映射文件,将间隔层遗留设备的通信协议无缝地转换为IEC61850协议。使用该映射方法使通信网关软件具有灵活配置、通用性强的优点。最后以IEC60870-5-103协议为例,说明了采用XMLSchema对其建模的方法。

基于XML Schema地球系统科学数据的元数据扩展机制

概述目前国内外地学数据共享中元数据的应用,分析地球系统科学数据的学科特点:数据量大、学科复杂、元数据标准多,从而论证在地球系统科学数据共享网的开发和研究中元数据扩展的必要性,论述元数据扩展的基本方法、抽象模型和基本原则,总结地球系统科学数据共享网核心元数据的多学科扩展表达,最后,论述地球系统科学数据共享网中元数据扩展机制的实现,以及利用XMLSchema文档的可扩展性,阐述基于XMLSchema地球系统科学数据的元数据扩展机制,实现地球系统科学数据元数据的多学科扩展。

XML Schema在科学数据库元数据互操作中的应用

XMLSchema是XML的Schema语言,用来描述XML文档的合法结构、内容和约束。以科学数据库元数据标准建设为背景,介绍了XMLSchema及其在科学数据库元数据互操作中的应用情况,并展望了科学数据库元数据互操作研究的发展方向。

基于XML元数据和Schema的Excel信息提取研究

针对地质工作单位中使用的复杂格式的Excel报表中的信息同数据库之间转储的困难,提出了采用XML语言描述的元数据模型来辅助表达Excel报表中的信息。使用XML Schema定义XML元数据语法,使得基于元数据的应用程序来提取Excel报表中信息变得更加灵活通用。

基于XML Schema的MARC元数据描述技术研究

XML Schem是W3C最近推荐的一个用于对XML文件中的信息结构进行定义的规范。本文针对目前广泛存在于各图书馆自动化系统中大量的MARC格式的书目数据,研究了基于XML Schema的MARC元数据描述技术,并重点解决了基于XML Schema的MARC元数据描述问题.从而使得专用的MARC规范格式的书目数据能被转换为普通机器可理解的元数据。

基于XML Schema的CNMARC元数据定义

分析了CNMARC书目数据的结构特点,重点解决了基于XML Schema的CNMARC元数据的描述问题,从而使得专用的书目数据能被转换为机器可理解的结构化元数据。

FAIR Data and Metadata:GNSS Precise Positioning User Perspective

The FAIR principles of Wilkinson et al.[1]are finding their way from research into application domains,one of which is the precise positioning with global satellite navigation systems(GNSS).Current GNSS users demand that data and services are findable online,accessible via open protocols(by both,machines and humans),interoperable with their legacy systems and reusable in various settings.Comprehensive metadata are essential in seamless communication between GNSS data and service providers and their users,and,for decades,geodetic and geospatial standards are efficiently implemented to support this.However,GNSS user community is transforming from precise positioning by highly specialised use by geodetic professionals to every-day precise positioning by autonomous vehicles or wellness obsessed citizens.Moreover,rapid technological developments allow alternative ways of offering data and services to their users.These transforming circumstances warrant a review whether metadata defined in generic geospatial and geodetic standards in use still support FAIR use of modern GNSS data and services across its novel user spectrum.This paper reports the results of current GNSS users'requirements in various application sectors on the way data,metadata and services are provided.We engaged with GNSS stakeholders to validate our findings and to gain understanding on their perception of the FAIR principles.Our results confirm that offering FAIR GNSS data and services is fundamental,but for a confident use of these,there is a need to review the way metadata are offered to the community.Defining standard compliant GNSS community metadata profile and providing relevant metadata with data on-demand,the approach outlined in this paper,is a way to manage current GNSS users'expectations and the way to improve FAIR GNSS data and service delivery for both humans and the machines.

基于XML Schema的地震信息元数据模式及存储映射研究

针对地震数据环境下如何进行信息资源建设、实现信息资源共享的问题,从面向对象的角度出发将UML与XML Schema结合起来,提出一种使用UML建模创建XML Schema元数据的方法。并通过XML Schema模式向关系模式的映射来存储XML元数据。文中对地震信息元数据XML Schema的建立进行了详细阐述,对UML如何转换XMLSchmea进行了深入研究。应用实例表明,基于XML Schema存储映射策略能够完整地将XML地震信息元数据存储于关系数据库中,有效地实现了关系模式下XML地震信息元数据的存取。

An Analysis of Crosswalks from Research Data Schemas to Schema.org

The increased number of data repositories has greatly increased the availability of open data.To enable broad discovery and access to research dataset,some data repositories have begun leveraging the web architecture by embedding structured metadata markup in dataset web landing pages using vocabularies from Schema.org and extensions.This paper aims to examine metadata interoperability for supporting global data discovery.Specifically,the paper reports a survey on which metadata schema has been adopted by participating data repositories,and presents an analysis of crosswalks from fourteen research data schemas to Schema.org.The analysis indicates most descriptive metadata are interoperable among the schemas,the most inconsistent mapping is the rights metadata,and a large gap exists in the structural metadata and controlled vocabularies to specify various property values.The analysis and collated crosswalks can serve as a reference for data repositories when they develop crosswalks from their own schemas to Schema.org,and provide the research data community a benchmark of structured metadata implementation.

Metadata共享体系的实现模型

通过对地理信息标准化发展趋势的分析，认为Ｍｅｔａｄａｔａ是地理信息共享的关键技术，并根据Ｍｅｔａｄａｔａ 的层次关系，提出了实现Ｍｅｔａｄａｔａ 体系的基本模型。结合该模型，作者在Ｍｅｔａｄａｔａ标准草案的基础上，研制了一套基于国家空间信息基础设施（ＮＳＩＩ）的Ｍｅｔａｄａｔａ软件原型。该研究对信息化社会中地学信息的共享具有重要意义。

一种基于XML Schema的仿真资源元数据管理方法

仿真资源包含了模型、数据、文档等建模与仿真领域内所有的资源,是分布式仿真环境的核心,是实现建模与仿真资源重用性和提高仿真应用系统开发效率的重要支撑。元数据的管理是仿真资源管理的基础和重要内容。在介绍元数据概念的基础上,研究了基于XML Schema的元数据描述规范、给出了一种仿真资源元数据管理的实现技术。

Metadata requirements analysis for the emerging Sensor Web

The Sensor Web has emerged from Earth Science research with the development of Web technology,to achieve process automation,sensor interoperation,and service synergy.These promises require the discovery of the right sensor at the right time and the right location with the right quality.Metadata,for sensor,platform,and data,are crucial for achieving such goals.However,analysis and practical use of these metadata reveals that the metadata and their associations are not applicable or suitable for the Sensor Web.The shortfalls are(1)the nonstandard metadata expression language;(2)the missing link between sensor and domain knowledge;(3)the insufficiency in the information for geographic locating and sensor tasking;and(4)the enhanced requirements on the quality,security,and ownership of both sensors and their sensed data.This paper reviews the current standards that have metadata components for the sensor and its platform,especially those from ISO TC211,Open Geospatial Consortium Inc.,and The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Global Change Master Directory.A recommendation on metadata that meets the requirement of crossmission sensor discovery in a pervasive Web environment is derived from them.The recommendation addresses issues on language formalization,sensor geolocation,semantics,quality,and accessibility.Roles of the emerging semantic Web technology for enabling robust discovery of sensor are discussed.

Visualization and level-of-detail of metadata for interactive exploration of Sensor Web

There are several issues with Web-based search interfaces on a Sensor Web data infrastructure.It can be difficult to(1)find the proper keywords for the formulation of queries and(2)explore the information if the user does not have previous knowledge about the particular sensor systems providing the informa-tion.We investigate how the visualization of sensor resources on a 3D Web-based Digital Earth globe organized by level-of-detail(LOD)can enhance search and exploration of information by easing the formulation of geospatial queries against the metadata of sensor systems.Our case study provides an approach inspired by geographical mashups in which freely available functionality and data are flexibly combined.We use PostgreSQL,PostGIS,PHP,and X3D-Earth technologies to allow the Web3D standard and its geospatial component to be used for visual exploration and LOD control of a dynamic scene.Our goal is to facilitate the dynamic exploration of the Sensor Web and to allow the user to seamlessly focus in on a particular sensor system from a set of registered sensor networks deployed across the globe.We present a prototype metadata exploration system featuring LOD for a multiscaled Sensor Web as a Digital Earth application.