Heavy Metal Removal from Water by Adsorption Using Pillared Montmorillonite

Removal of Cu^2＋, Cr^3＋ and Cd^2＋ from aqueous solutions by adsorption on montmorillonite modified by sodium dodecylsulfate （SDS） and hydroxy-alumino-silicate （HAS） was investigated. Experiments were carried out as a function of solution pH, solute concentration, and time. The Langmuir model was adopted to describe the single-solute adsorption isotherm, in which the Langmuir parameters were directly taken from those obtained in single-solute systems. The kinetics of metal ions adsorption was examined and the pseudo-first-order rate constant was finally evaluated.

Comments on“Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions by carbon nanotubes grown on microsized Al_2O_3 particles”

Recently, Hsieh and Horng [1] published the paper entitled as above. In section 3 results and discussion, the authors mentioned the first and the second order kinetic models without any quotations. In fact these two kinetic models have been published [2-5]. In order to distinguish a kinetics model based on the ad- sorption capacity of a solid from the one based on the concentration of a solution, Lagergren＇s first-order rate equation has been called pseudo-first-order [6-7]. The Lagergren＇s equation has been widely cited, but there are far more mistakes made in the quotation and in the reference section of papers, including the title, the author＇s name, journal title, year of publishing, volume, and page number [3]. In addition, the second order kinetic expression for the adsorption systems of divalent metal ions using sphagnum moss peat has been reported by Ho [8].

New insight into adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of the biosorbent from waste activated sludge for heavy metals

The adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of the biosorbent from waste activated sludge were investigated by adsorbing Pb2＋and Zn2＋in aqueous single-metal solutions. A p H value of the metal solutions at 6.0 was beneficial to the high adsorption quantity of the biosorbent. The optimal mass ratio of the biosorbent to metal ions was found to be 2. A higher adsorption quantity of the biosorbent was achieved by keeping the reaction temperature below 55°C. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the biosorption processes, and the developed mathematical equations showed high determination coefficients（above 0.99 for both metal ions） and insignificant lack of fit（p = 0.0838 and 0.0782 for Pb2＋and Zn2＋, respectively）. Atomic force microscopy analyses suggested that the metal elements were adsorbed onto the biosorbent surface via electrostatic interaction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicated the presence of complexation（between –NH2,-CN and metal ions） and ion-exchange（between –COOH and metal ions）. The adsorption mechanisms could be the combined action of electrostatic interaction, complexation and ion-exchange between functional groups and metal ions.

Promising graphdiyne-based nanomaterials for environmental pollutant control

ABSTRACT Environmental pollutants,including gas phase pollutants,liquid organic pollutants,heavy metal ions,and pathogenic bacteria,pose a serious threat to our ecological environment and human health.Effectively addressing these pollutants has become one of the most urgent issues.Graphdiyne(GDY),as an emerging carbon material for environmental remediation,has unique acetylene bonds and abundant pore structures.The unique carbon atomic structure of sp/sp2 hybrid endows it with tunable electronic structure and outstanding physical and chemical properties.This review summarizes the practical applications of GDY-based nanomaterials in the context of environmental pollution control,including carbon monoxide(CO)oxidation,ozone(O_(3))decomposition,heavy metal ion detection and adsorption,organic pollutant degradation,and bacterial inactivation.Furthermore,the structure-performance relationship of GDYbased nanomaterials is analyzed,and the issues and challenges in the field of environmental remediation of GDY-based materials are indicated.

Synthesis of linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly(acrylic acid)-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite as an adsorbent for removal of Pb(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions

The purpose of this work is to remove Pb（II） from the aqueous solution using a type of hydrogel composite. A hydrogel composite consisting of waste linear low density polyethylene, acrylic acid, starch, and organo-montmorillonite was prepared through emulsion polymerization method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, Solid carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy（CNMR））, silicon-29 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy（Si NMR））, and X-ray diffraction spectroscope（（XRD） were applied to characterize the hydrogel composite. The hydrogel composite was then employed as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb（II） from the aqueous solution. The Pb（II）-loaded hydrogel composite was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR））,scanning electron microscopy（SEM））, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（（XPS））. From XPS results, it was found that the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of the hydrogel composite participated in the removal of Pb（II）. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb（II）followed the pseudo-second-order equation. It was also found that the Langmuir model described the adsorption isotherm better than the Freundlich isotherm. The maximum removal capacity of the hydrogel composite for Pb（II） ions was 430 mg/g. Thus, the waste linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly（acrylic acid）-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite could be a promising Pb（II） adsorbent.

The synthesis of MOF derived carbon and its application in water treatment

In recent years,since water pollution has aroused great public concern,various carbon materials have already been widely applied for water treatment.In this respect,tremendous effort has been made to provide different synthesis methods of carbon materials.Among all carbon materials,metal-organic framework(MOF)derived carbon has always been favored as it possesses several appealing merits such as high specific surface area,large pore volume,and outstanding chemical stability.This review presents the latest development of MOFs as templates and precursors for the fabrication of various carbon materials,including porous carbon,nanocarbon,and graphene,which are pyrolyzed at different temperatures.The article also emphasizes on their future trends and perspectives on the application of water treatment.