Despite advances in the treatment of gastric cancer,it remains the world’s second highest cause of cancer death.As gastric cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage,systemic chemotherapy is the mainstay of treat...Despite advances in the treatment of gastric cancer,it remains the world’s second highest cause of cancer death.As gastric cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage,systemic chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for these patients.However,no standard palliative chemotherapy regimen has been accepted for patients with metastatic gastric cancer.Palliative chemotherapy including fluoropyrimidine,platin compounds,docetaxel and epirubicin prolongs survival,and improves a high quality of life to a greater extent than best supportive care.The number of clinical investigations associated with targeted agents has recently increased.Agents targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor 1 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)have been widely tested.Trastuzumab was the first target drug developed,and pivotal phaseⅢtrials showed improved survival when trastuzumab was integrated into cisplatin/fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic gastric cancer.Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy was thus approved to be a new standard of care for patients with HER2-positive advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.Thus,the evaluation of HER2 status in all patients with metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma should be considered.Other agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor,mammalian target of rapamycin,and other biological pathways have also been investigated in clinical trials,but showed little impact on the survival of patients.In this review,systemic chemotherapy and targeted therapies for metastatic gastric cancer in the first-and second-line setting are summarized in the light of recent advances.展开更多
Metabolomics is a field of study in systems biology that involves the identification and quantification of metabolites present in a biological system. Analyzing metabolic differences between unperturbed and perturbed ...Metabolomics is a field of study in systems biology that involves the identification and quantification of metabolites present in a biological system. Analyzing metabolic differences between unperturbed and perturbed networks, such as cancerous and noncancerous samples, can provide insight into underlying disease pathology, disease prognosis and diagnosis. Despite the large number of review articles concerning metabolomics and its application in cancer research, biomarker and drug discovery, these reviews do not focus on a specific type of cancer. Metabolomics may provide biomarkers useful for identification of early stage gastric cancer, potentially addressing an important clinical need. Here, we present a short review on metabolomics as a tool for biomarker discovery in human gastric cancer, with a primary focus on its use as a predictor of anticancer drug chemosensitivity, diagnosis, prognosis, and metastasis.展开更多
We herein present a case involving a 41-year-old woman in whom ultrasound examination revealed multiple liver hemangiomas more than 3 years ago.Follow-up ultrasound examination revealed that the masses had significant...We herein present a case involving a 41-year-old woman in whom ultrasound examination revealed multiple liver hemangiomas more than 3 years ago.Follow-up ultrasound examination revealed that the masses had significantly increased;the largest was located in the right lobe(about 8.2 cm×7.4 cm×6.0cm).Abdominal multidetector computed tomographyrevealed multiple well-circumscribed,heterogeneous,hypodense masses(largest,6.4 cm×6.3 cm×5.0cm)with significant contrast enhancement during the arterial and portal phases and with contrast washout and peripheral enhancement during the delayed phases.Magnetic resonance images demonstrated multiple well-circumscribed,heterogeneous,hypointense hepatic masses with significant contrast enhancement(largest,6.4 cm×6.5 cm×5.1 cm);multiple enlarged porta lymph nodes;and multiple s l i g h t l y e n l a rg e d re t ro p e r i t o n e a l l y m p h n o d e s.Histological and immunohistochemical examination of the right mass biopsy specimen suggested a malignant neoplasm that had originated from a neuroendocrine cell type(grade 2 well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma).After performing a systemic examination to exclude metastasis from an extrahepatic primary site,we considered that the masses had arisen from a primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor with multiple liver metastases.The patient underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using a combination of oxaliplatin(150 mg)mixed with one bottle of gelatin sponge particles(560-710μm)and lipiodol(6 m L).Primary neuroendocrine tumors of the liver are extremely rare.This case is interesting because of the rarity of this neoplasm and previous misdiagnosis as multiple liver hemangiomas.Previously reported cases in the literature are also reviewed.展开更多
Breast cancer can metastasize to other organs following initial treatment.Bones, liver, and the lung are the most common sites of breast cancer metastases.The digestive tract, on the other hand, is rarely involved.The...Breast cancer can metastasize to other organs following initial treatment.Bones, liver, and the lung are the most common sites of breast cancer metastases.The digestive tract, on the other hand, is rarely involved.The incidence of mesorectal metastasis(a special category of rectal metastases) from breast cancer has not been described before.The case reported herein concerns a 68-year-old woman who underwent mastectomy.A pelvic mass with no symptoms was subsequently identified by computed tomography in the patient.We ultimately confirmed that this mass was a metastasis from breast cancer located in the mesorectum using surgical exploration and pathology results.展开更多
Several different isomers of FeC2O4·2H2O can be obtained by using different preparation methods. Up to now, three polymorphs of FeC2O4·2H2O have been reported in the literature. One of them belongs to monocl...Several different isomers of FeC2O4·2H2O can be obtained by using different preparation methods. Up to now, three polymorphs of FeC2O4·2H2O have been reported in the literature. One of them belongs to monoclinie system. The cell parameters are: a=12.05, b=5.57, c=9.76, β=124°18′, and its space group is C2/c. It is called a-FeC2O4·2H2O. Both of the other two belong to orthorhombic system. Their cell parameters and space groups are: a=12.26, b=5.57, c=15.48, Cccm, and a=11.78, b=15.46, c=5.56, Fmm2. The former is β-Fe C2O4·2H2O.展开更多
Objective To detect the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin-and mucin domain-containing protein-3(TIM-3)in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)tissues,and to evaluate the correlation between TIM-3 expression...Objective To detect the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin-and mucin domain-containing protein-3(TIM-3)in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)tissues,and to evaluate the correlation between TIM-3 expression and clinicopathological features and postoperative survival of patients with ESCC.展开更多
Objective To study the clinicopathologic features,immunophenotype,differential diagnosis and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)associated with t(6;11)(p21.2;q13)/MALAT1-TEEB gene fusion.Methods A total of 9 cases ...Objective To study the clinicopathologic features,immunophenotype,differential diagnosis and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)associated with t(6;11)(p21.2;q13)/MALAT1-TEEB gene fusion.Methods A total of 9 cases with such rare tumor were selected for clinicopathologic,immunohistochemical and展开更多
Dora cirkaǔrigardis.Cio en la cambro estisplej komuna.Kaj ankaǔla mezagulino,kiu ak-ceptis sin,prezentis en si nenion eksterordi-naran.Tiu troa ordinareco naskis en Dora sen-ton de elaltigo:si atendis ion alian,ion ...Dora cirkaǔrigardis.Cio en la cambro estisplej komuna.Kaj ankaǔla mezagulino,kiu ak-ceptis sin,prezentis en si nenion eksterordi-naran.Tiu troa ordinareco naskis en Dora sen-ton de elaltigo:si atendis ion alian,ion super-naturan,ion,kio mirigus,kaj vivigus esperon.E1 tiuj altaj esperoj si nun falis al senbrilaciutageco.展开更多
文摘Despite advances in the treatment of gastric cancer,it remains the world’s second highest cause of cancer death.As gastric cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage,systemic chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for these patients.However,no standard palliative chemotherapy regimen has been accepted for patients with metastatic gastric cancer.Palliative chemotherapy including fluoropyrimidine,platin compounds,docetaxel and epirubicin prolongs survival,and improves a high quality of life to a greater extent than best supportive care.The number of clinical investigations associated with targeted agents has recently increased.Agents targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor 1 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)have been widely tested.Trastuzumab was the first target drug developed,and pivotal phaseⅢtrials showed improved survival when trastuzumab was integrated into cisplatin/fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic gastric cancer.Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy was thus approved to be a new standard of care for patients with HER2-positive advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.Thus,the evaluation of HER2 status in all patients with metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma should be considered.Other agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor,mammalian target of rapamycin,and other biological pathways have also been investigated in clinical trials,but showed little impact on the survival of patients.In this review,systemic chemotherapy and targeted therapies for metastatic gastric cancer in the first-and second-line setting are summarized in the light of recent advances.
基金Supported by Research Council of Norway,NO.70174300
文摘Metabolomics is a field of study in systems biology that involves the identification and quantification of metabolites present in a biological system. Analyzing metabolic differences between unperturbed and perturbed networks, such as cancerous and noncancerous samples, can provide insight into underlying disease pathology, disease prognosis and diagnosis. Despite the large number of review articles concerning metabolomics and its application in cancer research, biomarker and drug discovery, these reviews do not focus on a specific type of cancer. Metabolomics may provide biomarkers useful for identification of early stage gastric cancer, potentially addressing an important clinical need. Here, we present a short review on metabolomics as a tool for biomarker discovery in human gastric cancer, with a primary focus on its use as a predictor of anticancer drug chemosensitivity, diagnosis, prognosis, and metastasis.
文摘We herein present a case involving a 41-year-old woman in whom ultrasound examination revealed multiple liver hemangiomas more than 3 years ago.Follow-up ultrasound examination revealed that the masses had significantly increased;the largest was located in the right lobe(about 8.2 cm×7.4 cm×6.0cm).Abdominal multidetector computed tomographyrevealed multiple well-circumscribed,heterogeneous,hypodense masses(largest,6.4 cm×6.3 cm×5.0cm)with significant contrast enhancement during the arterial and portal phases and with contrast washout and peripheral enhancement during the delayed phases.Magnetic resonance images demonstrated multiple well-circumscribed,heterogeneous,hypointense hepatic masses with significant contrast enhancement(largest,6.4 cm×6.5 cm×5.1 cm);multiple enlarged porta lymph nodes;and multiple s l i g h t l y e n l a rg e d re t ro p e r i t o n e a l l y m p h n o d e s.Histological and immunohistochemical examination of the right mass biopsy specimen suggested a malignant neoplasm that had originated from a neuroendocrine cell type(grade 2 well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma).After performing a systemic examination to exclude metastasis from an extrahepatic primary site,we considered that the masses had arisen from a primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor with multiple liver metastases.The patient underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using a combination of oxaliplatin(150 mg)mixed with one bottle of gelatin sponge particles(560-710μm)and lipiodol(6 m L).Primary neuroendocrine tumors of the liver are extremely rare.This case is interesting because of the rarity of this neoplasm and previous misdiagnosis as multiple liver hemangiomas.Previously reported cases in the literature are also reviewed.
基金Supported by Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University,Dalian,Liaoning,China
文摘Breast cancer can metastasize to other organs following initial treatment.Bones, liver, and the lung are the most common sites of breast cancer metastases.The digestive tract, on the other hand, is rarely involved.The incidence of mesorectal metastasis(a special category of rectal metastases) from breast cancer has not been described before.The case reported herein concerns a 68-year-old woman who underwent mastectomy.A pelvic mass with no symptoms was subsequently identified by computed tomography in the patient.We ultimately confirmed that this mass was a metastasis from breast cancer located in the mesorectum using surgical exploration and pathology results.
文摘Several different isomers of FeC2O4·2H2O can be obtained by using different preparation methods. Up to now, three polymorphs of FeC2O4·2H2O have been reported in the literature. One of them belongs to monoclinie system. The cell parameters are: a=12.05, b=5.57, c=9.76, β=124°18′, and its space group is C2/c. It is called a-FeC2O4·2H2O. Both of the other two belong to orthorhombic system. Their cell parameters and space groups are: a=12.26, b=5.57, c=15.48, Cccm, and a=11.78, b=15.46, c=5.56, Fmm2. The former is β-Fe C2O4·2H2O.
文摘Objective To detect the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin-and mucin domain-containing protein-3(TIM-3)in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)tissues,and to evaluate the correlation between TIM-3 expression and clinicopathological features and postoperative survival of patients with ESCC.
文摘Objective To study the clinicopathologic features,immunophenotype,differential diagnosis and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)associated with t(6;11)(p21.2;q13)/MALAT1-TEEB gene fusion.Methods A total of 9 cases with such rare tumor were selected for clinicopathologic,immunohistochemical and
文摘Dora cirkaǔrigardis.Cio en la cambro estisplej komuna.Kaj ankaǔla mezagulino,kiu ak-ceptis sin,prezentis en si nenion eksterordi-naran.Tiu troa ordinareco naskis en Dora sen-ton de elaltigo:si atendis ion alian,ion super-naturan,ion,kio mirigus,kaj vivigus esperon.E1 tiuj altaj esperoj si nun falis al senbrilaciutageco.
