Mg-Li-Al-Zn-RE合金铸态和退火态的组织与性能

制备了Mg-xLi-5Al-1Zn-0.8RE系合金。研究了不同Li含量和均匀化退火工艺对Mg-xLi-5Al-1Zn-0.8RE系合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明,随着Li含量增加,合金的强度下降,塑性变形能力提高;随均匀化退火温度的升高和时间的延长合金中α相发生了融合和长大,显微硬度增加。

Mg-9Li-5Gd-1Zr合金的组织转变及力学性能

采用常规熔炼工艺制备Mg-9Li-5Gd-1Zr合金,考察了合金元素、均匀化热处理及ECAP挤压对Mg-9Li双相合金组织转变与力学性能的影响。结果表明,合金元素Gd和Zr能显著细化Mg-9Li双相合金中的α-Mg相,使其成为细小的条状,并均匀分布于基体中;与形成的具有取向分布的针状Mg3Gd对铸态合金起主要强化作用。均匀化热处理使β-Li基体晶粒明显长大;β-Li基体内的针状Mg3Gd相发生部分溶解、数量急剧减少;条状α-Mg相沿晶界偏聚长大,形成块状;合金强度较铸态略有下降,伸长率显著提高。ECAP一道次挤压在细化基体组织,改善组织均匀性的同时,导致均匀化处理合金中条状α-Mg相和针状Mg3Gd相破碎细化,诱导回溶的Mg3Gd相沿流变方向再次析出,合金较均匀化处理的强度、塑性均有所下降。

不同相Mg-Li合金微弧氧化的成膜特征

为了认识Mg-Li结构对其微弧氧化陶瓷膜的影响,研究了纯α相、α+β双相及纯β相Mg-Li合金在Na2SiO3溶液中微弧氧化的成膜特点。采用ICP-AES测量了微弧氧化时基体中Li+的析出量;通过SEM,EDS,XRD等分析了陶瓷膜表面和截面形貌、元素分布及其相组成;利用测厚仪测量了陶瓷膜的厚度。结果显示:β相基体中的Li在微弧氧化过程中的析出量超过α相和α+β相;α相击穿电压最低,最终槽压最大;α+β相膜层最为均匀,孔洞最少;陶瓷膜均由O,Na,Mg,Si 4种元素组成;α相膜层由MgO相组成,α+β相和β相膜层均由MgO和Mg2SiO4两相组成;α相基体表面膜层最厚,膜层厚度随时间都呈近似抛物线变化。

Mg-Li-Al合金光学金相(OM)的研究

通过对LA141和LAZ933两种Mg-Li合金使用不同的腐蚀剂来制取金相,实验结果获得了制取Mg-Li合金金相的可行方法。对Mg-Li合金的研究提供了切实可行的辅助方法,解决了Mg-Li合金研究过程中的一大困难。

Mg-Li合金表面芳烃的还原

利用浸渍法研究了不同有机物体系(芳烃类)在Mg-Li合金表面的还原反应.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析测试手段,考察了不同的反应物及其不同含量对有机还原反应的影响.结果表明,当反应物苯、异丙醇和氯化铵体积比为3∶2∶1时,苯在Mg-Li合金表面被还原,镁被氧化为Mg(OH)2并可能与有机物通过共价键形成类似于JPCDS标准卡片中复杂结构的C4H6MgO4,且在合金表面生长出棒状、针状等物质.

铸态Mg-9Li-xAl合金的组织和力学性能

采用重力铸造制备了Mg-9Li-xAl(Al的质量分数x为0,3%,6%,9%)合金。试验研究了不同铝含量的Mg-9Li-xAl合金的组织和力学性能。结果表明,铝的质量分数x对Mg-9Li-xAl合金中的晶粒大小及晶粒分布有很大影响。当w(Al)=6%时,大量的小块状AlLi相出现在合金中并均匀地分布在β-Li基体上。当铝含量过多时,AlLi会由小块状转变为片状贯穿分布在β-Li基体上。合金的强度随着铝含量的增加先增加后降低,伸长率随着铝含量的增加而逐渐降低。当w(Al)=6%时,其强度到达最大,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到了136.8 N/mm^2和186.5N/mm^2。

Ca对变形Mg-9Li-2Zn合金显微组织和机械性能的影响

实验熔制了Mg9％Li-2％Zn（质量分数）合金并研究了添加质量分数为0.1％～0．5％的巳对合金的影响．合金板材具有良好的冷加工性能，室温下可以轧成2mm厚的薄板．研究了微量元素巳对板材显微组织和机械性能的影响．室温下对板材进行拉伸测试，结果表明添加元素已能够提高合金的机械性能，当添加质量分数为0．1％的Ca时，板材的抗拉强度和延伸率分别提高了19％和6％，随着Ca含量的增加，强度略有提高而延伸率下降．通过显微观察可知，Ca对显微组织有细化作用，其中含Ca0．1％时效果最明显．通过分析结果可知Ca在晶界处的吸附致使显微组织细化，进而影响了板材的机械性能．

超轻Mg-Li-Al系变形镁合金冷轧及热处理后的组织和性能

研究了超轻变形镁合金Mg (5% ~ 22%)Li 2%Al冷轧性能,热处理特性以及机械性能。合金的密度为1.206~1.642g/cm3。在室温条件下β相合金(16%和22%(质量分数)Li)具有非常良好的延展性,压下极限可达到90%以上。研究了Mg Li Al 系变形镁合金铸锭经不同温度、时间均匀化退火后的组织性能。对均匀化后的合金锭进行了冷轧,轧后板材在不同温度下进行了退火,研究其再结晶行为及组织性能。结果表明, Mg 9Li 2Al 2Ca合金在573K温度均匀化退火12h后合金铸锭组织均匀,有利于冷轧开坯变形;而对于Mg 9Li 2Al 合金, 523K 温度均匀化退火24h后组织较好。冷轧合金板材在573K温度退火1h 可发生完全再结晶,生成细小均匀的等轴晶组织。

电磁搅拌对Mg-8Li-3Al合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

研究了不同强度的电磁搅拌对Mg-8Li-3Al合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,电磁搅拌能改善凝固过程的传热传质,细化枝晶,提高合金的抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度。当施加的电磁场电压为100V时,Mg-8Li-3Al合金的显微组织细小均匀,室温抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度(HB)分别达到212.9MPa、10.5%和71.3,合金的组织和力学性能达到最佳。

均质化制度对Mg-Li合金显微组织和机械性能的影响

研究了超轻镁锂变形合金热处理后的合金显微组织和机械性能。镁锂合金在室温条件下具有非常良好的延展性，Mg—Li—Zn系变形镁合金铸锭经不同温度、时间均匀化退火后的组织、硬度以及冷轧性能进行了研究。结果表明。Mg．9％Li-2％Zn-2％Ca合金在573K温度均匀化退火12h后合金铸锭组织均匀；而对于Mg-9％Li-2％Zn合金，523K温度均匀化退火24h后组织较好。

Deformation behavior and constitutive model for dual-phase Mg-Li alloy at elevated temperatures

In order to study the deformation behavior and evaluate the workability of the dual-phase Mg-9Li-3Al-2Sr alloy, isothermal hot compression tests were conducted using the Gleeble-3500 thermal-mechanical simulator, in ranges of elevated temperatures （423-573 K） and strain rates （0.001-1 s^-1）. Plastic instability is evident during the deformation which is in the form of serrated flow; serrated yielding is attributed to the locking of mobile dislocations by the Mg and Li atoms which diffuse during the deformation. The relationships between flow stress, strain rate and deformation temperature were analyzed and the deformation activation energy and some basic material factors at different strains were calculated using the Arrhenius equation. The effects of temperature and strain rate on deformation behavior were represented using the Zener–Hollomon parameter in an exponent-type equation. To verify the validity of the constitutive model, the predicted values and experimental flow curves under different deformation conditions were compared, the correlation coefficient （0.9970） and average absolute relative error （AARE=4.41%） were calculated. The results indicate that the constitutive model can be used to accurately predict the flow behavior of dual-phase Mg-9Li-3Al-2Sr alloy during high temperature deformation.

Electrochemical codeposition of Mg-Li-Gd alloys from LiCl-KCl-MgCl_2-Gd_2O_3 melts

Mg-Li-Gd alloys were prepared by electrochemical codeposition from LiCl-KCl-MgCl 2 -Gd 2 O 3 melts on molybdenum electrode with constant current density at 823 and 973 K. The microstructure of the Mg-Li-Gd alloys was analyzed by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, optical microscopy （OM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results show that magnesium and gadolinium deposit mainly in the first 30 min, and the alloy obtained contains 96.53% Mg, 0.27% Li and 3.20% Gd （mass fraction）. Then, the reduction of lithium ions occurs quickly. The composition of alloy can be adjusted by controlling electrolysis time or Gd 2 O 3 concentration in LiCl-KCl melts. With the addition of Gd into Mg-Li alloys, the corrosion resistance of the alloys is enhanced. XRD results suggest that Mg 3 Gd and Mg 2 Gd can be formed in Mg-Li-Gd alloys. The distribution of Gd element in Mg-Li-Gd alloys indicates that Gd element mainly distributes at the grain boundaries of Mg-Li-Gd alloys.

Recent progress in Mg-Li matrix composites

Mg-Li matrix composites are one of the ideal structural materials in the fields of aerospace and military due to their high specific strength and stiffness, good damping and wear resistance, and small thermal expansion coefficient. The preparation technologies of Mg-Li matrix composites including powder metallurgy, pressure infiltration, stir-casting, foil metallurgy, and in-situ synthesis were introduced, and their advantages and disadvantages were compared. The common matrix alloys and reinforcements for Mg-Li matrix composites as well as the structure and performance of typical composites were mainly summarized. Then the interface chemistry between matrix and reinforcement was briefly reviewed. Finally, some problems existing at present and the possible solutions were discussed.

Corrosion behavior and surface treatment of superlight Mg-Li alloys

Mg-Li alloy,as a superlight metallic engineering material,shows great potential in the fields of aerospace and militarydue to its high specific strength,better formability,and excellent electromagnetic shielding performance.The research process ofMg-Li alloys is reviewed and three main problems are pointed out.Aimed at the poor corrosion resistance of Mg-Li alloys,thecorrosion behavior is mainly summarized.The surface treatment technologies,including electroplating,electroless plating,plasmaspraying,molten salt replacement,conversion coating,anodizing,micro-arc oxidation,organic coating,and organic-inorganic hybridcoating,are introduced in detail.Finally,the future development of corrosion and protection of Mg?Li alloys is discussed.

Effect of thermal-mechanical processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of duplex-phase Mg-8Li-3Al-0.4Y alloy

The effect of thermal-mechanical processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the duplex phase Mg-8Li-3Al-0.4Y alloy was investigated.The as-cast alloy was composed ofα-Mg,β-Li,AlLi,Al2Y and MgAlLi2phases.Annealing of the cold rolled alloy at350°C for60min was considered to be optimum.This caused full static recrystallization and spheroidization.A significantβ-Li loss occurred when the annealing time was increased to90min.The optimized annealing treatment produced the following values of the yield strength,ultimate strength and elongation:148MPa,184MPa and35%,respectively.The texture evolution of theα-phase and theβ-phase changed remarkably during thermal-mechanical processing.

Preparation of Mg-Li-La alloys by electrolysis in molten salt

An electrochemical method was used to prepare Mg-Li-La alloys in a molten LiCl-KCl-KF-MgCl2 containing La2O3 at 943 K. The results showed preparation of Mg-Li-La alloys by electrolysis is feasible. The Mg-Li-La alloys were analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction （XRD）, optical micrograph （OM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. XRD analysis indicates that α＋Mg17La2, α＋β＋Mg17La2 and β＋LaMg3 Mg-Li-La alloys with different lithium and lanthanum contents were obtained via galvanostatic electrolysis. The microstructures of typical α＋Mg17La2 and β＋LaMg3 phases of Mg-Li-La alloys were characterized by optical microscopy （OM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The analysis of energy dispersive spectrometry （EDS） shows that the element of Mg distributes homogeneously in the Mg-Li-La alloy and the element of La mostly exists at grain boundaries to restrain the grain growth rate due to the larger ionic radius and lower electronegativity compared with Mg.

Effects of Li content on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-xLi-3Al-2Zn-0.5Y alloys

The effects of Li content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-cast Mg−xLi−3Al−2Zn−0.5Y(LAZx32-0.5Y)alloys were investigated by XRD,SEM,TEM,hardness tester and universal testing machine.The results show that the matrix of the alloy transforms fromα-Mg toα-Mg+β-Li and then toβ-Li when the Li content increases from 4%to 14%(mass fraction).All LAZx32-0.5Y alloys contain AlLi and Al_(2)Y,while MgLi_(2)Al appears only in the alloy containing theβ-Li matrix.As the Li content increases,the content of AlLi and MgLi_(2)Al gradually increases,while the content of Al_(2)Y does not change much.As the Li content increases from 4%to 10%,the ultimate tensile strength and hardness of the as-cast LAZx32-0.5Y alloys gradually decrease while the elongation gradually increases.The corresponding fracture mechanism changes from cleavage fracture to quasi-cleavage fracture and then to microporous aggregation fracture.This is mainly attributed to the decrease ofα-Mg and the increase ofβ-Li in the alloy.When the Li content continues to increase to 10%and 14%,the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and hardness of the as-cast LAZx32-0.5Y alloys gradually increase,while the elongation decreases sharply,which is mainly attributed to the nano-scale MgLi_(2)Al uniformly distributed in theβ-Li matrix.

Effect of Y on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Mg−4Li−3Al alloys

To obtain magnesium alloys with a low density and improved mechanical properties,Y element was added into Mg−4Li−3Al(wt.%)alloys,and the effect of Y content on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties was investigated by using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and tensile tests.The results show that mechanical properties of as-cast Mg−4Li−3Al alloys with Y addition are significantly improved as a result of hot extrusion.The best comprehensive mechanical properties are obtained in hot-extruded Mg−4Li−3Al−1.5Y alloy,which possesses high ultimate tensile strength(UTS=248 MPa)and elongation(δ=27%).The improvement of mechanical properties of hot-extruded Mg−4Li−3Al−1.5Y alloy was mainly attributed to combined effects of grain refinement,solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening.

Effect of Gd on microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of as-homogenized Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.2Zr alloy

The microstructure observation,tensile test,electrochemical measurement,and corrosion morphology characterization were conducted to study the effect of Gd on the microstructure,mechanical properties,and corrosion behavior of as-homogenized Mg−8Li−3Al−2Zn−0.2Zr(LAZ832−0.2Zr)alloy.The addition of trace Gd can improve the mechanical properties of as-homogenized LAZ832−0.2Zr alloy by refining the microstructure,reducing the content of AlLi softening phase,and forming Al_(2)Gd strengthening phase.Meanwhile,the addition of trace Gd can weaken the microgalvanic corrosion between matrix phase and AlLi phase,inhibit the galvanic corrosion betweenα-Mg phase andβ-Li phase,and result in the formation of dense oxide film containing Gd_(2)O_(3),thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the alloy.When the Gd content is 1.0 wt.%,the alloy shows the best comprehensive properties with the ultimate tensile strength of 189.8 MPa,elongation of 42.3%,and corrosion rate(determined by hydrogen evolution)of 0.86 mm·a^(−1).

Effect of Li content on microstructure and mechanical property of Mg-xLi-3(Al-Si) alloys

Mg-4 Li-3(Al-Si),Mg-8 Li-3(Al-Si)and Mg-12 Li-3(Al-Si)alloys based on theα-Mg,α-Mg+β-Li,β-Li phases,respectively,were produced to investigate the effect of alloying with Al-Si eutectic on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the three alloys.Alloying with the Al-Si eutectic of Mg-xLi(x=4,8 and 12 wt.%)alloys caused the formation of different types of Al-Li precipitates:Al3Li,AlLi and Li3Al2,respectively.Also,considerable quantities of Mg2Si phase particles were found in the three alloys.The results of tensile tests showed that the Mg-4Li-3(Al-Si)alloy exhibited the highest ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 249 MPa but the lowest elongation of 6.3%.The Mg-12Li-3(Al-Si)alloy had the highest elongation of 26%but the lowest UTS of 173 MPa.The different mechanical properties were attributed to the different crystal structures of the three alloys and the precipitate with different type,morphology and distribution.