微量Mn添加对Mg-6Zn-3Al镁合金非枝晶组织演变的影响

利用光镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了Mg-6Zn-3Al-xMn(x%=0%,0.1%,0.3%,0.5%,质量分数)合金的铸态组织和在等温热处理过程中的非枝晶组织演变规律。结果表明:铸态基体合金由α-Mg、Mg_2Zn_3、Mg_7Zn_3和Mg_(32)(Al,Zn)_(49))相组成。添加Mn后,析出了Al Mn和Al_8Mn_5相,且随Mn含量的增加,晶粒逐渐得到细化。合金经580℃等温保温30 min后,获得的非枝晶组织由初生α_1-Mg颗粒和包裹在共晶组织中二次水淬凝固形成的α_2-Mg颗粒及分布在初生颗粒间呈蜂窝状的共晶相组成。随着Mn含量增加,固相颗粒的平均尺寸和形状因子呈先减小后增加的趋势,组织中液相比例逐渐减少。当Mn含量(质量分数)为0.1%时,可获得近似球状、细小圆整、均匀分布的固相颗粒。在等温热处理过程中,溶质扩散和界面张力对组织演变起主导作用。Zn和Al溶质原子在液相中的成分起伏是初生颗粒在分离和球化过程中产生颈缩的重要原因。

热处理工艺对Mg-6Zn-3Al镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

通过金属型铸造制备新型Mg-6Zn-3Al(ZA63,质量分数,%)镁合金,并利用光镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和力学性能测试研究ZA63合金在铸态、固溶和时效处理后显微组织和力学性能的变化规律。结果表明:合金铸态组织主要由基体α-Mg、晶界处呈连续或半连续分布的(α-Mg+Mg_2Zn_3+Mg_7Zn_3+Mg_(32)(Al,Zn)_(49))共晶和晶内孤立的颗粒相组成。合金在350℃固溶12～36 h时,随着时间延长,固溶效果逐渐增强,且在28 h时获得了较好的组织和241 MPa的抗拉强度及11.12%的伸长率。随后在180℃时效6～72 h后,合金的抗拉强度进一步提高,力学性能随保温时间延长呈先增加后减小的趋势,其中时效24 h时同时出现抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度的峰值298 MPa、9.78%和96.3 HV,比铸态的214 MPa、8.54%、62.2 HV分别提高39.25%、14.52%和54.82%。180℃时效24 h后,析出相的主要形态有板条状和短棒状。

热处理对Mg-6Zn-3Cu-0.6Zr合金阻尼性能的影响

采用扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱仪(EDS)、动态机械分析仪(DMA)研究了热处理温度和热处理时间对Mg-6Zn-3Cu-0.6Zr合金显微组织和阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:随着热处理温度升高,合金晶粒长大,晶界共晶体减少,合金阻尼性能提高;300℃热处理时,保温时间越长,晶界共晶体越少,晶内微小点状析出物越多,合金阻尼性能越好;当热处理工艺为400℃保温2 h时,合金阻尼性能最好,与铸态相比,其阻尼性能的提高超过一倍。不同热处理工艺对合金阻尼性能的影响规律可用G-L理论来解释。

固溶、时效处理对Mg-6Zn-3Al合金组织和性能的影响

通过OM、室温拉伸性能测试等方法,研究了固溶和时效处理对Mg-6Zn-3Al合金组织和性能的影响。研究表明:铸态Mg-6Zn-3Al合金组织为α-Mg基体和共晶组织,共晶组织以连续或半连续的网状结构分布在基体边界处。Mg-6Zn-3Al合金最佳热处理工艺为:350℃×16 h固溶,水淬+170℃×48 h时效,空冷,此工艺下,Mg-6Zn-3Al合金组织中有大量分布均匀的析出相,晶粒尺寸达到最小,抗拉强度和伸长率达到284.2 MPa和13.4%,比铸态试样分别提高了38.9%和22.9%。

铸造Mg-6Zn-3Sn-0.5Mn镁合金组织和力学性能

通过OM、SEM、XRD和力学性能测试等手段研究了半连续铸造Mg-6Zn-3Sn-0.5Mn(ZTM630)镁合金铸锭的组织和力学性能。结果表明,铸态显微组织主要由α-Mg相、Mg_2Sn相、Mg_7Zn_3相组成;经过420℃×8 h固溶处理,Mg_7Zn_3相和绝大部分的Mg_2Sn相全部溶解到基体中,剩余少量Mg_2Sn相呈颗粒状分布在晶界或晶粒内部;固溶处理后实验合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率均有所提高。

添加稀土元素Nd对Mg-6Zn-3Cu镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

通过采用合金制备、组织分析、力学性能测试等手段研究了Nd的加入对Mg-6Zn-3Cu合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Nd的加入改变了组织和相的分布;随着Nd加入量的增加,合金抗拉强度、屈服强度及延伸率先提高,达到最大值后开始下降。

Sn对Mg-6Zn-3Al合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、室温拉伸试验等研究了Sn含量对Mg-6Zn-3Al-xSn(x=0,2,4 mass%)合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:铸态合金主要由α-Mg、MgAlZn以及Mg2Sn相组成,且均呈枝晶结构。Mg2Sn相随着Sn的添加逐渐出现,第二相逐渐聚集生长为网状结构。随着Sn含量的增加,挤压态合金的晶粒逐渐细化、尺寸变均匀。挤压态Mg-6Zn-3Al-4Sn合金拥有最佳的力学性能:抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率分别为328 MPa、244 MPa、21.2%。该合金经双级时效(75℃预时效24 h+150℃时效18 h)工艺处理后,屈服强度提高到288 MPa,伸长率降为16.4%。

Effect of ultrasonic melt treatment on degassing of Mg-6Zn-1Ca alloy

The effect of ultrasonic power and treatment time on degassing of Mg-6Zn-1Ca alloy was studied in this paper. The degassing effect was characterized by measuring densities of ingots. The results show that proper ultrasonic treatment can remove hydrogen from the melt of the Mg-6Zn-1Ca alloy. The ultrasonic degassing effect is closely related to the ultrasonic power density and treatment time. The degassing efficiency increases with an increase in ultrasonic power density when the melt is treated at 690 °C for 120 s, reaching its highest value at 1.2 W·cm-3. When the power density is 1.2 W·cm-3, with an increase in ultrasonic treatment time, the degassing efficiency increases at first, reaches its peak value at 120 s, then decreases as the ultrasonic treatment is further prolonged. In this experiment, the optimum degassing effect with an efficiency of 67.5 % is obtained by ultrasonic treatment with the power density of 1.2 W·cm-3 for 120 s. The maximum density of ingot can be increased from 1.8069 g·cm-3 to 1.8146 g·cm-3(increased by 0.43%).

Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-6Zn-4Sm-0.4Zr alloy

A new rare earth magnesium alloy(Mg-6 Zn-4 Sm-0.4 Zr, wt.%) was prepared by permanent mould casting. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy sample in as-cast and various heat treatment situations were characterized with an optical microscope(OM), X-ray diffractometer(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscope(EDS), transmission electron microscope(TEM) and mechanical tests at room temperature, respectively. The experimental results show that the as-cast alloy mainly consists of α-Mg, eutectic Mg_2Zn_3, MgZnSm and Mg_(41)Sm_5. These eutectic phases with continuous or semicontinuous morphology principally distribute along grain boundaries. Almost all the eutectic compounds dissolve in α-Mg and the grains have no obvious growth trend after optimum solution treatment at 490 °C for 18 h. Meanwhile, the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) of 229 MPa and elongation(EL) to rupture of 9.78% can be achieved through the optimal solution treatment, which increase by 37 MPa and 57.74%, respectively, compared with that of the as-cast alloy. Further aging treatments at 200 °C for different durations lead to the conspicuous increment of mechanical properties and prominent age-hardening response. Peak-aged alloy(treated at 200 °C for 12 h) reveals better mechanical properties(UTS 258 MPa, EL 9.42%, hardness 73.4 HV) compared with the same alloy treated in other aging conditions, which is mainly ascribed to precipitated Mg_2Zn_3 and MgZn_2 phases. Fracture analysis demonstrates that the as-cast alloy belongs to inter-granular and cleavage fracture patterns, while the solutionized alloy(treated at 490 °C for 18 h) reveals trans-granular and quasi-cleavage fracture modes. For the peak-aged alloy, the fracture pattern obeys the mixture of trans-granular and cleavage modes.

Grain refinement impact on the mechanical properties and wear behavior of Mg-9Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloy after decreasing temperature reciprocating upsetting-extrusion

Based on the deforming technique of severe plastic deformation(SPD), the grain refinement of a Mg-9Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloy treated with decreasing temperature reciprocating upsetting-extrusion(RUE) and its influence on the mechanical properties and wear behavior of the alloy were studied. The RUE process was carried out for 4 passes in total, starting at 0 ℃ and decreasing by 10 ℃ for each pass. The results showed that as the number of RUE passes increased, the grain refinement effect was obvious, and the second phase in the alloy was evenly distributed. Room temperature tensile properties of the alloy and the deepening of the RUE degree showed a positive correlation trend, which was due to the grain refinement, uniform distribution of the second phase and texture weakening. And the microhardness of the alloy showed that the microhardness of RUE is the largest in 2 passes. The change in microhardness was the result of dynamic competition between the softening effect of DRX and the work hardening effect. In addition, the wear resistance of the alloy showed a positive correlation with the degree of RUE under low load conditions. When the applied load was higher, the wear resistance of the alloy treated with RUE decreased compared to the initial state alloy. This phenomenon was mainly due to the presence of oxidative wear on the surface of the alloy, which could balance the positive contribution of severe plastic deformation to wear resistance to a certain extent.

浇注温度对Mg-6Zn-3Cu镁合金组织性能的影响

通过对Mg-6Zn-3Cu (ZC63)合金进行XRD衍射、硬度及拉伸性能的测试,研究了浇注温度对其组织和性能的影响。研究表明,随着合金的浇注温度增高,ZC63镁合金的晶粒尺寸不断增大,降低浇注温度可细化晶粒,且降低生产成本。当浇注温度为680℃,合金组织比较细小均匀,力学性能较高,其抗拉强度和伸长率分别为205 MPa和13.2%。ZC63镁合金铸态的断口主要由解理面和撕裂棱组成,具有准解理断裂特征。浇注温度越低,解理面尺寸越小,撕裂棱占比越多,表明合金的塑性变形能力越强。

热处理工艺对Mg-6Zn-3Y-0.7Zr合金组织及力学性能的影响

重点研究了采用不同的热处理工艺后合金的组织和性能的变化。

(Y,Gd)H_(2) phase formation in as-cast Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy

In this work,a new(Y,Gd)H_(2) precipitate was identified and systematically investigated in the as-cast Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy by XRD,SEM with EDS,TEM with EDS techniques and thermodynamics analysis.Results show that the as-cast alloy contains α-Mg,Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5),and(Y,Gd)H_(2) phase.The(Y,Gd)H_(2) phase usually forms near the eutectic phase Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5) or in the α-Mg grains,displaying a rectangle-shape.The Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5) and(Y,Gd)H_(2) phases crystalize in bcc and fcc structure,respectively,and the(Y,Gd)H_(2) phase has a semi-coherent relationship with α-Mg matrix.The thermodynamics calculation results reveal that the hydrogen dissolved in the melt leads to the formation of hydrides.It is also found that the(Y,Gd)H_(2) hydride can form directly from the liquid phase during solidification.Additionally,it can precipitate by the decomposition of Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5) phase due to absorbing hydrogen from the remaining melt.

退火对热挤压Mg-3.8Zn-1Y合金组织及性能的影响

采用光学显微镜,扫描电子显微镜等手段研究了退火处理对热挤压Mg-3.8%Zn-1%Y合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明,该合金经425℃×15 min退火可通过完全再结晶获得细小的晶粒,合金的拉伸屈服强度为171.9 MPa,伸长率为29.8%。EBSD分析表明合金的优良的塑性来自于合金在拉伸过程中拉伸压缩({10 12}-{10 11})二次孪生的交互发生引起的协调变形。另外,拉伸过程中形成的较弱的"双峰"型{0002}纤维织构作为变形有利的取向也有利于改善合金的塑性。

Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca合金的时效微观组织(英文)

利用TEM和HRTEM研究Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca合金的时效微观组织。结果表明:Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca合金较Mg-8Zn-4A1合金时效硬度显著增高。Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca合金在160°C时效16 h,有大量的盘状Ca2Mg6Zn3相沉淀弥散析出,此外,合金的微观组织中还存在晶格畸变、蜂窝状的莫尔条纹、刃型位错及位错环;经48 h时效后合金中沉淀相为粗大的盘状沉淀相和细小、弥散的粒状沉淀相;经227 h时时效后后,其组织中存在大量MgZn2相和Ca2Mg6Zn3相。因此,在Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca时效160°C的合金中添加Ca元素能有效提高合金的时效硬度及促进MgZn2强化相的生成。

退火对热挤压Mg-5Zn-1Y合金组织及性能的影响

研究了退火处理对热挤压Mg-5 mass%Zn-1 mass%Y合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明,425℃/15 min为该合金的最佳退火工艺,完全再结晶同时避免晶粒长大,所获得晶粒尺寸仅为10μm。该条件下退火合金的抗拉强度为284.8 MPa,断后伸长率高达31.2%,较高的强度与细小再结晶晶粒及弥散分布的第二相有关;较高伸长率主要源于拉伸过程中{1012}拉伸孪生、{1011}压缩孪生以及({1012}-{1011})拉压二次孪生引起的协调变形。

固溶处理对Mg-6Al-3Zn-0.25Mn合金组织和性能影响

研究了固溶处理对Mg-6Al-3Zn-0.25Mn铸造镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,铸态和固溶态组织主要由α-Mg基体和Mg_(17)Al_(12)相组成,经过400、410和420℃保温18 h固溶处理后,第二相的种类没有发生变化,大量的Mg_(17)Al_(12)相溶入到α-Mg基体中,合金组织中残留了少量颗粒状Al4Mn相,同时也出现了梅花状Mg_(17)Al_(12)相。此外,合金经400℃×18 h处理后,晶粒细化程度最好,且表面清晰平整无缺陷,其室温力学性能得到了明显改善,抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别达到了184.1 MPa、135.5 MPa和8.9%。

超高压凝固条件下Mg-6zn-3Y合金的晶体形态及相演变

利用扫描电镜(SEM)并配合能谱(EDS)分析研究了超高压凝固Mg-6Zn-3Y合金的晶体形态和相演变.实验结果表明:随着凝固压力的增大,α-Mg晶体的形态发生了粗大树枝晶→超细树枝晶→胞状晶转变,即晶体的生长方式逐渐由树枝晶生长→胞状生长过渡.GPa级超高压下凝固极大地提高了Zn在基体中的溶解度,使之成为过饱和固溶体,并随着凝固压力的增大促使Zn的分布趋于均匀化.Mg-6Zn-3Y合金在2 GPa超高压凝固条件下形成了新相Y固溶体,室温组织由4相组成;在6 GPa超高压凝固条件下大量粒状相均匀弥散地分布在基体上,Mg-6Zn-3Y合金的硬度显著提高.

ZT基轻质镁合金材料显微硬度测试及规律分析

以Mg-6Zn-3Sn-xCa,x=(0、0.3、0.6、1.0,1.5)合金为研究对象,制作出5组试样后进行金相处理。用HXS-1000AY数字式显微硬度仪进行维氏硬度测试,用HD-AP硬度进行显微组织图像和硬度数据的收集。Ca含量的镁合金为0%、0.3%、0.6%时硬度较为稳定,当Ca含随着Ca含量从0%到达1.0%,镁合金硬度提高47.35%,硬度提升到65HV以上,之后硬度值会有所下降。当Ca含量从0%到1.5%时,通过显微组织观察合金中的第二相Mg_(2)Ca大量析出细化了结晶组织提升镁合金硬度。

Nd对热处理态Mg-6Zn-3Cu镁合金性能的影响

通过采用合金制备,组织分析,力学性能测试等手段研究了Nd的加入对热处理态Mg-6Zn-3Cu合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Nd的加入改变了合金组织和相的分布,随着Nd加入量的增加,合金抗拉强度、屈服强度以及延伸率随Nd含量的增加先提高,达到最大值后开始下降。