轧制工艺和退火制度对双相Mg-8Li合金显微组织的影响

通过金相显微分析技术系统研究了双相Mg-8Li合金在单向轧制和交叉轧制工艺以及不同退火制度下的显微组织变化。结果表明,交叉轧制工艺可以减弱合金的各向异性,使得α相和β相呈现较为均匀的分布,从而改变了原有的带状组织特征;退火过程中,随着温度和时间的增加,合金晶粒逐渐增大并呈现出等轴特征,发生了较为完全的再结晶过程。

Effects of ultrasonic vibration on solidification structure and properties of Mg-8Li-3Al alloy

Ultrasonic vibration was introduced into the Mg-8Li-3A1 alloy melt during its solidification process. The microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the Mg-8Li-3A1 alloy under ultrasonic vibration were investigated. The experiment results show that the morphology of a phase is modified from coarse rosette-like structure to fine globular one with the application of ultrasonic vibration. The fine globular structure is obtained especially when the power is 170 W, and the refining effect also gets better with prolonging the ultrasonic treatment time. The corrosion resistance of the alloy with 170 W of ultrasonic vibration for 90 s is improved apparently compared with the alloy without ultrasonic vibration. The mechanical properties of alloys with ultrasonic vibration are also both improved apparently. The tensile strength and elongation of alloy improve by 9.5% and 45.7%, respectively, with 170 W of ultrasonic treatment for 90 s.

Influence of I-phase and W-phase on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-8Li-3Zn alloy

Microstructures and mechanical properties of LZ83?xY alloys containingI-phase andW-phase were investigated by XRD, OM, SEM and EDS. The experimental results show that the content ofI-phase andW-phase changes by varying Zn/Y mass ratio in the LZ83?xY alloys. The cohesion ofI-phase/α-Mg eutectic pockets can enhance the strength in the as-cast LZ83?0.5Y and LZ83?1.0Y alloys, while theW-phase has no obvious strengthening effect on the LZ83?1.5Y alloy. In the extruded alloys, the I-phase andW-phase were extruded into the particles with nanoscale size in theβ-Li matrix phase. The dispersion strengthening of W-phase was more obvious because of the higher volume fraction. The ultimate tensile strength of extruded LZ83?1.5Y alloy is up to 238 MPa while the elongation is up to 20%.

Corrosion behavior of Mg-8Li-3Zn-Al alloy in neutral 3.5%NaCl solution

The corrosion behavior of Mg-8Li-3Zn-Al alloy was investigated in neutral 3.5%NaCl aqueous solution by morphology observation and electrochemical tests.The weight loss method was to measure the corrosion rate.The electrochemical results indicated that the corrosion resistance of Mg-8Li-3Zn-Al alloy in 3.5%NaCl solution is poorer than that in distilled water.The Cl-anion leads to the initiation and development of the corrosion pits.And the corrosion products are mainly Mg(OH)_(2).

Effect of Cerium on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-8Li-3Al Alloy

Mg-8Li-3Al-xCe(x=0, 1.0, 3.0) alloys were prepared. And the effects of cerium content on the microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. Results show that the as-cast alloy is composed of α(Mg), β(Li) and Al2Ce. Cerium has obvious refining effect on α(Mg). And the strength and elongation of alloys were improved.

Effects of Sn on microstructure of as-cast and as-extruded Mg-9Li alloys

The effects of Sn addition on the microstructure of as-cast and as-extruded Mg-9Li alloys were investigated. The results show that α-Mg, β-Li, Li2MgSn, and Mg2Sn are primary phases in the microstructures of the as-cast and as-extruded Mg-9Li-xSn （x=0, 5; in mass fraction, %） alloys. Li2MgSn phase evolves from continuously net-like structure in the as-cast state to fine granular in the as-extruded state. After the extrusion, Mg-9Li-5Sn alloy has finer microstructures. Li2MgSn or Mg2Sn compound can act as the heterogeneous nucleation sites for dynamic recrystallization during the extrusion due to the crystallography matching relationship Extrusion deformation leads to dynamic recrystallization, which results in the grain refinement and uniform distribution. The as-extruded Mg-9Li-5Sn alloy possesses the lowest grain size of 45.9 μm.

Mg-8.5Li合金表面磷酸盐转化成膜

利用自行研发的新型磷酸盐转化液在Mg-8.5Li合金表面制备了磷酸盐转化膜。分别利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析了磷酸盐转化膜的表面形貌和组成。SEM的测试结果表明:均匀致密的黑色磷酸盐转化膜完整地覆盖了基体表面,膜层中存在细小的不规则裂纹,但没有出现明显的缺陷。XPS的分析结果表明:磷酸盐转化膜主要由MgO,Mg(OH)2和Mg3(PO4)2组成。应用极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱测试技术,研究了基体及磷酸盐转化膜在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性。测试结果表明:磷酸盐转化膜提高了基体的耐蚀性。

Microstructure of Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca aged alloy

The microstructure of Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca aged alloy was investigated by TEM and HRTEM. The results show that the hardening produced in the Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca alloy is considerably higher than that in the Mg-8Zn-4A1 alloy. A dense dispersion of disc-like Ca2Mg6Zn3 precipitates are formed in Mg-8Zn-4Al-1Ca alloy aged at 160 ℃ for 16 h. In addition, the lattice distortions, honeycomb-looking Moir＆#233; fringes, edge dislocations and dislocation loop also exist in the microstructure. The precipitates of alloy aged at 160 ℃ for 48 h are coarse disc-like and fine dispersed grainy. When the alloy is subjected to aging at 160 ℃ for 227 h, the microstructure consists of numerous MgZn2 precipitates and Ca2Mg6Zn3 precipitates. All the analyses show that Ca is a particularly effective trace addition in improving the age-hardening and postponing the formation of MgZn2 precipitates in Mg-8Zn-4Al alloy aged at 160 ℃.

Mg-8%Li合金动态断裂行为的加载速率效应

利用Hopkinson压杆技术对Mg-8%Li合金进行动态断裂实验,研究该合金在高速冲击下的动态断裂行为及其加载速率效应。结果表明:在高速冲击条件下,Mg-8%Li合金呈现韧性断裂,断口中存在大量韧窝。随冲击速度由14.27 m/s增加到21.33 m/s,Mg-8%Li合金的动态断裂韧性降低,断口中二次裂纹明显增多,从而使Mg-8%Li合金在高加载速率下表现出脆性断裂倾向。

Mg-8Li合金的制备与制氢性能研究

在真空熔炼炉中制备了Mg-8Li二元合金,并研究了该合金在不同大气状态下的腐蚀情况以及温度和Cl-含量对水解制氢性能的影响。结果表明,相比于自然状况的大气条件下,Mg-8Li合金在潮湿空气中极易被氧化腐蚀;在高温下Mg-8Li合金的钝化膜由于水热改性作用会形成疏松多孔的结构而受到直接破坏;反应介质中Cl-含量增加,则Mg-8Li合金的水解性能增强。增加温度和反应介质中Cl-含量是改善Mg-8Li合金制氢性能的有效手段。

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of high vacuum die casting Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.4Zr magnesium alloy

The microstructure, the content of compounds, mechanical properties and fracture behavior of high vacuum die casting Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.4Zr alloy （mass fraction, %） under T4 condition and T6 condition were investigated. The microstructure for the as-cast Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.4Zr alloy mainly consists ofα-Mg and eutectic Mg24（Gd,Y）5 compound. After solution treatment, the eutectic compounds dissolve massively into the Mg matrix. The main composition of solution-treated alloys is supersaturated α-Mg and cuboid-shaped phase. The T4 heat treated samples have increasing cuboidal particles with the increase of heat treatment temperature, which turn out good mechanical properties. The optimum T4 heat treatment for high vacuum die cast Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.4Zr alloy is 475 ℃, 2 h according to microstructure results. The optimum ultimate strength and elongation of solution-treated Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.4Zr alloy are 222.1 MPa and 15.4%, respectively. The tensile fracture mode of the as-cast, and T6 heat treated alloys is transgranular quasi-cleavage fracture.

Li含量对Mg-8Gd-2Y-0.6Zr合金组织与力学性能的影响

通过对不同Li含量的Mg-8Gd-2Y-0.6Zr镁合金进行熔炼、制坯和反向挤压,研究了Li含量对其合金组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:Mg-8Gd-2Y-0.6Zr镁合金中Li添加1.5wt.%左右时,Li主要固溶在α-Mg中或以Mgx(Gd,Y,Li)y化合物相析出;当Li添加量提高到3~4wt.%左右时,Mgx(Gd,Y,Li)y化合物数量增加且同时逐渐有β相析出。添加Li导致Mg-8Gd-2Y-0.6Zr挤压态合金伸长率明显降低,但可显著降低挤压温度;添加Li 1.5wt.%时,可提高挤压材强度且强化效果随挤压温度降低而显著提高,350℃挤压时的抗拉强度最大,为362.5 MPa,而屈服强度和伸长率最小,分别为235 MPa和5.3%;Li添加量增加至3~4wt.%时,伸长率未显著提高但合金严重软化,不过可实现200℃温挤压。

Mg-8%Li合金的高速冲击变形行为

利用Hopkinson压杆进行动态冲击压缩试验,测试了不同应变速率下Mg-8%Li合金的动态应力-应变曲线;分析了Mg-8%Li合金动态应力-应变行为的应变速率效应及其变形局部化现象与形成条件。结果表明,Mg-8%Li合金的动态应力-应变曲线随应变速率提高而先升高后降低,即Mg-8%Li合金的应力-应变行为由正应变速率效应向负应变速率效应转化,其应变速率效应转折点与显微组织中出现的变形局部化现象有密切关系,而且该合金在应变速率提高(3700/s→4600/s)后,产生变形局部化需要的应变下降(0.28→0.185),表明Mg-8%Li合金要形成变形带,必须使材料在一定的应变速率下获得相应的应变。

Microstructure evolution and optimum parameters analysis for hot working of new type Mg-8Sn-2Zn-0.5Cu alloy

The hot deformation behavior of as-solutionized Mg 8Sn 2Zn 0.5Cu(TZC820)alloy was investigated experimentally and numerically via isothermal compression tests at 250400℃and strain rate range of 0.013 s 1 on a Gleeble 1500D thermomechanical simulator.Results show that the deformation temperature and strain rate signi cantly affected ow stress and material constants.In addition,the strain-compensated constitutive relationship was established on the basis of true stress strain curves.The main deformation mechanism for this alloy was the dynamic recrystallization(DRX),and the DRX degree was effectively enhanced with an increase in deformation temperature and a decrease in strain rate.Moreover,the cellular automaton method was used to simulate the microstructure evolution during hot compression.In addition,the processing maps were established,and the optimum deformation parameters for the as-solutionized TZC820 alloy are at 370400℃and 0.01 s 1,and at 320360℃and 13 s 1.

Effects of RE on the Microstructure of Mg-8Zn-4Al Magnesium Alloys

The effects of RE on the microstrcture of as-cast Mg-8Zn-4Al magnesium alloys were investigated. The results show that the solidification range of Mg-8Zn-4Al-xRE alloys increases with RE additions. A binary eutectic reaction can arise and produce a new phase （Mg：Al：Zn：RE） and the temperature of phase transformation point of the new phase is 412.85 C. In Mg-8Zn-4Al-1.5RE alloy, a small amount of Mg：Al：Zn：RE phase and ε phases are found besides a（Mg）,φand r phases. Also microstructures of Mg-8Zn-4Al alloys can be refined by addition of 1.5% RE obviously.

Effect of Li addition on mechanical properties and ageing precipitation behavior of extruded Al-3.0 Mg-0.5 Si alloy

The effect of Li(2.0 wt%)addition on mechanical properties and ageing precipitation behavior of Al-3.0 Mg 0.5 Si was investigated by tensile test,dynamic elasticity modulus test,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)images.The results show that the tensile strength of the Li-containing alloy can be significantly improved;however,the ductility is sharply decreased and the fracture mechanism changes from ductile fracture to intergranular fracture.The elasticity modulus of the Li-containing alloy increases by 11.6%compared with the base alloy.The microstructure observation shows that the Li addition can absolutely change the precipitation behavior of the base alloy,andδ′-Al_(3)Li phase becomes the main precipitates.Besides,β′′-Mg_(2)Si andδ′-Al_(3)Li dual phases precipitation can be visibly observed at 170℃ ageing for 100 h,although the quantity ofδ′-Al_(3)Li phase is more thanβ′′-Mg_(2)Si phase.The width of the precipitate-free zone(PFZ)of the Li-containing alloy is much wider at the over-ageing state than the base alloy,which has a negative impact on the ductile and results in the decrease of elongation.

Effect of non-isothermal retrogression and re-ageing on through-thickness homogeneity of microstructure and properties of Al-8Zn-2Mg-2Cu alloy thick plate

In order to improve the through-thickness homogeneity and properties of aviation aluminum alloy thick plate.The effect of heating-cooling retrogression and re-ageing on the performance of Al-8Zn-2Mg-2Cu alloy thick plate was investigated by hardness tests, electrical conductivity tests and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) observation.Results revealed that, during retrogression heating, the fine pre-precipitates in surface layer dissolve more and the undissolved η′ or η phases are more coarsened than that of center layer. During slow cooling after retrogression,precipitates continue coarsening but with a lower rate and the secondary precipitation occurs in both layers. Finer precipitates resulting from the secondary precipitation are more in surface. However, the coarsening and secondary precipitation behaviors are restrained in both layers under quick cooling condition. The electrical conductivity and through-thickness homogeneity of precipitates increases while the hardness decreases with cooling rate decreasing. After the optimized non-isothermal retrogression and re-ageing(NRRA) including air-cooling retrogression, the throughthickness homogeneity which is evaluated by integrated retrogression effects has been improved to 94%. The tensile strength, fracture toughness and exfoliation corrosion grade of Al-8Zn-2Mg-2Cu alloy plate is 619 MPa, 24.7 MPa·m^(1/2)and EB, respectively, which indicates that the non-isothermal retrogression and re-aging(NRRA) could improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance with higher through-thickness homogeneity.

Improved tensile properties of Mg-8Sn-1Zn alloy induced by minor Ti addition

In this study, the influence of minor titanium(Ti) addition on the microstructure and tensile properties of Mg-8Sn-1Zn based alloys were investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and tensile tests. The results showed that Ti can decrease the secondary dendrite arm spacing(SDAS). The tensile strength of the Mg-8Sn-1Zn-Ti alloys is initially increased by increasing the Ti content up to 0.09 wt.%, but subsequently decreased for further increase of Ti content. The improved tensile properties are attributed to the decreased SDAS and refi ned Mg_2Sn phases, as well as the increased fraction of tin(Sn) segregated regions. The tensile fracture surface of the studied alloys shows mixed characteristics of cleavage and quasi-cleavage fracture. Adding Ti does not significantly change the fracture mode of the studied alloys.

Effect of Isothermal Forging on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5Zr Alloy

Aiming at the problems of poor plastic forming ability,narrow forging temperature range,and strain rate sensitivity of rare earth magnesium alloys,a study on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy with different isothermal forging processes is carried out.The microstructure and properties of the alloy in the as-cast,isothermal forged,and post-aging states after forging are studied with optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),and tensile testing.The results show that significant dynamic recrystallization occurs during the isothermal forging process,a fine equiaxed grain structure is formed,and the mechanical properties of the alloy are greatly improved.When the isothermal forging temperature is 460℃ and the strain rate is 0.02 s^(-1),the alloy structure performance is the best,the room temperature tensile yield strength(TYS)is 218 MPa,the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)is 299 MPa,and the fracture elongation(FE)is 19.2%.When the alloy is post-forging artificial aged,theα-Mg matrix is dispersed,the Mg_5(Gd,Y)phase is precipitated,the UTS of the alloy is increased to 392 MPa,and the FE is reduced to 12.0%.

Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Squeeze Casting Mg-8Gd-2Y-0.4Zr Alloy

Microstructure and mechanical behavior of the squeeze-casting and squeeze-casting plus T6 heat-treated Mg-8 Gd-2 Y-0.4 Zr magnesium alloys at room and elevated temperatures were investigated. The experimental results showed that the T6 treated alloy aged at slightly high temperature exhibited good comprehensive strength and ductility. However, the strength of the tested alloys was not sensitive to the change of tensile temperature, i e, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength did not decrease significantly with increasing tensile temperature, while the ductility increased greatly. In addition, the squeeze-casting alloy exhibited predominant intergranular fracture accompanied by minor transgranular rupture, and the tensile fracture mode for the T6 treated alloy had typical transgranular cleavage fracture.