Immediate and delayed micro-tensile bond strength of different luting resin cements to different regional dentin

We sought to evaluate immediate and delayed micro-tensile bond strength of Panavia F2.0 and Multilink Sprint resin cement to superficial, deep and cervical dentin. Thirty-six freshly extracted non-carious human molars were sectioned in the mesiodistal direction to expose three different dentin regions including superficial dentin （1 mm below the dentine-enamel junction）, deep dentin （1 mm above the highest pulp horn） and cervical dentin （0.5 mm above the cemento-enamel junction and 0.5 mm below the dentine-enamel junction）. Resin cements were applied on dentin surfaces and composite blocks were luted under constant seating pressure. Each group was divided into three subgroups according to time intervals. Specimens were sectioned to obtain sticks of 1 mm2 in diameter and subjected to microtensile bond strength testing at a cross head speed of 1 mrn/min. Both resin cements showed higher micro-tensile bond strength to superficial dentin than that to deep or cervical dentin （P 〈 0.001）. Micro-ten- sile bond strengths of Panavia F2.0 were higher than those of Multilink Sprint at different dentin regions （P 〈 0.001）. Immediate ＂micro-tensile bond strengths were higher than those of delayed micro-tensile bond strengths for both resin cements （P 〈 0.001）. It was concluded that resin cements with different chemical formulations and applications yield significantly different micro-tensile bond strengths to different dentin regions.

Full-scale pullout tests of rock anchors in a limestone quarry focusing on bond failure at the anchor-grout and grout-rock interfaces

Rock anchors are a common safety measure for stabilising large-scale infrastructure,such as bridge towers,retaining walls,rock slopes and windmills.There are four principal failure modes for rock anchors:(a)tensile failure of the steel anchor,(b)anchor-grout interface failure,(c)grout-rock interface failure,and(d)rock mass uplift.Field tests were performed in a limestone quarry.These tests were designed to test failure modes B and C through pullout.In the tests of failure mode B,the shear stress on the anchor-grout interface is the largest at the top of the grout column and attenuates towards the distal end for small loads.The shear stress becomes uniformly distributed when the applied load is approximately 50%of the ultimate pullout load.The anchors designed to test failure mode C were installed with an endplate and had a higher toughness than the straight bar anchors.The shear stress on the grout-rock interface is the largest at the endplate and attenuates upward before slip starts along the interface.When the ultimate pullout load is reached,and the grout column starts to slip,the shear stress is approximately constant.The bond shear strength on the anchor-grout interface was approximately 20%of the uniaxial compressive strength of the grout,and the bond strength of the grout-rock interface was around 5%for that of the grout.The grout-rock interface is likely determined by whichever is weaker,the grout or the rock.

Failure characterization of fully grouted rock bolts under triaxial testing

Confining stresses serve as a pivotal determinant in shaping the behavior of grouted rock bolts.Nonetheless,prior investigations have oversimplified the three-dimensional stress state,primarily assuming hydrostatic stress conditions.Under these conditions,it is assumed that the intermediate principal stress(σ_(2))equals the minimum principal stress(σ_(3)).This assumption overlooks the potential variations in magnitudes of in situ stress conditions along all three directions near an underground opening where a rock bolt is installed.In this study,a series of push tests was meticulously conducted under triaxial conditions.These tests involved applying non-uniform confining stresses(σ_(2)≠σ_(3))to cubic specimens,aiming to unveil the previously overlooked influence of intermediate principal stresses on the strength properties of rock bolts.The results show that as the confining stresses increase from zero to higher levels,the pre-failure behavior changes from linear to nonlinear forms,resulting in an increase in initial stiffness from 2.08 kN/mm to 32.51 kN/mm.The load-displacement curves further illuminate distinct post-failure behavior at elevated levels of confining stresses,characterized by enhanced stiffness.Notably,the peak load capacity ranged from 27.9 kN to 46.5 kN as confining stresses advanced from σ_(2)=σ_(3)=0 to σ_(2)=20 MPa and σ_(3)=10 MPa.Additionally,the outcomes highlight an influence of confining stress on the lateral deformation of samples.Lower levels of confinement prompt overall dilation in lateral deformation,while higher confinements maintain a state of shrinkage.Furthermore,diverse failure modes have been identified,intricately tied to the arrangement of confining stresses.Lower confinements tend to induce a splitting mode of failure,whereas higher loads bring about a shift towards a pure interfacial shear-off and shear-crushed failure mechanism.

Study on Shear Strength Characteristics of Basalt-Concrete Bonding Interface Based on in-situ Direct Shear Test

In rock engineering,the shear strength of the basalt-concrete bonding interface is a key factor affecting the shear performance of hydroelectric dam foundations,embedded rock piles and rock bolts.In this study,30 sets of in-situ direct shear tests were conducted on the basalt-concrete bond interface in the Baihetan dam area to investigate the shear strength characteristics of the basalt-concrete bonding interface.The bonding interface contains two states,i.e.,the bonding interface is not sheared,termed as se(symbolic meaning see Table 1);the bonding interface is sheared with rupture surface,termed as si.The effects of lithology,Joints structure,rock type grade and concrete compressive strength on the shear strength of the concrete-basalt contact surface were investigated.The test results show that the shear strength of the bonding interface(s_(e)&s_(i))of columnar jointed basalt with concrete is greater than that of the bonding interface(s_(e)&s_(i))of non-columnar jointed one with the same rock type grade.When the rock type grade isⅢ_(2),fcol is 1.22 times higher than fncol and ccol is 1.13 times greater than cncol.The shear strength parameters of the basalt-concrete bonding interface differ significantly for different lithologies.The cohesion of the bonding interface(s_(i))of cryptocrystalline basalt with concrete is 2.05 times higher than that of the bonding interface(s_(i))of breccia lava with concrete under the same rock type grade condition.Rock type grade has a large influence on the shear strength of the non-columnar jointed basalt-concrete bonding interface(s_(e)&s_(i)).cnol increases by 33%when the grade of rock type rises fromⅢ_(1)toⅡ_(1).the rock type grade has a greater effect on bonding interface(s_(i))cohesion than the coefficient of friction.When the rock type grade is reduced fromⅢ_(2)toⅢ_(1),f_(ncol)′increases by 2%and c_(ncol)′improves by 44%.The shear strength of the non-columnar jointed basalt-concrete bonding interface(s_(e)&s_(i))increases with the increase of the compressive strength of concrete.When concrete compressive strength rises from 22.2 to 27.6 MPa,the cohesion increases by 94%.

Bond strength improvement of GFRP rebars with different rib geometries

Based on the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) criteria,105 pullout specimens were tested to investigate the effect of different rib geometries on bond strength of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars embedded in concrete. Two kinds of conventional reinforcing rebars were also studied for comparison. Each rebar was embedded in a 150 mm concrete cube,with the embedded length being four times the rebar diameter. The experimental parameters were the rebar type,rebar component,rebar diameter,rebar surface texture,rib height,rib spacing and rib width. Theoretical analysis was also carried out to explain the experimental phenomena and results. The experimental and theoretical results indicated that the bond strength of GFRP rebars was about 13%～35% lower than that of steel rebars. The bond strength and bond-slip behavior of the specially machined rebars varied with the rebar type,rebar diameter,rebar surface texture,rib height,rib spacing and rib width. Using the results,design recom-mendations were made concerning optimum rib geometries of GFRP ribbed rebars with superior bond-slip characteristics,which concluded that the optimal rib spacing of ribbed rebars is the same as the rebar diameter,and that the optimal rib height is 6% of the rebar diameter.

Experimental research on bond strength of deformed GFRP rebars with different surface configurations

Based on the Canadian Standards Association(CSA) criterion,experiments on 30 pull-out specimens were conducted to study the bond strength of deformed GFRP rebars with 8 different surface configurations.Each rebar was embedded in a 150 mm concrete cube,and the test embedded length was four times of the rebar diameter.Relationship between the mode of failure,the average bond strength and the average bond strength-slip for each rebar was analyzed.Results show that the failure mode of all specimens is the shearing off or desquamation of ribs,no splitting cracks appear on the cube specimens.The bond stress of deformed GFRP rebars mainly depends on the mechanical interaction between the ribs of the bar and the surrounding concrete,and the bond strength of deformed GFRP rebars is improved obviously.The optimal rib spacing is less than 2.5 times of the rebar diameter,and the rib height is more than 3% of the rebar diameter.

高强钢管超高性能混凝土界面黏结滑移性能试验

目的为了研究高强钢管超高性能混凝土的黏结滑移性能,方法考虑径厚比、长径比和钢纤维掺量3个参数的影响,设计并制作15根构件进行试验研究,通过推出试验,得到轴向荷载与加载端位移的荷载-位移曲线,以及高强钢管与超高性能混凝土之间的黏结强度,根据试验结果,对影响黏结强度的参数进行定性定量分析。结果结果表明:随着高强钢管长径比和径厚比的增加,黏结强度减小;随着钢纤维掺量增加,试件黏结强度先增加后减小,即当钢纤维掺量从1%增加到2%时,黏结强度增加,但当钢纤维掺量从2%增加到3%时,黏结强度反而降低;试件荷载-滑移曲线表现为两种形式,一是有明显的峰值点,峰值点后曲线急速下降(部分出现尾部上升的现象),二是曲线无明显峰值点,拐点后曲线持续缓慢增长。高强钢管超高性能混凝土的黏结破坏分为黏结阶段、滑动阶段和抗摩擦阶段。结论以长径比、径厚比、含钢率和套箍系数为参数,结合试验数据并对其进行回归分析,得到适用于高强钢管超高性能混凝土黏结强度的计算模型,并将计算结果与试验结果进行对比,计算值与试验值吻合较好,可为实际工程提供一定参考。

HRB635级高强钢筋与C70高强混凝土黏结锚固性能试验研究

目的 研究HRB635级高强钢筋与C70高强混凝土之间黏结锚固性能,为工程应用提供参考。方法 设计制作了5组45个直锚试件进行拉拔试验,分析了锚固长度、配箍率、混凝土保护层厚度等因素对锚固性能的影响。结果 试件极限承载力随配箍率和锚固长度的增加而增加,但当箍筋率ρsv大于1.26%,锚固长度la大于15d后,配箍率和锚固长度的增加不再对试件极限承载力产生明显的影响;对于未配置箍筋的试件,当试件保护层厚度从2d增加到3d时,试件极限承载力随着保护层厚度的增加而增加,但当保护层厚度大于3d后,保护层厚度的增加对试件极限承载力基本没有影响。结论 在进行HRB635级高强钢筋和C70高强混凝土试件设计时,锚固长度可按《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB 50010-2010)中相关公式进行计算,且具有足够的安全储备。

沙漠砂混凝土与钢筋黏结性能试验研究

在我国西部沙漠砂资源丰富的背景下,探究沙漠砂对钢筋与混凝土黏结性能的影响,制作中心拉拔试验,通过对不同沙漠砂取代率和不同粉煤灰掺量下的钢筋与混凝土的黏结强度进行试验研究。根据黏结滑移曲线,分析沙漠砂取代率和粉煤灰掺量对钢筋和混凝土黏结强度、极限位移、破坏模式的影响。研究结果表明:直径16 mm钢筋混凝土试件在锚固长度较短导致脆性劈裂破坏的情况下,钢筋与混凝土的黏结强度随沙漠砂取代率的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势;粉煤灰掺量为20%时,对两者的黏结强度提升最大。

径向脉冲力下薄壁内衬再生复合管层间应力分析

为深入研究径向脉冲力对薄壁内衬复合管层间应力的影响,基于以建立的层间相互作用本构关系,对X52N钢板和玻璃钢板通过黏结而成的复合板进行模态试验,并与有限元模拟结果进行对比,验证了胶层本构在有限元模拟中的可行性。通过建立薄壁内衬复合管有限元分析模型,研究径向脉冲力作用下,外基层管厚度与衬层厚度的比值及黏结强度对层间应力状态的影响。研究结果表明,随着层厚比的增加,层间应力的改变较为显著,而黏结强度的影响相对较小。在一定层厚比范围内,外基层管的支持效应能有效降低层间应力,但外基层管厚度也不宜过厚,过厚的外基层管会增加其质量和刚度,进而加大对内衬层的约束作用,从而导致层间应力增加。

碳纤维增强复合材料黏结型锚固体系弯拉性能试验研究

为了研究碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)黏结型锚固体系的弯拉性能,对设计的锚固体系试件进行了10组轴向拉伸试验与12组弯拉试验。在锚固体系优化基础上研究了CFRP筋直径、弯曲半径改变下试件的极限承载力、破坏模式、锚固效率及CFRP筋荷载‒应变关系。结果表明,锚固体系的弯拉承载力折减量系数随CFRP筋弯曲半径的增大而减小,CFRP筋直径越大试件承载力折减量系数越大,并且CFRP筋横向约束有利于弯拉极限承载力的提高。此外,CFRP筋荷载‒应变曲线的非线性变化是试件失效前的典型特征。弯曲半径和CFRP筋直径的比值与锚固效率系数为线性关系,比值在2.4‰以下时试件的弯拉锚固效率系数小于80%,试件呈不均匀断裂和剪切的破坏形式。

基于BP-ANN与RBF-ANN的钢筋与混凝土黏结强度预测模型研究

为研究神经网络对钢筋与混凝土黏结强度的预测能力以及神经网络的输出性能,基于大量的试验数据,提出一种基于改进神经网络的变形钢筋与混凝土黏结强度预测模型,对混凝土结构的研究与实际工程应用均有着重要的意义。收集290组黏结锚固试验数据,引入基于反向传播人工神经网络(BP-ANN)与径向基函数神经网络(RBF-ANN)算法,揭示混凝土强度、保护层厚度、钢筋直径、锚固长度及配箍率对变形钢筋与混凝土黏结性能的影响规律,建立基于改进神经网络算法的钢筋与混凝土黏结强度预测模型。对比分析不同数据预处理方法和训练神经元个数对建议模型预测结果的影响,评估各经典模型与建议模型的预测精度和离散性,提出临界锚固长度计算公式。结果表明:BP-ANN预测值与试验值比值的均值、标准差及变异系数分别为1.009、0.188、0.86,其预测精度略高于RBF-ANN;建议模型能够更准确、更稳定地预测钢筋与混凝土的黏结强度,该方法为解决钢筋与混凝土黏结问题提供了新思路。

超高性能混凝土-石材界面黏结性能试验研究

超高性能混凝土(UHPC)加固修复既有石结构中,UHPC与石材之间优异的黏结性能是保证加固效果的关键。因此,为探究UHPC-石材界面的黏结性能,通过劈裂抗拉试验和双L型剪切试验,考察不同界面处理方式对UHPC-石材界面黏结性能的影响。结果表明,UHPC-石材界面破坏模式主要分为三种,其中发生模式C破坏(石材UHPC破坏)时界面黏结强度最大。界面键槽处理方式能显著提高UHPC-石材界面黏结强度、界面剪切刚度,且在改变破坏形态的同时有效提升试件的延性,当键槽深度为20 mm时,试件表现出较好的界面黏结性能。另外,试件剪切荷载-位移曲线包含滑移前阶段和滑移后阶段,凿毛试件在滑移后阶段没有经历塑性变形。相同界面处理方式下,UHPC-石材的界面抗剪强度与界面劈裂抗拉强度呈正相关关系。

锈蚀对钢筋与混凝土之间粘结性能影响研究综述

钢筋锈蚀导致横截面积减少,同时锈蚀产物体积膨胀导致混凝土开裂和剥落,影响混凝土与钢筋的粘结能力,对混凝土结构的承载能力和使用寿命产生影响。本文基于国内外广泛的研究成果,分析了不同钢筋锈蚀实验方法的优劣和适用性。对于锈蚀钢筋与混凝土的粘结性能,探讨了中心拉拔试验、偏心拉拔试验和梁式试验的优劣。分别研究了纵筋和箍筋锈蚀对粘结强度的影响,并构建了以钢筋锈蚀率为基础的粘结强度退化模型。锈蚀导致的表面裂缝宽度是评估粘结强度的理想参数,然而基于裂缝宽度的粘结强度退化模型仍然相对较少。在锈蚀钢筋粘结应力-滑移本构模型方面,对未锈蚀和锈蚀钢筋混凝土构件的粘结-滑移关系进行了阐述,然而由于锈蚀钢筋的粘结-滑移曲线测试数据有限,上述模型的可靠性尚未得到验证。本文综述了国内外有关钢筋锈蚀方法和锈蚀钢筋混凝土构件粘结性能的研究方法,分析了纵筋和箍筋锈蚀对粘结强度退化的影响,并归纳总结了基于钢筋锈蚀率和构件表面锈胀裂缝宽度的粘结强度退化模型、以及钢筋混凝土构件粘结-滑移本构关系的最新研究成果。同时,分析了现有研究的不足之处,旨在为未来的钢筋混凝土粘结性能研究提供参考。

冻融循环环境下方钢管混凝土粘结强度试验研究

为研究冻融循环环境下方钢管混凝土的粘结性能,设计制作了19组57个方钢管混凝土短柱试件,并对这些试件开展冻融循环后的推出试验。获得了试件的荷载-滑移曲线,分析方钢管混凝土粘结力的组成以及冻融循环次数、构件长细比、钢管宽厚比对粘结强度的影响。试验结果表明,冻融循环后方钢管混凝土的荷载-滑移曲线与常温下总体相似,包含无滑移段、上升段、下降段、残余段。无滑移段的粘结作用由化学胶结力提供,滑移产生后的粘结作用由摩擦力和机械咬合力提供。在试验参数范围内,方钢管混凝土的粘结强度随着冻融循环作用次数增加呈幂函数减小,随着构件长细比的增大呈线性降低,随着钢管宽厚比的增大呈指数下降。在试验结果基础上,提出了冻融循环后方钢管混凝土粘结强度的计算公式,计算结果与试验结果总体总体吻合。

UHPC加固RC梁受力性能试验研究

为研究超高性能混凝土(UHPC)在RC梁加固中的适用性,通过双面剪切试验对UHPC-普通混凝土界面粘结性能进行分析。分别对RC梁受压、受拉区进行UHPC薄层加固,对未加固RC梁和受压、受拉区加固RC梁进行四点弯曲试验,对比正截面抗弯性能。结果表明:界面处理后,界面粘结性能大于普通混凝土抗剪强度。确定人工凿毛5 mm的界面处理方式。RC梁采用UHPC加固后,抗弯承载能力显著提高,受压区加固RC梁后受拉钢筋屈服荷载、试验峰值荷载分别提高了54.3%、52.2%,受拉区加固RC梁后受拉钢筋屈服荷载、试验峰值荷载分别提高了85.7%、96.9%;受拉钢筋屈服时受压、受拉区加固RC梁裂缝宽度较未加固RC梁分别减小了49.4%、72.3%;相同裂缝宽度0.2 mm下,受压、受拉区加固RC梁承载能力较未加固RC梁分别提高了1.4倍、6.5倍。提出UHPC加固RC梁极限抗弯承载力计算公式,该公式计算值与试验实测值吻合良好,且偏安全,可以指导UHPC加固RC梁设计。

全轻页岩陶粒混凝土与钢筋的极限粘接强度影响研究

全轻页岩陶粒混凝土和钢筋之间的粘接作用较为复杂,粘接强度受钢筋类型、锚固长度、混凝土强度等因素影响,通常采用中心拉拔试验方法分析全轻页岩陶粒混凝土的粘接效果。对此,采用该方法进行了12组不同标准的全轻页岩陶粒钢筋混凝土试件粘接强度测试试验,分析了试件拉拔破坏和劈裂破坏二种破坏形态,对比了不同钢筋直径、钢筋类型和混凝土强度等级下试件的粘接强度变化,并提出了更加合理的极限粘接强度计算方式。以期促进全轻页岩陶粒混凝土的深入研究和在建筑行业的广泛应用。

不锈钢筋混凝土粘结锚固性能研究

为研究不锈钢筋混凝土的粘结性能,制作了11组33个试样进行中心拉拔试验,研究了混凝土强度、钢筋类型、相对保护层厚度和相对锚固长度对不锈钢筋混凝土粘结锚固性能的影响。根据试验结果,通过统计回归对钢筋混凝土粘结强度计算公式进行了修正,利用修正后计算公式进行了粘结强度的计算,并将粘结强度计算值与试验值进行对比。结果表明,修正的粘结强度计算公式可较为准确地求出不锈钢筋混凝土的粘结强度。

建筑用金属面绝热夹芯板耐久性试验研究

建筑用金属面绝热夹芯板广泛应用于工业与民用建筑的屋面和墙体。现行的国家标准中没有建筑用金属面绝热夹芯板耐久性试验方法及评价指标的要求。根据金属面夹芯板实际用途,选择3种不同芯材的金属面夹芯板,在4种不同环境条件下进行耐久性试验,并对芯材的密度、质量吸湿率、导热系数以及金属面夹芯板的粘结强度进行测试。通过对试验数据的分析,找出影响试验数据的主要因素,并对金属面夹芯板耐久性评价指标的确定提出建议。

硅墨烯免拆模一体保温板抹面砂浆粘结强度现场检测实例分析

近年来,诞生了许多新型保温材料及配套保温系统设计方案,但现行的外墙保温材料大多存在施工成本高、防火性能难以达标等问题。而硅墨烯保温板及硅墨烯保温与结构一体化系统解决方案凭借其在建筑保温节能领域长期可靠性与绿色节能效益的优势,被重点推广和应用。通过调研,硅墨烯免拆模保温系统施工管理主要存在保温板与基层粘结强度不达标、保温系统抹面与保温层拉伸粘结强度不达标的问题。而保温系统的质量问题对建筑运维安全至关重要,为了对硅墨烯免拆模保温系统抹面砂浆粘结强度及破坏模式有一系统的了解,论文对该品种保温系统抹面砂浆粘结强度进行了现场检测,并对检测结果进行了探讨和分析。