The catalysis of ionic liquids (ILs) in the traditional stirred reactor suffers from insufficient mass and heat transfer, which always needs a long reaction time and results in a low reaction rate. In this work, highl...The catalysis of ionic liquids (ILs) in the traditional stirred reactor suffers from insufficient mass and heat transfer, which always needs a long reaction time and results in a low reaction rate. In this work, highly efficient synthesis of 1-methoxy-2-propanol via the alcoholysis reaction of propylene oxide (PO) with methanol was proposed and achieved by the combination of micro-tubular circulating reactor with the IL [N4444] [Buty] catalyst. Compared with the stirred reactor, the rate of alcoholysis reaction in a micro-tubular circulating reactor was found to be significantly improved. The reaction time was remarkably shortened to 20 min from 180 min as well as the yield of 1-methoxy-2-propanol reached 92%. Moreover, the kinetic study further demonstrated that the main reaction rate to 1-methoxy-2-propanol (K1) was about 20 times larger than the side reaction rate to byproduct 2-methoxy-1-propanol (K2) in the temperature range of 363–383 K. Such combination of micro-tubular circulating reactor with IL catalysts is believed to be a class of effective process intensification technique for highly efficient synthesis of 1-methoxy-2-propanol.展开更多
The stability of micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell （MT-SOFC） is predicted at ambient and operating temperatures via simulation method. The results reveal that as long as the anode failure probability satisfies the...The stability of micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell （MT-SOFC） is predicted at ambient and operating temperatures via simulation method. The results reveal that as long as the anode failure probability satisfies the failure criterion of 1E-6 at ambient temperature, the anode will retain its structural integrity at operating temperature. For the electrolyte or cathode, the stress strength ratio at operating temperature is significantly higher than that at ambient temperature. For an inappropriate component thickness, the cathode maybe fractures at operating temperature. In order to ensure the stability of MT-SOFC, the cathode thickness must be smaller than the maximum cathode thickness （tmax-cathode）, which is derived from. tmax-cathode = 5.49 ＋ 5.54 te展开更多
基金We thank the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.21566011,31570560)the Jiangxi Province Sponsored Programs for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.20162BCB23026)and the Science&Technology Programs of Jiangxi Province Department of Education(No.GJJ160272)for financial support.
文摘The catalysis of ionic liquids (ILs) in the traditional stirred reactor suffers from insufficient mass and heat transfer, which always needs a long reaction time and results in a low reaction rate. In this work, highly efficient synthesis of 1-methoxy-2-propanol via the alcoholysis reaction of propylene oxide (PO) with methanol was proposed and achieved by the combination of micro-tubular circulating reactor with the IL [N4444] [Buty] catalyst. Compared with the stirred reactor, the rate of alcoholysis reaction in a micro-tubular circulating reactor was found to be significantly improved. The reaction time was remarkably shortened to 20 min from 180 min as well as the yield of 1-methoxy-2-propanol reached 92%. Moreover, the kinetic study further demonstrated that the main reaction rate to 1-methoxy-2-propanol (K1) was about 20 times larger than the side reaction rate to byproduct 2-methoxy-1-propanol (K2) in the temperature range of 363–383 K. Such combination of micro-tubular circulating reactor with IL catalysts is believed to be a class of effective process intensification technique for highly efficient synthesis of 1-methoxy-2-propanol.
基金the financial support of the National Science Foundation of China (21406095)the Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities Natural Science Projects (13KJB480003)
文摘The stability of micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell （MT-SOFC） is predicted at ambient and operating temperatures via simulation method. The results reveal that as long as the anode failure probability satisfies the failure criterion of 1E-6 at ambient temperature, the anode will retain its structural integrity at operating temperature. For the electrolyte or cathode, the stress strength ratio at operating temperature is significantly higher than that at ambient temperature. For an inappropriate component thickness, the cathode maybe fractures at operating temperature. In order to ensure the stability of MT-SOFC, the cathode thickness must be smaller than the maximum cathode thickness （tmax-cathode）, which is derived from. tmax-cathode = 5.49 ＋ 5.54 te
