Introducing Seawater from Bohai Sea to West China for Sustainable Development in the Area

Sustained and profound aridization process in north west China in Tertiary and Quaternary period and time of mankind history are discussed. The rain creased function of 3 set high mountain condensation systems in north west China is recognized once more. A sandstorm happened on 20th March 2002 in Alasan and Ejinaqi areas was very strong and arrived in Japan and Korea. For saving Alasan area from sandstorm a way of introducing sea water from Bohai to Alasan has been proposed. Four problems are replied in this paper. It is concluded that introducing sea water from Bohai to west China is the best way for sustainable development of west China.

Study on Ecological Compensation Policy among the Micro Subjects on Water Energy Resources Development

The subjects of ecological compensation involve the nation, society, development enterprises of wa-ter-energy resources, as well as the location of resource itself. This paper systematically studies on how to make “water energy sources market compensation policy”, “the economic compensation policy for relevant interest subjects” and “the ecological compensation policy of basin ecological water.” So, it is necessary to exert the complementary function between market compensation and government compensation by the means of economic compensation and to establish the ecological compensation policy of basin ecological water, which is beneficial to coordinating the stakeholders’ interests of cross-region or inter-basin. And it is important and significant to establish constantly perfected ecological compensation policy among the micro subjects on water energy resources development, so as to coordinate interest relationships among various subjects and finally reach the aim of sustainable use of water energy resources and environmental protection as possible.

Electrochemical power sources:key agents for energy sustainability(Ⅰ)

There is mounting concern over the sustainability of global energy supplies.Among the key drivers are:(ⅰ) global warming,ocean surface acidification and air pollution,which imply the need to control and reduce anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases(especially carbon dioxide),nitrogen oxides,sulfur oxides,unburnt hydrocarbons and fine particles;(ⅱ) the low estimated reserves of oil and natural gas;(ⅲ) the need for energy security adapted to each country,such as decreasing the dependence on fossil-fuel imports(in particular,the vulnerability to volatile oil prices) from regions where there is political or economic instability;(ⅳ) the expected growth in world population with the ever-increasing aspiration for an improved standard-of-living for all.Hydrogen is being promoted world-wide as a total panacea for energy problems.As a versatile carrier for storing and transporting energy from any one of a myriad of sources to an electricity generator,it is argued that hydrogen will eventually replace(or at least greatly reduce) the reliance on fossil fuels and thereby also avoid/decrease emissions of carbon dioxide.Not unexpectedly,the building of a ’Hydrogen Economy’ presents great scientific and technological challenges in the production,delivery,storage,conversion and end-use of this energy vector.In addition,there are many policy,regulatory,economic,financial,investment,environmental and safety questions to be addressed.Notwithstanding these obstacles,it is indeed plausible that hydrogen will become increasingly deployed and will compete with traditional systems of energy storage and supply.Future roles for electrochemical power sources ——batteries,supercapacitors,photoelectrochemical cells and fuel cells ——on the pathway to universal energy sustainability in stationary,mobile-power and road transportation applications are examined.

Toward an Ecological Civilization:China’s Progress as Documented by the Second National General Survey of Pollution Sources

The relationship between environmental quality and economic growth has been a hot topic for decades.After years of rapid industrialization and urbanization,China’s environmental challenges are approaching a turning point.Following the principles of ecological civilization construction,China is on its way to maintaining high-quality and green economic development.On 10 June 2020,the Chinese Government reported the key findings of the Second National General Survey of Pollution Sources(fiscal year 2017),which provides strong quantitative evidence of progress toward ecological civilization.In terms of our comparison between the two National General Surveys in 2007 and 2017,it was found that environmental pollution,measured in terms of many wastewater and air emission pollutant discharges,is decreasing despite the steady growth in economic activities—and at a noticeably fast pace.Other national and local governments can adopt some of China’s ecological civilization practices,within their own individual contexts.

Predictive Multimodal Deep Learning-Based Sustainable Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Utilization

Recently,renewable energy(RE)has become popular due to its benefits,such as being inexpensive,low-carbon,ecologically friendly,steady,and reliable.The RE sources are gradually combined with non-renewable energy(NRE)sources into electric grids to satisfy energy demands.Since energy utilization is highly related to national energy policy,energy prediction using artificial intelligence(AI)and deep learning(DL)based models can be employed for energy prediction on RE and NRE power resources.Predicting energy consumption of RE and NRE sources using effective models becomes necessary.With this motivation,this study presents a new multimodal fusionbased predictive tool for energy consumption prediction(MDLFM-ECP)of RE and NRE power sources.Actual data may influence the prediction performance of the results in prediction approaches.The proposed MDLFMECP technique involves pre-processing,fusion-based prediction,and hyperparameter optimization.In addition,the MDLFM-ECP technique involves the fusion of four deep learning(DL)models,namely long short-termmemory(LSTM),bidirectional LSTM(Bi-LSTM),deep belief network(DBN),and gated recurrent unit(GRU).Moreover,the chaotic cat swarm optimization(CCSO)algorithm is applied to tune the hyperparameters of the DL models.The design of the CCSO algorithm for optimal hyperparameter tuning of the DL models,showing the novelty of the work.A series of simulations took place to validate the superior performance of the proposed method,and the simulation outcome emphasized the improved results of the MDLFM-ECP technique over the recent approaches with minimum overall mean absolute percentage error of 3.58%.

Towards sustainable, secure and safe energy: A future for thorium power

Thorium (Th) is three to four times more abundant than Uranium (U) in nature and distributed evenly in most developing countries in the World. Th can be mined with relatively cheap and environment friendly mining methods from high grade alluvial deposits. Th extraction is relatively straightforward and inexpensive. Th has better radiation stability and longer fuel cycle. Th has a higher energy density and fuel economy in the reactors. One ton of mined Th produces as much energy as 200 tons of mined U, or 3.5 million tons of coal. World’s global energy needs for one year can be supplied by approximately burning 6000 tons of Th. Since Th is an abundant and sustainable source of energy for the future, developing countries cannot afford to ignore. Molten salt and accelerator driven reactors have been developed for Th-fuel. Turkey has the sixth biggest Th resources in the world and must declare Th as part of countries national power policy like China and India.

Historical Review of Hydrogen Energy Storage Technology

Hydrogen energy as a sustainable energy source has most recently become an increasingly important renewable energy resource due to its ability to power fuel cells in zero-emission vehicles and its help in lowering the levels of CO2 emissions. Also, hydrogen has a high energy density and can be utilized in a wide range of applications. It is indeed the fuel of the future but, it is still not entirely apparent how to analyze the most successful ways for hydrogen storage based on technological configuration, nature, and efficiency mechanisms. The historical hydrogen storage technologies as they are presented by the current research have been evaluated, analyzed, and examined in this study. The two categories of hydrogen storage systems are physical-based and material-based.The first category involves storing hydrogen as liquid, cold/cryo-compressed, and compressed gas. Chemical sorption/chemisorption and physical sorption/physisorption are the two primary sub-groups of material-based storage, respectively. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of storage technologies for hydrogen are evaluated in this paper. Also, this report reviews the major safety and reliability issues currently facing hydrogen storage systems. Suggestions are made to assist lay the groundwork for future risk and reliability analysis to ensure safe, dependable operation.

Bioorganic Municipal Waste Management to Deploy a Sustainable Solid Waste Disposal Practice in China

The utilization of bioorganic municipal waste (BMW) is considered essentially for the further development of integrated waste management practice in China. Awareness and knowledge about the importance of BMW management and source separation of waste on household level, as a precondition for the implementation of an economically feasible integrated waste management infrastructure, were developed in Europe during the last decade. The Sino–German RRUBMW Project is facilitating applied research investigations in 4 pilot areas in Shenyang to assess the population’s behavior to develop the design criteria for appropriate process technologies and to provide the basis to adopt BMW management policy in China.

Encouraging circular economy and sustainable environmental practices by addressing waste management and biomass energy production

The current linear economy assumes abundant,easily accessible,and cost-effective natural resources.However,this assumption is unsustainable,especially considering the world’s current trajectory exceeding the Earth’s ecological limits.In contrast,circular economy(CE)reduces wastes and improves resource efficiency,making them a more sustainable alternative to the dominant linear model.Biomass energy generated from agricultural leftovers,forestry wastes,and municipal trash provides a renewable substitute for fossil fuels.This reduces greenhouse gas emissions and improves energy security.Proper waste management,including trash reduction,recycling,and innovative waste-to-energy technology,reduces the burden on landfills and incineration and creates renewable energy from materials that would otherwise go to waste.Although integrating these techniques is consistent with the CE’s resource efficiency and waste minimization principles,it requires addressing environmental,technical,and socioeconomic challenges.Given the pressing global issues,transitioning to a CE and implementing sustainable environmental practices are crucial to mitigate the current waste management crisis.The aim of this study is to emphasize the viability of biomass as a source of sustainable energy,the necessity of comprehensive strategies that prioritize ecological sustainability,community involvement,and innovation to achieve a circular principle based future,and the potential obstacles to the implementation of sustainable environmental practices.This study will aid in implementing CE practices to accomplish the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and landfill loads.Beyond environmental benefits,it can also bring economic,social,and health improvements.Furthermore,this study will assist societies in addressing global issues,such as resource scarcity,pollution,and climate change,as well as transitioning to a more sustainable and resilient future.

An Experimental Study of Microbial Fuel Cells for Electricity Generating: Performance Characterization and Capacity Improvement

This paper studies the electricity generating capacity of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Unlike most of MFC research, which targets the long term goals of renewable energy production and wastewater treatment, this paper considers a niche application that may be used immediately in practice, namely powering sensors from soils or sediments. There are two major goals in this study. The first goal is to examine the performance characteristics of MFCs in this application. Specifically we investigate the relationship between the percentage of organic matter in a sample and the electrical capacity of MFCs fueled by that sample. We observe that higher percentage of organic matter in a sample results in higher electricity production of MFCs powered by that sample. We measure the thermal limits that dictate the temperature range in which MFCs can function, and confirm that the upper thermal limit is 40℃. The new observation is that the lower thermal limit is -5℃, which is lower than 0℃ reported in the literature. This difference is important for powering environmental sensors. We observe that the electricity production of MFCs decreases almost linearly over a period of 10 days. The second goal is to determine the conditions under which MFCs work most efficiently to generate electricity. We compare the capacity under a variety of conditions of sample types (benthic mud, top soil, and marsh samples), temperatures (0℃, 40℃, and room temperature), and sample sizes (measuring 3.5 cm × 3.5 cm × 4.6 cm, 10.2 cm × 10.2 cm × 13.4 cm, and 2.7 cm × 2.7 cm × 3.8 cm), and find that the electricity capacity is greatest at 0℃, powered by benthic mud sample with the largest chamber size. What seems surprising is that 0℃ outperforms both room temperature and benthic mud sample outperforms marsh sample, which appears to be richer in organic matter. In addition, we notice that although the largest chamber size produces the greatest capacity, it suffers from efficiency loss. The reasons of these observations will be explained in the paper. The study demonstrates that the electricity production of MFCs can be increased by selecting the right condition of sample type, temperature, and chamber size.

Assessing the Potential Use of Solar Energy Source in Urban Areas Located in Natural Protected Sites

The main aim of this paper is to present an easy to use methodology for assessing the potential amount of electricity or thermal energy production in urban areas located in natural protected sites. The methodology is based on two different steps: a territorial analysis for the evaluation of solar radiation and usable surfaces for photovoltaic or solar thermal plant, and a plant analysis for highlighting those photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies which installation will not generate significant impacts in areas characterized by high environmental and landscaping value. The methodology was successfully applied in two case studies inside two different Italian natural protected areas. The obtained results were provided to local administrations and communities as a useful tool for sustainable energy planning.

中国农业减污降碳协同效应及其影响机制研究

农业面源污染与农业碳排放是中国农业面临的重要环境问题。现有研究忽视了农业面源污染治理与农业碳减排之间的协同关系,未探索农业减污降碳协同效应及其影响机制,影响农业可持续发展。为此,本文借鉴现有成果,提出农业减污降碳协同效应概念,基于2007—2021年中国30省份面板数据,利用双固定效应回归模型、调节效应模型对农业减污降碳协同效应及其影响机制进行实证分析,并讨论地区异质性。结果表明:1)农业减污降碳协同效应存在,农业面源污染与农业碳排放存在显著的协同关系,当农业面源污染减少时农业碳排放也将显著减少,该结果进行稳健性检验和处置内生性后依然成立;2)农业化学物资消费结构对农业减污降碳协同效应产生显著负向调节作用,农业化学物资使用效率与农业种植结构产生显著正向调节作用,农业投资规模产生负向调节作用但不显著;3)北方地区农业减污降碳协同效应比南方地区更为显著,农业化学物资消费结构与农业化学物资使用效率对北方地区农业减污降碳协同效应产生显著负向调节作用,农业种植结构对北方地区和南方地区农业减污降碳协同效应产生显著正向调节作用。因此,农业降污减碳协同效应存在。

基于碳源和碳汇视角的农业绿色发展研究--以四川省为例

农业绿色发展事关生态安全、食品安全,事关高质量、可持续发展,是农业供给侧结构性改革的主攻方向,也是实施“双碳”战略和“五位一体”总体布局的具体体现。金融支持农业绿色发展,构建绿色农业品牌,有助于促进生态保护、提升资源利用效率、确保食品安全、降低碳排放,实现农户增收和农业高质量发展。四川既是我国农业大省,又是生态资源大省,本文以四川为例,从碳源和碳汇角度分析绿色农业的生态和经济效益,探索金融支持农业绿色发展的新模式,力求搭建起政府主导、市场化运作的工作机制,从而为全国的生态文明建设贡献应有的力量。

外加电压对原位缓释碳源释碳效果影响的研究

为改善城市污水处理厂外加碳源成本高、产泥量大等问题,利用废弃纸屑与纤维素降解菌为原料制备投加型缓释碳源,并通过控制外加电压调控碳源释放速率。研究结果表明,在0.4 V的电压下,释碳微生物的响应效果最为显著。高通量测序结果显示,外加电压能够显著抑制产酸菌活性,而促进电活性菌丰度增加,证明外加电源的方法可通过调控功能微生物的群落结构及活性来控制碳源释放情况,可为进一步优化污水处理工艺自动化控制及碳源投加方式的选择提供理论依据与技术支撑。

生态文明背景下“能量美学”的概念提出与设计探索

提出“能量美学”这一全新的理念,该理念的核心在于通过能量和资源的高效利用创造美好空间,同时促进环境保护和社会进步,推动生态文明建设和可持续发展。从背景与缘起、概念与解析、价值与意义、路径与实践、趋势与影响、结论与展望6个方面,阐释“能量美学”作为一种全新的理念,在生态价值、经济价值和文化价值方面都具有重大的战略意义,并通过应用实例,得出“能量美学”不仅在理论上具有创新性,而且在实际操作中也展现出极高的可行性和有效性。通过提升能量使用的效率和审美价值,创造更加绿色和谐的生活环境,满足人民对美好生活的追求,为构建更加和谐、绿色的未来提供新路径和新视角。

省域能源高质量发展分析研究——以福建省为例

本文以福建省为研究对象,对各能源品种的供求平衡进行量化分析,提炼福建能源高质量发展的特色和优势;结合福建经济产业发展特点,总结能源发展成效,梳理成功经验,剖析面临的挑战,最后提出省域能源高质量发展的政策建议。

优质水源条件下臭氧生物活性炭工艺运行模式探讨

针对水厂引入优质水源后如何管理好臭氧生物活性炭工艺(O_(3)-BAC),降低生产能耗的问题,以确保水质安全、设备设施可靠的前提下,在J和N水厂分别开展停用和小流量运行O_(3)-BAC的生产性试验,重点分析了停用O_(3)-BAC对水处理效果、炭滤池和重点设备的影响,并对小流量运行O_(3)-BAC的运行模式进行了初探讨。结果表明,在原水为优质水源的条件下,若停用O_(3)-BAC,常规工艺处理高pH原水时,出厂铝会升高;炭池停用45 d内,滤料上微生物活性急剧下降,重启运行后65 d后仅恢复至停用前的64%;炭池停用再启动后,出水氨(以N计)含量呈现先增长后下降,且增长量随停用时间延长而增大,最高可升至0.7 mg/L,24小时后达到稳定;停用时间小于6个月,提升泵等重点设备性能无明显变化。若采用小流量运行O_(3)-BAC(超越水量约60%),N水厂电耗和氧耗分别下降8.80%和28.72%。

人体微生物源异味与相关清洁产品开发趋势

根据人体生理特点,介绍了几种微生物导致的人体异味及代表性物质,分析了目前人体异味清洁产品的开发思路,讨论了人体微生物源异味清洁产品的开发趋势。

新型电力系统构建的若干基本问题

如何构建新型电力系统是实现“双碳”目标的首要问题,当前正处于加快推进的关键阶段,亟需厘清新型电力系统构建的基本问题,为新型电力系统的深入研究与建设提供参考与指引。该文刻画了新型电力系统电源、电网、负荷与储能形态的重大变化;在此基础上,从平衡理论,稳定机理,成本分析、优化与疏导等方面提出新型电力系统构建的科学问题与经济学问题;最后,提出了支撑新型电力系统构建的关键技术方向。

“双碳”背景下的低碳校园建设

碳减排技术的应用是推动校园建筑可持续发展的关键,校园建筑是应用碳减排技术的重要领域。以碳减排技术在实际校园案例中的应用为研究对象,探讨了碳减排技术的种类、应用场景及减碳效果,总结了10项减碳技术,可为新建校园的技术选择提供参考。