RELATIONS OF ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND BLOOD FLOW IN BRACHIAL ARTERY AND CORONARY ARTERY

Objective:To determine the relations between endothelium-dependent vasodilator function and blood flow in the brachial and coronary arteries in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.Methods:Twenty-eight patients with suspected coronary artery disease underwent brachial artery endothelial function test by using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound before coronary angiography(CAG)and coronary flow reserve(CFR)test by using intracoronary Doppler technique.The correlation of coronary artery dilatation induced by an increase in blood flow after intracoronary adenosine infusion and brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation(FMD) following reactive hyperemia was evaluated.The relation between the change of brachial artery blood flow and CFR was also studied.Results:There was a positive correlation between brachial FMD and percent change of coronary diameter after adenosine infusion(12.50%±9.35% vs 11.38%±7.55%,r=0.425,P=0.02).There was also a weak negative relation between brachial flow change following reactive hy-peremia and CFR(r=-0.397,P=0.04).Conclusion:There is a correlation between the coronary endo-thelial function and the CFR by ultrasonic determination of brachial flow changes following reactive hyperemia.

Effect of Carvedilol on the Coronary Vascular Endothelial Function after Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty

Objectives To understand the effect of carvedilol on the coronary vascular endothelial function of the patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Methods 51cases, having one or more than two branches narrow ( ≥ 70% ) , were diagnosed by coronary angiography. These patients were divided randomly into carvedilol group (n = 28) and control group ( n = 23) who did not take carvedilol. Endothelin (ET) and nitro dioxide (NO) levels of peripheral blood were measured before and after PTCA, before and after two weeks by taking earvedilol. Results Compared with the ET and NO levels before PTCA, ET were markedly increased and NO were decreased after PTCA (p <0. 05) ; compared with the ET and NO levels before taking carvedilol, ET were decreased and NO were increased after two week (p <0.05 ) , but the ET and NO levels of the control group did not change in the period of two weeks observation (p > 0.05). Conclusions Carvedilol may improve the coronary vascular endothelial function after PTCA.

Relationship between testosterone and indexes indicating endothelial function in male coronary heart disease patients

Aim： To investigate the relationship between androgen level and the indexes indicating endothelial function in male patients with coronary heart disease （CHD）. Methods： We registered the following data for 106 50-70-year-old men： age, weight, blood lipid, including total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride, whether a smoker, sugar levels, blood pressure, free testosterone （FT）, vascular cell adhesion molecule- 1 （VCAM- 1） and the intima-media thickness （IMT） of common carotid artery, common carotid diameter, maximum velocity in systolic phase, minimum velocity in diastolic phase and resistent index. Among the 106 men, 51 were patients with CHD. The relationships between FT level, VCAM-1 concentration and IMT were examined, respectively, using a stepwise linear regression technique among all the 106 men. Results： There was no statistical difference in terms of age, blood pressure, whether a smoker, sugar levels, HDL-C, minimum velocity in diastolic phase, resistent index between male CHD patients and controls; whereas results for weight, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, VCAM- 1 and IMT of male CHD patients were higher than those of controls; FT level and maximum velocity in systolic phase were lower. It was found that among all the objects, FT level was inversely correlated with IMT and VCAM-1 concentration. Condusion： FT level was inversely correlated with VCAM-I concentration and IMT which are indicators of endothelial function. （Asian JAndro12008 Mar; 10： 214-218）

Positive influence of aspirin on coronary endothelial function: Importance of the dose

AIM: To investigate the effects of different doses of aspirin on coronary endothelial function. METHODS: The study included 139 Japanese subjects(mean age, 60 years; 53 women) with angiographically normal coronary arteries. Patients were distributed into GroupⅠ(n = 63), who was administered aspirin and Group Ⅱ(n = 76), the control, who were not administered aspirin. GroupⅠwas further divided into GroupⅠa(n = 50, low-dose aspirin, 100 mg) and GroupⅠb(n = 13, high-dose aspirin, 500 mg). After a routine coronary angiography, acetylcholine(ACh; 3 and 30 μg/min successively) and nitroglycerin(NTG) were infused into the left coronary ostium over 2 min. The change in the diameter of the coronary artery in response to each drug was expressed as the percentage change from baseline values.RESULTS: The patient characteristics did not differ between the two groups. The change in coronary diameter in response to ACh was greater in GroupⅠthan in Group Ⅱ(P = 0.0043), although the NTG-induced coronary vasodilation was similar between groups. ACh-induced dilation was greater in GroupⅠa than in GroupⅠb(P = 0.0231). Multivariate regression analysis showed that a low-dose of aspirin(P = 0.0004) was one of the factors associated with ACh-induced dilation at 30 μg/min.CONCLUSION: In subjects with angiographically normal coronary arteries, aspirin only had a positive influence on coronary endothelial function at the low dose of 100 mg. This improvement of coronary endothelial function may be involved in the preventive effect of aspirin against future coronary events.

Effect of Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets adjuvant therapy on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure

Objective: To investigate the effects of Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure. Methods: A total of 98 patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure who met the criteria of the study were selected as the subjects, based on the random data table they were divided into the control group (n=49) and observation group (n=49), the patients in the control group were treated with Metoprolol Tartrate Sustained-release Tablets treatment, and the patients in the observation group were treated with Metoprolol Tartrate Sustained-release Tablets combined with Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets, the levels of inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: The difference of the CRP, TNF-α, MDA, SOD, NO, ET-1, LVEF, LVEDD and LVESD levels in the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant;Compared with the levels of the two groups before treatment, the two groups of CRP, TNF-α, MDA, ET-1, LVEDD and LVESD levels after treatment were significantly decreased, and the level of the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than those levels in the control group, the difference was statistically significant;The levels of SOD, NO and LVEF of the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those in the same group before treatment, and the observation group levels [(88.09±7.51) U/ml, (72.58±14.64) mol/L, (48.34±5.09)% ] were significantly higher than the control group [(79.44±7.27) U/ml, (61.89±11.06) mol/L, (44.19±4.58)%], the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets in the treatment of coronary heart disease with heart failure can effectively inhibit the release of inflammatory factors, improve oxidative stress state, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function, has an important clinical value.

Effect of exercise rehabilitation combined with trimetazidine on endothelial function, inflammatory response and blood lipid metabolism in patients with coronary heart disease after PCI

Objective:To study the effect of exercise rehabilitation combined with trimetazidine on endothelial function, inflammatory response and blood lipid metabolism in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: The patients with stable angina pectoris who received PCI in our hospital between July 2015 and November 2017 were chosen and randomly divided into the observation group who received postoperative exercise rehabilitation combined with trimetazidine and the control group who received conventional intervention combined with trimetazidine. The reactive hyperemia index (RHI) as well as serum contents of endothelial markers, inflammatory cytokines and blood lipid indexes were determined before intervention and after intervention for 3 months.Results:After intervention for 3 months, the RHI levels as well as serum NO, HDL-C and Omentin-1 contents of both groups significantly increased while serum ET-1, vWF, M-CSF, IL-6, IL-8, RANTES, LDL-C and Chemerin contents significantly decreased;the RHI level as well as serum NO, HDL-C and Omentin-1 contents of the observation group was significantly higher than those of the control group while serum ET-1, vWF, M-CSF, IL-6, IL-8, RANTES, LDL-C and Chemerin contents were significantly lower than those of the control group.Conclusion:Exercise rehabilitation combined with trimetazidine can improve the endothelial function, inhibit the inflammatory response and regulate the blood lipid metabolism in patients with coronary heart disease after PCI.

Effect of aerobic exercise training on red blood cell parameters, vascular endothelial function in elderly patients with coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure

Objective: To investigate effect of aerobic exercise training combined with conventional drug on red blood cell parameters, vascular endothelial function and cardiac function in elderly patients with coronary heart disease complicated with chronic heart failure. Methods: A total of 110 elderly patients with coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure according to random data table were divided into control group (n=54) and observation group (n=56). The patients in control group were treated with conventional drug, and patients in the observation group received conventional drug combined with aerobic exercise training. Before and after treatment, levels of red blood cell parameters, vascular endothelial function and cardiac function indexes were compared between the two groups. Results: Before treatment, the difference of HCT, RDW, RBC, NO, ET-1, LVEF, LVEDD and LVESD levels in the two groups were not significantly. After treatment, HCT and RBC levels in two groups were no statistically significant difference;The levels of RDW, ET-1, LVEDD and LVESD in observation group were significantly lower than those in this group before treatment, and significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment;The levels of NO and LVEF in two groups were significantly higher than those in the group before treatment, and levels of NO and LVEF in the observation group were significantly higher than those in control group after treatment. Conclusion: The clinical effect of aerobic exercise training combined with conventional drug in treatment of senile coronary heart disease with chronic heart failure was significant, which can effectively increase the RDW level of patients, improve vascular endothelial function and heart function, it has important clinical value.

Effects of telmisartan combined with nifedipine controlled release tablet on inflammatory factors, vascular endothelial function and left ventricular function in patients with coronary heart disease with mild to moderate hypertension

Objective: To investigate the effect of telmisartan combined with Nifedipine Controlled Release Tablet on inflammatory factors, vascular endothelial function and left ventricular function in patients with coronary heart disease with mild to moderate hypertension. Methods:A total of 92 cases of patients with coronary heart disease with mild to moderate hypertension were selected as the object of observation, according to the random data table, they were divided into the control group (n=46) and observation group (n=46), and patients in the control group were treated with Nifedipine Controlled Release Table therapy, on this basis, the observation group patients were given telmisartan treatment, two groups were treated for 6 months. The levels of the blood pressure, inflammatory factors, vascular endothelial function and left ventricular function compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: There were no significant differences in the levels of SBP, DBP, hs-CRP, TNF-α, NO, ET-1, LVEF, LVEDD and LVESD in the two groups before treatment. After treatment, two groups of SBP, DBP, hs-CRP, TNF-α, ET-1, LVEDD and LVESD levels were significantly lower than those in the same group before treatment, and after treatment, the levels of SBP, DBP, hs-CRP, TNF-α, ET-1 and LVESD in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while there were no significant difference in the level of LVEDD between the two groups after treatment;Compared with level in the group before treatment, the levels of NO and LVEF in the two groups were significantly increased, and the observation group [(82.13±19.01) μmol/L, (52.83±7.45)%] was significantly higher than the control group ((67.37±13.08) μmol/L, (49.47±6.96)%)Conclusion: Telmisartan combined with Nifedipine Controlled Release Table in treating coronary heart disease with mild to moderate hypertension, can effectively control blood pressure, reduce the inflammatory stress, improve vascular endothelial function and left ventricular function of patients, has an important clinical value.

Evaluation of coronary microvascular function in patients with vasospastic angina

AIM: To investigate endothelium-dependent and independent coronary microvascular functions in patients with vasospastic angina (VSA). METHODS: Thirty-six patients with VSA (30 men and 6 women; mean age, 58 years) were enrolled in this study. VSA was defined as ≥ 90% narrowing of the epicardial coronary arteries on angiography performed during a spasm provocation test, presence of chest pain, and/or ST-segment deviation on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Patients (n = 36) with negative spasm provocation test results and those matched for age and sex were enrolled as a control group (nonVSA group). Low-dose acetylcholine (ACh; 3 μg/min) was infused into the left coronary ostium for 2 min during the spasm provocation test. Following the spasm provocation test, nitroglycerin (0.2 mg) was administered intracoronally. Coronary blood flow (was calculated from quantitativeangiography and Doppler flow velocity measurements, and the coronary flow reserve was calculated as the ratio of coronary flow velocity after injection of adenosine triphosphate (20 μg) to the baseline value. Changes in the coronary artery diameter in response to ACh and nitroglycerin infusion were expressed as percentage changes from baseline measurements. RESULTS: Body mass index was significantly lower in the VSA group than in the nonVSA group. The fre- quency of conventional coronary risk factors and the rate of statin use were similar between the 2 groups. The left ventricular ejection fraction as evaluated by echocardiography was similar between the 2 groups. The duration of angina was 9 ± 2 mo. The results of blood chemistry analysis were similar between the 2 groups. Low-dose ACh did not cause coronary spasms. The change in coronary artery diameter in response to ACh was lower in the VSA group (-1.4% ± 9.3%) than in the nonVSA group (3.1% ± 6.5%, P 【 0.05), whereas nitroglycerin-induced coronary artery dilatation and coronary blood flow increase in response to ACh or coronary flow reserve did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that microvascular coronary function may be preserved despite endothelial dysfunction of the epicardial coronary arteries in patients with VSA.

Increased brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is associated with impaired endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease

Background Pulse wave velocity and flow-mediated vasodilation （FMD） are widely used as noninvasive modalities for evaluating atherosclerosis. However, it is not known whether pulse wave velocity is related to FMD in patients with coronary artery disease （CAD）. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the alteration in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPWV） and endothelial function in CAD patients. Methods Thirty-three patients with CAD and thirty control subjects were recruited for this study, baPWV was measured non-invasively using a VP 1000 automated PWV/ABI analyzer （PWV/ABI, Colin Co. Ltd., Komaki, Japan）. Endothelial function as reflected by FMD in the brachial artery was assessed with a high-resolution ultrasound device. Results baPWV was increased in CAD patients compared with control subjects [（1756.1±253.1） cm/s vs （1495.3±202.3） cm/s, P〈0.01]. FMD was significantly reduced in CAD patients compared with control subjects [（5.2±2.1） % vs （11.1±4.4） %, P〈0.01]. baPWV correlated with FMD （r =-0.68, P〈0.001）. The endothelium-independent vasodilation induced by sublingual nitroglycerin in the brachial artery was similar in the CAD group compared with the control group.Conclusions CAD is associated with increased baPWV and endothelial dysfunction. Increased baPWV parallels diminished endothelial function. Our data therefore suggest that baPWV can be used as a noninvasive surrogate index in clinical evaluation of endothelial function.

Effect of Shengmai Injection (生脉注射液) on Vascular Endothelial and Heart Functions in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Complicated with Diabetes Mellitus

Objective： To study the effect of Shengmai injection （生脉注射液, SMI） on vascular endothelial and heart functions in coronary heart disease patients complicated with diabetes mellitus （CHD-DM）. Methods： One hundred and twenty patients with CHD-DM, their diagnosis confirmed by coronary arteriography, were equally randomized into a control group treated with conventional treatment and a treated group treated with conventional treatment plus SMI. The changes in blood levels of nitric oxide （NO）, endothelin-1 （ET-1） and angiotensin Ⅱ （Ang Ⅱ）, as well as endothelium-dependent vascular dilating function and heart function in the patients were observed before treatment and after the 3-week treatment. Results： After being treated with SMI for 3 weeks, in the treated group, blood level of NO was raised significantly from 69.8±33.1 μmol/L to 120.1±50.8μmol/L, and ET-1 was lowered from 70.1±32.1 ng/L to 46.2±21.3 ng/L, respectively （P〈0.01）; that of Ang Ⅱ was lowered from 81.3±24.3 ng/L to 50.2±27.3 ng/L （P〈0.01）; brachial arterial post-congestion blood flow increasing rate was raised from 389.4±26.3% to 459.3±27.8% （P〈0.01）; and the improvement in heart function as seen through the ejection fraction （EF） was increased from 44±5% to 68±6% （P〈0.01）, all the changes being more significant than those in the control group （all P〈0.01）. Conclusion： SMI can improve not only the endothelial function in CHD-DM patients, but also heart contraction significantly.

Effect of pravastatin on endothelial dysfunction in children with medium to giant coronary aneurysms due to Kawasaki disease

Background:Ongoing low-grade inflammation and endothelial dysfunction persist in children with coronary lesions diagnosed with Kawasaki disease(KD).Statins,frequently used in the management of high cholesterol,have also shown to improve surrogate markers of infl ammation and endothelial dysfunction.This study was undertaken to investigate the effi cacy and safety of pravastatin in children with coronary artery aneurysms due to KD.Methods:The study enrolled 14 healthy children and 13 male children,aged 2-10 years,with medium-to-giant coronary aneurysms for at least 12 months after the onset of KD.Pravastatin was given orally to the KD group at a dose of 5 mg/day for children under 5 and 10 mg/day for children older than 5 years.To determine the effects of pravastatin on endothelial function,high-frequency ultrasound was performed before the start of the study and 6 months after pravastatin therapy.The parameters measured were brachial artery flow-mediated dilation(FMD),non-flow mediated dilation(NMD),and carotid artery stiffness index(SI).High sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)levels,the circulating endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs)number,and serum lipid profiles were also determined at baseline and after 6 months of pravastatin treatment.Results:Before treatment,the KD group had significantly decreased FMD(P<0.05)and increased SI and hs-CRP levels(P<0.05)compared with controls.After 6 months of pravastatin therapy,FMD improved significantly compared to the baseline KD group(3.16±6.49 to 10.05±7.74,P<0.05),but remained significantly less than that in the control group with no signifi cant changes in NMD and SI.There were signifi cant decreases in markers of inflammation after treatment.The hs-CRP levels decreased signifi cantly from 2.93±0.81 mmol/L to 2.14±0.82 mmol/L(P<0.05)and the serum apo-B and apo-B/apo-A1 ratio were also reduced(P<0.05)in the KD group.However,the circulating EPC number was not signifi cantly different between baseline and that following pravastatin treatment in the KD group and the control group(P>0.05).No signifi cant complications were noted with paravastatin therapy.Conclusions:Pravastatin improves endothelial function and reduces low-grade chronic infl ammation in patients with coronary aneurysms due to KD.Children with coronary aneurysms due to KD may benefit from statin therapy.

Proliferation, migration and apoptosis activities of endothelial progenitor cells in acute coronary syndrome

Background There are numerous articles on the endothelial progenitor cells （EPCs） in different disease conditions. However, the functional properties of EPCs in acute coronary syndrome （ACS） are still uncertain. Here we aimed to study the number and functions of EPCs in ACS patients. Methods Patients were enrolled with admitted ACS （n=25） and another 25 gender-, age-, atherosclerotic risk factors-matched stable coronary artery disease （CAD） controls. EPCs were defined as CD34＋/CD133＋/VEGFR-2＋ and quantified by flow cytometry. Moreover, functional properties of EPCs including colony-forming unit （CFU）, proliferation, migration as well as apoptosis were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） was detected in all patients as well. Results The two groups had similar medication and clinical characteristics on admission. The EPCs in ACS patients were more than 2.6 times that in stable CAD subjects （15.6±2.7 vs. 6.0±0.8 /100 000 events, P 〈0.01）. CFU was not statistically different between the two groups （10.8±2.9 vs. 8.2±1.8, number/well, P 〉0.05）. Furthermore, EPCs isolated from ACS patients were significantly impaired in their proliferation （0.498±0.035 vs. 0.895±0.067, OD value, P〈0.01） and migration capacity （20.5±3.4 vs. 30.7±4.3, number/well, P 〈0.01） compared with controls. Moreover, the apoptosis cell in cultured EPCs was drastically increased in ACS group （（18.3±2.. 1 ）% vs. （7.8±0.4）%, P 〈0.01）. Conclusions Patients with ACS exhibited apparently increased circulating EPCs as well as cultured apoptosis percentage together with a remarkable impairment of proliferation and migration activities compared with stable CAD subjects.

Coronary microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus:A review

The exploration of coronary microcirculatory dysfunction in diabetes has accelerated in recent years.Cardiac function is compromised in diabetes.Diabetic patients manifest accelerated atherosclerosis in coronary arteries.These data are confirmed in diabetic animal mod-els,where lesions of small coronary arteries have been described.These concepts are epitomized in the classic microvascular complications of diabetes,i.e.blindness,kidney failure and distal dry gangrene.Most importantly,accumulating data indicate that insights gained from the link between inflammation and diabetes can yield predictive and prognostic information of considerable clinical utility.This review summarizes the evidence for the predisposing factors and the mechanisms involved in diabetes,and assesses the current state of knowledge regarding the triggers for inflammation in this disease.We evaluate the roles of hyperglycemia,oxidative stress,polyol pathway,protein kinase C,advanced glycation end products,insulin resistance,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ,inflammation,and diabetic cardiomyopathy as a "stem cell disease".Furthermore,we discuss the mechanisms responsible for impaired coronary arteriole function.Finally,we consider how new insights in diabetes may provide innovative therapeutic strategies.

益气养阴化瘀汤对冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者心功能和血管内皮功能的影响

目的观察益气养阴化瘀汤对冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者心功能及血管内皮功能的影响。方法将62例冠心病PCI术后患者按照随机数字表法分为2组。对照组31例予常规抗血小板聚集、稳定斑块等药物治疗,治疗组31例在对照组治疗基础上加用益气养阴化瘀汤治疗,均治疗4周。比较2组治疗前后中医症状评分、血管内皮功能[血清一氧化氮(NO)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、内皮素-1(ET-1)]、心功能[心脏每搏输出量(SV)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)及左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)]、血液流变学指标[全血黏度(CP)、血浆黏度(PV)、红细胞比容(Hct)及红细胞聚集指数(AI)]变化,并比较2组心绞痛疗效和不良事件发生率。结果治疗后,2组中医症状胸闷疼痛、心悸盗汗、五心烦热及失眠多梦评分及总分均较本组治疗前下降(P<0.05),且治疗组均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组NO及VEGF水平均较本组治疗前上升(P<0.05),且治疗组高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,2组ET-1水平均较本组治疗前下降(P<0.05),且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组LVEF及SV均较本组治疗前上升(P<0.05),且治疗组高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,2组LVEDD、LVESD及LVESV均较本组治疗前下降(P<0.05),且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组CP、PV、Hct及AI水平均较本组治疗前下降(P<0.05),且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组心绞痛疗效总有效率为87.10%(27/31),不良事件发生率6.45%(2/31),对照组分别为64.52%(20/31)、16.13%(5/31),治疗组心绞痛疗效总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05),2组不良事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论益气养阴化瘀汤可有效改善冠心病PCI术后患者心功能和血管内皮功能,且未增加不良事件发生。

阿司匹林联合替格瑞洛治疗冠心病不稳定型心绞痛的疗效及对患者心室重塑、氧化应激的影响

目的 观察阿司匹林联合替格瑞洛治疗冠心病不稳定心绞痛的疗效,并评估其对患者心室重塑、氧化应激等指标的影响。方法 选取2021年10月至2023年10月期间新乡市中心医院收治的186例冠心病不稳定心绞痛患者纳入研究,采用随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,每组93例。对照组患者采用阿司匹林联合氢氯吡格雷片治疗,观察组患者采用阿司匹林联合替格瑞洛治疗,均连续治疗3个月。比较两组患者的临床疗效,以及治疗前后的心室重塑[基质金属蛋白酶-9 (MMP-9)、半乳凝素-3 (Gal-3)]、血管内皮功能[血清细胞间黏附分子-1 (ICAM-1)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、内皮素-1 (ET-1)、血流介导舒张功能(FMD)水平]和氧化应激[一氧化氮(NO)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)]水平。结果 观察组患者的治疗总有效率为96.77%,明显高于对照组的86.02%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗后的MMP-9水平为(141.28±19.33)μg/L,明显低于对照组的(164.72±19.86)μg/L,而Gal-3水平为(6.87±0.92) ng/mL,明显高于对照组的(5.36±0.84) ng/mL,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗后的ICAM-1、AngⅡ和ET-1水平分别为(56.87±9.70) pg/mL、(0.70±0.14) ng/mL和(43.15±5.83) pg/mL,明显低于对照组的(81.35±10.31) pg/mL、(0.96±0.15) ng/mL和(52.37±6.37) pg/mL,而FMD水平为(14.82±1.93)%,明显高于对照组的(11.27±2.33)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗后的NO、SOD水平分别为(77.95±9.60) mol/L、(112.69±11.47) U/L,明显高于对照组的(62.49±9.37) mol/L、(107.34±10.63) U/L,而MDA水平为(12.45±2.26) mmol/L,明显低于对照组的(15.38±2.35) mmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 阿司匹林联合替格瑞洛治疗不稳定型冠心病疗效确切,且能促进患者的心室重塑、改善血管内皮功能及氧化应激指标。

麝香保心丸联合普罗布考对老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者血脂代谢及血管内皮功能的影响

目的分析麝香保心丸联合普罗布考对老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者血脂代谢及血管内皮功能的影响。方法前瞻性选取北京市朝阳区双桥医院2021年1月至2022年10月收治的老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者102例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组各51例,对照组采用常规疗法+普罗布考治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用麝香保心丸治疗。治疗3个月后,统计分析两组临床疗效、血脂代谢指标[总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白(Apo)A1和ApoB]、血管内皮功能指标(内皮素-1、血栓素B2、一氧化氮)、心功能指标[左室收缩末内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)和左室质量指数(LVMI)]、血糖指标[空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(GHb)及餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)]水平。结果观察组临床总有效率为94.12%,高于对照组(78.43%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3个月后,观察组的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、LDL-C及ApoB水平分别为(5.15±0.88)mmol/L、(1.71±0.23)mmol/L、(3.33±0.71)mmol/L、(0.81±0.17)g/L,均低于对照组[(5.86±0.91)mmol/L、(2.13±0.26)mmol/L、(3.97±0.85)mmol/L、(1.08±0.18)g/L],HDL-C和ApoA1水平分别为(1.18±0.25)mmol/L、(1.44±0.25)g/L,均高于对照组[(0.96±0.22)mmol/L、(1.21±0.22)g/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3个月后,观察组的内皮素-1及血栓素B2水平分别为(58.31±4.13)、(163.11±10.06)ng/L,均低于对照组[(62.11±4.41)、(179.31±11.11)ng/L],一氧化氮水平为(71.22±6.55)μmol/L,高于对照组[(67.58±5.61)μmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3个月后,观察组的LVESD及LVMI分别为(35.13±2.23)mm、(109.85±11.29)g/m^(2),均低于对照组[(38.42±2.47)mm、(121.31±12.84)g/m^(2)],LVEDD、LVEF分别为(55.84±4.36)mm、(60.05±6.14)%,均高于对照组[(51.21±4.43)mm、(55.25±5.38)%],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3个月后,观察组的FBG、GHb及2 h PBG水平分别为(6.41±1.01)mmol/L、(5.37±0.74)%、(8.20±1.34)mmol/L,均低于对照组[(7.31±1.04)mmol/L、(6.12±0.57)%、(9.68±1.22)mmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论麝香保心丸联合普罗布考可有效改善老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者血脂代谢、血管内皮功能、心功能、血糖水平,临床综合疗效显著,值得临床予以推广应用。

舒血宁注射液联合西药治疗老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛临床研究

目的:观察舒血宁注射液联合西药治疗老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛心血瘀阻证的临床疗效,以及对血管内皮功能的影响。方法:选取108例老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛心血瘀阻证患者,按随机数字表法分为舒血宁组和对照组各54例,其中舒血宁组剔除1例,对照组剔除3例,最终纳入研究舒血宁组53例、对照组51例。对照组给予西药治疗,舒血宁组在对照组基础上给予舒血宁注射液治疗。2组均治疗2个月。比较2组临床疗效、心绞痛发作次数、心绞痛发作持续时间、心肌酶[血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)]水平及血管内皮功能指标[血清内皮素(ET)、一氧化氮(NO)]水平,记录不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,经秩和检验,舒血宁组临床疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组心绞痛发作次数均较治疗前减少(P<0.05),心绞痛发作持续时间均较治疗前缩短(P<0.05);舒血宁组心绞痛发作次数少于对照组(P<0.05),心绞痛发作持续时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血清LDH、CK-MB、CK水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),舒血宁组血清LDH、CK-MB、CK水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血清ET水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),血清NO水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05);舒血宁组血清ET水平低于对照组(P<0.05),血清NO水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗期间,舒血宁组不良反应发生率5.66%,对照组不良反应发生率7.84%,2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在西药基础上联合舒血宁注射液治疗老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛心血瘀阻证可提高临床疗效,减轻患者的临床症状,改善心肌损伤。

益气化痰通络方联合药物涂层球囊治疗气虚痰瘀阻络型冠心病的临床疗效研究

【目的】探究益气化痰通络方(由五爪龙、三七、法半夏、茯苓、荷叶、甘草等组成)联合药物涂层球囊(drug coated balloon,DCB)治疗冠心病的安全性、临床疗效及对低剪切力相关血清学指标的影响。【方法】将106例拟行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的气虚痰瘀阻络型冠心病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各53例。对照组给予药物洗脱支架植入,治疗组给予药物涂层球囊治疗,并于术后口服益气化痰通络方12周。观察2组患者治疗前后低剪切力相关血清学指标血清单核细胞趋化因子1(MCP-1)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平的变化情况,并比较2组患者的中医证候疗效及术后1年不良事件发生率。【结果】(1)中医证候疗效方面:治疗12周后,治疗组的总有效率为88.68%(47/53),对照组为75.47%(40/53),组间比较(χ^(2)检验),治疗组的中医证候疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)血流低剪切力内皮功能障碍相关指标方面:治疗后,对照组的血清MCP-1、IL-1β、VEGF水平均较治疗前无明显下降(P>0.05),而治疗组的血清MCP-1、IL-1β水平均较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05);组间比较,治疗组对血清MCP-1、IL-1β、VEGF水平的下降作用均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)不良事件总发生率方面:术后随访1年,治疗组的不良事件总发生率为18.87%(10/53),对照组为20.75%(11/53),组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】对于气虚痰瘀阻络型冠心病患者,益气化痰通络方联合DCB可有效作用于冠脉血流低剪切力内皮功能障碍相关靶点,有利于减轻炎症反应,改善心绞痛症状,提高临床疗效,且术后1年不良事件发生率未见增加,具有良好的安全性和有效性。

麝香保心丸联合增强型体外反搏治疗冠状动脉微血管疾病的疗效及对血管内皮功能的影响

目的:观察麝香保心丸联合增强型体外反搏治疗冠状动脉微血管疾病的临床疗效及对血管内皮功能的影响。方法:选取2022年3月—2022年12月在山东第一医科大学附属聊城市第二人民医院就诊的冠状动脉微血管疾病病人78例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组39例。对照组采用常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用麝香保心丸及增强型体外反搏治疗。观察两组治疗前后中医证候评分变化、血管内皮功能[一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、血清血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)]、心肌断层显像变化,比较两组临床疗效。结果:治疗后,观察组中医证候评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组临床疗效总有效率为87.18%,高于对照组的64.10%(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后血清ET-1、AngⅡ水平低于对照组,血清NO水平高于对照组,左室放射性异常积分、靶心图缺损范围小于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:麝香保心丸联合增强型体外反搏治疗可改善冠状动脉微血管疾病病人临床症状,改善血管内皮功能,改善心肌供血不足,提高临床疗效。