Determination on Heavy Metals Content of Achyranthes bidentata Blume. through Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

[Objective] The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was constructed to determine the contents of lead,cadmium,mercury and arsenic in Archyranthes bidentata Blume.[Method]Under the optimum operation condition of ICP-MS,the samples were digested by microwave.The element 114In was taken as an internal standard element to compensate body effect and ICP-MS method was used to determine the contents of lead,cadmium,mercury and arsenic.[Result]For the determined elements,the correlation coefficient(r)of standard curve was over 0.9995 and recovery rate was from 96.7% to 106.4% while RSD was less than 11.2%.The result of determination showed that the heavy metal content in Archyranthes bidentata Blume.beyond standard was serious.[Conclusion]The constructed ICP-MS method with simple operation,rapid response,accuracy and high sensitivity in this experiment could be used for quality control of Chinese medicinal materials by detecting heavy metal contents in different Chinese medicinal materials from original places.

The determination of 52 elements in marine geological samples by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a high-pressure closed digestion method

An improved analytical method to determine the content of 52 major, minor and trace elements in marine geological samples, using a HF-HCl-HNO_3 acid system with a high-pressure closed digestion method（HPCD）, is studied by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry（ICP-OES） and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）. The operating parameters of the instruments are optimized, and the optimal analytical parameters are determined. The influences of optical spectrum and mass spectrum interferences, digestion methods and acid systems on the analytical results are investigated. The optimal spectral lines and isotopes are chosen, and internal standard element of rhodium is selected to compensate for matrix effects and analytical signals drifting. Compared with the methods of an electric heating plate digestion and a microwave digestion, a high-pressure closed digestion method is optimized with less acid, complete digestion,less damage for digestion process. The marine geological samples are dissolved completely by a HF-HCl-HNO_3 system, the relative error（RE） for the analytical results are all less than 6.0%. The method detection limits are 2–40μg/g by the ICP-OES, and 6–80 ng/g by ICP-MS. The methods are used to determine the marine sediment reference materials（GBW07309, GBW07311, GBW07313）, rock reference materials（GBW07103, GBW07104,GBW07105）, and cobalt-rich crust reference materials（GBW07337, GBW07338, GBW07339）, the obtained analytical results are in agreement with the certified values, and both of the relative standard deviation（RSD） and the relative error（RE） are less than 6.0%. The analytical method meets the requirements for determining 52 elements contents of bulk marine geological samples.

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and its application in life sciences

Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has made much progress since its birth in the late 1990s. This paper will give a rather systematic overview on the use of this technique in new devices and technologies related to plasma source, sample-introducing device and detecting spectrometer etc. In this overview, an emphasis will be put on the evaluation of the ICP- MS technique in combination with a series of physical, chemical and biological techniques, such as laser ablation (LA), capillary electrophoresis (CE) and high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC), along with their representative high accuracy and high sensitivity. Finally, comprehensive and fruitful applications of the ICP-MS and its combinative techniques in the detection of trace metallic elements and isotopes in complex biological and environmental samples will be revealed.

Determination of trace multi-elements in coal fly ash by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

The contents of Cr, Cu, Ni, As, Cd and Pb in coal fly ash were determined by a high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. The sample digestions were performed in closed microwave vessels with HNO3, HClO4 and FIE The optimum conditions for the determination were obtained. The applicability of the proposed method was validated by the analysis of coal fly ash reference material （NIST SRM 1633a）. The results show that most of the spectral interferences can be avoided by measuring in the high resolution mode （maximum mass resolution R=9 000）. The detection limit is from 0.05 to 0.21 μg/g, and the precision is fine with relative standard deviation less than 4.3%.

Direct Determination of Trace Impurities in High Purity Zinc Oxide by High Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The determination of trace impurities in high purity zinc oxide by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ HR-ICP-MS ） was investigated. To overcome some poteutially problematic spectral iuterference, measurements were acquired in both middle and high resolution modes. The matrix effects due to the presence of excess HCl and zinc were evaluated. The optimum conditions for the determination were tested and discussed. The standard addition method was employed for quantitative analysis. The detection limits ranged from 0.02μg/ g to 6 μg/ g depending on the elements. The experimental resalts for the determination of Na, Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Cd, Sb and Pb in several high purity zinc oxide powders were presented.

Determination of impurity elements in MnZn ferrites by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) method was developed for the determination of Na, Mg, Al,K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Ga, As, Mo, Ag, Cd and Pb in MnZn ferrites. The sample was digested by HNO3+HCl with microwave digestion followed by dilution with ultrapure water, then the above 16 impurity elements in the solution were analyzed directly by ICP-MS. The impurity elements were introduced by the helium gas or hydrogen gas into the octopole reaction system(ORS) to eliminate the polyatomic interferences caused by the high salty matrixes. The matrix effect was minimized through matrix matching,and Be, Y and Rh were used as internal standard elements. The working parameters of the instrument were optimized. The results show that the method has good precision and high accuracy. The detection limits for the investigated elements are in the range of0.9-37.5 ng/L, the relative standard deviation of each element is within 1.1%-4.8%, and the recovery of each element is 90%-108%.

Uncertainty Evaluation of Simultaneous Determination of Lead, Cadmium and Arsenic in Cosmetics by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

This study aimed to evaluate the uncertainty of simultaneous determination of lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd)and arsenic(As)in cosmetics by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)with ^72Ge,^115In and ^209Bi as internal standards.According to the method of Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics(2015),a mathematical model was established to evaluate the sources and components of uncertainty for the determination of lead,cadmium and arsenic in cosmetics.The results showed that the uncertainties in the determination of lead,cadmium,and arsenic elements in cosmetics were(10.1±0.6)mg/kg,k=2,(4.84±0.28)mg/kg,k=2,(2.04±0.18)mg/kg,k=2,respectively.The main factors that affect the uncertainty of determination results were standard substance,calibration curve,recovery and measurement repeatability.

Determination of Palladium II in 5% Pd/BaSO₄by ICP-MS with Microwave Digestion, and UV-VIS Spectrophotometer

Determination palladiums have been reported 5% (w/w) Pd/BaSO4 known as Rosenmund Catalyst. The determination of palladium II known as Rosenmund Catalyst is always an expensive procedure usually involving procedures such as flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, emission spectrometry, and many spectrophotometric methods. In this study, palladium II in 5% Pd/BaSO4, was synthesized and employed to develop an extractive UV-Visible Spectrophotometric, and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ICP/MS methods for the determination of palladium II. Specification for Pd is 4.85% to 5.10%;the result was 4.97% for the UV-Visible spectrophotometer and 4.90% for the ICP/MS. Both results meet the requirements.

全自动石墨消解-ICP-MS法测定土壤中16种金属元素

建立全自动石墨消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法同时测定土壤中16种金属元素(Li、Be、V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Mo、Cd、Ba、Tl、Pb、Th、U)含量的方法。采用HCl-HNO3-HF-HCl O4消解液对土壤样品进行全自动消解,通过优化ICP-MS仪器参数,选择Rh和Re作为内标元素及碰撞池模式消除干扰,测定土壤中16种金属元素。结果表明,16种金属元素均呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999,检出限在0.002~7.18mg·kg^(-1)之间;使用HCl-HNO3-HF-HCl O4的全自动石墨消解方法,样品消解效果良好,对有证土壤成分分析标准物质GBW 07404(GSS4)和GBW 07405(GSS5)的测定值与标准值相符,相对标准偏差为0.72%~5.20%,相对误差为0.27%~8.33%;按所建立的实验方法对实际样品测定并进行加标回收实验,加标回收率在94.7%~101.2%之间。该方法精密度与准确度高,测试结果稳定,自动化程度高,满足对土壤中金属元素的分析测定要求。

动能歧视(KED)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定贵州沉积型稀土矿中16种稀土元素

贵州沉积型稀土矿主要含有高岭土-锐钛矿石等矿物,存在高含量Si、Al、Fe、Ti、Zr等难溶基体元素,采用高压密闭微波消解法处理难以将其完全溶解,易使测定结果偏低,需再次消解或进一步电热板敞开酸溶处理,方法耗时长,不利于大批量样品检测需求。同时电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法在测定稀土元素时存在基体和质谱干扰,影响了检测数据的准确性。采用过氧化钠熔融分解样品,熔融物冷却后引入三乙醇胺溶液,在碱性溶液中,大量基体元素与三乙醇胺形成稳定配合物,并与大量溶剂钠盐存于溶液中,稀土元素与Ca、Mg、Sr、Ba等留存于沉淀,经过滤,实现稀土元素与大量基体元素分离,随后沉淀用硝酸(1+1)复溶,并以^(103)Rh和^(185)Re为在线注入内标协同降低基体干扰;启用动能歧视(KED)模式以降低测定过程中潜在的质谱干扰。实验结果表明:高压密闭微波消解法消解液浑浊有残渣,溶矿耗时长,测试结果偏低,碱熔法酸化后溶液清亮透明,稀土元素测定值准确性高;采用10%三乙醇胺溶液提取能较大地降低基体干扰;启用KED模式可降低测定过程中的质谱干扰,且准确度优于STD模式;碱熔法检出限为0.008~0.049μg/g,测定下限为0.034~0.2μg/g,相对标准偏差RSD在0.78%~10.2%,相对误差RE在0.022%~13.5%。经实际样品验证,碱熔法较适用于贵州沉积性稀土矿中16种稀土元素的测定。

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定茶叶中的砷、镉、铜、铅

茶叶作为一种经济作物,在世界饮料市场上占有非常重要的地位。茶叶中的重金属影响着茶叶爱好者的身体健康,如何快速准确地检测茶叶中的重金属,对控制茶叶质量安全、维护人体健康有着非常重要的意义。通过使用HNO_(3)-H_(2) O_(2)消解体系进行样品前处理,有效地消除茶叶中的有机质;通过检测时在线加入内标^(103)Rh减少非质谱干扰;使用碰撞模式减少质谱干扰,选择^(75)As、^(111)Cd、^(63)Cu、^(208)Pb作为测定对象,并分别在标准模式(No Gas)和氦气流量为4、6、8 mL/min的碰撞模式下对标准物质茶叶GSB-7a和柑橘叶GSB-11进行检测,选择仪器最佳的工作状态,建立了利用微波消解进行样品前处理,电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定茶叶中As、Cd、Cu、Pb的方法。对实验方法进行准确度和精密度验证。结果表明,在氦气流量为6 mL/min的碰撞模式下,标准物质GSB-7a和GSB-11中待测元素测定值均与证书参考值一致,仪器处于最优的工作状态;各待测元素标准曲线线性相关系数均大于0.999,检出限为0.001~0.02 mg/kg,加标回收率为87.0%~110%,相对标准偏差RSD为1.7%~3.8%(n=6)。方法的线性范围宽、检出限低、准确度和精密度良好,适用于茶叶样品中As、Cd、Cu、Pb等重金属元素的定量分析。

基于快速消解的海洋沉积物重金属ICP-MS测定条件优化

准确测定海洋沉积物中重金属元素的含量,是开展海洋生态环境评价与管理的基础。比较研究了当前生态环境监测领域几种主要的检测标准方法和近年热门的土壤快速消解法对海洋沉积物中重金属的检测效果。通过研究不同消解体系、消解压力、校准溶液配制方法以及内标元素、内标浓度等条件对海洋沉积物重金属测定效果的影响,优化了海洋沉积物样品的快速消解过程和测定条件。结果表明:优化后的快速消解方法针对Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb的方法检出限为0.004~0.8 mg/kg,测定下限为0.016~3.2 mg/kg,回收率为95.4%~109.2%,相对标准偏差为0%~3.22%,方法准确可靠、快速高效,满足海洋沉积物样品(尤其是大批量样品)的重金属测试需求。

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法同时测定水系沉积物中痕量铅和砷

为准确测定沉积物中痕量铅和砷的含量,比较不同消解方式与不同混合酸体系对沉积物中铅和砷元素的提取效果,并探讨内标法和标准加入法对质控结果的影响,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定,建立了电热板消解/ICP-MS标准加入法同时测定水系沉积物中铅和砷元素含量的方法。通过分析经认证的标准参考样(GSD-9)来评价方法的准确度。结果显示:采用HCl-HNO_(3)-HF-HClO_(4)体系电热板消解,具有较高的消解回收率;标准加入法可有效清除基质干扰,提高准确度;方法线性关系良好;铅和砷元素的回收率在93.9%~104%,相对标准偏差为4.2%~5.0%(n=6),检出限分别为0.026 mg/kg和0.004 mg/kg。方法的准确度和精密度良好、灵敏度高。为环境中土壤及水系沉积物中痕量重金属元素含量的测定提供了参考分析方法。

微波灰化-高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定茶叶中的铬酸铅

为了准确测定茶叶中铬酸铅的含量,为市场监管提供判断依据,茶叶样品经微波灰化仪在500℃的条件下灰化50 min后,用0.25 mol/L的NaOH和0.14 mol/L的Na_(2)CO_(3)混合碱性提取液在90~95℃下不间断搅拌提取10 min,提取液经色谱柱分离后,用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定^(52)Cr,建立了微波灰化-高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定茶叶中铬酸铅的方法。研究表明,方法在5.00~500μg/L线性良好,相关系数为0.9998,方法检出限低至2.5 mg/kg,三水平加标回收率为91.3%~95.3%,精密度在1.1%~2.0%。与电炉灼烧茶叶相比,微波灰化具有检出限低、精密度高、准确度良好等特性,能够满足茶叶中铬酸铅的测定。

两种消解方法对ICP-MS测定大米中铅、镉、铬、镍元素影响的研究

目的:测定大米中铅、镉、铬及镍元素的含量。方法:分别采用微波消解法和湿法快速消解法对样品进行消解处理,分析两种消解法的消解效果和对检测结果产生的影响。结果:微波和湿法快速消解两种方法测定值相近,铅、镉、铬和镍检出限分别为0.02 mg·kg^(-1)、0.002 mg·kg^(-1)、0.004 mg·kg^(-1)和0.003 mg·kg^(-1),回收率为96.36%~104.00%,相对标准偏差为4.57%~6.08%,两种方法对大米铅、镉、铬和镍元素的测定值均在标准范围内,且测定值无明显差异。结论:测定大米中铅、镉、铬及镍元素时,微波消解和湿法快速消解均可以作为电感耦合等离子体-质谱法的预处理方法。

ICP-MS测定川滇黔相邻区高岭石黏土岩矿物中伴生关键三稀元素的前处理方法研究

在川滇黔相邻区峨眉山玄武岩顶部与宣威组底部之间发育一套厚度较为稳定的风化壳,主要为高岭石黏土岩,富集有三稀元素。为弄清其品位及含量,本文采用XRD衍射分析、XRF分析主次量元素,选用几种熔矿前处理进行对比,试液用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)测定。实验结果表明:①试样矿物组成主要为高岭石、锐钛矿、伊利石、钛铁矿、板钛矿等,其中高岭石占比62.3%~89.85%,锐钛矿占比2.50%~11.8%,伊利石占比1.8%~18.0%,钛铁矿占比0.10%~1.00%,板钛矿占比0.70%~7.00%,其主量元素主要为Si、Al、Fe、Ti。②微波消解法较适用于Sc的消解处理,但对于Nb和Zr元素,数据偏低,其余差异性不显著。③碱熔-沉淀分离法较适用于难溶矿物分解,不仅打开矿物晶格,且在沉淀剂或络合剂的作用下,实现纯化试液目的,有效降低基体干扰,提高数据准确性,较适用于Pr、Nd、Tb、Dy、Nb、Zr元素的方法前处理;④碱熔-熔融物酸化法适用于Ga的熔矿前处理,在KED模式下,有效降低背景干扰,提高了准确性。体系方法检出限介于0.011~1.66μg/g之间,测定下限介于0.044~6.65μg/g之间,RSD介于2.06%~11.1%之间,RE介于0.99%~9.90%之间。经实际样品验证,方法较适用于该地区试样中关键三稀元素的测定。

ICP-MS测定辅助生殖培养用油中的16种金属元素

建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定辅助生殖培养用油中16种微量金属元素(铅、砷、镉、铬、汞、铜、钴、钒、镍、银、铂、锂、锑、钼、锡、钯)的分析方法。辅助生殖培养用油经微波消解,用铋、锗、铟、钪、镥等五元素作为内标元素,采用ICP-MS进行定量分析。结果显示,该方法测定16种微量金属元素的检出限低,定量限在0.04~8.68μg/kg,线性相关系数在0.998~0.999,各元素的加标回收率在86.2%~103.7%,相对标准偏差在1.0%~7.4%。该方法具有快速、简便、准确度高、重复性好、灵敏度高等特点,能够同时对辅助生殖用油中的16种微量金属元素作快速检测。

基于不同前处理方式ICP-MS法测定土壤中22种金属元素

建立了以四酸(HNO_(3)-HCl-HF-HClO_(4))消解体系,微波消解和电热板消解两种前处理方式的ICP-MS测定土壤中Ag、As、Ba、Be、Bi、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Li、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Sb、Sn、Sr、Th、Tl、U、V和Zn等22种金属元素含量的方法。两种前处理方式22种金属元素方法检出限范围分别为0.01~3.0 mg/kg和0.01~2.0 mg/kg,测定下限范围分别为0.04~12.0 mg/kg和0.04~8.0 mg/kg;校准曲线在0~500μg/L浓度范围内,线性相关系数(r)范围为0.9992~0.9999,校准曲线中间点浓度测定偏差范围为-6.3%~9.1%;不同土壤类型样品平行测定的实验室内相对标准偏差(RSD)范围分别为0.3%~19.9%和0.3%~18.4%;不同浓度梯度标准物质测定的实验室内相对误差(RE)范围分别为-18.5%~15.8%和-20.6%~11.9%。方法特性指标满足相关质量保证和质量控制要求,能够实现快速定性、准确定量检测土壤中22种金属元素,为批量分析测试土壤中多种金属元素提供了方法技术支撑,具有广阔的应用前景。

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定黑土地地表基质调查样品中碘

碘是活跃元素,价态多,各价态间易相互转化,使其具有熔点低、易挥发,严重记忆效应的独特性质,其分析一直是个挑战。传统方法如半熔法、高压密闭法等存在操作难度大、消解时间长、工作效率低等问题。通过采用硝酸-氢氟酸微波消解处理样品,并利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定碘含量,克服了传统碘分析方法的一系列问题。研究了不同酸体系和赶酸时间对样品分解效率和挥发损失的影响,同时验证了不同冲洗液对降低碘记忆效应的效果。在此基础上,确定了最佳反应条件为7 mL硝酸+1 mL氢氟酸混合酸比例,180℃赶酸控温程序,并采用2%NH_(3)·H_(2)O充当冲洗液,降低了ICP-MS测定过程中的记忆效应,提高测试的稳定性。为验证该使用国家一级标准物质对方法的准确性和精密度进行验证,结果表明,方法的准确度(Δlgc)为0.001~0.004,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.2%~3.4%,相关系数为0.9998,检出限为0.17 mg/kg,定量限为0.54 mg/kg,表现出较好的准确度和精密度,满足规范要求。通过实际样品测试,进一步验证了方法的可行性,实验结果表明,相对偏差在1.6%~4.1%。方法操作方便、试剂用量少、工作效率高,适用于测定黑土地地表基质调查样品,同时也为碘的快速、准确分析提供了一种可行的解决方案。

微波消解-ICP-MS法同时测定生姜、韭菜中的铅、镉元素含量

目的:用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定生姜、韭菜中铅、镉元素的含量。方法:经过硬件调谐和方法调谐后将仪器参数设置到最优状态,样品经过微波消解仪消解、定容后通过在线加内标的方式引入仪器直接测定。结果:测得铅、镉元素标准曲线线性回归方程相关系数>0.9995,铅、镉元素的空白检出限均符合国家标准要求,样品7次重复测定结果的相对标准偏差<2.0%,加标回收率在94.1%~109.4%,用胡萝卜粉和大米粉生物成分分析标准物质做盲样质控,测得值均符合不确定度要求。结论:此方法拥有低检出限、高灵敏度、高准确率、高检测效率的优点,对提高生姜、韭菜中铅、镉污染物的监督抽检和风险排查能力具有现实意义。