Design,delivery and efficacy testing of therapeutic nucleic acids used to inhibit hepatitis C virus gene expression in vitro and in vivo

Despite major achievements in the treatment ofchronic hepatitis C with the combination ofinterferons and the nucleoside analog ribavirin themajority of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection cannot be treated effectively.Toimprove this response rate we used antisensetechnologies to inhibit HCV translation as possibleadditional option for experimental treatment.Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides(ODN) are

Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of <i>Aloe vera</i>: A Review

The plant Aloe vera is used in Ayurvedic, Homoeopathic and Allopathic streams of medicine, and not only tribal community but also most of the people for food and medicine. The plant leaves contains numerous vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, natural sugars and other bioactive compounds with emollient, purgative, anti-microbial, anti inflammatory, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, anti-helmenthic, antifungal, antiseptic and cosmetic values for health care. This plant has potential to cure sunburns, burns and minor cuts, and even skin cancer. The external use in cosmetic primarily acts as skin healer and prevents injury of epithelial tissues, cures acne and gives a youthful glow to skin, also acts as extremely powerful laxative.

Continuous Wear of Hydrogel Contact Lenses for Therapeutic Use

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and complications of continuous wear of etafilcon A for therapeutic use. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 228 eyes of 219 outpatients prescribed contact lens (CL) for one week of continuous therapeutic wear during 10 years. The reason for prescription of CLs, the primary disease, the duration of CL wear and the complications were assessed retrospectively. Results: The predominant reason for prescription of CLs was relief of pain or a foreign-body sensation (62.3%) and protection of the corneal epithelium (20.6%). The primary disease was post-penetrating keratoplasty (36.8%), followed by corneal epithelial erosion (14.5%), post-lamellar keratoplasty (14.0%) and bullous keratopathy (12.2%). The average duration of wearing single lens was 6.5 ± 3.2 days. The average duration of wearing CLs in total was 9.2 ± 10.7 months. The most frequent problem associated with continuous wear of CLs was their dropping out of CLs (12.3%). The complications associated with CLs included conjunctivitis with papillary hyperplasia, corneal erosion and superficial punctate keratitis, but corneal ulcer and corneal infiltrates were not found. Conclusion: Serious complications were not shown changing the lenses every week to keep to the prescribed time limit for continuous therapeutic wear, even if corneal epithelial barrier function is impaired.

Comparison of long-lasting therapeutic effects between succimer and penicillamine on hepatolenticular degeneration

AIM To compare the long term effect of succimer (Suc) with that of penicillamine (Pen) in treating hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD). METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with HLD were divided into 2 groups. Group A ( n =60) received Suc 750mg , po. bid. Group B ( n =60) received Pen 250mg , po. qid. The period of maintenance treatment varied from 6 months to 3 years, averaging 1 5 years. Symptoms and therapeutic effects were evaluated by modified Goldstein scale. RESULTS The total effectiveness of group A in two different periods of treatment were 80% and 85% respectively, higher than those of group B (58% and 59% respectively) ( P <0 05). Suc also had obvious curative effects for the patients who failed in the use of Pen. There were fewer side effect in group A than in group B ( P <0 05). Suc and Pen could increase urinary copper excretion effectively and continually. CONCLUSION Suc is more effective and safer than Pen. Clinically, it can replace Pen as first choice drug for long term maintenance therapy of HLD.

Functional dyspepsia of ulcer-dysmotility type:clinical incidence and therapeutic strategy

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Therapeutic role of template-based lymphadenectomy in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract

Lymphadenectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract has attracted the attention of physicians. The mapping study of lymphatic spread has shown that a relatively wide area should comprise the regional nodes for tumors of the right renal pelvis or the right upper two-thirds of the ureter. A prospective study showed that an anatomical templatebased lymphadenectomy significantly improved patient survival in tumors of the renal pelvis. This benefit was more evident for patients with p T2 stage tumors or higher. The risk of regional node recurrence is significant reduced by template-based lymphadenectomy,which is likely to be associated with improved patient survival. The removal of lymph node micrometastases is assumed to be the reason for therapeutic benefit following lymphadenectomy. The number of resected lymph nodes can be used to assess the quality of lymphadenectomy,but not to determine the extent of lymphadenectomy. The guidelines currently recommend lymphadenectomy for patients with muscle-invasive disease,even though the current recommendation grades are still low. The present limitation of lymphadenectomy is the lack of standardization of the extent of lymphadenectomy and the randomized trials. Further studies are warranted to collect the evidence to support lymphadenectomy.

Blastocystis hominis as a cause of chronic diarrhea in low-resource settings:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Blastocystis hominis(B.hominis),an anaerobic unicellular protist parasite,is known for its diverse clinical manifestations upon infecting the human gastrointestinal tract.Although globally distributed,it is particularly prevalent in developing nations.Examining the symptoms and treatment outcomes of B.hominis infection in low-resource settings holds immense significance,providing healthcare practi-tioners with valuable insights to enhance patient care.AIM To synthesize existing evidence on the symptomatology and treatment outcomes of B.hominis infection in low-resource settings.METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines,a systematic review was conducted.The search spanned electronic databases including PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar.After a comprehensive screening process,a thorough examination of the papers,adhering to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and data extraction from eligible studies was conducted.The findings underwent summarization through simple descriptive analysis.RESULTS The search yielded 1200 papers,with 17 meeting inclusion criteria.Chronic diarrhea due to B.hominis infection was reported in only two studies,while abdominal pain,diarrhea,flatulence,constipation,and nausea/vomiting emerged as the most commonly documented symptoms.Recovery rates after one week of treatment ranged from 71.8%to 100%,and after two weeks,from 60%to 100%.CONCLUSION In low-resource settings,chronic diarrhea resulting from B.hominis infection is infrequent.Common symptoms include abdominal pain,diarrhea,flatulence,constipation,and nausea/vomiting.Post-treatment,clinical outcomes are notably favorable,supporting the recommendation for treatment.Metronidazole is advocated as the first-line agent,with consideration for switching to a second-line option in cases of treatment failure or poor response.

Clinacanthus nutans:a review of the medicinal uses,pharmacology and phytochemistry

Clinacanthus nutans Lindau is known as snake grass belonging to the Acanlhaceae family.This plant has diverse and potential medicinal uses in traditional herbal medicine for treating skin rashes,insects and snake bites,lesions caused by herpes simplex virus,diabetes,and gout in Malaysia.Indonesia.Thailand and China.Phylochemieal investigations documented the varied contents of bioaclive compounds from litis plant namely flavonoids,glycosides,glycoglyeerolipids.cerebrosides and monoacylmonogalatosylglycerol.The pharmacological experiment proved that various types of extracts and pure compounds from this species exhibited a broad range of biological properties such as anti-inflammatory,antiviral,antioxidant,and anti-diabetic activities.The lindings of toxicity study showed that extracts from this plant did not show any toxicity thus it can be used as strong therapeutic agents for specific diseased conditions.However,further experiments on chemical components and their mode of action showing biological activities are required to elucidate the complete phytochemical profile and assess to confirm their suitability tor future drugs.This review summarizes the medicinal uses,phytochemistry and pharmacology of this plant in order to explore its therapeutic potential and gaps necessitating for prospected research work.

High-intensity focused ultrasound extracorporeal ablation of liver tissuesin rabbits

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微波治疗仪照射辅助治疗支气管肺炎的临床效果及对患儿症状消失时间的影响

目的:探究微波治疗仪照射辅助治疗支气管肺炎的临床效果及对患儿症状消失时间的影响。方法:选择2021年6月—2022年12月遵义市妇幼保健院收治的50例支气管肺炎患儿,按随机数字表法分为两组。对照组(n=25)给予常规治疗,观察组(n=25)给予常规治疗和微波治疗仪照射辅助治疗。对比两组症状和啰音消失时间、临床疗效、血清炎症因子水平和血常规指标。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组发热、喘息、咳嗽、啰音消失时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组超敏C反应蛋白水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组中性粒细胞、白细胞计数均低于对照组,淋巴细胞高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微波治疗仪照射辅助治疗支气管肺炎患儿的效果确切,有助于改善血常规指标,缓解炎症反应,有效促进临床症状缓解。

Controversies regarding transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have tantalized regenerative medicine with their therapeutic potential,yet a cloud of controversies looms over their clinical tran-splantation.This comprehensive review navigates the intricate landscape of MSC controversies,drawing upon 15 years of clinical experience and research.We delve into the fundamental properties of MSCs,exploring their unique immuno-modulatory capabilities and surface markers.The heart of our inquiry lies in the controversial applications of MSC transplantation,including the perennial debate between autologous and allogeneic sources,concerns about efficacy,and lingering safety apprehensions.Moreover,we unravel the enigmatic mechanisms surro-unding MSC transplantation,such as homing,integration,and the delicate balance between differentiation and paracrine effects.We also assess the current status of clinical trials and the ever-evolving regulatory landscape.As we peer into the future,we examine emerging trends,envisioning personalized medicine and innovative delivery methods.Our review provides a balanced and informed perspective on the controversies,offering readers a clear understanding of the complexities,challenges,and potential solutions in MSC transplantation.

超声引导下经皮微波消融联合无水酒精治疗原发性小肝癌患者的临床疗效

目的:探究超声引导下经皮微波消融(MWA)联合无水酒精治疗原发性小肝癌患者的临床疗效。方法:纳入收治的284例原发性小肝癌患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法的不同分为两组,其中对照组(n=181)患者采用超声引导下MWA治疗,观察组(n=103)患者采用超声引导下MWA联合无水酒精治疗,比较两组患者治疗后疗效、肝功能、并发症及预后情况。结果:观察组患者肿瘤完全消融率92.23%,高于对照组的72.38%(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前ALT、AST及TBil水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后1周ALT、AST及TBil水平均较治疗前上升(P<0.05),两组患者治疗后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月后ALT、AST及TBil水平与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者治疗期间发生的并发症包括肝区疼痛、肝周少量出血、胸腔积液以及发热,两组患者并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访时间截至2023年12月,观察组肿瘤完全消融的95例患者中复发6例,复发率为6.32%,观察组无进展生存时间(PFS)为(13.55±4.03)个月;对照组肿瘤完全消融的131例患者中复发15例,复发率为11.45%,对照组PFS为(12.69±3.39)个月,两组患者治疗后复发率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.722,P=0.189),Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示两组PFS差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.616,P=0.204)。结论:采用超声引导下经皮MWA联合无水酒精治疗原发性小肝癌患者可显著提升肿瘤完全消融率,且安全性高,可临床推广。

康复一体化护理联合微波治疗仪在双下肢烧伤植皮患者护理中的临床观察

目的探究微波治疗仪联合康复一体化护理在双下肢烧伤植皮患者护理中的临床应用。方法选取2023年2月至2024年4月陆军第七十三集团军医院收治的100例双下肢烧伤植皮患者,按治疗方法不同将其分为常规组、观察组,各50例,常规组行传统康复护理,观察组行微波治疗仪联合康复一体化护理,比较不同护理模式下患者炎症因子水平、瘢痕增生情况及疼痛程度的差异。结果两组患者护理前的炎症因子水平、疼痛评分及瘢痕评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理干预后,观察组患者的炎症因子水平、视觉模拟评分及温哥华瘢痕量表评分比常规组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用微波治疗仪联合康复一体化护理方案进行双下肢烧伤植皮患者的护理,可以有效降低炎症因子水平,缓解疼痛及瘢痕增生等情况。

USE OF CELL-BASED BIOASSAY FOR THE QUALITY CONTROL OF BOTANICAL THERAPEUTICS

The single most important factor in modernization efforts of traditional oriental medicines is the limited understanding of active compounds responsible for claimed therapeutic effects.Indeed,the unknown identity of biologically active molecules generates major difficulties associated with botanical therapeutics in general.This includes management of raw materials,poor understanding of

改进经皮微波凝固治疗大肝癌技术的研究

目的：改进微波肝组织凝固技术，为该技术在治疗大肝癌的应用奠定基础。方法：对离体牛肝采用不同的条件进行微波辐射，测量单点及两点辐射的组织温度和凝固范围，借助计算机模拟技术设计多点辐射方案并通过体外肝实验验证。临床上，对９个和４个施行单点和两点辐射的肝癌结节测温，对１６个３－６ ｃｍ的肝癌结节按多点辐射方案进行治疗。结果： ６０ Ｗ × ３００ ｓ的微波辐射可形成横径 ３． ０ ｃｍ的凝固区。两点辐射的最佳距离为２．５ｃｍ。７针穿刺可形成横切面直径７．１ｃｍ的球形凝固区。 １６个经治结节仅２个坏死不完全。结论：适当延长单点辐射的时间及使用合适的多点穿刺方案可使微波凝固治疗的适应证扩大至６ ｃｍ的肿瘤。

单纯经肝动脉化疗栓塞术及其联合微波消融治疗原发性大肝癌的疗效对比分析

目的回顾性分析经肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）联合微波治疗与单纯TACE治疗大肝癌的近期疗效及远期生存率。方法选取2011年2月-2014年5月在北京空军总医院接受治疗的不可切除原发性大肝癌（〉5 cm）患者67例,依据治疗方法分为TACE联合微波治疗组33例及单纯TACE组34例,术后1个月复查腹部增强CT或磁共振成像（MRI）、肝功能及甲胎蛋白（AFP）,共随访3～36个月,比较近期疗效、AFP水平及远期生存率。计量资料的比较采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验或Fisher检验。结果联合治疗组和单纯TACE组的完全消融率分别为18/33（54.5%）和7/34（20.6%）,有效率分别为32/33（97.0%）和22/34（64.7%）,差异均具有统计学意义（P值分别为0.004、0.001）;联合治疗组患者术后AFP显著下降,与治疗前及对照组治疗后相比,差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.001）;两组患者均有不同程度的肝功能损伤,如转氨酶升高,未发生出血、胃瘘、结肠瘘、胆道损伤、针道转移等重度并发症及相关死亡;联合治疗组与单纯TACE治疗组的中位生存时间分别为13和9个月,平均生存时间分别为（14.00±1.63）和（10.83±1.19）个月;联合治疗组1、2、3年生存率分别为63.6%、15.2%、4.5%,单纯TACE治疗组1、2、3年生存率分别为28.4%、5.9%、0,差异具有统计学意义（P=0.044）。结论与单纯TACE治疗相比,TACE联合微波消融对于肿瘤局部控制可取得更好的疗效,显著降低患者的AFP水平,延长患者生存期,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。

CDFI引导下经皮微波热凝固联合血管介入法治疗肝癌的综合应用

目的:探讨应用彩色多普勒超声显像(CDFI)引导经皮微波热凝固(PMCT)联合血管介入法治疗肝癌的可行性与治疗效果。方法:56例肝癌患者,应用PMCT治疗26例,30个结节;PMCT联合TACE30例,42个结节,先行肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE),3d后行PMCT治疗,其中8例合并门静脉癌栓的病例,在TACE治疗2周后行经皮门静脉化疗(PVC)。结果:肿瘤<5cm的肝癌结节53个,PMCT与联合治疗组均获较好疗效。肿瘤≥5.0cm的19个结节中,联合治疗组在肿瘤缩小、血流信号消失、生存期方面均优于PMCT组。结论:PMCT联合TACE治疗肝癌具有协同作用,是中晚期肝癌有效的综合治疗方法。

微波消融治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤的临床价值

目的:探讨微波消融(MWA)治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤的临床疗效及并发症分析。方法:208例肝脏恶性肿瘤患者接受了241例次的MWA。肝细胞肝癌(HCC)171例行198例次的MWA,肿瘤总数301个,平均1.5个,肿瘤平均最大直径(2.9±1.3)em,其中57例接受了肝切除联合MWA;肝转移癌(MLC)37例行43例次的MWA,肿瘤总数67个,平均1.6个,肿瘤平均最大直径(2.6±1.5)cm。全组病例的治疗通过经皮和开腹两种途径,治疗后定期进行影像学和肿瘤标志物检查。结果:MWA 1个月后行增强CT检查,HCC 301个肿瘤中285个完全消融,完全消融率为94.7%(285/301),MLC 67个肿瘤中62个完全消融,完全消融率为92.5%(62/67)。随访3～43个月,HCC局部复发率为8.4%(24/285),1、2、3年生存率分别为89.0%、74.2%、53.6%,其中肝切除联合MWA治疗的患者1、2、3年生存率分别为81.3%、66.4%、46.7%;MLC局部复发率为9.7%(6/62),中位生存期17～23个月。HCC患者MWA的严重并发症发生率为2.5%(5/198),MLC患者的治疗未出现严重并发症。结论:MWA治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤创伤小,安全有效,具有重要的临床价值。

超声引导下微波凝固治疗子宫腺肌症的临床应用

目的:探讨超声引导下经皮腹腔穿刺微波凝固治疗子宫肌腺症的疗效和可行性.方法:对37例经微波治疗的子宫肌腺症患者,分别观察其治疗前、治疗后1,3,6月经周期的临床表现(痛经、经期、经量)和血红蛋白值(Hgb),并进行统计学比较.结果:治疗前与治疗后各项观察指标比较存在显著性差异(P<0.01).治疗后1mo患者经期和月经量可发生明显改善;3mo患者的疼痛表现有明显改善;6mo患者的Hgb较治疗前明显改善.结论:微波凝固治疗子宫肌腺症是一种安全、有效、副作用小的微创治疗方法.