Variation of Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization Efficiency of Mid-Season Hybrid Rice at Different Ecological Sites under Different Nitrogen Application Levels

[Objective] The study aimed at investigating the effects of different geographic sites,soil chemical characteristics and nitrogen application levels on nitrogen accumulation and distribution in different organs and utilization efficiency for mid-season hybrid rice.[Method] By using mid-season rice varieties II-you 7 and Yuxiangyou203 as the experimental materials,field experiment was conducted at seven ecological sites in four provinces or cities in Southwestern China in 2009.A total of four nitrogen application levels were set as follows：by using 75 kg/hm2 of P2O5 and 75 kg/hm2 of K2O as the base fertilizer,extra 0,90,150 and 210 kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilizer（in which,base fertilizer,base-tillering fertilizer and base-earing fertilizer respectively accounted for 60%,20% and 20%.） was applied,respectively.In the split-plot design,fertilizer was considered as the main factor while rice variety was taken as the secondary factor.A total of eight treatments were set with three replications.[Result] Highly significant differences of grain yield were found among seven locations,two varieties,four nitrogen application levels,interactions of site × variety and site × nitrogen application level,but the interaction of variety ×nitrogen application level had no significant influence on rice yield.There were highly significant effects of site,varieties and nitrogen application level on dry matter production,nitrogen content,nitrogen utilization efficiency.Highly significant negative correlations between uptake efficiency and utilization efficiency for nitrogen were found;and multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that nitrogen uptake-utilization efficiency were significantly influenced by different ecological sites,chemical quality of soil and the levels of nitrogen application.[Conclusion] The research will provide theoretical and practical basis for the highly efficient application of nitrogen in mid-season hybrid rice cultivation.

Effects of SPAD Decline Value of Mid-season Hybrid Rice Leaves after Full-heading Stage on Productivity of Rice Fertilized with Nitrogen

[Objective] The aim was to research relationship between SPAD decline index after full-heading stage （SDIFHS） and productivity of rice. fertilized with nitro- gen in order to provide theoretical and practical references for selection and breed- ing of rice varieties. [Method] From 2008 to 2010, 18 mid-season hybrid rice vari- eties were researched every year to explore relationship＇ between SDIFHS and pro- ductivity of rice fertilized with nitrogen. [Result] The productivity of rice fertilized with nitrogen was of extremely significant positive corretation with SDIFHS, because the higher SPAD decline index is, the higher LAI decline index and the transformation ratio of dry matter to spikes in overground plant would be. [Conclusion] The re- search established a new method to predict productivity of rice fertilized with nitro- gen based on SPAD decline index.

Relationship between Living Rate of Bud and Emergence Rate of Ratoon Rice and Characteristics of the First Cropping Mid-season Hybrid Rice

[Objective] The aim was to study the relationship of plant characters with bud living rate and mother stem emergence rate of ratoon rice before harvest. [Method] Eighteen mid-season hybrid rice cultivators approved recently were taken as materials and relationship of plant characters including bud living rate and moth- er stem emergence rate of ratoon rice before harvest was explored, based on relat- ed data. [Result] The shorter rice with lower harvesting index is the main character of high emergence rate for first cropping rice; decline of plant height and increase of ear-bearing percentage would improve emergence of regenerative seedlings. [Conclusion] The research provided scientific reference for breeding of rice cultivars with high regenerative capacity.

Response of grain-filling rate and grain quality of mid-season indica rice to nitrogen application

Nitrogen is one of the important factors for high yield of rice.Apart from high yield,high quality has become the current urgent demand for rice production.Grain-filling stage is crucial for rice yield and quality formation.However,the effect of nitrogen on grain-filling characteristics and the relationship of grain-filling characteristics and rice quality of mid-season indica rice were still unclear.A field experiment was carried out to ascertain the critical grain-filling characteristics that contribute to rice milling quality,appearance quality and cooking and eating quality under nitrogen applications.The results showed that nitrogen applications prolonged the duration of superior and inferior grain filling.The mean grainfilling rate(G_(mean))and the maximum grain-filling rate(G_(max))of the inferior grains were positively correlated with chalky kernel rate,chalkiness,and amylose content.The time reaching the maximum grain-filling rate(T_(max)G)of the inferior grains was positively correlated with brown rice rate,milled rice rate,and head milled rice rate.Chalky kernel rate and chalkiness were negatively correlated with peak paste viscosity and breakdown viscosity.Less amylose content and more crude protein content were detected in nitrogen application of Liangyoupei 9 and Y Liangyou 2 both in 2016 and 2017.According to the correlation analysis,better cooking and eating quality of Y Liangyou 2 which had less amylose content might result from its higher G_(max)and G_(mean)of inferior grain than that of Liangyoupei 9 in the treatments of nitrogen application.These results indicated that the prolonging grain-filling duration and increasing grain weight at the maximum grain-filling rate of inferior grains contributed to the improvement of milling quality,appearance quality,and cooking and eating quality of mid-season indica rice under appropriate nitrogen applications.

Performance Model Analysis of Armenian Premier League Soccer Players Using Global Positioning System Technology and Comparison between European Championship

The aim of this research was to analyze the PPM of Armenian Premier League using 25 GPS 10 Hz(K-Sport,Montelabbate,Italy),in order to compare data from literature from major European championship.In total 25 matches were analyzed from one team militant in Armenian Premier League(10 wins,10 loses and 5 draws),33 different players(age 24.3±4.2,height 1.76±4.2 and weight 74±3.5)and in total 270 performances(10.8 for matches).Matches were divided in First Half(T1),Second Half(T2),Second Half Substitution(T2 Sub),Full Match,Full Match Substitution(Full Match Sub)and Total Match(Total)that include all the players detected during a games.Furthermore,all matches were divided even by quarters 0-15,15-30,30-45,45-60,60-75 and 75-90,only players that played all match were included in this analyses,in order to check the performance decreasing during the time.All data were added in an Excel Spreadsheet in order to build a database,to organize and better analyze data,cataloging events for data,results,and role of players.Average data from Armenian Premier League in comparison with literature data from European and Italian Championship show that in every parameter,the Armenian Premier League is under the average.This is obviously related to the non-high level of the Armenian football that is in fact placed at the 106°place of the FIFA ranking(update 7 June 2019).Physical data represent an indicator of performance but also of the qualitative level of the league and of individual players.For this reason,the use of the match analysis can be decisive to verify the PPM,in order to better evaluate the championships,teams,and players,in order to build an easier search and discovery of talents.

Make a full preparation to bidding for 2009 FISM World Championships of Magic

In this bloomy season of Beijing China Acrobats Association(CAA)greeted the new and old friends from FISM(Federation of International Magic Societies). At the invitation of China Acrobats Association 19 FISM delegates from 9 countries and China Hong Kong arrived in Beijing to give a visit of 5 days.The invited delegates included:

FOTON Continues to hold its Championship as Global Largest Commercial Vehicle Manufacturer

Latest data from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers(CAAM) shows that through 2010.China’s automobile sales surpassed 18 million, breaking the world record of annual auto sales previously held by the United States.Now that China has become a major global auto production player, how is Foton faring? CAAM statistics said production and sales volume of

Root morphological traits and their relations with yield components of dry-raised mid-season indica rice

Research on root morphological traits of dry-raised seedlings (D-RS) at different growth stages of rice have so far attracted less attention. In this study, using mid-season indica hy-

世界田联可持续发展的践行和启示

世界田联在2020年制定了未来10年的可持续发展战略,其愿景是成为可以提供最佳可持续赛事的国际体育单项联合会,并居于同类领先地位。首先,研究梳理了世界田联可持续发展战略的背景、内容和意义,并推介了世界田联践行可持续发展原则的两个工具,分别是可持续赛事管理系统、田径让世界更美好标准。其次,以2023年布达佩斯世界田径锦标赛为例,探索世界田联与当地组委会在促进可持续发展的实践中所取得的经验成果。最后,总结了世界田联的国际经验对我国田径可持续发展的影响和启示。

美国大学生运动员奥运夺冠现象的多维审视与思考

奥运冠军是彰显竞技体育人才培养质量的显著标志,审视美国大学生运动员奥运夺冠的独特现象,对我国大学竞技体育高质量发展具有一定启示。运用文献研究法和对比分析法对美国大学生运动员奥运夺冠现象进行多维分析。研究认为:美国凭借大学生运动员征战奥运的悠久历史经验、庞大的奥运参赛规模、均衡的奥运项目布局、强劲的竞技体育实力,助力美国奥运代表团位居奥运会金(奖)牌榜前列;通过多元协同的管理机制、深入推进的法治建设、健全完善的人才选拔机制、科技赋能的备战举措、结构均衡的赛事系统、支撑有力的服务保障,实现了美国以大学生运动员为主体的奥运夺冠路径。建议:在新发展阶段,我国应进一步深化大学竞技体育体制改革,加快大学竞技体育法治建设步伐,创新大学竞技体育人才选拔模式,转变大学生运动员训练备战方式,完善大学竞技体育竞赛结构体系,强化大学竞技体育服务保障。

2024年啦啦操世锦赛双人花球项目前3名成套难度动作编排分析

目的:了解双人花球项目在最新赛事中难度动作编排的运用情况,为我国未来在这一领域的研究提供参考,同时提高对双人花球项目发展的关注。方法:采用文献资料法、录像观察法、对比分析法、数理统计法等研究方法,对2024年世界啦啦操锦标赛双人花球项目前3名成套难度动作编排的类型、数量、组合形式等进行分析。结果:墨西哥队的成套难度动作编排与美国队一样,日本队的成套难度动作编排出现次数相对较少;墨西哥队的转体类动作和跳步类动作的出现次数占套路编排的比例大,柔韧与平衡类动作和翻腾类动作的出现次数则相对较少;日本队的套路编排主要以转体类动作为主、跳步类动作为辅,翻腾类动作相对较少且没有柔韧与平衡类动作,但是高难度动作频现;美国队的编排则以转体类动作为主,以柔韧与平衡类动作及翻腾类动作为辅,转体类动作组合占比较大,难度系数高。结论:日本队虽然动作难度数量较少,但其难度系数较高、完成质量较好、动作组合较长,对运动员的竞技水平要求也更高;美国队在整体编排中转体类难度较多,在其他难度方面呈现较少,整体来看难度动作分布不均衡;墨西哥队整体编排难度系数较低,但是整套动作编排丰富极具观赏性,跳步类难度较多。建议:我国双人花球啦啦操在进行成套难度动作编排时要有3方面的考虑:首先,双人花球成套难度动作编排应基于运动员的完成能力和动作质量进行选择;其次,技术的运用应追求多元化,确保各类难度动作的均衡展现;最后,强调创新与运动员间的默契配合,增加动作的多样性和变化性。

世界高水平男子排球比赛攻防能力的等级评价研究——以2022世界排球锦标赛为例

以2022世界男排锦标赛24支队伍为研究对象,运用文献资料法、录像分析法和数理统计法等研究方法,对各国男排攻防指标进行等级评价,分析中国队与世界强队的攻防能力。结果显示:各队伍的进攻、防守和攻防WRSR值分布在B、C、D三个水平,波兰、巴西、法国、乌克兰、阿根廷、塞尔维亚、荷兰队的进攻WRSR值位于B级,中国队为C级。防守和攻防WRSR值达到B级水平的队伍仅为前4强,中国队虽均为D级,但处于D级的中上游水平。各队进攻、防守和攻防WRSR值与最终排名均呈显著相关,具有统计意义(P<0.01)。2022年世界男排锦标赛各队共分为5档,防守和攻防能力第1档的队伍均包括前4强,这4支队伍代表了现今世界排球队伍的最高水平。前4强的意大利队和斯洛文尼亚队的进攻能力分别位于第2和第3档,这两支队伍的进攻能力略显不足,但依靠卓越的防守能力进行了弥补。中国队也是一支防守实力相对较强的队伍,进攻能力处于第5档,防守能力处于第4档,整体实力处于第4档。2022世界男排锦标赛高水平强队技战术特征为:扣球进攻位置多样化;发球攻击性强;拦网技术全面、配合默契、得分能力强。

国际体育参与对民族国家意识的建构——基于民国时期中国参与远东运动会和奥运会的考察

20世纪初,中国在世界资本主义洪流的席卷下开启了构建现代民族国家的历程。受西方文化的影响,现代体育在清末民初传入中国之际即被引以为“救国强种”的有效途径,并与政治紧密结合。借助文献资料,运用史学研究的基本方法,基于中国在20世纪上半叶的远东运动会及奥运会参与史,发现在民国时期通过国际体育参与,包括收回国人体育领导权、积极参与国际体育竞争等,强化了中国的独立自主意识,推动了民众参与国家政治议程,塑造了国民的国家意识和民族认同,并借助远东运动会和奥运会在争取国际合法权益、表达国家立场及输出民族传统体育文化等行动中推进了作为现代民族国家的外交进程,表达了参与国际事务、融入国际社会的意愿。

我国男子跳马单项决赛动作特征分析--以2022年全国体操锦标赛为例

文章运用文献资料、录像观察、数理统计等方法,以2022年全国体操锦标赛男子跳马单项决赛动作选择为切入点。按照上板、第一腾空、第二腾空、落地的顺序进行对比分析,研究国内优秀跳马运动员动作选择倾向以及动作特征,找出特长与优势,为运动员日常训练提供理论指导从而将运动训练过程置于科学控制状态之下,提高训练的科学性。研究得出:通过预赛的层层选拔,进入跳马单项决赛的8名选手在一定程度上代表了国内跳马的最高水平,随着国内跳马项目迅速发展,运动员动作难度价值整体上升了一个水平,但完成质量有待提高;跳马单项决赛中5.4是基本难度水平;动作选择依旧集中在手翻类动作,踺子上板类动作较少;单一轴转体的动作是运动员动作选择的主流;动作完成质量以及落地稳定性是世界大赛中夺金的有力保障。以上结论有利于了解当前国内跳马现状;为运动员提出了未来训练的发展方向和要求;为备战巴黎奥运会,在世界大赛上冲击奖牌具有重要意义。

世界健美操锦标赛混合双人操前三名成绩分析及其训练思考——基于2016-2022年的数据

我国混合双人操在世界健美操锦标赛上属于潜优势项目,但未能夺金。研究基于2016-2022年的健美操世锦赛的数据进行分析,有利于更好地把握世界健美操混合双人操项目的成绩优劣势,为我国实施混合双人操项目夺金计划提供参考。研究采用文献资料法、视频分析法和数理统计法,对第14~17届世界健美操锦标赛的混合双人操前三名成绩进行分析。结论:我国混合双人操在世界健美操锦标赛上的最好成绩为季军,成套动作编排是影响夺冠的主要因素;意大利队连续3届获得冠军,匈牙利队连续4届世锦赛均进入奖牌榜,这表明健美操强国在后备人才培养上计划明确,能抓住艺术创新优势;混合双人操是竞技健美操比赛中一个非常注重运动员情感表现力的项目,艺术性是创编成套动作的首要原则。

2022年竞技健美操世界锦标赛五人操与2022年国内锦标赛五人操前三名难度动作选排对比分析

采用文献资料法、录像分析法等方法,对比分析2022年竞技健美操世界锦标赛五人操与2022年国内锦标赛五人操前三名选排的难度动作,结果表明:国内五人操队伍在国际上曾一直处于领先地位,如今在难度动作上却已经处于劣势,虽然国内队伍编排难度动作的分值依旧是最高分,但需加强其稳定性才能在国际赛场取得好成绩。建议:国内队伍在技巧动作与难度动作组合形式中多下功夫,提高自身成套亮点;通过高水平队伍带动、其余队伍加强自身竞技能力,依靠整体力量共同推动该项目的发展;国内队伍在提臀腾起类难度上应提升组别,增加圈数。

第49-51届世界体操锦标赛男子体操竞技实力分析

运用文献资料法、数理统计法、对比分析法等研究方法,对第49-51届世界体操锦标赛中国男子体操队的成绩进行分析总结:(1)中国男子体操队在三届世锦赛共获得6枚金牌、3枚银牌、2枚铜牌。(2)单项奖牌的分散程度越来越高,竞争格局日趋激烈,少数国家垄断奖牌的局面被打破,男子体操单项已进入群雄并起的时代。(3)在成套动作上,自由体操主要集中在D组难度动作;鞍马的FLOPS及组合动作以及俄式挺身类动作运用最多;吊环主要在C组、D组和E组;跳马Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组动作使用较多,单杠Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组动作成为主体;单杠Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组动作使用较为频繁。

高职院校项目“锦标赛”:表现形式、场域形塑及纠偏路径

高职教育发展呈现出鲜明的项目推动模式,项目成为政府落实国家办学意志的主要政策工具,获取项目成为高职院校在高职教育场域内获得阶层跃升的重要“砝码”,院校之间围绕项目获取展开了较为激烈的锦标赛竞争。项目锦标赛形塑了学校内部场域生态,学校在组织运行模式上愈发倚重“专断权力”在项目获取上的重要作用,以项目获取为目标的“战时”管理模式常态化运行,以项目成果为导向的压力型绩效考核体系普遍确立。在新的场域游戏规则支配下,意外造成基层专业教学组织地位虚化、功能弱化,学校内部院系、专业以及教师之间在激烈的竞争中内卷分化。高职教育高质量发展的实现必须重塑人才培养质量观,以课堂教学为主阵地,构建指向学生职业能力发展的常态化职业教育治理机制,确立专业权威在组织运行中的重要地位。

2023竞技健美操欧洲锦标赛与中国冠军赛男单前三名难度动作选编对比分析

欧洲锦标赛是欧洲竞技健美操最高规格赛事,而中国冠军赛在我国竞技健美操中占据重要地位。基于此,本文采用文献资料、录像分析、对比分析等研究方法,对两场比赛男单项目的前三名难度动作做出对比分析,以此为2024年世锦赛国内运动员难度动作编排提供参考。研究结果表明:①难度分值国内运动员占优;②0.9分难度动作国内选手使用频率占优,高分值难度动作是制胜关键;③难度动作与技巧动作组合形式国内选手过于单调,连接分国内选手未能占满;④A组难度动作国内选手使用多于欧洲选手,B组难度动作4类使用多于国外选手,并且难度分值优势大部分由这两项体现,我国竞技健美操选手应持续保持此类优势。

第17-19届田径世锦赛田径优势项目分析

对第17-19届田径世锦赛田径优势项目进行分析,结果显示:美国田径实力最强,3届均位居榜首,第2名分别是肯尼亚、埃塞俄比亚、加拿大,总体竞技实力较强。其中肯尼亚在这3届田径世锦赛中成绩呈下滑趋势,埃塞俄比亚的成绩有所波动,牙买加成绩比较稳定,加拿大进步比较大,中国在第19届田径世锦赛中并没有达到预期成绩。各国优势项目分布广泛,快速力量性项群竞技实力强的国家有美国;速度性项群竞技实力强的国家有美国、牙买加、英国,我国速度性项群竞技实力水平较弱;耐力性项群竞技实力强的国家有肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚。我国田径总体呈现女强男弱的特点,我国快速力量性项群获奖项目为女子铅球、女子链球、女子标枪,女子20km竞走、女子50km竞走是我国在耐力性项群的主要获奖项目。