Pedestrian safety has recently been considered as one of the most serious issues in the research of traffic safety. This study aims at analyzing the spatial correlation between the frequency of pedestrian crashes and ...Pedestrian safety has recently been considered as one of the most serious issues in the research of traffic safety. This study aims at analyzing the spatial correlation between the frequency of pedestrian crashes and various predictor variables based on open source point-of-interest (POI) data which can provide specific land use features and user characteristics. Spatial regression models were developed at Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ) level using 10,333 pedestrian crash records within the Fifth Ring of Beijing in 2015. Several spatial econometrics approaches were used to examine the spatial autocorrelation in crash count per TAZ, and the spatial heterogeneity was investigated by a geographically weighted regression model. The results showed that spatial error model performed better than other two spatial models and a traditional ordinary least squares model. Specifically, bus stops, hospitals, pharmacies, restaurants, and office buildings had positive impacts on pedestrian crashes, while hotels were negatively associated with the occurrence of pedestrian crashes. In addition, it was proven that there was a significant sign of localization effects for different POIs. Depending on these findings, lots of recommendations and countermeasures can be proposed to better improve the traffic safety for pedestrians.展开更多
以四川地区地应力实测资料为基础，采用地质过程数值模拟的三维有限元数值分析方法，对四川省“Y 字形”断裂交汇部区域应力场进行反演分析，得到四川省“Y 字形”断裂交汇部周围地区不同埋深的地应力分布情况及数值大小。区域最大水平...以四川地区地应力实测资料为基础，采用地质过程数值模拟的三维有限元数值分析方法，对四川省“Y 字形”断裂交汇部区域应力场进行反演分析，得到四川省“Y 字形”断裂交汇部周围地区不同埋深的地应力分布情况及数值大小。区域最大水平主应力总体为 NW 向，但中部、东北侧部分区域有 NE 向出现。本区内埋深500 m 最大水平应力为12．5～15 MPa，1000 m 最大水平应力为26～30 MPa，1500 m 最大水平应力为38～44 MPa，2000 m 最大水平应力为50～57．5 MPa。同时，在前人对四川省地应力3个大区分区的基础上，根据反演得到的区域地应力大小及方向，又将“Y 字形”区域各分为2～3个亚区，为该区域其他公路、铁路以及隧道工程的选线提供了参考资料。展开更多
文摘Pedestrian safety has recently been considered as one of the most serious issues in the research of traffic safety. This study aims at analyzing the spatial correlation between the frequency of pedestrian crashes and various predictor variables based on open source point-of-interest (POI) data which can provide specific land use features and user characteristics. Spatial regression models were developed at Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ) level using 10,333 pedestrian crash records within the Fifth Ring of Beijing in 2015. Several spatial econometrics approaches were used to examine the spatial autocorrelation in crash count per TAZ, and the spatial heterogeneity was investigated by a geographically weighted regression model. The results showed that spatial error model performed better than other two spatial models and a traditional ordinary least squares model. Specifically, bus stops, hospitals, pharmacies, restaurants, and office buildings had positive impacts on pedestrian crashes, while hotels were negatively associated with the occurrence of pedestrian crashes. In addition, it was proven that there was a significant sign of localization effects for different POIs. Depending on these findings, lots of recommendations and countermeasures can be proposed to better improve the traffic safety for pedestrians.
文摘以四川地区地应力实测资料为基础，采用地质过程数值模拟的三维有限元数值分析方法，对四川省“Y 字形”断裂交汇部区域应力场进行反演分析，得到四川省“Y 字形”断裂交汇部周围地区不同埋深的地应力分布情况及数值大小。区域最大水平主应力总体为 NW 向，但中部、东北侧部分区域有 NE 向出现。本区内埋深500 m 最大水平应力为12．5～15 MPa，1000 m 最大水平应力为26～30 MPa，1500 m 最大水平应力为38～44 MPa，2000 m 最大水平应力为50～57．5 MPa。同时，在前人对四川省地应力3个大区分区的基础上，根据反演得到的区域地应力大小及方向，又将“Y 字形”区域各分为2～3个亚区，为该区域其他公路、铁路以及隧道工程的选线提供了参考资料。
