The evolution and diurnal expression patterns of photosynthetic pathway genes of the invasive alien weed,Mikania micrantha

Mikania micrantha is a fast-growing global invasive weed species that causes severe damage to natural ecosystems and very large economic losses of forest and crop production.It has advantages in photosynthesis,including a similar net photosynthetic rate as C4 plants and a higher carbon fixation capacity.We used a combination of genomics and transcriptomics approaches to study the evolutionary mechanisms and circadian expression patterns of M.micrantha.In M.micrantha,16 positive selection genes focused on photoreaction and utilization of photoassimilates.In different tissues,98.1%of the genes associated with photoresponse had high expression in stems,and more than half of the genes of the C4 cycle had higher expression in stems than in leaves.In stomatal opening and closing,2 genes of carbonic anhydrase(CAs)had higher expression at 18:00 than at 8:00,and the slow anion channel 1(SLAC1)and high-leaf-temperature 1 kinase(HT1)genes were expressed at low levels at 18:00.In addition,genes associated with photosynthesis had higher expression levels at 7:00 and 17:00.We hypothesized that M.micrantha may undergo photosynthesis in the stem and flower organs and that some stomata of the leaves were opening at night by CO_(2)signals.In addition,its evolution may attenuate photoinhibition at high light intensities,and enhance more efficient of photosynthesis during low light intensity.And the tissue-specific photosynthetic types and different diurnal pattern of photosynthetic-related genes may contribute to its rapid colonization of new habitats of M.micrantha.

Investigation on Damage Regularity of Mikania micrantha

[Objectives]The paper was to understand the occurrence and damage regularity of the invasive plant Mikania micrantha in Huadu District of Guangzhou.[Methods]The damage status of M.micranthFa in different forest lands and its annual growth dynamics were investigated by field investigation.[Results]With the change of canopy density from low to high,the occurrence degree of M.micrantha changed from high to low.The occurrence degree of M.micrantha in different forest land types was:abandoned orchard>wasteland>roadside greenbelt>waterside>forest edge>normally managed orchard.[Conclusions]M.micrantha enters the rapid growth period from March to May in spring,with the growth rate gradually slowing down after June.The result provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the prevention and control of M.micrantha.

Study on the Antifungal Activities of Mikania micrantha Extracts

The stems and leaves of Mikania micrantha were successively extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol. In vitro and in vivo test method was adopted to deten＇nine the inhibition activity of three solvent extracts against three plant pathogens. Growth rate method showed that ethyl acetate extract could significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of Botrytis circrea, Gtomerclla ciugulata and Fusarium bulbigeuum under the given concentration of 0.09 g/ml in dry sam- ple, and the inhibition rates were all greater than 90%. Organization test showed that the curative effect of petroleum ether extract against B. cirerea was 63.55% under the given concentration of 0.18 g/ml in dry sample, and the curative effect of ethanol extract was 71.47%. In the potting test against Erysiphe gramiuis, the curative effect of petroleum ether extract was 81.26%, while the curative effect of ethyl acetate extract was 62.07%.

薇甘菊Mikania micrantha在中国的传播

薇甘菊MikaniamicranthaH B K 是危害性极强的世界性恶草。它原产于热带美洲 ,现广布于亚洲热带 ,是新大陆众多假泽兰属Mikania植物中传播至旧大陆的惟一物种 ,并与旧大陆的假泽兰M .cordata(Burm .f.)Robinson共存。薇甘菊在旧大陆的最早记录是 1884年采自香港动植物公园 ,而非 190 7年采于斐济。它在中国的传播始于 19世纪末 ,由原产地引种栽培于香港动植物公园 ,并于 1919在该园附近发现逸生的薇甘菊。 2 0世纪5 0 - 6 0年代 ,薇甘菊在香港地区蔓延开来。 1984年在广东深圳银湖地区发现逸生的薇甘菊 ,80年代末到 90年代已蔓延至广东沿海地区 ,目前蔓延趋势不减。薇甘菊在中国的传播始于香港 ,源于原产地中、南美洲 ,而广东地区的薇甘菊传播无疑地是源于香港。而目前薇甘菊在中国香港和广东境内南亚热带地区的迅速蔓延或许与全球气候变化相关。

林业有害植物薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)的气体交换特性

通过对不同条件和状态下的薇甘菊叶片光合能力（Pn）、呼吸（R）、气孔导度（gs）、蒸腾（Tr）、羧化效率（CE）、最大表观量子效率（ф）及水分利用效率（WUE）进行大量测定,并与同一地区（群落）其它对照种进行对比研究,发现薇甘菊具有以下特征：（1）薇甘菊叶片CO2和水分交换参数在上述不同条件下变化范围达数倍至十几倍,显示其强可塑性。种间比较发现,营养及生殖生长季内薇甘菊Pn与当地木本植物相当,稍低于其它藤本植物,远低于草本植物,说明薇甘菊的强入侵能力可能并非依靠单位叶片的强光合能力,而是其它因素,如前所述光合作用在不同生境、不同生长状态下的光合可塑性等;（2）林下生长薇甘菊的光合能力低于林间空地,而林间空地薇甘菊低于林缘（外）生境。对照实验也证明阴生生境薇甘菊光合显著低于阳生生境。说明薇甘菊是强阳性植物,与其它因子（水分）相比,光照条件是影响其光合能力的最重要因素,可以通过改变林分群落结构、增大郁闭度等降低光照措施来进行生态防治;（3）综合所有室内和野外数据进行频率分析发现,各指标均呈现（偏）正态分布。其中Pn集中分布区在2～10μmol.m-2s-1之间（占所测总数据的70%）;gs集中分布在0.05～0.45 mol.m-2s-1之间（73%）;Tr的集中分布区为1～5 mmol.m-2s-1（66%）;CE分布于0.01～0.05 mol.mol-1之间数据占64%;近半的R分布在集中区域0.5～1.5μmol.m-2s-1之间,而在0.5～2.5μmol.m-2s-1之间的数据占所测总量的66%;ф的集中分布区在0.04～0.08mol.mol-1之间（77%）;这些数据为种间比较等统计分析比较工作奠定统计基础;（4）薇甘菊叶片对Pn和WUE的调节具有类似的方式,即光合作用最主要的调节因素是CE,其次是gs,而与ф的相关不显著;WUE主要是由Pn大小控制,Tr的影响相对较小,薇甘菊叶片WUE随gs的变化而保持恒定。上述有关薇甘菊的CO2和水分交换特性的研究,可以为这一入侵物种的防治提供基础数据支撑。

薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)非同化器官光合特征及其生态学意义

薇甘菊因为其在新生境的强入侵能力而臭名昭著,有关其入侵的光合生理原因主要集中在叶片光合速率研究,而对非同化器官光合特性少见报道。以叶片为对照,对非同化器官花、果、茎、根的光合电子传递速率、PSII光化效率以及不同器官光合碳固定对群落碳平衡的影响进行了研究,发现尽管非同化器官光合电子传导速率均低于叶片,但是其色素利用效率(叶绿素和类胡萝卜素)显著高于叶片。在生殖生长季节,叶片光合能力明显下降的时期内,非同化器官的光合碳固定对薇甘菊生长起到积极作用。把不同器官的光合碳固定量尺度放大到群体水平发现,基于使用红外线CO2分析法和叶绿素荧光方法计算结果表明,单位土地面积上分布的薇甘菊非同化器官(生殖器官、茎和根等)分别占群体总光合能力的19%和49%,说明非同化器官光合在薇甘菊生长和入侵中可能具有的重要作用。尽管薇甘菊叶片为典型C3植物特征,结果发现了茎以及主叶脉内存在类似C4途径的、具有丰富叶绿体的维管束鞘结构。C4途径的光合效率远比C3植物高可能是薇甘菊非同化器官光合叶绿素效率高于叶片的一个原因,尚需要更多的直接生化证据支持。

田野菟丝子(Cuscuta campestris)寄生对薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)入侵群落土壤微生物生物量和酶活性的影响

比较分析了广东省内伶仃岛薇甘菊未入侵群落、薇甘菊入侵群落、田野菟丝子刚寄生的薇甘菊入侵群落和田野菟丝子寄生3 a的薇甘菊入侵群落的土壤化学特性、微生物生物量碳氮磷及土壤酶活性的变化,旨在探讨薇甘菊入侵如何改变土壤特性及田野菟丝子的寄生如何改变薇甘菊入侵地土壤特性。薇甘菊入侵群落土壤的pH值(6.046)、有机碳(35.937 g.kg-1)、全氮(2.449 g.kg-1)、有机氮(2.383 g.kg-1)和氨态氮(0.051 g.kg-1)含量要显著地高于薇甘菊未入侵群落土壤(5.593,29.512g.kg-1,0.800 g.kg-1,0.722 g.kg-1,0.043 g.kg-1),而土壤硝态氮含量(0.015 g.kg-1)要显著地低于薇甘菊未入侵群落土壤(0.033 g.kg-1),土壤全磷和有效磷没有明显的差异;薇甘菊入侵群落土壤的微生物生物量碳、氮、磷、土壤酸性磷酸酶、脲酶和β-D-葡萄糖苷酶活性要显著地高于薇甘菊未入侵群落土壤。田野菟丝子寄生可以使薇甘菊入侵地的土壤pH值(5.634)、有机碳(27.225 g.kg-1)、全氮(1.836 g.kg-1)、有机氮(1.793 g.kg-1)和氨态氮(0.024 g.kg-1)含量显著性下降,对于全磷、有效磷和硝态氮则无明显影响;同时田野菟丝子寄生可以使土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷、土壤酸性磷酸酶、脲酶及β-D-葡萄糖苷酶活性显著下降,但改变后的土壤与未入侵地之间仍具有一定的差异。田野菟丝子寄生达3 a的薇甘菊入侵地的土壤总有机碳(35.719 g.kg-1)、全氮(2.356 g.kg-1)、有机氮(2.304 g.kg-1)和氨态氮(0.040 g.kg-1)含量相对于寄生早期显著增加,有机碳、全氮、有机氮等含量恢复到薇甘菊入侵地的水平,与未入侵地之间存在显著性差异;田野菟丝子寄生时间对土壤微生物生物量氮磷及土壤酸性磷酸酶和β-D-葡萄糖苷酶活性无显著性影响,但微生物生物量碳及脲酶活性显著升高,甚至超出薇甘菊入侵地。薇甘菊入侵可以改变土壤微生物生物量和酶活性,最终改变土壤化学特性,有利于其入侵;而田野菟丝子寄生可以打破土壤微生物生态系统的动态平衡,引起土壤微生物生物量和酶活性的改变,而最终又引起土壤化学特性的改变。此研究结果对于评价薇甘菊入侵的后果、田野菟丝子防治的可能机制及带来的后果具有重要的意义。

Distribution and Damage of Alien Weed Mikania micranthain in Huiyang District of China

[ Objective ] The paper was to understand distribution and damage of alien weed Mikania micramhaln in Huiyang District of China. [ Method ] The coverage, nearby water sources, surrounding plants and control status of M. micranthain under different habitats in Huiyang District were surveyed. [ Result] M. micrantha grew violently in the habitats of irrigation ditches, orchard, field edge and wasteland with the coverage ranging from 10% to 90%. It grew more seriously around water sources and was very likely to recur after control. The wild growth of M. micranthaln was harmful to local agriculture, forestry and fishery. The com- prehensive control measures combing artificial control, chemical control, biological control and ecological control should be adopted in different habitats. [ Conclusion] The study orovided basis for comorehensive control and invasion risk assessment of M. micranthain.

Herbicidal Effects of Periconia heveae Culture Filtrate on Mikania micrantha

[Objective] The paper was to explore the herbicidal effects of Periconia heveae culture filtrate on Mikania micrantha. [Method] Through indoor bioassay method, the inhibition effects of culture filtrates of seven species of plant disease fungi on seed germination and seedling growth of M. micrantha were studied, and the security of P. heveae culture filtrate on pepper （Capsicum annuum） and tomato （Solanum lycopersicum） was also evaluated. [Result] The culture filtrates of P. heveae had strong inhibition effects on seed germination and the growth of root, shoot and seedling of M. micrantha, and the inhibition rates were 72.7%, 93.0%, 32.4%, and 54.6% （fresh weight）, respectively. Security tests showed that culture filtrates of P. heveae were safe to seed germination and root and shoot growth of tomato, and the growth rate had no significant difference with control, but they inhibited seed germination of pepper. [Conclusion] As potential biological herbicide, the culture filtrate and metabolites of P. heveae is worthy of further development. .

外来入侵植物薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)对温度升高的响应

为探讨全球变化温度升高对外来入侵植物薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)化感作用和入侵能力的影响,研究不同温度(22、26和30℃)处理对其种子萌发、幼苗生长、生物量分配、挥发物成分和化感作用的影响。结果表明,薇甘菊种子在温度为22、26和30℃时的萌发率分别为29.2%、52.4%和75.2%。30℃条件下薇甘菊种子萌发率最高,萌发速度快。温度升高显著增加薇甘菊茎的生长、增加对茎的生物量分配。GC-MS和GC测定显示,温度升高改变了薇甘菊挥发物的化学成分。同时,生物测定表明,温度升高增强薇甘菊挥发物对萝卜(Raphanus sativus)和油菜(Brassica campestris)的化感作用。说明温度升高促进了薇甘菊种子的萌发和生长,同时增强了该植物的化感作用,温度升高可能加速薇甘菊的生物入侵。

Study on RNAi-based herbicide for Mikania micrantha

The invasive plant Mikania micrantha Kunth(M.micrantha)from South America poses a significant threat to the stability and biodiversity of ecosystems.However,an effective and economical method to control M.micrantha is still lacking.RNA interference(RNAi)has been widely studied and applied in agriculture for trait improvement.Spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS)can produce RNAi silencing effects without introducing heritable modifications to the plant genome and is becoming a novel nontransformation strategy for plant protection.In this study,the genes encoding chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins were selected as targets of RNAi,based on high-throughput sequencing of M.micrantha transcriptome and bioinformatic analyses of sequence specificity.Three types of RNAi molecules,double-stranded RNA,RNAi nanomicrosphere,and short hairpin RNA(shRNA),with their corresponding short interfering RNA sequences were designed and synthesized for SIGS vector construction,from which each RNAi molecule was transcribed and extracted to be sprayed on M.micrantha leaves.Whereas water-treated control leaves remained green,leaves treated with RNAi molecules turned yellow and eventually wilted.Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression levels of target genes were significantly reduced in the RNAi-treated groups compared with those of the control,suggesting that all three types of RNAi herbicides effectively silenced the endogenous target genes,which are essential for the growth of M.micrantha.We also found that shRNA showed better silencing efficiency than the other two molecules.Taken together,our study successfully designed three types of RNAi-based herbicides that specifically silenced endogenous target genes and controlled the growth of M.micrantha.Moreover,we identified a gene family encoding chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins that is important for the growth and development of M.micrantha and could serve as potential targets for controlling the spread of M.micrantha.

Local grasses for the control of the invasive vine Mikania micrantha

Mikania micrantha(Asteraceae)is an invasive vine found in tropical and southern subtropical Asian and the Pacifc Islands.The current methods used to control this vine are inadequate,which warrants the development of ecologically sustainable methods.Therefore,we investigated the ability of four grass species to prevent the invasion of M.micrantha,with an ultimate goal of developing ecologically sustainable control methods for widespread application.The clumps of native grass species from China(Panicum incomtum,Pennisetum purpureum,Saccharum arundinaceum and Microstegium vagans)were established.We sowed M.micrantha seeds and transplanted the seedlings into the grass clumps to examine whether the clumps could eliminate the new M.micrantha plants.In addition,we transplanted M.micrantha into existing grass clumps to examine whether the grass clumps could prevent the re-invasion of M.micrantha.Furthermore,we grew M.micrantha with P.incomtum and P.purpureum in the feld to examine whether the grasses could outcompete M.micrantha.Mikania micrantha seeds germinated hardly in the grass clumps,and all seedlings died within 3 months.It was diffcult for the vine to survive in the grass clumps.Our feld experiments showed that the coverage of M.micrantha was signifcantly lower than that of the grass species in the frst year,and that the vine was outcompeted after 2 years.To the best of our knowledge,this study is the frst to reveal that tall grasses,particularly P.incomtum and P.purpureum,have potential to serve as bio-control agents for M.micrantha.

Soil fungi of three native tree species inhibit biomass production and shift biomass allocation of invasive Mikania micrantha Kunth

Soil microbes contribute to native plant species successful resistance against invasive plant.Three native tree species,Heteropanax fragrans (HF),Cinnamomum burmanii (CB),and Macaranga tanarius (MT) were effective in controlling the notorious invasive vine Mikania micrantha (MM).Biomass production and allocation patterns (shoot/root biomass ratio (shoot/root)) are important indicators of MM climbing coverage and competitive light-capturing capacity.An investigation was conducted to test the role of soil microbes associated with the three native tree species to inhibit MM biomass production and shift MM shoot/root.Rhizosphere soils originating from preculture HF,CB,MT,and MM plots were collected separately for use as inocula.The inocula were mixed with sterilized river sand at a 1:9 (w/w) ratio to grow MM.The fungicide carbendazim (methyl benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate) was applied to half the treatments to kill pathogenic soil fungi.Two nutrient levels were established based on the natural soil nutrient concentration from a field stand invaded by MM.MM were grown from seeds in a glasshouse,harvested 15 weeks after sowing,and separated into shoot and root portions.Results showed that under interaction of soil origin and nutrient levels,MM biomass production was unchanged,but biomass allocation patterns were significantly different.MM biomass production grown in the three native tree soils under two nutrient levels was similar or higher than MM biomass production in MM conspecific soil,indicating the absence of species-specific pathogens that inhibited MM biomass production in native tree soils.However,in both conspecific and tree soils,MM biomass production was significantly reduced in the presence of pathogenic soil fungi,i.e.MM experienced significant fungal inhibition,demonstrating the pathogenic soil fungi promoted native tree resistence to MM.MM exhibited decreased shoot biomass allocation when cultivated in native tree soil relative to MM conspecific soil under field stand nutrient level conditions.Reduced resource allocation to shoot biomass could result in diminished capacity to climb,cover,and subsequent smother to native trees,and reduced surface area exposed to available light.Following fungicide application,significant biomass allocation differences disappeared,suggesting the native tree soil fungi were responsible for decreasing MM shoot biomass.The overall results indicated tree soil fungi serve an integral role in controlling invasive MM through fungal inhibition on MM biomass production,and shifts in MM biomass allocation patterns.

桉树相思树混交林对薇甘菊入侵的控制效果评价

[目的]探索桉树混交林对薇甘菊的入侵控制效果。[方法]以桉树纯林作对比,设置1行桉树+1行相思树(混交模式A)、2列桉树+2列相思树(混交模式B)2种混交模式,对3种造林模式的林木生长状况、薇甘菊生物量、叶生物量、林分透光度、薇甘菊盖度等相关指标进行分析,揭示控制薇甘菊的关键因素。[结果]混交林中,相思树的平均树高、平均胸径、平均冠幅、单株叶生物量等均比桉树纯林的大;林分透光度、林分薇甘菊生物量表现为桉树纯林>混交模式B~混交模式A(P<0.05),林分乔木层的总叶生物量、薇甘菊生物量表现为混交模式A~混交模式B>桉树纯林;3种造林模式内,薇甘菊盖度达70%以上只在桉树纯林内存在,盖度只有5%~10%或者没有薇甘菊的只在混交林内存在。[结论]综合以上因素,3种造林模式对薇甘菊入侵控制效果为混交模式A~混交模式B>桉树纯林,说明林分密度、枝叶繁茂程度、林分透光度等因素是控制薇甘菊入侵的关键。

薇甘菊叶绿体基因组密码子偏好性分析

为探究薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)叶绿体基因组密码子使用模式和影响其偏好性的主要因素,从NCBI数据库下载并筛选出53条长度大于300 bp的叶绿体蛋白编码基因,采用CodonW 1.4.2、DNASTAR和SPSS 26.0等软件,对其密码子偏好性和成因进行多方面分析。结果表明,薇甘菊叶绿体基因组密码子3个位点的GC平均含量表现为GC1(47.06%)>GC2(39.85%)>GC3(28.16%);GC3含量为17.65%~36.93%。有效密码子数目(ENC)均值远大于35.00,表明密码子偏性较弱。RSCU值大于1.00的密码子有27个,其中第3位碱基使用A或U的密码子占比88.88%,表明薇甘菊密码子第3位碱基偏好使用A或U。中性绘图、ENC-plot和PR2-plot等分析结果表明,在影响薇甘菊密码子偏好性的众多因素中,自然选择发挥主要作用。CAU、ACA和CGU为最优密码子。研究结果可为薇甘菊叶绿体基因组学研究提供参考。

4种植物水浸提液对薇甘菊种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感作用

为利用植物化感作用抑制外来入侵植物薇甘菊的不断扩张,避免其对生态环境构成严重威胁,该研究以广东常见植物三裂叶蟛蜞菊、三叶鬼针草、红薯和野牡丹为对象,探究4种植物根、茎和叶的水浸提液对薇甘菊种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应。结果显示,4种供试植物的组织水浸提液对薇甘菊种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数和幼苗根长大部分具有较明显的抑制效果,并且随着浸提液浓度的升高抑制作用越强。其中,0.20 g·mL^(-1)三叶鬼针草叶浸提液处理的种子发芽率、种子发芽指数及0.20 g·mL^(-1)野牡丹叶浸提液处理的种子活力指数分别较对照降低了69.8%、81.1%和74.6%。显微观察结果显示,植物浸提液处理会导致薇甘菊幼苗根尖褐化或根毛减少,茎和叶浸提液较根浸提液对薇甘菊幼苗根尖结构毒害作用更明显。4种植物组织浸提液对薇甘菊的化感效应总体表现为三裂叶蟛蜞菊>三叶鬼针草>红薯>野牡丹。

入侵植物薇甘菊在贵州的潜在适生区及其变化趋势

【目的】薇甘菊是一种危害性极大的外来入侵植物,2016—2022年间,多次在贵州省发现其入侵种群。预测薇甘菊在贵州的潜在适生区及其变化规律,可对贵州薇甘菊防控体系建设提供依据。【方法】在全球筛选薇甘菊分布点1001个,结合22个环境因子数据,采用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)预测当前及未来气候条件下薇甘菊在贵州的潜在分布情况,并进行主导因子分析。【结果】当前气候条件下,薇甘菊在贵州的高适生区面积为1.51万km 2,占全省面积的8.60%,主要位于黔西南州和黔南州;在未来气候条件下,薇甘菊在贵州的适生区呈扩增状态,适生区分布中心坐标(26.43°N,107.00°E)由黔南州向贵阳市转移;影响薇甘菊适生范围的主导因子是年平均温度、昼夜温差平均值、温度季节性变化、最冷月份最低温、年降水量和最热季平均降水量。【结论】薇甘菊在贵州的适生区范围广,温度和降水是主要影响因素。在未来气候条件下,薇甘菊在贵州的适生区呈扩增状态,整体向北迁移扩散的趋势明显。

双链RNA对薇甘菊根基因 MmEXPA4 的靶向抑制

【目的】结合薇甘菊较强的节节生根能力的生物学特性,研发利用RNAi技术抑制薇甘菊根系生长基因表达的生物防治技术,为进一步开发薇甘菊靶向防控技术奠定基础。【方法】利用同源比对方法,鉴定出调控薇甘菊根系发育的关键基因(MmEXPA4),体外合成该基因的双链RNA(dsMmEXPA4),利用dsMmEXPA4注射薇甘菊根部,研究其对薇甘菊根系生长的作用。【结果】与对照组相比,dsMmEXPA4处理30 d后,所有不定根的数量、鲜重和最长不定根的长度均显著降低。qRT-PCR检测结果表明,在dsMmEXPA4处理后第4和第5天,MmEXPA4基因的表达量显著下调,沉默效率分别为43.96%和52.11%。此外,通过Fluorescent Stereo Microscope Leica M165 FC发现,被荧光标记的dsMmEXPA4能在根系中测检到较强的绿色荧光信号。【结论】MmEXPA4基因可作为抑制薇甘菊根系发育及快速生长的潜在靶点,为利用RNA干扰技术生物防治薇甘菊提供理论基础。

四类重大林业有害生物的防控有效性分析

利用普通最小二乘法的稳健标准误模型及似不相关回归模型,定量分析松材线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus、美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea、薇甘菊Mikania micrantha及林业害鼠(兔)4类重大林业有害生物的防控有效性。结果显示:预防措施可以显著使松材线虫、美国白蛾及薇甘菊的发生面积呈递减趋势,防治资金的使用效率为抑制薇甘菊扩散起到显著作用。对于松材线虫病的防控,应加强生物化学农药在媒介昆虫防治中的应用,提升防控资金的使用效果;轻度发生的美国白蛾可采用综合防治措施,中度及重度发生首选生物化学农药防治;薇甘菊主要采用化学及营林防治措施,轻度发生时可结合采用人工物理防治;轻度发生的林业害鼠(兔)可采用综合防治措施,中度及重度发生采用生物、化学及人工物理防治,当重度发生时,营林措施控制灾害扩散的效果最好。