Application of Milankovitch cycles in the restoration of highresolution deposition velocity of Neogene strata in Kutei Basin,Indonesia

Restoring the deposition velocity during evolution in basin analysis is an important aspect.The restoration of high-resolution deposition velocitydthe deposition velocity over a short geological perioddcan improve the precision of basin analysis and research.However,the prerequisite for the restoration is to establish an accurate chronostratigraphic framework based on precise stratigraphic dating.Conventional methods for stratigraphic dating can only be used to determine the epochs of large stratigraphic intervals rather than accurate geological time.It is also difficult to establish a fine geological time scale with dating methods requiring sample testing such as isotopic dating due to their limitations in sample collection.In contrast,the Milankovich cycle-based dating possesses the advantages of high precision and high operability and can be used to restore high-resolution deposition velocity.Based on the identification and extraction of Milankovich cycles,this study restores the high-resolution deposition velocity of the Middle Miocene and later strata in the abyssal area of the Kutei Basin in Indonesia.The results show that the restored deposition velocity coincides well with lithological sections.This indicates that the Milankovitch cycle-based dating can be used to effectively restore reliable curves of high-resolution deposition velocity.Therefore,this study provides a methodological basis and data guarantee for studying the accumulation cycles and distribution patterns of oil and gas in the abyssal area of the Kutei Basin using wave analysis technology and can also serve as a reference for similar research in other basins.

Recognition of Milankovitch Cycles in the Natural Gamma—Ray Logging of Upper Cretaceous Terrestrial Strata in the Songliao Basin

Spectrogram analysis of seven natural gamma-ray logging of Member 1 of the Qingshankou Formation （K2qn^1） and Member 1 and 2 of the Nenjiang Formation （K2n^1-2） of Late Cretaceous age in the Songliao Basin reveals sedimentary cyclicities controlled by Milankovitch climate periodicities. The recognition of Milankovitch cycles allows estimation of an average accumulation rate of ～7.55- 8.62 cm/ka for the K2qn^1 sections, and ～6.69-10.16 cm/ka for the K2n^1-2 sections. Two marine transgression events occurred during the deposition of K2qn^1 and K2n^1-2 and their ages are at ～0.74- 1.10 Ma and ～2.38-4.84 Ma, respectively. Identification of Milankoviteh cycles from fine-grained deep lake sedimentary rocks in the Songliao Basin may provide great potential for high-resolution stratigraphic subdivisions and correlations.

Devonian Frasnian-Famennian Transitional Milankovitch Cycles and High-Resolution Stratigraphic Correlation

Four hierarchical cyclothems, superbundlesets, bundlesets, bundles and laminae, have been identified from the Devonian Frasnian-Famennian carbonate strata in Guangxi, South China. Their hierarchical structures, ratio relationships and sequence in conodont zones are continuous and stable and can be traced across different facies zones and sedimentary basins. Our data show that hierarchically organized superbundlesets, bundlesets, bundles and laminae correspond to the long eccentricity, eccentricity, obliquity or precession and sub-Milankovitch cycles respectively. Their periods were 400,000, 100,000, 33,333, 16,667 and 8,000–17,000 a, respectively. The ratios of long eccentricity to eccentricity, eccentricity to obliquity, and eccentricity to precession in the Devonian are 1:4, 1:3 and 1:6 respectively. Using these hierarchical Milankovitch cyclothems, chronostratigraphical division and correlation can be realized at a resolution of 100 ka or 10 ka at the Frasnian-Famennian transition. The time intervals of the Upper rhenana Zone, linguiformis Zone, and the Lower, Middle and Upper triangularis Zone are 0.6, 0.8, 0.3, 0.3 and 0.3 Ma, respectively. Sea-level changes of the Frasnian-Famennian transition were not coherent and synchronous at the resolution of 100 ka or 10 ka in the basin-slope carbonate sequences of Guangxi, South China.

Characteristics of Milankovitch Cycles in the Mid-Permian Liangshan and Qixia Formations of the Sichuan Basin——Examples from Well-Long17 and Well-Wujia1

The Liangshan and Qixia formations in the Sichuan Basin of central China were formed in the earlier middle Permian. Based on outcrop observation of the Changjianggou section at Shangsi, Guangyuan region and 3 rd -order sequence division in typical drillings, one-dimensional spectrum analysis has been used to choose the better curve between the natural gamma ray spectrometry log（ln （Th/K）） in Well-Long17 and the gamma ray log（GR） in Well-Wujia1, respectively, for identifying Milankovitch cycles in Sequence PSQ1 which comprises the Liangshan and Qixia formations, and then to identify the variation in the Milankovitch cycle sequences. On this basis, the system tract and 4 th -order sequence interfaces in Sequence PSQ1 were found via two-dimensional spectral analysis and digital filtering. Finally, a high-frequency sequence division program was established. Among these cycles, long eccentricity （413.0 ka） and short eccentricity （123.0 ka） are the most unambiguous, and they are separately the major control factors in forming 4 th -order （parasequence sets） and 5 th -order （parasequences） sequences, with the average thicknesses corresponding to the main cycles being 11.47 m and 3.32 m in Well-Long17, and 14.21 m and 3.79 m in Well-Wujia1, respectively. In other words, the deposition rate in the beach subfacies is faster than that of the inner ramp facies. The ln（Th/K） curve is more sensitive than the GR as the index of relatively ancient water depth in carbonate deposition. One-dimensional spectrum analysis of ln（Th/K） curve could distinguish the Milankovitch cycle sequences that arose from the Precession cycle （20.90 ka）, with a much higher credibility. Sequence PSQ1 in Well-Long17 contains 10 4 th -order sequences, and the growth span of Sequence PSQ1 consisting of the Liangshan and Qixia formations is about 4.13 Ma. The single deposition thickness of the long eccentricity cycle sequence has the characteristics of thinning and then thickening in the two-dimensional spectrum, which could be used to identify the system tract interface of the 3 rd -order sequence. The precession sequence thickness remains stationary. As a result, the early deposition rate in the mid-Permian of the Sichuan basin was very slow, remaining nearly stationary, and this reflects a sustained depositional environment. Whole-rock carbon and oxygen isotope curves could also prove this point. Milankovitch cycle sequence studies provide a basis for paleoenvironmental analysis and, as such, can be used to analyze ancient climate change, calculate deposition rate and deposition time, and carry out fine isochronous stratigraphic correlation.

Recognition of Milankovitch cycles in the stratigraphic record: application of the CWT and the FFT to well-log data

The authors applied a the combination of Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) methods to gamma ray well-log data from the Q3, G1 and D2 wells. This high-resolution stratigraphic study was based on Milankovitch's orbital cycle theory. It was found that the CWT scale factors, ‘a,’ of 12, 24 and 60 match the ratios of the periodicities of precession, obliquity and eccentricity very well. Nine intervals of the Permo-carboniferous strata were recognized to have Milankovitch cycles in them. For example, section A of well Q3 has 29 precession cycles, 15 obliquity cycles and 7 short eccentricity cycles. The wavelengths are 2.7, 4.4 and 7.8 m for precession, obliquity and eccentricity, respectively. Important geological parameters such as the stratigraphic completeness and the accumulation rate were also estimated. These results provide basic information for further cyclostratigraphic correlation studies in the area. They are of great significance for the study of ancient and future climate change.

Correlation and analysis of well-log sequence with Milankovitch cycles as rulers: A case study of coal-bearing strata of late Permian in western Guizhou

Based on the well-logging data of typical wells of Zhijin,Panxian and Weining areas in western Guizhou,the well-logging data GR of late Permian coal-bearing strata were processed and wavelet transform technique was used to carry out the sequence stratigraphy division and correlation.The study mainly focuses on the controlling effects which Milankovitch had on high frequency sequence,Milankovitch cycle can be used as a ruler of sequence stratigraphy division and correlation to ensure the scientifcity and the unity of sequence stratigraphy division.According to well-logging signal of the ideal Milankovitch cycle,the corresponding relation between the wavelet scales and the cycles is determined by wavelet analysis.Through analyzing analog signals of subsequence sets to search the corresponding relation between various system tracts and the features of time-frequency,the internal features of wavelet transform scalogram could be made clearly.According to ideal model research,features of Milankovitch curves and wavelet spectrum can be seen clearly and each well can be classifed into four third-order sequences and two system tracts.At the same time Milankovitch cycle can realize the division and correlation of stratigraphic sequence in a quick and convenient way.

Identification of Milankovitch Cycles and Calculation of Net Primary Productivity of Paleo-peatlands using Geophysical Logs of Coal Seams

Individual coal seams formed in paleo-peatlands represent sustained periods of terrestrial carbon accumulation and a key environmental indicator attributed to this record is the rate of carbon accumulation.Determining the rate of carbon accumulation requires a measure of time contained within the coal.This study aimed to determine this rate via the identification of Milankovitch orbital cycles in the coals.The geophysical log is an ideal paleoclimate proxy and has been widely used in the study of sedimentary records using spectral analysis.Spectral analyses of geophysical log from thick coal seams can be used to identify the Milankovitch cycles and to calculate the period of the coal deposition.By considering the carbon loss during coalification,the long-term average carbon accumulation rate and net primary productivity(NPP)of paleo-peatlands in coal seams can be obtained.This review paper presents the procedures of analysis,assessment of results and interpretation of geophysical logs in determining the NPP of paleo-peatlands.

Cycles of fine-grained sedimentation and their influences on organic matter distribution in the second member of Paleogene Kongdian Formation in Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,East China

According to the theory of sequence stratigraphy based on continental transgressive-regressive(T-R)cycles,a 500 m continuous core taken from the second member of Kongdian Formation(Kong 2 Member)of Paleogene in Well G108-8 in the Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,was tested and analyzed to clarify the high-frequency cycles of deep-water fine-grained sedimentary rocks in lacustrine basins.A logging vectorgraph in red pattern was plotted,and then a sequence stratigraphic framework with five-order high-frequency cycles was formed for the fine-grained sedimentary rocks in the Kong 2 Member.The high-frequency cycles of fine-grained sedimentary rocks were characterized by using different methods and at different scales.It is found that the fifth-order T cycles record a high content of terrigenous clastic minerals,a low paleosalinity,a relatively humid paleoclimate and a high density of laminae,while the fifth-order R cycles display a high content of carbonate minerals,a high paleosalinity,a dry paleoclimate and a low density of laminae.The changes in high-frequency cycles controlled the abundance and type of organic matter.The T cycles exhibit relatively high TOC and abundant endogenous organic matters in water in addition to terrigenous organic matters,implying a high primary productivity of lake for the generation and enrichment of shale oil.

Cyclostratigraphy and paleoclimate analysis of the Lingshui Formation in Changchang Sag,Qiongdongnan Basin,China

The Qiongdongnan Basin,located in the sea between Hainan Island and the Xisha Islands,is a faulted Cenozoic basin on the northern continental margin of the South China Sea.The Changchang Sag,situated in the eastern part of the central depressional zone in the deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin,exhibits a near EW-striking morphology and represents an important potential target for oil/gas exploration.However,the age of the interface of the Lingshui Formation remains controversial,which hinders a comprehensive understanding of the tectonic evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation pattern in the Changchang Sag.This study focuses on well A,located in the depositional center of the Changchang Sag,and employs cyclostratigraphic analysis to identify cyclic signals of the Milankovitch cycles recorded in the sedimentary strata.Spectral analysis of natural gamma logging data from this well reveals the presence of 405 kyr long eccentricity cycles,100 kyr short eccentricity cycles,39.3 kyr obliquity cycles,and 20.58 kyr age precession cycles.By employing astronomical tuning,a“floating”astronomical time scale of the Lingshui Formation spanning 5.483 million years(Myr)is established.The top interface of the Oligocene in the International Geological Time Scale 2020(GTS2020),with a geological age of 23.03 Ma,is used as the time anchor to establish a high-precision absolute astronomical age framework for the Lingshui Formation.The results indicate that the bottom interface of the first member of the Lingshui Formation is dated at 23.79 Ma,the bottom interface of the second member is dated at 25.08 Ma,and the bottom interface of the third member is dated at 28.51 Ma.Additionally,the average sedimentation rate during this period is estimated to be 9.261 cm/kyr.Furthermore,paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental reconstructions were carried out through quantitative analysis of spore and pollen assemblages,as well as foraminifera within the Lingshui Formation.These analyses suggest that the deposition of the Lingshui Formation occurred under warm and humid temperate climatic conditions.The results of paleoclimate proxy analysis and comparative fitting analysis of the astronomical time scale confirm that the climate evolution during this period was influenced by astronomical orbital forces,such as eccentricity and precession.

Characteristics of Milankovitch cycles recorded in Eocene strata in the eastern depression of North Yellow Sea Basin, North China

As cyclical orbital movements of Earth,Milankovitch cycles can be recorded in sedimentary strata.The time they reflect can be used to accurately divide and compare strata.Milankovitch cycles recorded in strata enrich the stratigraphic theory,especially the theories of cycle stratigraphy,and thus they are widely used in geological survey engineering nowadays.This study explored the characteristics of the Milankovitch cycles recorded in the eastern depression of the North Yellow Sea Basin,highlighting their control over high-frequency stratigraphic sequences.The Eocene Milankovitch cycles in the depression were calculated based on the method proposed by J.Laskar,and their parameters primarily include eccentricity cycles of 125 ka and 99 ka,obliquity cycles of 51 ka and 39 ka,and precession cycles of 23 ka and 19 ka.Spectral analysis of gamma-ray(GR)and spontaneous potential(SP)log curves of the Eocene strata was carried out to divide and compare stratigraphic sequences,revealing that the spectral peaks correspond well to astronomical cycles.This indicates that the strata in the depression fully record Milankovitch cycles.Furthermore,there are long-,medium-,and short-term stratigraphic cycles in the eastern depression,with a thickness of 13.03-15.89 m,3.70-5.21 m,and 2.17-2.94 m,respectively.The sedimentation rates of the Eocene strata were calculated to be 121.2-127.12 m/Ma accordingly.From the uplift to the center of the lacustrine basin along the slope in the eastern depression,both the sedimentation duration and the sediment thickness increase,while the sedimentation rate remains relatively stable.The Eocene strata can be divided into six stages of high-frequency sequences by continuous wavelet transformation,namely E_(6)-E_(1) from bottom to top.The sedimentation duration and sedimentation rates of the sequences were calculated using spectral analysis with each of the sequences as a separate window.Moreover,the impacts of climate change on the sedimentary environment in the eastern depression were analyzed.It can be concluded that E_(6) was a lowstand system tract,E_(5) and E_(4) were lacustrine expansion system tracts,E_(3) was a highstand system tract,and E_(2) and E_(1) were lacustrine contraction system tracts.All these verify that Milankovitch cycles serve as an effective approach for the analysis of sedimentary cycles.

Astronomical forcing of sedimentary cycles of Late Eocene Liushagang Formation in the Bailian Sag, Fushan Depression, Beibuwan Basin, South China Sea

Sediments in the Liushagang Formation of Late Eocene form a group of key hydrocarbon play fairways in the Beibuwan Basin,South China Sea.As an important reservoir-forming combination,the Liushagang Formation consists of deltaic siliciclastic and show clear sedimentary cyclicity.According to paleontology research and stratigraphic correlation,the boundary between Liushagang Formation(Els)and Weizhou Formation(Ewz)is regarded as the Eocene-Oligocene boundary.The oxygen isotope dating for well cores from the top of the first Member of Liushagang Formation(Els1)and the bottom of the third Member of Weizhou Formation(Ewz3)give an isochron age of 35.2 Ma.Here,we use GR logging data as a paleoenvironmental proxy to conduct a detailed cyclostratigraphic study of the Els1 in the Bailian Sag,Fushan Depression.Power spectra,evolutionary fast Fourier transformation and wavelet analysis all reveal significant sedimentary cycles in Els1.The ratios of cycle wavelengths in these stratigraphic units are 21?5?2.8?1.2?1,and are interpreted as Milankovitch cycles of 400 ka and 96 ka eccentricity,52 ka obliquity,22ka and 19 ka precession cycles,respectively.An astronomical time scale is established by tuning filtered 96 ka eccentricity cycles to a target curve of Well L2 in the Bailian Sag.Based on regional stratigraphic framework,combined with seismic,cores and logging data,the HST of the first member of the Liushagang Formation(Els1)delta in Well L2 was divided into six parasequence sets named Ps1-Ps6.According to the spectrum analysis by Simple Lomb periodogram from PAST program packages,the sediment accumulation rate of each parasequence sets first increased and then decreased as time went by.The sediment accumulation rate of Ps4 reached the maximum(0.127 m/ka)during the most prosperous period of delta prograding.Finally,the duration of each period of parasequence sets and more accurate geological age were calculated on the basis of sediment accumulation rate.The ages of each depth are precisely estimated and provide new constraints on the Late Eocene.

Astronomical Cycles of the Late Permian Lopingian in South China and Their Implications for Third-Order Sea-Level Change

The late Permian(Lopingian)was a crucial climate transition period from the late Paleozoic Ice Age to the early Triassic of exceptionally high temperatures.However,the origins of the third-order sea-level changes during the Lopingian Epoch remain unclear.Here,we presented astronomically calibrated gamma-ray(GR)log and non-U GR(computed gamma ray or CGR)curves from the clastic and carbonate successions of well GFD-1 in the Pingle Depression of South China for studying the sea-level oscillations during the Lopingian.Spectral analyses of the 405 kyr-calibrated GR and CGR time data revealed periodicities close to about 405,about 100,about 44.2,about 35.1,about 21,and about 17.5 kyr,supporting the existence of Milankovitch forcing in the sedimentary records.A high-resolution astronomical time scale and high-resolution sedimentation rate curve of the Lopingian from well GFD-1 were constructed by cyclostratigraphic analysis.The eccentricity and obliquity amplitude modulation cycles suggested long periodicities of about 2.4 and about 1.2 myr,respectively.In the Wuchiapingian greenhouse of the Lopingian,the about 2.4 myr eccentricity oscillation controlled‘weak’glacio-eustasy and/or aquifer eustatic changes related to the global third-order sea-level changes and that a lowstand(W2)was initiated by an eccentricity oscillation minimum.In contrast,during the Changhsingian,which exhibited a cooling event,an about 1.2 myr obliquity cycle was probably strong,with the sea-level records highlighting the link between the‘icehouse’sea-level lowering(C2 and C1)and the obliquity nodes.Moreover,dynamic sedimentary noise model as an indicator of sea-level showed local third-order sea-level variations,the coevolution trends in the orbital power,global and local sea-level changes,and sedimentation rate had significant implications for establishing the global nature and synchronicity of these million-year-scale eustatic records and reconstructing the temporal depositional history at a regional scale.In addition,the volcanism and tectonism that continued into the early-middle Wuchiapingian probably led to a series of climate changes that drove the hydrological cycles not paced by the Milankovitch cycles.

Breeding and Simple-rapid Regeneration Protocol for Jisheng 1 with Glandless Trait and High-frequency Somatic Embryo Production Ability

Most of model cotton varieties used in tissue culture have glands on both the reproductive and vegetative parts of the plant.These glands contain compounds that are toxic to human and non-ruminant animals.The presence of these compounds limits their usage as food and feed.To obtain a glandless cotton variety with high-frequency somatic embryo production ability,27 glandless varieties

基于天文周期等时格架预测细粒沉积岩相展布——以鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系长7段为例

预测陆相不同类型岩相厚度分布是陆相页岩油富集区带优选评价的基础工作,以此开展的不同类型岩相含油条件、储集条件以及可动条件的研究,对靶区优选和水平井段方向部署有着重要的作用。以岩心观察与测井判识为基础,开展测井资料的频谱分析,引入稳定的天文轨道时间周期,进行时空调谐,建立钻井对比的高频层序等时格架,定量计算每个层序旋回内不同类型岩相厚度的平面变化趋势,认识岩相展布规律。针对鄂尔多斯盆地南部富县地区三叠系延长组7段的研究表明,自然伽马测井曲线包括了若干组天文周期信息,其中可以识别出6个完整的稳定405 kyr长偏心率天文周期旋回,以R203井长7段全岩心段观察和测井相特征分析为基础,合理建立高频等时格架进行井间对比。结果表明,泥页岩和纹层页岩主要发育长7_(3)亚段到长7_(2)亚段的底部旋回地层,细砂岩、粉砂岩在长7_(2)亚段中上部到长7_(1)亚段底部的Ⅳ—Ⅴ旋回地层中最为发育;井间横向对比表明,早期旋回的泥页岩和纹层页岩岩相广泛分布,旋回Ⅰ时期主要分布在研究区西南部,旋回Ⅱ时期分布在西部和东—东北部,中部地区局部较厚,而Ⅳ—Ⅴ旋回地层的细砂岩厚度分布由北东—南西的沉积体系控制,平面上呈北—北东往南—南西展布,往西南延伸到ZF27—ZF32井一线,形成了长7段3种源储组合类型。其中纹层页岩与细砂岩岩相配置组合为长7_(3)亚段中上部与长7_(2)亚段中上部—长7_(1)亚段下部层系组合,平面上主要分布在富县地区的中部—北、北东部;页岩岩相厚度发育较好的为长7_(3)亚段,平面上主要分布在富县地区的北东—东部、西南部区域。

吐哈盆地胜北洼陷中下侏罗统水西沟群天文旋回地层划分

根据自然伽马测井数据,对吐哈盆地胜北洼陷沁探1井中下侏罗统水西沟群开展旋回地层学分析和沉积噪声模拟,并利用识别出的地层中的米兰科维奇旋回信号来研究地球轨道周期对湖平面变化的驱动作用,进而进行天文旋回地层划分。研究结果表明:①吐哈盆地胜北洼陷中下侏罗统水西沟群在自然伽马曲线中可识别出12.8~51.1 m,3.0~11.9 m,1.1~3.6 m和1.3~2.4 m的沉积旋回,比例关系为21.0∶5.0∶1.5∶1.0。根据天文调谐与相关系数估算出水西沟群沉积速率为3.3~11.7 cm·ka-1。②天文调谐后的时间域序列显示水西沟群长偏心率周期为405 ka、短偏心率周期为99~131 ka、斜率周期为32.6~35.0 ka、岁差周期为20.0~24.8 ka,证明吐哈盆地中下侏罗统沉积过程受到米兰科维奇旋回控制。沁探1井八道湾组(未钻穿)、三工河组和西山窑组的持续时间分别为3.0±0.1 Ma,4.1±0.1 Ma和9.0±0.1 Ma。③地球轨道旋回对陆相湖盆的湖平面升降具有明显的驱动作用,沁探1井水西沟群的沉积噪声模拟证明了~1.5 Ma超长周期可控制台北凹陷早—中侏罗世湖平面的变化。

基于米氏旋回的页岩高频层序划分与页岩有机质富集模式—以松辽盆地梨树断陷北斜坡营城组为例

松辽盆地梨树断陷营城组页岩气具有巨大的勘探开发前景。与此同时,针对页岩层段的高频层序划分逐渐成为研究热点。但传统层序地层学难以针对页岩层系划分层序,页岩层系的有机质富集模式认识不清,对页岩油气的勘探开发造成阻碍。利用旋回地层学方法可在页岩层系中划分高频层序,还可基于米氏旋回探究页岩有机质的富集模式,是预测甜点层的有利手段。通过对研究区营城组的自然伽马数据进行天文旋回分析,得出以下结论:(1)SN65井营城组较好保存了米氏旋回信号,并以长、短偏心率作为四级、五级层序的参考曲线,划分了14个四级层序与51个五级层序,建立了研究区高精度等时地层格架。(2)梨树断陷北斜坡营城组页岩有机质富集受控于天文旋回,且二者互为反相位,即长偏心率高值时期,气候暖湿,对应总有机碳(TOC)低值;长偏心率低值,气候干冷,对应TOC高值。(3)建立暖湿与干冷两种页岩沉积模式。通过引入温跃层溶解氧最小值段(MOM)的概念,证明干冷环境有利于页岩有机质富集。(4)以长偏心率旋回曲线的半幅点为界,划分4个富有机质页岩层段和3个含有机质页岩层段。优质页岩层段发育于各个层序的顶部和底部,而不是最大湖泛面。浅水环境对富有机质页岩发育有利。研究成果不仅为松辽盆地梨树断陷页岩气甜点预测提供理论支撑,也为其他湖相盆地的有机质富集模式提供参考依据。

高分辨率地层学与Milankovitch旋回和ENSO事件沉积

围绕地质时间坐标的建立和优化，地层学经历了三次重要革命，形成了三种有代表性的地层学形态：斯坦诺地层学（１６６９年）、史密斯地层学（１８１７年）和高分辨率地层学（１９６９年）。高分辨率地层学的显著特色是划分、对比出的主体地层单元的持续时间必须小于百万年级。十万年级至千年级高分辨率地层划分对比和高分辨率地质时间坐标的建立可望通过对地层记录中Ｍｉ－ｌａｎｋｏｖｉｔｃｈ旋回和ＥＮＳＯ事件沉积的高分辨率地层学研究实现。

测井曲线Milankovitch周期分析与应用

利用沿井剖面滑动时窗内的ＦＦＴ和最大熵谱估计算法，选择合适的滤波器、窗长和步长，从测井曲线中分析出了Ｍｉｌａｎｋｏｖｉｔｃｈ周期．研究了波长比，谱峰等特征与周期的关系，确定出沉积速率的渐变与突变，求出了沉积速率，经分析，与岩性结果相符合．

奈曼凹陷九上段米氏旋回识别与地质响应

奈曼凹陷九佛堂组上段有着巨大的油气资源前景,由于其沉积岩粒度小、层序界面识别不清等难点,制约了油气勘探推进和烃源岩预测。以奈曼凹陷奈17井为例,对九佛堂组上段自然伽马测井数据进行频谱分析和滤波处理来开展旋回地层学分析。结果显示,该套地层保存完好的米兰科维奇旋回,将长偏心率、短偏心率、斜率的滤波曲线分别作为四、五、六级层序划分的参考曲线,划分出17个四级层序、55个五级层序和138个六级层序,地层沉积主要受控于405 ka长偏心率旋回。结合405 ka滤波曲线和对应深度,对九上段顶部和底部的沉积速率进行计算,沉积速率符合地层属性切片的沉积响应,验证了研究区层序划分的科学性,也为该区细粒层序地层学研究和高频层序划分提供参考。

Extensive carbon cycle between peatland and vegetation:Insights from high net primary productivity of the Middle Jurassic in northwestern China

Peatlands have obvious carbon storage capacity and are crucial in mitigating global climate change.As the end-product of peatlands,coals have preserved a large amount of palaeoenvironmental information.The carbon accumulation rate and the net primary productivity(NPP)of coal-forming peatlands can be used as proxies for recovering palaeoenvironments.A super-thick coal seam(42°35'N,91°25'E)was developed in the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation in the Shaerhu coalfield in the southern margin of the Tuha(Turpan-Hami)Basin,northwestern China.In this study,we use the time series analysis to identify the periods of Milankovitch orbital cycles in the Gamma-ray curve of this super-thick(124.85 m)coal and then use the obtained cycle periods of 405 ka,173 ka,44 ka,37.6 ka,22.5 ka to calculate the timeframe of the coalforming peatlands which ranges from 2703.44 to 2975.11 ka.Considering that the carbon content of the coal seam is 78.32%and the carbon loss during the coalification is about 25.80%,the carbon accumulation rate of the targeted coal seam is estimated to be 58.47-64.34 g C/m^(2)·a,and the NPP is estimated to be252.28-277.63 g C/m^(2)·a.The main palaeoenvironmental factors controlling the NPP of peatlands are CO_2content,palaeolatitude and palaeotemperature.The reduced NPP values of the palaeo-peatlands in the Shaerhu coalfield can be attributed to the mid-palaeolatitude and/or too low atmospheric CO_2contents.To a certain extent,the NPP of palaeo-peatlands reflects the changes in atmospheric CO_2,which can further reveal the dynamic response of the global carbon cycle to climate change.Therefore,predicting the level of NPP in the Middle Jurassic and studying the final destination of carbon in the ecosystem are beneficial to understanding the coal-forming process and palaeoenvironment.