Noise and vibration measurements in a Viking military vehicle

Noise and whole-body vibration measurements were made in a Viking military vehicle to determine the variation that should be expected during repeat measures,the effect of speed(up to 60 km/h in 5 km/h increments),and during travel over different types of terrain(comprising concrete road,gravel track and rough cross-country).Measurements were made at various crew positions(including the driver and commander)in both the front and the rear cabs in the vehicles.Three translational axes of vibration were measured in each seat.Two speeds were investigated over road(35 km/h and 55e60 km/h)and gravel(20 km/h and 35 km/h)surfaces.The effect of varying speed of the vehicle on the measured noise and vibration magnitudes was also investigated.The highest sound pressure level(LAeq)of 104 dB(A)was measured at the commander’s standing position during travel over concrete road at 55 km/h.Higher noise levels occurred for a standing commander compared with when sitting on the seat.A maximum single axis frequency-weighted vibration magnitude of 1.0 m/s^(2) r.m.s.was measured on the driver’s seat during travel over track at 35 km/h.Higher vibration magnitudes occurred during travel over track compared with travel over road.Both noise and vibration exposure of crew within the Viking vehicle increased with increasing speed of the vehicle.

Hopf Bifurcation Analysis and Control for Electrical System of Military Vehicle

Electrical system of military vehicle is a typical parameterized nonlinear system where complicated bifurcations may exist and threaten its safe and stable operation. An algebraic criterion for Hopf bifurcation is presented briefly and applied to find Hopf bifurcation point of the electrical system with automatic voltage regulator(AVR) dynamics in military vehicle. Hopf bifurcation controllers are designed for this electrical system by using wash-out filter,linear feedback,nonlinear feedback and their combination. The linear feedback control makes the system bring Hopf bifurcation at preferable parameter,the nonlinear feedback control modifies the type of the bifurcation,and the wash-out filter enhances the system damping,thus,the Hopf bifurcation is eliminated and the electrical system stability is ensured. Simulation results show the controller's validity.

Technology Development of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs)

In recent years, the weapon systems have been changing drastically because of the advancement of science technology and the change of military concept of combat. There is an unmanned system at the center of all those changes. Especially, in case of maritime environment, as the center stage of combat has changed from ocean to coastal areas, it is difficult for the existing naval forces to effectively operate in shallow waters. Therefore, unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) are being required at an increasing pace. In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of already developed UUVs, which are the key unmanned system of the marine battlefield environment in the future. Through the analysis of development cases and the investigation of the essential technologies, the critical design issues of UUVs are elaborated. We also suggest the future directions of the UUV technologies based on the case analysis.

Analysis of Design Directions for Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs)

In recent years, because of the development of marine military science technology, there is a growing interest in the unmanned systems throughout the world. Also, the demand of Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) which can be autonomously operated without the operator intervention is increasing dramatically. The growing interests lie in the facts that those USVs can be manufactured at much lower costs, and can be operated without the human fatigue, while can be sent to the hostile or quite dangerous areas that are inherently unhealthy for human operators. The utilization and the deployment of such vessels will continue to grow in the future. In this paper, along with the technological development of unmanned surface vehicles, we investigate and analyze the cases of already developed platforms and identify the trends of the technological advances. Additionally, we suggest the future directions of development.

Study on Modeling and Control Strategy for Electric Drive Motor of Tracked Vehicles

Aimed at the requirements for electric transmission system of a military tracked vehicle, the motor's design indexes were analysed and calculated. A model based on saturate inductance parameter of interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor was brought forward by using finite element analysis. And its control strategy based on the largest running capability was studied also. The experiment results for a scale model show that the modelling method improves the model's accuracy, and the motor's control strategy is effective.

基于光纤光栅“活塞式”封装的军用车辆振动传感研究

提出一种基于光纤光栅(fiber bragg grating,FBG)“活塞式”封装的军用车辆高可靠性振动传感器。FBG和圆柱体振子连接,并固定于圆柱体外壳的上下底面。圆柱体振子直径略小于圆柱体外壳内径,在外界振动信号激励下,振子带动FBG在圆柱体外壳内做“活塞式”往复运动,进而对FBG轴向应变产生调制。基于“活塞式”封装方式,振子被约束于外壳内,提高了传感器机械稳定性,避免了其他方向振动导致的测量误差。实验结果显示,传感器在0.1~0.7 g的振动加速度范围内的灵敏度为48.2 pm/g。公路路况车载试验下的振动信号较为平稳,最大加速度为±0.2g。河床路况车载试验下的振动信号成分更为复杂,最大振动加速度约为±0.4g,不同路况车载试验及模拟射击冲击下的实验结果与路况环境相符。

考虑不同路面特征的军用履带车辆循环工况构建

为全面有效地评估车辆动力系统的燃油经济性,建立考虑不同路面特征的履带车辆循环工况。收集铺面路、砂石路和起伏土路3种路面的实车运行数据作为原始数据样本,并利用小波分析对数据进行滤波处理。基于处理后的实车数据,综合利用主成分分析法、K均值聚类和马尔可夫链构建3种路面下的典型循环工况,并对构建的工况进行相似度分析。研究结果表明:采用新方法能够有效地构建出符合军用履带车辆运行特点的循环工况,3种路面下循环工况的特征均与原始数据有极高的相似度;3种路面车速-加速度联合概率分布与原始数据的均方根误差分别为0.0356、0.0039和0.0196,新构建的工况能够有效反映履带车辆的真实运行情况。

土壤对军用越野车辆机动性能影响分析

在软地面上的机动性能是军用高机动性越野车辆的主要性能之一,对于其野外作业有重要的战略意义。为了探究不同类型松软土壤地面路况对越野车辆机动性能的影响,基于离散元法对土壤进行建模,通过土壤堆积角测试试验以及土壤圆锥指数试验进行土壤刚度对标测试。通过DEM-MBD联合仿真方法,利用精确的土壤模型,对不可压缩干燥土壤、不可压缩湿润土壤、可压缩干燥土壤、可压缩湿润土壤4种不同类型土壤进行仿真分析,通过对比越野车辆平均速度、牵引力、驱动扭矩、轮胎沉陷量,探究土壤类型对越野车辆机动性能的影响。越野车在湿润土壤上比在干燥土壤上牵引力减少了6.98%,在不可压缩土壤上的稳定行驶速度比在可压缩土壤上稳定行驶速度高34.2%,在湿润的土壤路面上速度更加稳定。研究成果弥补了国内车辆地面力学领域土壤对整车机动性影响的空白,可为军车野外复杂地形(如沙地、雪地、泥泞等)作战时选择最优的行驶路面,提高作战效率。

军用混合动力汽车应用及展望

通过文献综述总结了军用混合动力汽车的优势,对比分析了国内外先进的军用混合动力汽车的性能和特点,梳理出现有军用混合动力汽车所具有的共性问题是:电池的安全性无法保障、电动机寿命易受恶劣环境影响较、成本较高。对军用混合动力汽车的发展趋势进行展望,研究表明:未来军用混合动力汽车性能更均衡、串联式构型加电动轮驱动是未来发展趋势、无人地面车辆将会在未来军事领域发挥重要作用。

军用车辆太阳辐射热效应模拟试验室设计

通过研究太阳辐射国内外相关试验测试标准,对比了不同标准中太阳辐射热效应试验温度、辐照度等指标要求,作为太阳辐射热效应模拟试验室的设计输入条件。针对军用车辆的特点,设计了太阳辐射热效应模拟试验室,该试验室可满足大尺寸军用车辆五面照射的试验需要,通过灯阵设计仿真与验证,试验室辐照度均匀度在10%以内。结合温度控制和太阳模拟系统联合控制,实现了太阳辐射日循环环境模拟,并结合A1干热地区指标要求进行了试验验证。通过试验测试表明,太阳辐射热效应模拟试验室均匀度和允差范围满足GJB 150.7A的设备要求,对军用车辆的太阳辐射热效应试验室设计具有参考价值。

无人机航拍军事车辆实时检测及定位算法

针对地面高价值军事车辆难以实时观测定位的问题,提出无人机航拍军事车辆实时检测及定位算法。创建真实作战场景下的多类型多尺度航拍军事车辆目标检测数据集Armed_vehicle;在轻量级神经网络模型YOLOX-Tiny中引入大卷积核注意力模块,采用边框回归函数,达到85.82%的检测准确率,且在检测速率上具有优势;创新性地提出一种基于无人机可见光图像的单目视觉定位算法,在百米飞行高度上的目标平均定位误差为3.69 m,表明所提算法能准确地获取地面目标的地理位置,具有良好的综合性能与应用前景。

电喷发动机故障诊断与维修技术研究

为了提高发动机的维修质量,本文提出了发动机故障诊断方法研究,提出了发动机故障维修技术研究,通过传感器技术实时监测发动机的各种运行参数,随后,利用小波变换与分形理论对这些参数进行处理和分析,有效地提取出故障特征。通过计算振动信号的分形维数和盒维数,开发了基于离散小波变换(DWT)的故障诊断算法,通过对比实际运行数据与标准值或模型预测值,迅速准确地判断出发动机的故障类型和位置。

国外军用UUV发展现状与趋势

作为海洋无人化体系战争中重要的一员,水下无人潜航器(UUV)具有机动性好、隐蔽性强和智能度高等优点,被广泛应用于情报侦查、鱼雷反制以及反潜作战等军事任务中,军用UUV成为各国军事装备争相研制的热点装备之一。文章主要论述军用UUV的发展现状、系统组成以及关键技术,并从扩大军用UUV的应用范围和提高作战效能等方面分析其发展趋势。

Cradle of Chinese Military Vehicle——Shaanxi Automobile Works

In the military parade held for celebrating the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China, which attracted worldwide attention, 68 heavy military vehi-cles of SX2150 and SX2190 series towing heavy weapons including missiles, etc., passed the Tian An Men square, making a show of force of Chinese defense equipment. These vehicles are produced by Shaanxi Au-

混合动力技术在军用汽车上的应用

以BJ212军用轻型越野车为例,对其改为混合动力后的驱动型式、动力总成参数的确定以及性能预测等方面进行了初步探讨。结果表明,改变后的越野车易于实现纯电动行驶和停车发电的功能,更能适应野战部队的需要。与原车相比,最高车速提高30%,最大爬坡度提高34%,油耗降低30%,同时能在纯电动模式下以50km/h的速度行驶33.7km。

军用车辆传动系零件载荷谱的建立

研究建立军用车辆传动系的全寿命设计谱和试验载荷谱。采用雨流法对实车测得的载荷时间历程进行二维统计处理 ,建立并检验载荷幅值与均值的二维分布函数 ,结合军用车辆传动系零部件的载荷特点 ,对车辆多工况全寿命载荷谱进行合成 ,得到可供军用车辆传动系零部件疲劳设计和试验用的设计谱与试验谱。

轻型军用静液传动车辆的模糊控制

对具有非线性和时变负载性的轻型军用车辆的静液传动系统进行了模糊控制的试验研究,并与常规数字PID控制的试验结果进行了对比。试验结果表明:模糊控制比常规数字PID控制更适合于军用静液传动车辆的控制。本试验为提高静液传动系统的控制特性提供了参考,有助于静液传动系统在轻型军用车辆上的开发和应用。

伤员后送无人机的研究现状与发展趋势

目的 :探索无人机技术在灾害救援中伤员后送方面的应用。方法 :阐述无人机在灾害医学救援中伤员后送方面的研究现状,重点介绍多款国内外设计和研制的伤员后送无人机。根据动力结构不同,将其分为常规旋翼式、多旋翼式、涵道风扇式和复合式等类型,并对其负载能力和飞行速度等性能进行了分析。结果:归纳和总结了伤员后送无人机的优势及其发展过程中存在的问题和技术难点,并对其发展前景进行了展望。结论:立足于需求,专注于实用,打造高安全性、高可靠性和高实用性的伤员后送无人机是今后的发展方向。

国内外无人艇发展现状及典型作战应用研究

USV具有体积小、成本低、高速智能、雷达反射面积小、无人员伤亡等优势,并且部署机动,被公认为是一种作战用途广泛的新型武装力量,越来越受到各国海军的重视。无人艇平台、母舰指挥系统、布放与回收装置、测控与信息传输系统以及搭载的任务载荷设备统称为无人艇系统。通过对无人艇的特点、使命任务、典型作战应用以及国内外军用USV的发展现状进行综合研究分析,并提出了我国无人艇系统的发展建议。

多用途军用方舱和轿式改装车的电磁脉冲加固设计

强电磁脉冲能量会通过车体辐射、管线传导及孔缝耦合等多种方式传导到导弹武器电子装备承载车辆内部,对承载的电子装备和电气设备产生干扰和毁伤。分析了电磁脉冲对武器系统电子装备屏蔽体的耦合过程,进行了屏蔽效能的估算,对加固总体方案、组装工艺、箱体加固材料、下料精度、方舱缝隙密闭性、电连接性、截止波导及屏蔽涂料处理技术等关键部位设计进行加固和改进,针对某导弹武器系统中使用的多用途军用方舱和轿式改装车进行加固技改,并通过试验验证定型状态的轿式改装车设备舱已达到屏蔽性能不小于80dB,为发展新一代导弹武器系统提供了理论基础和实践经验。