Milne is universally recognized as a prominent writer of children’s literature due to his successful creation of such car⁃toon characters as Winnie-the-Pooh,the bouncy Tigger and the gloomy Eeyore.What is less known ...Milne is universally recognized as a prominent writer of children’s literature due to his successful creation of such car⁃toon characters as Winnie-the-Pooh,the bouncy Tigger and the gloomy Eeyore.What is less known to the world,however,is that he also excels in other types of writing.Here,we are to take one of his early essays A Village Celebration for an example and see how he manages to draw a quick sketch of various characters in less than 2,000 words.展开更多
DEAR EDITOR,A new species of the genus Typhlomys Milne-Edwards,1877(Rodentia:Platacanthomyidae)is described based on 10 specimens collected from Chongqing in southwestern China using integrated taxonomy.Phylogenetic a...DEAR EDITOR,A new species of the genus Typhlomys Milne-Edwards,1877(Rodentia:Platacanthomyidae)is described based on 10 specimens collected from Chongqing in southwestern China using integrated taxonomy.Phylogenetic analysis showed that these specimens formed a distinct sister clade to T.daloushanensis Wang and Li,1996.展开更多
In this paper, the radial temperature distributions of the blown CO2 arcs in a model gas circuit breaker were investigated by optical emission spectroscopy methods. The CO2 flows with different flow rates(50, 100 and ...In this paper, the radial temperature distributions of the blown CO2 arcs in a model gas circuit breaker were investigated by optical emission spectroscopy methods. The CO2 flows with different flow rates(50, 100 and 150 1 min^-1) were created to axially blow the arcs burning in a polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) nozzle. Discharges with different arc currents(200 and 400A) were conducted in the experiment. The absolute intensity method was applied for a carbon ionic line of 657.8 nm to obtain the radial temperature profiles of the arc columns at a cross-section 1 mm above the nozzle. The calibration for the intensity of the CⅡ 657.8 nm line was achieved by the Fowler–Milne method with the help of an oxygen atomic line of 777.2 nm.The highest temperature obtained in the arc center was up to 19 900 K when the arc current was 400 A and the CO2 flow rate was 50 1 min^-1, while the lowest temperature in the arc center was about 15 900 K when the arc current was 200 A and the CO2 flow rate was 150 1min^-1. The results indicate that as the arc current increases, the temperature in the arc center would also increase apparently, and a larger gas flow rate would lead to a lower central temperature in general. It can also be found that the influence of the CO2 flow rate on the arc temperature was much less than that of the arc current under the present experimental conditions. In addition,higher temperature in the arc center would cause a sharper temperature decrease from the central region towards the edge.展开更多
Realistic FLRW cosmic coasting models which contain matter now appear to be a reasonable alternative in explaining the accumulated Supernova Cosmology Project data since 1998. In sharp contrast to the unrealistic orig...Realistic FLRW cosmic coasting models which contain matter now appear to be a reasonable alternative in explaining the accumulated Supernova Cosmology Project data since 1998. In sharp contrast to the unrealistic original classic Milne universe, which was entirely devoid of matter, these modified Milne-type models containing matter, often referred to as realistic linear Rh = ct models, have rapidly become the primary competition with standard cosmology. This paper compares the expected relative luminosity distances and relative angular diameter distances for given magnitudes of redshift within these two competing models. A simple ratio formula is derived, which explains how expected luminosity distances and angular diameter distances for given magnitudes of redshift within a realistic Milne-type cosmic expansion could create the illusion (for standard model proponents) of cosmic acceleration where none exists.展开更多
Cosmologists have long ignored a stipulation by quantum field theorists that the vacuum pressure p corresponding to the zero-state vacuum energy must always be equal in magnitude to the vacuum energy density ρ...Cosmologists have long ignored a stipulation by quantum field theorists that the vacuum pressure p corresponding to the zero-state vacuum energy must always be equal in magnitude to the vacuum energy density ρ(i.e., p=ρ). Although general relativity stipulates the additional condition of proportionality between the vacuum gravitational field and (ρ+3p), the equation of state for the cosmic vacuum must fulfill both relativistic and quantum stipulations. This paper fully integrates Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) into the Friedmann equations containing a cosmological term, with interesting implications for the nature of dark energy, cosmic entropy and the entropic arrow of time. The FSC vacuum energy density is shown to be equal to the cosmic fluid bulk modulus at all times, thus meeting the quantum theory stipulation of (p=ρ). To date, FSC is the only viable dark energy cosmological model which has fully-integrated general relativity and quantum features.展开更多
In the early 19th century,Robert Morrison and William Milne,the first Protestant missionaries to China,commenced The Ultra-Ganges Missions,formally kicking off the Protestant missions in China and Southeast Asia.The U...In the early 19th century,Robert Morrison and William Milne,the first Protestant missionaries to China,commenced The Ultra-Ganges Missions,formally kicking off the Protestant missions in China and Southeast Asia.The Ultra-Ganges Missions not only marked a major milestone for the early missionary works of Protestantism,but also fueled the rise of Chinese modern press with its China-oriented periodicals such as The Chinese Monthly Magazine and The Indo-Chinese Gleaner.Based on the history of Protestantism in the 18th and 19th centuries,this article examines the origin of The Ultra-Ganges Missions and its periodical publication,in order to provide reference to the studies of Chinese Protestantism and China’s periodical press.展开更多
Since the large-number hypothesis was proposed by Dirac in 1937, a number of comsology models with a varying constant of gravitation have been suggested, but most of them met with difficulties in varying degrees. Espe...Since the large-number hypothesis was proposed by Dirac in 1937, a number of comsology models with a varying constant of gravitation have been suggested, but most of them met with difficulties in varying degrees. Especially, except the Canuto et al. scalar covariant theory, they can not explain the contradictions between Einstein’s general relativity and Dirac cosmology. But unfortunately,展开更多
Consider neutron transport equations in 3D convex domains with in-flow boundary.We mainly study the asymptotic limits as the Knudsen number→0^(+).Using Hilbert expansion,we rigorously justify that the solution of ste...Consider neutron transport equations in 3D convex domains with in-flow boundary.We mainly study the asymptotic limits as the Knudsen number→0^(+).Using Hilbert expansion,we rigorously justify that the solution of steady problem converges to that of Laplace’s equation,and the solution of unsteady problem converges to that of heat equation.This is the most difficult case of a long-term project on asymptotic analysis of kinetic equations in bounded domains.The proof relies on a detailed analysis on the boundary layer effect with geometric correction.The upshot of this paper is a novel boundary layer decomposition argument in 3D and L^(2)−L^(2m)−L^(∞)bootstrapping method for time-dependent problem.展开更多
文摘Milne is universally recognized as a prominent writer of children’s literature due to his successful creation of such car⁃toon characters as Winnie-the-Pooh,the bouncy Tigger and the gloomy Eeyore.What is less known to the world,however,is that he also excels in other types of writing.Here,we are to take one of his early essays A Village Celebration for an example and see how he manages to draw a quick sketch of various characters in less than 2,000 words.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970399,32070424,32001223)。
文摘DEAR EDITOR,A new species of the genus Typhlomys Milne-Edwards,1877(Rodentia:Platacanthomyidae)is described based on 10 specimens collected from Chongqing in southwestern China using integrated taxonomy.Phylogenetic analysis showed that these specimens formed a distinct sister clade to T.daloushanensis Wang and Li,1996.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51577145, 51707144 and 51877165)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (No. 2018ZDXM-GY-112)the State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment (No. EIPE19302)
文摘In this paper, the radial temperature distributions of the blown CO2 arcs in a model gas circuit breaker were investigated by optical emission spectroscopy methods. The CO2 flows with different flow rates(50, 100 and 150 1 min^-1) were created to axially blow the arcs burning in a polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) nozzle. Discharges with different arc currents(200 and 400A) were conducted in the experiment. The absolute intensity method was applied for a carbon ionic line of 657.8 nm to obtain the radial temperature profiles of the arc columns at a cross-section 1 mm above the nozzle. The calibration for the intensity of the CⅡ 657.8 nm line was achieved by the Fowler–Milne method with the help of an oxygen atomic line of 777.2 nm.The highest temperature obtained in the arc center was up to 19 900 K when the arc current was 400 A and the CO2 flow rate was 50 1 min^-1, while the lowest temperature in the arc center was about 15 900 K when the arc current was 200 A and the CO2 flow rate was 150 1min^-1. The results indicate that as the arc current increases, the temperature in the arc center would also increase apparently, and a larger gas flow rate would lead to a lower central temperature in general. It can also be found that the influence of the CO2 flow rate on the arc temperature was much less than that of the arc current under the present experimental conditions. In addition,higher temperature in the arc center would cause a sharper temperature decrease from the central region towards the edge.
文摘Realistic FLRW cosmic coasting models which contain matter now appear to be a reasonable alternative in explaining the accumulated Supernova Cosmology Project data since 1998. In sharp contrast to the unrealistic original classic Milne universe, which was entirely devoid of matter, these modified Milne-type models containing matter, often referred to as realistic linear Rh = ct models, have rapidly become the primary competition with standard cosmology. This paper compares the expected relative luminosity distances and relative angular diameter distances for given magnitudes of redshift within these two competing models. A simple ratio formula is derived, which explains how expected luminosity distances and angular diameter distances for given magnitudes of redshift within a realistic Milne-type cosmic expansion could create the illusion (for standard model proponents) of cosmic acceleration where none exists.
文摘Cosmologists have long ignored a stipulation by quantum field theorists that the vacuum pressure p corresponding to the zero-state vacuum energy must always be equal in magnitude to the vacuum energy density ρ(i.e., p=ρ). Although general relativity stipulates the additional condition of proportionality between the vacuum gravitational field and (ρ+3p), the equation of state for the cosmic vacuum must fulfill both relativistic and quantum stipulations. This paper fully integrates Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) into the Friedmann equations containing a cosmological term, with interesting implications for the nature of dark energy, cosmic entropy and the entropic arrow of time. The FSC vacuum energy density is shown to be equal to the cosmic fluid bulk modulus at all times, thus meeting the quantum theory stipulation of (p=ρ). To date, FSC is the only viable dark energy cosmological model which has fully-integrated general relativity and quantum features.
文摘In the early 19th century,Robert Morrison and William Milne,the first Protestant missionaries to China,commenced The Ultra-Ganges Missions,formally kicking off the Protestant missions in China and Southeast Asia.The Ultra-Ganges Missions not only marked a major milestone for the early missionary works of Protestantism,but also fueled the rise of Chinese modern press with its China-oriented periodicals such as The Chinese Monthly Magazine and The Indo-Chinese Gleaner.Based on the history of Protestantism in the 18th and 19th centuries,this article examines the origin of The Ultra-Ganges Missions and its periodical publication,in order to provide reference to the studies of Chinese Protestantism and China’s periodical press.
文摘在课堂教学中,我们提到个体发育与系统发育的关系时,往往以甲壳动物为例。甲壳动物胚后发育的变态或简或繁,因种类而异。有的种类只有一个幼体时期,有的有二个幼体时期,也有多至三个、四个幼体时期的。普通的参考书只说明了一般甲壳动物的各种幼体,而没有说明某种甲壳动物究竟要经过那几个幼体时期,因此讲解时,不免张冠李戴。现在我们就选择一种最常见的甲壳动物,来谈谈牠的变态吧. 绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis H.
文摘Since the large-number hypothesis was proposed by Dirac in 1937, a number of comsology models with a varying constant of gravitation have been suggested, but most of them met with difficulties in varying degrees. Especially, except the Canuto et al. scalar covariant theory, they can not explain the contradictions between Einstein’s general relativity and Dirac cosmology. But unfortunately,
文摘Consider neutron transport equations in 3D convex domains with in-flow boundary.We mainly study the asymptotic limits as the Knudsen number→0^(+).Using Hilbert expansion,we rigorously justify that the solution of steady problem converges to that of Laplace’s equation,and the solution of unsteady problem converges to that of heat equation.This is the most difficult case of a long-term project on asymptotic analysis of kinetic equations in bounded domains.The proof relies on a detailed analysis on the boundary layer effect with geometric correction.The upshot of this paper is a novel boundary layer decomposition argument in 3D and L^(2)−L^(2m)−L^(∞)bootstrapping method for time-dependent problem.
