In this study, the local characteristics of pressure drop and heat transfer were investigated experimentally for carbon dioxide condensation in a multi-port extruded aluminum test section, which had 10 circular channe...In this study, the local characteristics of pressure drop and heat transfer were investigated experimentally for carbon dioxide condensation in a multi-port extruded aluminum test section, which had 10 circular channels each with 1.31 mm inner diameter. The CO2 was cooled with cooling water flow inside the copper blocks that were attached at both sides of the test section. The temperatures at the outer surface of the test section were measured with 24 K-type thermocouples embedded in the upper and lower surfaces along the length. Local heat fluxes were measured with 12 heat flux sensors to estimate the local enthalpies, temperatures and heat transfer coefficients. Bulk mean temperatures of CO2 at the inlet and outlet of the test section were measured with 2 K-type thermocouples. The measurements were performed for the pressure ranged from 6.48 to 7.3 MPa, inlet temperature of CO2 from 21.63 to 31.33℃, heat flux from 1.10 to 8.12 kW/m2, mass velocity from 123.2 to 315.2 kg/m2s, and vapor quality from 0 to 1. The results indicate that pressure drop is very small along the test section, heat transfer coefficient in the two-phase region is higher than that in the single-phase, and mass velocity has important effect on condensation heat transfer characteristics. In addition, experimental data were compared with previous correlations and large discrepancies were observed.展开更多
Heat transfer experiments were conducted to investigate the thermal performance of air cooling through mini-channel heat sink with various configurations. Two types of channels have been used, one has a rectangular cr...Heat transfer experiments were conducted to investigate the thermal performance of air cooling through mini-channel heat sink with various configurations. Two types of channels have been used, one has a rectangular cross section area of 5 × 18 mm2 and the other is triangular with dimension of 5 × 9 mm2. Four channels of each configuration have been etched on copper block of 40 mm width,30 mm height, and 200 mm length. The measurements were performed in steady state with air flow rates of 0.002 - 0.005 m3/s, heating powers of 80 - 200 W and channel base temperatures of 48°C, 51°C, 55°C and 60°C. The results showed that the heat transfer to air stream is increased with increasing both of air mass flow rate and channel base temperature. The rectangular channels have better thermal performance than trian- gular ones at the same conditions. Analytical fin approach of 1-D and 2-D model were used to predict the heat transfer rate and outlet air temperature from channels heat sink. Theoretical results have been compared with experimental data. The predicted values for outlet air temperatures using the two models agree well with a deviation less than ±10%. But for the heat transfer data, the deviation is about +30% to –60% for 1-D model, and –5% to –80% for 2-D model. The global Nusselt number of the present experimental data is empirically correlated as with accuracy of ±20% for and compared with other literature correlations.展开更多
针对二氧化碳作为制冷剂在微细通道内两相流沸腾换热进行了实验与理论研究,采用红外成像观测与传热系数实验研究,定量与定性地分析了热通量2~35 k W·m-2,饱和温度-10~10℃工况时,内径为1、2、3 mm圆管内的传热系数。实验结果表明...针对二氧化碳作为制冷剂在微细通道内两相流沸腾换热进行了实验与理论研究,采用红外成像观测与传热系数实验研究,定量与定性地分析了热通量2~35 k W·m-2,饱和温度-10~10℃工况时,内径为1、2、3 mm圆管内的传热系数。实验结果表明：当质量流率增加时干涸起始干度逐渐降低,当质量流率小于临界值时,干涸现象结束之后,传热系数随着质量流率增加基本维持不变,而当质量流率大于临界值时,干涸现象结束之后,随着质量流率增加传热系数相应增加;随着管径增加,干涸发生的质量流率越小,临界热通量越大,同时管径越小传热系数越高。展开更多
针对CO2作为制冷剂在微细通道内流动沸腾换热进行了实验与理论研究,采用红外成像观测与换热系数实验研究定量与定性的分析了热流密度：2-35 k W/m^2,饱和温度：-10-15℃工况时,内径为1 mm、2 mm圆管内的换热系数。实验结果表明：热流密...针对CO2作为制冷剂在微细通道内流动沸腾换热进行了实验与理论研究,采用红外成像观测与换热系数实验研究定量与定性的分析了热流密度：2-35 k W/m^2,饱和温度：-10-15℃工况时,内径为1 mm、2 mm圆管内的换热系数。实验结果表明：热流密度的增加强化了微细通道内工质核态沸腾换热,使换热系数得到显著提高;换热系数随饱和温度非单调变化,饱和温度较高时,越接近CO2临界温度其换热系数随饱和温度升高而增加,当饱和温度在低温工况时换热系数则随其降低而增加,换热过程中发生干涸干度随饱和温度升高而单调降低。展开更多
文摘In this study, the local characteristics of pressure drop and heat transfer were investigated experimentally for carbon dioxide condensation in a multi-port extruded aluminum test section, which had 10 circular channels each with 1.31 mm inner diameter. The CO2 was cooled with cooling water flow inside the copper blocks that were attached at both sides of the test section. The temperatures at the outer surface of the test section were measured with 24 K-type thermocouples embedded in the upper and lower surfaces along the length. Local heat fluxes were measured with 12 heat flux sensors to estimate the local enthalpies, temperatures and heat transfer coefficients. Bulk mean temperatures of CO2 at the inlet and outlet of the test section were measured with 2 K-type thermocouples. The measurements were performed for the pressure ranged from 6.48 to 7.3 MPa, inlet temperature of CO2 from 21.63 to 31.33℃, heat flux from 1.10 to 8.12 kW/m2, mass velocity from 123.2 to 315.2 kg/m2s, and vapor quality from 0 to 1. The results indicate that pressure drop is very small along the test section, heat transfer coefficient in the two-phase region is higher than that in the single-phase, and mass velocity has important effect on condensation heat transfer characteristics. In addition, experimental data were compared with previous correlations and large discrepancies were observed.
文摘Heat transfer experiments were conducted to investigate the thermal performance of air cooling through mini-channel heat sink with various configurations. Two types of channels have been used, one has a rectangular cross section area of 5 × 18 mm2 and the other is triangular with dimension of 5 × 9 mm2. Four channels of each configuration have been etched on copper block of 40 mm width,30 mm height, and 200 mm length. The measurements were performed in steady state with air flow rates of 0.002 - 0.005 m3/s, heating powers of 80 - 200 W and channel base temperatures of 48°C, 51°C, 55°C and 60°C. The results showed that the heat transfer to air stream is increased with increasing both of air mass flow rate and channel base temperature. The rectangular channels have better thermal performance than trian- gular ones at the same conditions. Analytical fin approach of 1-D and 2-D model were used to predict the heat transfer rate and outlet air temperature from channels heat sink. Theoretical results have been compared with experimental data. The predicted values for outlet air temperatures using the two models agree well with a deviation less than ±10%. But for the heat transfer data, the deviation is about +30% to –60% for 1-D model, and –5% to –80% for 2-D model. The global Nusselt number of the present experimental data is empirically correlated as with accuracy of ±20% for and compared with other literature correlations.
文摘针对二氧化碳作为制冷剂在微细通道内两相流沸腾换热进行了实验与理论研究,采用红外成像观测与传热系数实验研究,定量与定性地分析了热通量2~35 k W·m-2,饱和温度-10~10℃工况时,内径为1、2、3 mm圆管内的传热系数。实验结果表明：当质量流率增加时干涸起始干度逐渐降低,当质量流率小于临界值时,干涸现象结束之后,传热系数随着质量流率增加基本维持不变,而当质量流率大于临界值时,干涸现象结束之后,随着质量流率增加传热系数相应增加;随着管径增加,干涸发生的质量流率越小,临界热通量越大,同时管径越小传热系数越高。
文摘针对CO2作为制冷剂在微细通道内流动沸腾换热进行了实验与理论研究,采用红外成像观测与换热系数实验研究定量与定性的分析了热流密度：2-35 k W/m^2,饱和温度：-10-15℃工况时,内径为1 mm、2 mm圆管内的换热系数。实验结果表明：热流密度的增加强化了微细通道内工质核态沸腾换热,使换热系数得到显著提高;换热系数随饱和温度非单调变化,饱和温度较高时,越接近CO2临界温度其换热系数随饱和温度升高而增加,当饱和温度在低温工况时换热系数则随其降低而增加,换热过程中发生干涸干度随饱和温度升高而单调降低。
