Minimally invasive puncture and drainage or patients with hypertensive spontaneous basal ganglia intracerebral hemorrhage: A prospective non-randomized comparative study of 198 cases

Background: The treatment of hypertensive spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage(ICH) is still controversial. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether minimally invasive puncture and drainage(MIPD) could provide improved patient outcome compared with decompressive craniectomy(DC).Methods: Eligible, consecutive patients with ICH(≥30 ml, in basal ganglia, within 24 hours of ictus) were nonrandomly assigned to receive MIPD(group A) or to undergo DC(group B) hematoma evacuation. The primary outcome was death at 30 days after onset. Functional independence was assessed at 1 year using the Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS, scores range from 1 to 5, score 1 indicating death, ≥4 indicating functional independence, with lower scores indicating greater disability). Results: A total of 198 patients met the per protocol analysis(84 cases in group A and 114 cases in group B), including 9 cases lost during follow-up(2 cases in group A and 7 cases in group B). For these 9 patients, their last observed data were used as their final results for intention-to-treat analysis. The mean age of all patients was 57.1 years(range of 31-95 years), and 114 patients were male. The initial Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) score was 8.1±3.4, and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score was 20.8±5.3. The mean hematoma volume(HV) was 56.7±23.0 ml(range of 30-144 ml), and there was extended intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH) in 134 patients(67.7%). There were no significant intergroup differences in the above baseline data, except group A had a higher mean age(59.4±14.5years) than the mean age of group B(55.3±11.1 years, P=0.025). The total cumulative mortalities at 30 days and 1 year were 32.3% and 43.4%, respectively, and there were no significant differences between groups A and B(30 days: 27.4% vs. 36.0%, P=0.203; 1 year: 36.1% vs. 48.2%, P=0.112, respectively). However, the mortality for patients ≤60 years, NIHSS【15 or HV≤60 ml was significantly lower in group A than that in group B(all P【0.05). The total cumulative functional independence at 1 year was 26.8%, and the difference between group A(33/43, 39.3%) and group B(20/144, 17.5%) was significant(absolute difference 21.7%, odds ratio [OR] 0.329, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.171 to 0.631, P=0.001). For patient with severe IVH, the 30 days and 1 year mortality rates were significant lower in group B than those in group A(P=0.025, P=0.036). However, the number of favorable outcomes had no significant difference between groups at 1 year post ictus. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a favorable outcome after 1 year was associated with the difference in therapies(OR 0.280, 95% CI 0.104–0.752, P=0.012), age(OR 0.215, 95% CI 0.069–0.671, P=0.008), GCS(OR 1.187, 95% CI 1.010–1.395, P=0.037), HV(OR 0.943, 95% CI 0.906–0.982, P=0.005), IVH(OR 0.655, 95% CI 0.506–0.849, P=0.001) and PI(OR 0.211, 95% CI 0.071–0.624, P=0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that for patients with hypertensive spontaneous ICH(HV≥30 ml in basal ganglia), MIPD may be a more effective treatment than DC, as assessed by a higher rate of functional independence at 1 year after onset as well as reduced mortality in patients ≤60 years of age, NIHSS【15 or HV≤60 ml. For patients with HV 】60 ml, deep coma and severe IVH, the outcomes of the two therapies were similar.

Minimally invasive thalamic hematoma drainage can improve the six-month outcome of thalamic hemorrhage

Objective To explore predictors of the 6-month clinical outcome ofthalamic hemorrhage, and evaluate if minimally invasive thalamic hematoma drainage （THD） could improve its prognosis. Methods A total of 54 patients with spontaneous thalamic hemorrhage were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical data, including demographics, stroke risk factors, neuroimaging variables, Glasgow Coma Score （GCS） on admission, surgical strategy, and outcome, were collected. Clinical outcome was assessed using a modified Rankin Scale, six months after onset. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to determine predictors of a poor outcome. Results Conservative treatnaent was performed for five patients （9.3%）, external ventricular drainage （EVD） for 20 patients （37.0%）, THD for four patients （7.4%）, and EVD combined with THD for 25 patients （46.3%）. At six months after onset, 21 （38.9%） patients achieved a favorable outcome, while 33 （61.1%） had a poor outcome. In the univariate analysis, predictors of poor 6-month outcome were lower GCS on admis- sion （P = 0.001）, larger hematoma volume （P 〈 0.001）, midline shift （P = 0.035）, acute hydrocephalus （P = 0.039）, and no THD （P = 0.037）. The independent predictors of poor outcome, according to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, were no THD and larger hematoma volume. Conclusions Minimally invasive THD, which removes most of the hematoma within a few days, with limited damage to perihematomal brain tissue, improved the 6-month outcome of thalamic hemorrhage. Thus, THD can be widely applied to treat patients with thalamic hemorrhage.

Effect of minimally invasive intracranial hematoma drainage on inflammatory factors, serum ferritin and serum P substance in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

Objective:To study the effect of minimally invasive intracranial hematoma drainage on inflammatory factors, serum ferritin and serum P substance in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:92 cases of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups: minimally invasive group (51 cases) and routine group (41 cases). Minimally invasive intracranial hematoma drainage was performed on the minimally invasive group. Bone flap decompression or small bone window craniotomy were used in the routine group. Tumor necrosis factorα (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and serum protein (SF), serum substance P (SP) in the 2 groups were detected before treatment and 2 weeks after treatment.Results: The comparison of TNF-α, IL-6, hs-CRP, SP, and SF in the two groups before treatment was not statistically significant (P>0.05). TNF-α, IL-6, hs-CRP and SF in both groups after treatment significantly decreased, compared with that before treatment (P<0.01,P<0.05). TNF-α, IL-6, and SF in minimally invasive group decreased more significantly than that in routine group (P<0.01);The comparison of SP in the two groups after treatment significantly increased compared with that before treatment (P<0.01,P<0.05). SP in minimally invasive group increased more significantly than that in routine group (P<0.05).Conclusions:Compared with bone flap decompression or small bone window craniotomy, minimally invasive intracranial hematoma drainage can inhibit inflammatory reaction, reduce the degree of nerve damage and alleviate clinical symptoms more effectively.

Effect of urokinase in combined with minimally invasive intracranial hematoma evacuation on serum ferritin, serum P substance, inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial function in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage

Objective: To investigate the effects of minimally invasive evacuation of intracranial hematoma on serum SP, SF, vascular endothelial function and inflammatory factors of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods: According to random data table method, a total of 120 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage from September 2016 to May 2017 were divided into observation group and the control group, 60 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional treatment;on the basis of conventional treatment, the observation group underwent minimally invasive evacuation of intracranial hematoma. The levels of serum SF, SP, vascular endothelial function and inflammatory factors changes were compared between the two groups before and after the treatment. Results: Before treatment, the levels of serum SP, SF, NO, ET-1, hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α in the two groups were not statistically significant. The levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, SF, ET-1 after treatment in two groups were significantly lower than those in the same group before treatment, and the observation group levels were significantly lower than those in the control group;the levels of SP, NO in the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than before treatment, and the observation group was higher than that the control group with significant difference. Conclusion: The minimally invasive intracranial hematoma evacuation for patients with HICH can effectively improve the levels of SP, SF, inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial function, which is helpful to relieve cerebral edema and lower intracranial pressure, and improve the quality of treatment.

Effect of urokinase in combined with minimally invasive hematoma puncture with YL-1 type needle on the blood sugar and serum CRP in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of urokinase in combined with minimally invasive hematoma puncture with YL-1 type needle in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and the effect on blood sugar and serum CRP.Methods:A total of 84 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who were admitted in our hospital were included in the study and divided into the minimally invasive group (n=53) and the conservative group (n=31) according to different treatment protocols. The patients in the two groups were given routine drug treatments. The patients in the observation group were given urokinase in combined with minimally invasive hematoma puncture with YL-1 type needle. The blood sugar and serum CRP levels before and after treatment in the two groups were compared. CT was performed to reexamine the cerebral hematoma and edema volume.Results: The serum CRP and blood sugar levels 3, 7 and 14 d after treatment in the minimally invasive group were significantly lower than those in the conservative group (P<0.05). The cerebral hematoma and edema volume 1, 3, 7, and 14 d after treatment in the minimally invasive group was significantly lower than that in the conservative group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Urokinase in combined with minimally invasive hematoma puncture with YL-1 type needle in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage can significantly alleviate the brain tissue injury, reduce the systemic inflammatory reaction and blood sugar level, and contribute to the rehabilitation.

Individual idea about the micro-invasive aspiration and drainage of intracranial hematoma

AIM： This study aimed to expound the individual idea of micro-invasive surgery from pre-operative preparation, intra-operative processing and post-operative management. METHODS： Pre-operative preparation was improved by analyzing pathological factors and hematoma property, and considering patients＇ age, basic disease, blood pressure control, with persistent haemorrhagia/rehaemorrhagia or not, operative occasion choice, positioning and other procedures. In the surgery, positioner was used. Initial aspiration volume was cautiously controlled. After operation, vital signs of patients were kept stable by cautiously using hematoma liquefacient and combining with free radical scavenger. RESULTS： The core content of individual micro-invasive surgery was mainly to relieve intracranial pressure. Under the condition of sufficient pre-operative preparation known by patients＇ family members, precise positioning was determined and individual therapeutic regimen was made. Meanwhile, caution should be taken in hematoma aspiration. Liquefaction and drainage should be paid more attention, and complications were processed actively. CONCLUSION： During the process of micro-invasive evacuation of intracranial hematoma for treating cerebral hemorrhage, attention should be paid to analyzing cerebral hematoma etiology and pathophysiological mechanism, and individual idea should be considered in surgical treatment aiming at patients＇ concrete disease condition.

Short-term effect and long-term prognosis of neuroendoscopic minimally invasive surgery for hypertensive int-racerebral hemorrhage

BACKGROUND Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is a common critical disease of the nervous system,comprising one fifth of all acute cerebrovascular diseases and has a high disability and mortality rate.It severely affects the patients’quality of life.AIM To analyze the short-term effect and long-term prognosis of neuroendoscopic minimally invasive surgery for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.METHODS From March 2018 to May 2020,118 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled in our study and divided into a control group and observation group according to the surgical plan.The control group used a hard-channel minimally invasive puncture and drainage procedure.The observation group underwent minimally invasive neuroendoscopic surgery.The changes in the levels of serum P substances(SP),inflammatory factors[tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-10],and the National Hospital Stroke Scale(NIHSS)and Barthel index scores were recorded.Surgery related indicators and prognosis were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The operation time(105.26±28.35)of the observation group was min longer than that of the control group,and the volume of intraoperative bleeding was 45.36±10.17 mL more than that of the control group.The hematoma clearance rates were 88.58%±4.69%and 94.47%±4.02%higher than those of the control group at 48 h and 72 h,respectively.Good prognosis rate(86.44%)was higher in the observation group than in the control group,and complication rate(5.08%)was not significantly different from that of the control group(P>0.05).The SP level and Barthel index score of the two groups increased(P<0.05)and the inflam-matory factors and NIHSS score decreased(P<0.05).The cytokine levels,NIHSS score,and Barthel index score were better in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Neuroendoscopic minimally invasive surgery is more complicated than hard channel minimally invasive puncture drainage in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage;however,hematoma clearance is more thorough,and the short-term effect and long-term prognosis are better than hard channel minimally invasive puncture drainage.

注射体积对老年患者中等量基底节区脑出血微创穿刺术后临床疗效的影响

目的探讨药物总量控制下注射体积对老年患者中等量基底节区脑出血微创穿刺术后临床疗效的影响。方法以血肿最大层面长轴中心点为穿刺点,CT引导穿刺,穿刺成功后抽吸液态血肿,控制血肿腔内单次尿激酶总量4.0×10^(4)U,注射体积分别为2 mL和4 mL,根据术后CT结果调整针体深度,并根据血肿清除情况拔针。比较两组术后血肿清除率、颅内压、血肿周围水肿体积、总死亡率、并发症发生率、神经功能缺失评分(neurological deficit score,NDS)和日常生活能力评定(activities of daily living,ADL)结果。结果两组患者术后首次血肿清除率(31.17%±1.46%vs.30.50%±1.69%)、术后颅内压、总死亡率无明显差异(P均>0.05)。大体积组术后1 d(77.30%±3.75%vs.62.77%±3.89%),2 d(91.43%±4.05%vs.80.12%±4.15%),拔针前(92.35%±4.83%vs.85.9%±3.59%)血肿清除率明显高于小体积组(P<0.05)。大体积组留针时间(1.8 d±0.2 d vs.3.1 d±0.4 d,P<0.05)、尿激酶总用量(24.3×10^(4)U±2.3×10^(4)U vs.36.5×10^(4)U±4.7×10^(4)U,P<0.05)均少于小体积组(P<0.05)。大体积组术后3 d(11.33 mL±2.32 mL vs.16.45 mL±1.97 mL)、5 d(14.59 mL±2.11 mL vs.21.37 mL±2.43 mL)、7 d(22.79 mL±3.15 mL vs.30.15 mL±4.04 mL)、14 d(12.41 mL±1.95 mL vs.19.38 mL±2.47 mL)血肿周围水肿体积少于小体积组(P<0.05)。大体积组术后28 d、3个月、6个月NDS[分别为(22.35±2.49 vs.28.14±2.95)、(16.43±2.17 vs.23.81±2.56)、(11.39±1.87 vs.17.74±2.03)]及ADL评分[分别为(44.76±4.22 vs.36.15±2.36)、(62.55±3.81 vs.51.39±2.45)、(77.53±3.76 vs.60.81±4.35)]优于小体积组(P<0.05)。大体积组术后并发症发生率低于小体积组(P<0.05)。结论大体积注射法能更有效引流血肿,缩短留针时间,减少尿激酶用量,降低术后并发症发生率,改善患者预后,是老年中等量基底节区脑出血微创穿刺术后提高疗效的有效方法。

尼莫地平联合微创穿刺清除术对高血压脑出血患者神经功能、血流动力学及血清炎症因子水平的影响

目的探讨尼莫地平联合微创穿刺清除术对高血压脑出血(HICH)患者神经功能、血流动力学及血清炎症因子水平的影响。方法选择2019年6月至2022年5月河北北方学院附属第二医院收治的108例HICH患者为研究对象,根据治疗方法将患者分为观察组(n=55)和对照组(n=53)。2组患者均给予微创穿刺清除术,在此基础上观察组患者加用尼莫地平治疗1个月。采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分评估2组患者治疗前后神经功能缺损情况;分别于治疗前后抽取患者晨起空腹静脉血5 mL,离心取血清,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测患者血清中脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平;超声经颅多普勒血流分析仪监测2组患者治疗前后平均血流速度(Vm)、阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)等血流动力学指标;记录治疗后2组患者头痛、头晕、感染、再出血等不良反应发生情况。结果治疗前2组患者的NIHSS评分及血清NSE、BDNF水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者治疗后NIHSS评分和血清NSE水平显著低于治疗前,血清BDNF水平显著高于治疗前(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者NIHSS评分和血清NSE水平显著低于对照组,血清BDNF水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前2组患者的Vm、PI、RI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者治疗后的Vm、PI显著高于治疗前,RI显著低于治疗前(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者的Vm、PI显著高于对照组,RI显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者治疗前血清TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者治疗后血清TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平显著低于治疗前(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者血清TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组和观察组患者不良反应发生率分别为7.55%(4/53)、9.09%(5/55),2组患者不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论尼莫地平联合微创穿刺清除术可有效改善HICH患者的血流灌注速度,降低炎症反应程度,减轻患者神经功能损伤。

不同微创穿刺引流时间窗对高血压基底节脑出血患者预后的影响

目的比较不同微创穿刺引流时间窗下高血压基底节脑出血患者的临床疗效及对预后的影响。方法回顾性收集保定市第一中心医院神经外科行微创穿刺引流术的150例高血压基底节脑出血患者的相关资料,采集时间2020-01—2023-01,按不同时间窗将患者分为超早期组(于发病6 h内实施手术)、早期组(于发病6~24 h内实施手术)与延期组(于发病24 h后实施手术)各50例。比较3组患者手术情况,采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)及日常生活活动量表(ADL)评估治疗前后神经功能及生活质量的变化,并统计各组疗效及预后情况。结果早期组术后3 d血肿残余量明显(7.84±1.94)mL少于超早期组(10.23±2.56)mL与延期组(12.30±2.22)mL,且住院时间(15.02±6.13)d也明显短于超早期组(18.38±5.41)d与延期组(20.57±5.88)d(P<0.05);治疗后各组NIHSS评分均降低,ADL评分均升高(P<0.05),早期组各评分改善情况最显著(P<0.05);超早期组、早期组、延期组临床有效率分别为74.00%、94.00%、70.00%,早期组明显高于超早期组与延期组(P<0.05),但超早期组与延期组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组格拉斯哥预后量表(GOS)分级情况显示,早期组优于超早期组与延期组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论微创穿刺引流治疗高血压基底节脑出血疗效显著,但以发病6~24 h进行手术的效果更为理想,其不仅能加快术后恢复,缩短住院时间,还可在提高患者神经功能及生活质量的同时改善术后预后情况。

醒脑静注射液联合立体定向微创治疗对高血压脑出血患者的应用效果

目的探讨醒脑静注射液联合立体定向微创治疗对高血压脑出血患者的应用效果。方法选取2018年1月至2023年1月九江市第一人民医院神经外科收治的80例高血压脑出血患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例。对照组采用小骨窗开颅术治疗,观察组采用醒脑静注射液联合立体定向微创治疗。比较两组患者的手术时间、血肿清除率、并发症(包括肺部感染、消化道出血、二次出血)发生率及术后生活自理能力情况。结果观察组的手术时间短于对照组,血肿清除率>80%的比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后1个月的并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的术后生活自理能力评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论醒脑静注射液联合立体定向微创治疗高血压脑出血患者,可以缩短手术时间,提高血肿清除率,且其并发症相对较少,同时术后患者日常生活自理水平提高明显,值得临床推广应用。

两种手术方式治疗高血压脑出血患者的临床效果及复发因素探讨

目的 探讨微创穿刺血肿引流术(MIPHD)与开颅血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血(HICH)的效果以及复发的危险因素。方法 80例HICH患者根据治疗方案的不同分为MIPHD组和开颅手术组,比较两组的治疗效果和临床指标,分析影响HICH患者复发的危险因素。结果 治疗后,两组的NIHSS评分均显著低于治疗前(P <0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,入院SBP、出血量、凝血机制异常是影响HICH患者术后复发的危险因素(P <0.05)。结论 微创穿刺血肿引流术和开颅血肿清除术均可改善HICH患者的神经缺损程度,对于术前SBP过高、出血量偏大、凝血机制异常的患者,应警惕术后HICH的复发。

中等量高血压脑出血机器人辅助穿刺微创手术与保守治疗的临床研究

目的:探究中等量高血压脑出血机器人辅助穿刺微创手术与保守治疗比较。方法:选取2021年7月~2022年7月华中科技大学协和深圳医院100例中等量高血压脑出血患者,采用随机数字表法分为参照组(保守治疗)和试验组(机器人辅助穿刺微创手术)各50例,对干预效果进行比较。结果:试验组总有效率94.00%高于参照组72.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),试验组失血量、手术、血肿清除、脑脊液恢复、置管引流、住院时长均少于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),手术后1 min、1 d、3 d试验组的颅内压小于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组手术前的炎性因子比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),试验组手术后的肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)均小于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),研究对象手术前的神经功能缺损(NIHSS)、日常生活能力(ADL)、格拉斯昏迷评分(GCS)、格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),试验组手术后的NIHSS评分低于参照组,但ADL、GCS、GOS评分高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:机器人辅助穿刺微创手术能够快速降低患者颅内压,并清除血肿,缩短住院天数,促进炎性反应消失,改善患者神经功能,促进预后。

CT定位辅助下微创穿刺引流术对高血压脑出血患者神经功能缺损评分与并发症发生情况的影响

目的探讨CT定位辅助下微创穿刺引流术对高血压脑出血(HICH)患者神经功能缺损评分与并发症发生情况的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2022年3月昌邑市人民医院收治的96例HICH患者作为研究对象,按照奇偶数法分为A组与B组,每组48例。A组行CT定位辅助下微创穿刺引流术治疗,B组行小骨窗开颅血肿清除术治疗,比较两组基本手术指标、神经功能损伤程度[神经功能缺损评分(NFDS)]及日常生活能力[Barthel指数评定量表(BI)]、生命质量[脑卒中影响量表(SIS)]、血管内皮功能[一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素-1(ET-1)]、并发症发生情况、不良事件发生情况。结果A组术中出血量少于B组,住院时间短于B组,血肿清除率高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组NFDS评分均低于治疗前,BI评分均高于治疗前,且A组NFDS评分低于B组,BI评分高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组交流、日常生活能力、移动能力、情感、参与、力气、手功能、记忆与思维评分均高于治疗前,且A组高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组NO水平均高于治疗前,ET-1水平均低于治疗前,且A组NO水平高于B组,ET-1水平低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组并发症发生率低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论CT定位辅助下微创穿刺引流术疗效更佳,可有效减轻患者神经功能损伤,减少并发症发生,值得临床推广应用。

CT定位下硬通道微创穿刺引流术联合尿激酶灌注治疗老年高血压脑出血患者的效果

目的:分析CT定位下硬通道微创穿刺引流术联合尿激酶灌注治疗老年高血压脑出血患者的效果。方法:选取2018年3月—2023年3月如东县人民医院收治的102例老年高血压脑出血患者。根据入院顺序进行编号,利用最新统计学软件生成随机序列后将其分为对照组(51例)和观察组(51例)。对照组给予保守治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予CT定位下硬通道微创穿刺引流术联合尿激酶灌注治疗。比较两组治疗1周后临床疗效,治疗前及治疗1周后血管内皮功能、预后及生活质量,并发症。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗1周后,观察组一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)水平高于对照组,内皮素-1(endothelin-1,ET-1)水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗1周后,观察组改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin scale,mRS)评分低于对照组,改良Barthel指数(modified Barthel index,MBI)评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对于老年高血压脑出血患者采取CT定位下硬通道微创穿刺引流术联合尿激酶灌注治疗效果显著,有利于改善血管内皮功能,提高预后及生活质量水平,并降低并发症发生率。

清震汤加减联合微创血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血临床研究

目的:观察清震汤加减联合微创血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血的治疗效果。方法:抽取98例高血压脑出血患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各49例。对照组行微创血肿清除术,术后给予西医常规治疗,试验组在对照组基础上联合清震汤加减治疗。比较2组颅内压(ICP)、美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分与格拉斯哥昏迷指数(GCS),脑水肿体积和持续时间,血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、神经生长因子(NGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平及中医证候评分。结果:术前,2组ICP值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后即刻及24 h、72 h、1周,试验组相同时间点的ICP值均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术前,2组NIHSS、GCS指数评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后14 d,试验组NIHSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05),GCS指数高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后,试验组脑水肿体积、脑水肿持续时间低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前,2组血清TNF-α、MMP-9、NGF水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后14 d,2组血清TNF-α、MMP-9水平较术前下降(P<0.05),血清NGF水平较术前上升(P<0.05);且试验组血清TNF-α、MMP-9水平低于对照组(P<0.05),NGF水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。术前,2组半身不遂、口眼歪斜、神志昏蒙等中医证候评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后14 d,试验组上述各项中医证候评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:微创血肿清除术联合清震汤加减治疗高血压脑出血可降低ICP,减轻卒中症状和昏迷指数,减轻脑水肿,改善中医证候及炎症反应。

微孔穿刺引流联合尿激酶治疗对脑出血后脑水肿程度及血清丙二醛、基质金属蛋白酶-9和细胞黏附分子-1水平的影响

目的观察微孔穿刺引流术(对照组)联合尿激酶(UK)治疗对脑出血后脑水肿程度及血清丙二醛(MDA)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和细胞黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)水平的影响。方法2020年1月~2022年9月在我院收治的高血压性脑出血(HICH)病人82例,根据不同治疗方案分为两组,观察组44例,采用对照组联合UK治疗,对照组38例,采用对照组治疗。观察两组病人脑水肿体积、神经功能[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)]、血清学指标MDA、MMP-9和ICAM-1。记录术后并发症发生情况,对比两组术后3个月的预后情况[格拉斯哥结局量表评分(GOS)、日常生活能力(ADL)评分和死亡情况]。结果术后14天,观察组的周围脑水肿体积为(14.76±2.39)ml,低于对照组的(16.87±2.24)ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组NIHSS评分为(11.12±1.96)分,低于对照组的(11.96±1.65)分。两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的血清MDA、MMP-9、ICAM-1水平分别为(8.65±1.16)nmol/ml、(96.17±19.34)ng/ml和(624.31±32.76)μg/ml,均低于对照组的(16.14±2.16)nmol/ml、(120.47±21.32)ng/ml和(661.24±35.21)μg/ml。两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率为9.09%,与对照组的18.42%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后3个月内均无死亡病例。观察组术后3个月的GOS评分和ADL评分分别为(4.03±0.92)分、(71.21±12.65)分,均高于对照组的(3.52±1.12)分、(62.98±15.58)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论HICH病人应用对照组联合UK治疗可有效控制脑水肿,下调MDA、MMP-9、ICAM-1水平,保护神经功能,改善预后。

CT三维重建引导下微创软通道穿刺引流术对脑出血治疗效果

目的不同微创软通道穿刺引流术对脑出血患者治疗效果。方法回顾性选取2022年10月至2023年10月南阳市中心医院收治的117例脑出血患者,根据不同的治疗方式分为接受传统微创软通道穿刺引流术治疗的对照组(56例),以及接受CT三维重建引导下微创软通道穿刺引流术治疗的试验组(61例)。比较2组患者手术相关指标(手术时间、插管一次性成功率、12 h脑内血肿清除率、术后住院时间),血清脑原性神经营养因子(BDNF)、水通道蛋白4(AQP4)水平,神经功能缺损程度及术后并发症发生情况。结果2组脑内血肿清除率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但试验组插管一次性成功率显著高于对照组,手术时间、术后住院时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05);术后14 d,试验组血清BDNF水平显著高于对照组,血清AQP4水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);术后6个月,试验组美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);术后试验组并发症总发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论CT三维重建引导下微创软通道穿刺引流术治疗脑出血效果血肿清除率与常规微创穿刺引流术相当,且其能有效缩短手术时间、住院时间,提高插管成功率,对神经功能损伤小,能有效调节血清BDNF、AQP4水平,术后并发症少,安全可靠。

自发性脑出血微创血肿清除术的研究进展

自发性脑出血(SICH)是一种高病死率和致残率的脑卒中疾病,微创血肿清除术可降低SICH患者的病死率并改善其功能预后。目前,有多种微创颅内血肿清除术可供选择,但各种技术的难易程度和疗效参差不齐。选择适宜或最佳的脑出血微创治疗方案对改善SICH患者的预后有重要意义。本文回顾了关于SICH微创血肿清除术的文献,分析主要几种手术的优缺点,为神经科医生选择最佳的脑出血微创治疗方案提供参考。目前尚无公认的最佳脑出血微创血肿清除术,但正在进行的多项大型微创血肿清除术临床试验有望为脑出血的最佳微创治疗策略提供重要信息。

立体定向软通道微创血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血的临床效果分析

目的分析立体定向软通道微创血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血(HICH)的临床效果。方法将76例HICH患者根据手术方式不同分为参照组(38例,行传统手术治疗)和研究组(38例,行立体定向软通道微创血肿清除术治疗)。比较两组手术情况、神经功能、日常生活能力。结果研究组手术时间、住院时间短于参照组,血肿残余体积低于参照组,血肿清除率高于参照组(P<0.05)。术后1个月,研究组NIHSS评分低于参照组,BI评分高于参照组(P<0.05)。结论与传统手术相比,立体定向软通道微创血肿清除术治疗HICH的效果更好,可明显缩短患者的手术时间和住院时间,改善其神经功能及日常生活能力。