Effects of Misoprostol and Oxytocin Combined with Calcium Gluconate on Delivery Time of Parturient with High-risk Postpartum Hemorrhage and Neonatal Outcomes

Objective:To investigate the effect of misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate on parturient with high-risk postpartum hemorrhage.Methods:The clinical data of 80 parturient with high-risk postpartum hemorrhage who were treated in our hospital from July 2016 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different treatment methods,they were divided into control group(treated with misoprostol combined with oxytocin,40 cases)and observation group(treated with misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate,40 cases),compared the clinical efficacy,delivery time,postpartum hemorrhage 2 hour after delivery,postpartum hemorrhage 24 hours after delivery and Apgar score of the newborns at 1min after birth.Results:The total effective rate(95.00%)in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(77.50%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The third delivery stage in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group,and the postpartum hemorrhage volume was less than that in the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Apgar score of the two groups of newborns(P>0.05).Conclusion:Misoprostol and oxytocin combined with calcium gluconate is effective in treating high-risk postpartum hemorrhage parturient,which not only can effectively reduce postpartum hemorrhage and shorten the delivery time,but also is beneficial for neonatal outcome and worthy of clinical application.

Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Misoprostol and Oxytocin Im in the Prevention of Post-Partum haemorrhage in a Low-Resource Setting

Background: In developing countries, postpartum hemorrhage is responsible for 30% of maternal deaths. Although the World Health Organization recommends the use of oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage, the use of misoprostol is increasingly common. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of postpartum hemorrhage in parturients delivering at Saint-Vincent Hospital and to compare the effectiveness of misoprostol use versus oxytocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage. Material and Methods: We conducted a comparative longitudinal study at the Saint Vincent Hospital comparing 10 units of intramuscular oxytocin with 600 micrograms of sublingual misoprostol. The study was conducted from 01 January 2017 to 31 December 2019, a period of 3 years. The study population consisted of 2161 consenting women. Of these, 1289 received 10 IU of intramuscular oxytocin and 872 received 600 micrograms of misoprostol. The collected data were entered using Microsoft Excel 2013 and analysed using SPSS version 21 software. Results: The frequency of administration of Misoprostol and oxytocin in parturients was 40.4% and 59.6% respectively in this study. One hundred and fourteen cases of postpartum hemorrhage (114/2161 or 5.3%) were noted among the parturients. The average age of parturients who received oxytocin was 24.36 ± 4.45 years vs 24.63 ± 5.11 years among parturients who received Misoprostol;(p = 0.190). The mean parity was 2.52 ± 1.46 vs 2.66 ± 1.44;(p = 0.020). We noted a high proportion (78.3%) of postpartum hemorrhage from the oxytocin group vs. 21.7% from the Misoprostol group (OR 2.5-fold), with a statistically significant difference (p 0.001). We noted high proportions of uterine atony (92.3%) from the oxytocin group vs 7.7% from the Misoprostol group (p = 0.004). Uterine atony was the actual factor associated with postpartum hemorrhage (OR = 10.0895% CI: 1.78 - 57.10;p = 0.009). Conclusion: Misoprostol 600 Microgram administered sublingually immediately after neonatal expulsion and before delivery was 2.5 times more effective than oxytocin 10 IU/IM. Misoprostol is therefore a good alternative to oxytocin and offers more advantages in management, use and outcome than oxytocin.

Development of Misoprostol Suppositories for Postpartum Hemorrhage

Misoprostol is a prostaglandin E1 analogue used to prevent and treat gastric ulcers. It has been commonly used in gynecology and obstetrics, especially for the management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). For this purpose, 1000 μg intrarectal (insertion of five 200 μg tablets) has been recommended as the third line after injectable oxytocin and methylergometrine. We proposed to manufacture a 1000 μg misoprostol suppository by determining formulation, release and stability. The administration facility was also evaluated. Several formulations of misoprostol suppositories were set up and evaluated. Misoprostol tablets and lipophilic bases (Hard fat—Adeps solidus Ph. Eur., Witepsol? H15 and Suppocire? AM and AS2X) were used to obtain suppositories. Surfactants were also tested (polysorbates Tween? 20, Tween? 80 and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)). The formula was monitored by the misoprostol release curve with an in vitro test and dosed by a HPLC method. Stability was determined by evaluating the percentage of misoprostol content remaining over the time in suppositories stored at 4℃ and 25℃. Facility of use versus tablets was evaluated by obstetricians of a Swiss regional hospital using a questionnaire. Misoprostol release was facilitated by adding surfactant to the lipophilic base. After 30 minutes, 59% ± 1.4% and 57% ± 8.2% of misoprostol was released with Adeps solidus + 1% SLS and Adeps solidus + 5% Tween 20 respectively. SLS was discarded to the final formula because of its irritating effect. After 7 months, suppositories still contained 94% ± 3.7% misoprostol with storage at 4℃. The administration was considered easier and faster compared with intra rectal use of tablets. The formula, consisting of 5 crushed misoprostol tablets dispersed in a suppository base made of Adeps solidus + 5% Tween? 20, is stable for at least 7 months at 4?C and facilitates the rectal administration of misoprostol in the treatment of PPH.

Comparison between Preoperative and Postoperative Sublingual Misoprostol for Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage during Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Blood loss is one of the important complications during cesarean section (CS). Previous reports have shown that misoprostol is effective in reducing blood loss during and after CS. However, the optimum time for its administration to decrease the amount of PPH is still under discussion. Objective: To compare the effect of preoperative and postoperative administration of sublingual misoprostol (400 μg) in reducing the amount of blood loss during and 24 hours after CS. Setting: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, between January 2017 and July 2018. Study Design: A prospective, randomized clinical trial. Methods: Four-hundred thirty women fulfilling the inclusions criteria: elective lower segment CS at term (≥37 weeks) with normal fetal heart tracing who accepted to participate in the study. Patients were divided into two groups;Patients assigned to group 1 received 400 μg sublingual misoprostol immediately after urinary catheterization and before skin incision, while patients assigned to group 2 received sublingual misoprostol immediately after skin closure. The primary outcome was the estimation of intraoperative and postoperative blood loss for 24 hours. Results: There was a significant reduction in the intraoperative blood loss in group 1 compared with group 2 (403.51 ± 72.99 vs. 460.99 ± 74.66 ml, respectively). Also, there was a significant reduction in postoperative blood loss in group 1 compared with group 2 with a statistical significance (169.45 ± 12.03 vs. 195.77 ± 13.34 ml, respectively). Postoperative hemoglobin and Hematocrit values were significantly higher in group 1 compared with group 2. Conclusions: Preoperative administration of sublingual misoprostol (400 μg) during CS is better than postoperative administration as it is associated with a reduction in the amount of intraoperative and postoperative blood loss and drop in hemoglobin level.

Comparative study of the side effect profiles of oral misoprostol and parenteral oxytocin used in prevention of postpartum haemorrhage in Maiduguri Nigeria

The following work compared adverse effects profile and patients’ acceptability of intra-venous oxytocin 10 iu and oral misoprostol 600 ug used in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in the third stage of labour. A total of 1865 pregnant women who have received either oxytocin injection or oral misoprostol in third stage of labour as prophylaxis for postpartum haemorrhage, were enrolled within three health care facilities in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Each patient was observed at parturition and for 24 h after during which oral interviews were conducted and clinical notes studied. The oxytocin medication group exhibited higher abdominal pains (7.1% versus 0.0%;p 0.05) difference in patients acceptability of injectable oxytocin (99.3%) and oral misoprostol (98.3%). Oxytocin usage in the prevention of PPH was associated with abdominal pains and headache while misoprostol was associated with shivering and fever. Patients from this study have demonstrated high level of acceptability of both parenteral oxytocin and oral misopristol prevention of post-partum haemorrhage.

Oxytocin Abuse and Postpartum Hemorrhage

Among the most consolidated dogmas in obstetrics, we have the essential role of oxytocin during: labor by regulating, consolidating uterine contractions, by supporting the expulsive efforts of the patient during childbirth and after childbirth by preventing postpartum hemorrhage. But what challenged us to conduct our study is the large and increasing number of surgical operations for postpartum hemorrhage in patients who received oxytocin during labor. We assumed that the generalization use of oxytocin in all patients during labor is probably responsible of this increasing rate of incidents. To verify this assumption, we carried out a prospective randomized comparative study, involving 3990 pregnant patients admitted at the start of labor at term, with no contraindication for giving birth by normal ways, during a period of 10 months (January-October 2022). The patients have been divided into 2 groups. The first group comprises 1991 patients who were placed on admission on a glucose serum infusion with 4 ampoules of a non-anticholinergic musculotropic antispasmodic: “Hydrated phloroglucinol + trimethylphloroglucinol” (Each ampoule contains 40 mg of hydrated phloroglucinol and 0.04 mg of trimethylphloroglucinol) instead of receiving oxytocin during the active phase of their labor and a second group consisting of 1999 patients who received oxytocin during the active phase of their labor. The results were very surprising and contrary to the already consolidated evidence in our specialty. Indeed, the rate of postpartum hemorrhages was 10 patients (0.5%) in the 1st group vs 30 patients (1.5%) in the 2nd group, 9 patients (0.4%) presented fetal heart rate abnormalities in the 1st group vs 90 (4.5%) in the 2nd group, 8 cases (0.4%) of dynamic dystocia in the 1st group vs 132 cases (6.6%) in the 2nd group and 99 caesareans (5%) in the 1st group vs 299 (15%) in the 2nd group. Against all expectations the results were very surprising, with more details in the article.

Observation on the effect of carbetocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia

Objective:To explore the effect of carbetocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia.Methods: A total of 256 puerpera with single full-term delivery who were admitted in our hospital from May, 2015 to May, 2016 were included in the study and divided into the vaginal delivery group and cesarean section group with 128 cases in each group according to the delivery ways. According to the medication, each group was divided into the carbetocin group and oxytocin group with 64 cases in each group. After fetus delivery, the puerpera in the carbetocin group were given intravenous injection of carbetocin (100μg), while the puerpera in the oxytocin group were given intravenous injection of oxytocin (10 U)+0.9% NaCl (500 mL) for 2 h. The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in each group was observed. A volume of 5 mL elbow venous blood before delivery and 24 h after delivery was extracted. The automatic blood cell analyzer was used to detect the decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin in each group. The coagulation detector was used to detect PT, APTT, and FIB before delivery and 24 h after delivery. The blood pressure and heart rate before and after medication in each group were observed.Results: The amount of bleeding at delivery, 2 h and 24 h after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The decreased value of 24 h hemoglobin after delivery in the carbetocin group was signiifcantly less than that in the oxytocin group (P<0.05). The indicators of coagulation function 24 h after delivery in each group were not signiifcantly changed (P>0.05). The heart rate and blood pressure after medication in each group were not significantly changed when compared with before medication (P>0.05).Conclusions:Carbetocin can effectively prevent the postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine inertia, and is safe and effective in application of vaginal delivery and cesarean section;therefore, it deserves to be widely recommended in the clinic.

Intravenous Administration of Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin for Preventing Postpartum Hemorrhage After Vaginal Delivery in High Risk Women:A Double-blind,Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective::To compare the effects between carbetocin and oxytocin on reducing postpartum hemorrhage(PPH)after vaginal delivery in high risk pregnant women.Methods::A prospective double-blinded randomized study was conducted in the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from March to May 2018.Women at or beyond 28 gestational weeks,cephalic presentation,18-45 years old,and with at least one risk factor for PPH,were enrolled.Using a computer-generated randomization sequence,women were randomized to carbetocin group or oxytocin group which receive 100μg intravenous infusion carbetocin or 10 IU intravenous infusion of oxytocin after anterior shoulder and before placental delivery.The primary outcome was the incidence of blood loss≥500 mL within 24 hours postpartum.The secondary outcomes were amount of total blood loss,blood loss within 2 hours after delivery,the rate of blood loss≥1000 mL postpartum,need for a second-line uterotonics and interventions,blood transfusion,difference between hemoglobin before and 48 hours after delivery,adverse maternal events attributed to the trial medication.Hemodynamic status(blood pressure and pulse)was measured at 0 minutes,30 minutes,60 minutes,and 120 minutes after delivery.Results::A total of 314 and 310 participants constituted the carbetocin and oxytocin groups,respectively.The baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups.The carbetocin group had similar rates of PPH(blood loss≥500 mL)and rates of≥1000 mL PPH,(29.6%vs.26.8%,P=0.48)and(3.2%vs.3.5%,P=0.83),to the oxytocin group.The average amount of bleeding was(422.9±241.4)mL in carbetocin group and(406.0±257.5)mL in oxytocin group,which was no statistically significant difference(P=0.40).Either the amount of blood loss within 2 hours((55.5±33.9)mL vs.(59.9±48.7)mL)was no statistically significant difference(P=0.19).The need for therapeutic uterotonics was 23.9%in carbetocin group and 23.5%in oxytocin group,which was also no statistically difference(P=0.93).The rate of blood transfusion(P=0.62)and hemoglobin change(P=0.07)were not differ between the carbetocin and oxytocin groups.However,the rate of manually removing placenta was significantly different between two groups regarding the need for manually remove of placenta because of uterine bleeding in the third stage of labor(4 cases in carbetocin group vs.13 cases in oxygen group),especially in those after oxytocin-induced or augmented labor(relative risk:3.39,95%confidence interval:1.09-10.52).After delivery,the blood pressure in the carbetocin group tend to be lower than that in the oxytocin group(P>0.05),especially at 30 minutes postpartum(P<0.05),while pulse tend to be simultaneously higher(P>0.05).Conclusion::Among women with high risk of PPH,intravenous carbetocin infusion did not better than oxytocin in the prevention of blood loss≥500 mL after vaginal delivery.

缩宫素不同给药方式对剖宫产产妇的影响

目的:观察缩宫素不同给药方式对剖宫产产妇的影响。方法:选取2021年2月—2023年2月厦门大学附属第一医院杏林分院收治的216例剖宫产产妇为研究对象。随机将其分为A组、B组和C组,各72例。三组均进行剖宫产,A组子宫肌内注射缩宫素,B组静脉滴注缩宫素,C组静脉滴注+莫非氏滴管注射缩宫素。比较三组产后出血情况,用药前及用药后10 min血流动力学指标,术前及术后24 h炎症因子及不良反应。结果:C组产后出血发生率和产后出血量均低于A组和B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。用药后10 min,C组收缩压、舒张压、心率、心排出量(cardiac output,CO)、心脏指数(cardiac index,CI)、平均动脉压(mean arterial pressure,MAP)均高于A组及B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后24 h,C组肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)水平均低于A组及B组,白细胞介素-4(interleukin-4,IL-4)、白细胞介素-10(interleukin-10,IL-10)均高于A组及B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:静脉滴注+莫非氏滴管注射缩宫素式可降低剖宫产患者产后出血量与产后出血率,改善产妇血流动力学。

缩宫素联用卡前列素氨丁三醇治疗产后出血对产妇凝血指标、血栓弹力图指标的影响

目的探讨缩宫素联用卡前列素氨丁三醇治疗产后出血对产妇凝血指标、血栓弹力图指标的影响。方法方便选取2021年1月—2022年12月厦门大学附属第一医院收治的84例产后出血产妇作为研究对象,根据随机数表法分为参照组和研究组,每组42例,参照组采取常规缩宫素治疗,研究组采取缩宫素联合卡前列素氨丁三醇治疗。比较两组临床治疗有效率、凝血相关指标、血栓弹力图指标。结果研究组临床治疗有效率95.24%高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.145,P<0.05);治疗后,研究组产妇凝血活酶时间、凝血酶原时间均短于参照组,血清纤维蛋白原指标低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论对产后出血产妇实施缩宫素联用卡前列素氨丁三醇治疗,能取得更为理想的治疗效果,积极改善相关凝血指标和血栓弹力图指标。

产后出血产妇采取卡前列素氨丁三醇联合缩宫素治疗后对其出血量的影响

目的探讨产后出血产妇采取卡前列素氨丁三醇联合缩宫素治疗后对其出血量的影响。方法100例产后出血产妇作为研究对象,根据治疗方式不同分为对照组(50例,采取缩宫素治疗)和观察组(50例,采取卡前列素氨丁三醇联合缩宫素治疗)。比较两组产妇的出血量、不良反应发生情况、治疗效果。结果治疗后2、12、24、36 h,观察组的出血量分别为(235.89±26.12)、(272.31±29.45)、(288.89±25.20)、(299.31±31.45)ml,均少于对照组的(306.45±22.24)、(351.81±31.81)、(386.45±26.24)、(405.81±31.81)ml,差异明显(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组产妇的不良反应发生率2.00%低于对照组的14.00%,差异明显(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的总有效率98.00%高于对照组的84.00%,差异明显(P<0.05)。结论对产后出血产妇采用卡前列素氨丁三醇联合缩宫素治疗后,能降低产妇的出血量,减少不良反应的发生,提高治疗效果,影响较大。

催产素预防产后出血的研究进展

产后出血是常见的产科并发症,是导致全球孕产妇死亡的首要原因,子宫收缩乏力是导致产后出血的主要原因。催产素及卡贝催产素等子宫收缩剂是预防和治疗子宫收缩乏力的一线药物,催产素作为预防产后出血的首选药物和世界卫生组织推荐的一线子宫收缩剂,其在不同分娩方式中的用药途径、给药时机、剂量和给药速率等方案尚未达成一致。其中多胎妊娠、肥胖等产后出血高危人群中催产素的使用方案与低危人群不同,现有研究的热点是在产后出血高危人群中,如何以最低剂量达到最佳的预防效果,减少药物的不良反应。综述催产素预防产后出血及其给药方案,总结催产素在不同分娩方式中的应用并对未来的研究方向作出展望。

米索前列醇,卡前列素氨丁三醇联合卡贝缩宫素在产后出血预防中的应用价值分析

目的评估米索前列醇+卡前列素氨丁三醇+卡贝缩宫素应用在产后出血预防中的价值。方法纳入2020年1月—2022年4月的200例产妇,参照随机数字表法划分对照组(纳入100例,以米索前列醇+卡贝缩宫素预防产后出血)、观察组(纳入100例,加用卡前列素氨丁三醇),评价组间出血量、凝血功能、血流动力学、生命体征、氧化应激指标、药品不良反应(ADR)。结果(1)较之对照组,观察组产后不同时间点(产后2h、12h、24h)的出血量更少,P<0.05;(2)治疗前,组间凝血功能、血流动力学、生命体征、氧化应激指标无差异,P>0.05;治疗后,观察组凝血功能、血流动力学、生命体征、氧化应激指标更佳,P<0.05;(3)在ADR方面,观察组(10.00%)与对照组(5.00%)无差异,P>0.05。结论米索前列醇+卡前列素氨丁三醇+卡贝缩宫素能够减少产后出血量,改善产妇凝血功能、血流动力学,稳定生命体征,减轻氧化应激反应,加之安全性高,值得推广。

缩宫素、米索和卡前列素氨丁三醇治疗胎盘早剥产后大出血的效果

目的 分析与讨论缩宫素、米索及卡前列素氨丁三醇应用在胎盘早剥(PA)产后大出血中的治疗效果。方法 共筛选南阳市中心医院2021年7月至2023年7月入院的88例PA产后大出血患者。应用随机数字法分组,参照组(n=44)以缩宫素与米索治疗,研究组(n=44)在参照组基础上联合米前列索氨丁三醇治疗,比较两组临床有效率、舒张压(DBP)、收缩压(SBP)、心率(HR)水平、出血量与出血时间、凝血指标[D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(Fbg)、凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)]、不良反应。结果 研究组治疗有效率高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。研究组持续出血时间短于参照组,并且术中、术后10 min、60 min、2 h、24 h出血量均少于参照组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。治疗后,研究组Fbg指标高于参照组,D-D、APTT、TT、PT指标均低于参照组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。两组患者治疗前后DBP、SBP、HR水平对比差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 联合应用缩宫素、米索、卡前列素氨丁三醇治疗PA产后大出血,可缩短止血时间,降低出血量,改善凝血功能,用药安全性高。

卡前列素氨丁三醇、缩宫素联合子宫按摩对宫缩乏力性产后出血患者止血效果、脂质过氧化反应及凝血功能的影响

目的探究卡前列素氨丁三醇、缩宫素联合子宫按摩对宫缩乏力性产后出血患者止血效果、脂质过氧化反应及凝血功能的影响。方法回顾性选取2019年6月至2022年6月唐山市妇幼保健院妇产科收治的98例宫缩乏力性产后出血患者为研究对象,按照患者采取治疗方式不同将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各49例。对照组给予缩宫素+子宫按摩治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合给予卡前列氨丁三醇治疗。比较两组患者的出血情况(产后2、24 h的出血量、出血时间和出血发生率)、术后立即和术后24 h的脂质过氧化反应指标[谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)、丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)]、凝血指标[纤维蛋白原(FIB)、D-二聚体、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)]、疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者产后2 h、产后24 h出血量、止血时间及产后出血发生率分别为(207.85±22.74)mL、(319.34±35.71)mL、(14.97±2.86)min、4.08%,均显著低于对照组[(307.92±49.44)mL、(429.48±51.37)mL、(28.54±3.57)min、12.24%],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者产后24 h的丙二醛水平为(6.21±1.21)μmol/L,显著低于对照组[(8.92±1.69)μmol],SOD、GSH-px、CAT水平分别为(421.45±48.35)U/L、(456.23±53.21)nmol/L、(377.88±47.18)U/L,均显著高于对照组[(324.39±41.17)U/L、(377.23±39.45)nmol/L、(321.42±38.21)U/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组产后24 h的FIB、D-二聚体、ATPP水平分别为(3.21±0.11)μmol/L、(1.23±53.21)mg/L、(26.94±3.01)s,均显著低于对照组[(4.23±0.69)μmol/L、(2.73±0.25)mg/L、(34.96±3.22)s],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组总有效为100.00%,高于对照组(83.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者不良反应发生率为12.24%,显著低于对照组(22.45%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论卡前列素氨丁三醇、缩宫素联合子宫按摩可提高宫缩乏力性产后出血患者止血效果,有效改善患者脂质过氧化反应和凝血功能,且安全性高,具有临床推广应用价值。

麦角新碱联合缩宫素治疗宫缩乏力性产后出血的临床疗效及对应激反应的影响

目的观察麦角新碱联合缩宫素治疗宫缩乏力性产后出血的临床疗效及对应激反应的影响。方法回顾性选择2021年7月—2023年7月鹰潭市妇幼保健院收治的宫缩乏力性产后出血患者80例,依照不同的治疗方法分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组采用缩宫素治疗,观察组在对照组基础上增加麦角新碱治疗。比较2组临床疗效、产后出血量,治疗前后凝血功能指标[凝血酶时间(TT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(Fib)]、应激反应指标[血管紧张素Ⅱ(ANGⅡ)、醛固酮(ALD)、肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)]及不良反应。结果观察组总有效率为97.50%,高于对照组的80.00%(χ^(2)=6.135,P=0.013);观察组产后1、2、12、24 h出血量少于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗24 h后,2组TT、PT、APTT短于治疗前,Fib水平高于治疗前,且观察组变化幅度大于对照组(P<0.01);2组ANGⅡ、ALD、E、NE水平低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组不良反应总发生率为5.00%,与对照组的15.00%比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.250,P=0.264)。结论麦角新碱联合缩宫素治疗宫缩乏力性产后出血的临床疗效较好,可有效减少产后出血量,调节凝血功能,减轻应激反应,且安全性高。

卡孕栓联合缩宫素预防瘢痕子宫剖宫产产后出血的效果及对凝血指标的影响

目的探讨卡孕栓联合缩宫素在预防瘢痕子宫剖宫产产后出血中的应用效果及其对凝血指标的影响。方法将94例行剖宫产手术的瘢痕子宫产妇随机分为观察组与对照组,每组47例。对照组在剖宫产产后采用缩宫素进行止血,观察组采用卡孕栓联合缩宫素进行止血。比较2组临床效果、产后出血量、凝血指标以及不良反应。结果与对照组相比,观察组总有效率显著升高,产后2、24 h出血量显著减少,活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)显著缩短,D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论卡孕栓联合缩宫素预防瘢痕子宫剖宫产产后出血效果显著,利于减少产妇产后出血量,改善产妇凝血功能,且安全性较高。

How some demographic factors affects postpartum haemorrhage prevention in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Aim: The following work studied how tribal affiliation, educational level and occupation of some women that had PPH in Maiduguri metropolis between September 2007 and March 2009 relate with PPH occurrence. The study was aimed at identifying possible risk factors and also to compare the relative prevention efficacies of oxytocin or misoprostol within the matrix of these factors. Method: A total of 1800 pregnant women who have received either oxytocin injection or oral misoprostol in third stage of labour as a prophylaxis of postpartum haemorrhage, were enrolled within three health care facilities in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Each patient was observed at parturition and for 24 h after, during which blood lost was estimated to the nearest millilitres. Demographic characteristics were recorded in a structured proforma. The relationship of the occurrence of PPH (occurrence of blood loss > 500 ml) and mean blood loss (MBL) was studied with respect to the prophylactic medication used and some demographic factors. Results: The incidence of PPH was higher in Igbo, and some “minority” tribes of Borno state (Babur, Bura, Mafa). The tribes that constituted the majority of the study population (Kanuri, and Hausa) exhibited low incidences of PPH. Significant relationships were demonstrated between PPH and educational levels and occupations of participants. Conclussions: It was concluded that PPH occurrence is related to tribal affiliation, educational level and occupation, and the relative efficacies of oxytocin and misoprostol varies between the tribal groups.

麦角新碱联合缩宫素治疗产后出血的临床预后分析

目的分析在治疗产后出血中实施麦角新碱联合缩宫素治疗的效果和预后。方法选取安顺市妇幼保健院于2021年5月—2023年5月收治的60例产后出血患者为研究对象,采取信封法分为两组,每组30例。参考组应用缩宫素治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上加用麦角新碱治疗,对比两组治疗效果、临床指标、凝血功能、不良反应。结果研究组治疗有效率为93.33%,高于参考组的70.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.455,P=0.020);研究组临床指标优于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组凝血功能优于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在产后出血治疗中麦角新碱联合缩宫素治疗有着重要的临床应用价值,可以提高治疗效果,优化临床指标,改善凝血功能,并且不会增加不良反应。

缩宫素联合卡贝缩宫素预防剖宫产术中子宫收缩乏力引起产后出血的临床效果

目的 探究缩宫素联合卡贝缩宫素预防剖宫产术中子宫收缩乏力引起产后出血的临床效果。方法 选取在宁阳县妇幼保健院2016年1月至2022年12月行剖宫产术的98例产妇,按照随机数字表法分为两组。观察组(49例)予以缩宫素联合卡贝缩宫素,对照组(49例)予以缩宫素,比较两组产后出血量、宫缩情况、不良反应发生情况。结果 观察组产后2、24 h出血量均少于对照组(P <0.05);观察组宫缩良好率高于对照组(P <0.05);观察组不良反应总发生率低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 缩宫素联合卡贝缩宫素在产后出血中的应用效果较好,能够减少产后出血量,降低不良反应发生率。