PEGylated liposomes are potential candidates to improve the pharmacokinetic characteristics of encapsulated drugs, to extend their circulation half-life and facilitate their passive accumulation at tumour sites. Howev...PEGylated liposomes are potential candidates to improve the pharmacokinetic characteristics of encapsulated drugs, to extend their circulation half-life and facilitate their passive accumulation at tumour sites. However, PEG-modified liposomes can induce accelerated blood clearance(ABC) upon repeated administration, and the extent of ABC phenomenon on the cytotoxic drugs-containing PEGylated liposomes is related to the dose of the cytotoxic drugs.In this study, EPI served as a model cytotoxic drug, a hydrophilic surfactant molecule,monosialylganglioside(GM1) was chosen and modified on the liposomes together with PEG.It was shown that upon mixed modification, when GM1 contents reached 10% or 15% mol,the ABC phenomenon of the PEGylated liposomal EPI significantly reduced. We also found that GM1 played an important role in abrogating the ABC phenomenon in both the induction phase and the effectuation phase. The results suggested that GM1 incorporation unfortunately did not avoid occurrence of ABC phenomenon completely, but GM1 modification on PEGylated liposomes may provide a significant improvement in clinical practice of PEGylated liposomes. Further study must be necessary.展开更多
Nowadays, with the frequent use of English, many Chinese people tend to express with mixed Chinese and English. As to this phenomenon, the thesis mainly analyzes word formation of the mixed Chinese and English. Beginn...Nowadays, with the frequent use of English, many Chinese people tend to express with mixed Chinese and English. As to this phenomenon, the thesis mainly analyzes word formation of the mixed Chinese and English. Beginning with presenting the research background, status and significances, the thesis will employ three parts to clarify this topic.展开更多
This article provides to descript a consistent of the even-even 182-200Pt isotopes. This has been achieved using the interacting boson model-2 (IBM-2) and including configuration mixing (IBM-2 CM). Our attention is pa...This article provides to descript a consistent of the even-even 182-200Pt isotopes. This has been achieved using the interacting boson model-2 (IBM-2) and including configuration mixing (IBM-2 CM). Our attention is paid to describe the nuclei shape and to their connecting with shaping coexistence phenomenon. Ten isotopes are studied, ranging from the middle of the neutron shell to very near the doubly closed shell at 208Pb. The same Hamiltonian is used for all the nuclei studied, with parameters which are constant or smoothly varying. In this study, we showed the transition between more axially symmetric deformed features of light Pt isotopes to γ-unstable and vibrational isotopes (near spherical shape) for 198-200Pt isotopes.展开更多
Microfluidic behavior of ternary mixed carrier solvents of water-acetonitrile-ethyl acetate (2:3:1 volume ratio) was examined by use of a microchip incorporating microchannels in which one wide channel was separated i...Microfluidic behavior of ternary mixed carrier solvents of water-acetonitrile-ethyl acetate (2:3:1 volume ratio) was examined by use of a microchip incorporating microchannels in which one wide channel was separated into three narrow channels, i.e., triple-branched microchannels. When the ternary carrier solution containing the fluorescent dyes, hydrophobic perylene (blue) and relatively hydrophilic Eosin Y (green), was fed into the wide channel under laminar flow conditions, the carrier solvent molecules or fluorescence dyes were radially distributed in the channel, forming inner (organic solvent-rich major;blue) and outer (water-rich minor;green) phases in the wide channel. And then, in the narrow channels, perylene molecules mostly appeared to flow through the center narrow channel and Eosin Y, which is distributed in the outer phases in the wide channel, flowed through the both side narrow channels. A metal ion, Cu(II) as a model, dissolved in the ternary mixed carrier solution was also examined. The Cu(II) showed fluidic behavior, transferring from the homogeneous carrier solution to the water-rich solution in the side narrow channels through the triple-branched microchannels.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81373334)
文摘PEGylated liposomes are potential candidates to improve the pharmacokinetic characteristics of encapsulated drugs, to extend their circulation half-life and facilitate their passive accumulation at tumour sites. However, PEG-modified liposomes can induce accelerated blood clearance(ABC) upon repeated administration, and the extent of ABC phenomenon on the cytotoxic drugs-containing PEGylated liposomes is related to the dose of the cytotoxic drugs.In this study, EPI served as a model cytotoxic drug, a hydrophilic surfactant molecule,monosialylganglioside(GM1) was chosen and modified on the liposomes together with PEG.It was shown that upon mixed modification, when GM1 contents reached 10% or 15% mol,the ABC phenomenon of the PEGylated liposomal EPI significantly reduced. We also found that GM1 played an important role in abrogating the ABC phenomenon in both the induction phase and the effectuation phase. The results suggested that GM1 incorporation unfortunately did not avoid occurrence of ABC phenomenon completely, but GM1 modification on PEGylated liposomes may provide a significant improvement in clinical practice of PEGylated liposomes. Further study must be necessary.
文摘Nowadays, with the frequent use of English, many Chinese people tend to express with mixed Chinese and English. As to this phenomenon, the thesis mainly analyzes word formation of the mixed Chinese and English. Beginning with presenting the research background, status and significances, the thesis will employ three parts to clarify this topic.
文摘This article provides to descript a consistent of the even-even 182-200Pt isotopes. This has been achieved using the interacting boson model-2 (IBM-2) and including configuration mixing (IBM-2 CM). Our attention is paid to describe the nuclei shape and to their connecting with shaping coexistence phenomenon. Ten isotopes are studied, ranging from the middle of the neutron shell to very near the doubly closed shell at 208Pb. The same Hamiltonian is used for all the nuclei studied, with parameters which are constant or smoothly varying. In this study, we showed the transition between more axially symmetric deformed features of light Pt isotopes to γ-unstable and vibrational isotopes (near spherical shape) for 198-200Pt isotopes.
文摘Microfluidic behavior of ternary mixed carrier solvents of water-acetonitrile-ethyl acetate (2:3:1 volume ratio) was examined by use of a microchip incorporating microchannels in which one wide channel was separated into three narrow channels, i.e., triple-branched microchannels. When the ternary carrier solution containing the fluorescent dyes, hydrophobic perylene (blue) and relatively hydrophilic Eosin Y (green), was fed into the wide channel under laminar flow conditions, the carrier solvent molecules or fluorescence dyes were radially distributed in the channel, forming inner (organic solvent-rich major;blue) and outer (water-rich minor;green) phases in the wide channel. And then, in the narrow channels, perylene molecules mostly appeared to flow through the center narrow channel and Eosin Y, which is distributed in the outer phases in the wide channel, flowed through the both side narrow channels. A metal ion, Cu(II) as a model, dissolved in the ternary mixed carrier solution was also examined. The Cu(II) showed fluidic behavior, transferring from the homogeneous carrier solution to the water-rich solution in the side narrow channels through the triple-branched microchannels.
