Pleomorphic adenoma(mixed tumor)of the upper lip:A case report

BACKGROUND Salivary gland tumors are relatively rare.Most minor salivary gland tumors are malignant with benign tumors accounting for 18%of the tumors.Pleomorphic adenoma(PA)is the most common salivary gland tumor.Lip PA is uncommon with 9.8%occurring in the upper lip.We are adding on the knowledge of the rare upper lip PA(benign mixed tumor).CASE SUMMARY We report an upper lip PA(benign mixed tumor)in a 28-year-old man.His complaint was a painless swelling on the upper lip.A painless,non-tender,well-circumscribed,slightly mobile,sessile,nodular,and rubbery(in consistency)tumor measuring 5.0 cm x 2.0 cm was noted on the left side of his upper lip.The overlying skin was not fixed and of normal color.There was no ulceration,and palpation did not elicit pain or bleeding.There was no history of trauma.Blunt dissection was used to completely excise the nodular,whitish,and encapsulated tumor.Microscopy showed a well-circumscribed and partly encapsulated biphasic lesion,with large lobules of myxo-chondroid stroma and intervening cellular nodules of basaloid cells,well-formed tubules containing eosinic secretion,and nests of myoepithelial cells.A diagnosis of PA(benign mixed tumor)was confirmed.CONCLUSION Blunt dissection is indicated to preserve the cosmesis and function of the upper lip.

Mixed neuroendocrine and adenocarcinoma of gastrointestinal tract:A complex diagnosis and therapeutic challenge

In this editorial we comment on the manuscript describing a case of adenocarcinoma mixed with a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction.Mixed neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gastrointestinal system are rare heterogeneous group of tumors characterized by a high malignant potential,rapid growth,and poor prognosis.Due to the rarity of these cancers,the standard therapy is poorly defined.The diagnosis of these tumors is based on combination of morphological features,immunohistochemical and neuroendocrine and epithelial cell markers.Both endocrine and epithelial cell components can act independently of each other and thus,careful grading of each component separately is required.These cancers are aggressive in nature and the potential of each component has paramount importance in the choice of treatment and response.Regardless of the organ of origin,these tumors portend poor prognosis with increased proportion of neuroendocrine component.Multidisciplinary services and strategies are required for the management of these mixed malignancies to provide the best oncological outcomes.The etiopathogenesis of these mixed tumors remains obscure but poses interesting question.We briefly discuss a few salient points in this editorial.

Imaging of mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney: A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND Mixed epithelial and stromal tumors of the kidney (MESTKs) are a rare entity (about a hundred cases reported).They occur almost exclusively in postmenopausal women,with only seven cases reported in men.As this entity is very rare,little is known on its imaging features,especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.In women,at MRI,the cystic component shows T1 hypointensity and T2 hyperintensity,while the solid component shows T1 hyperintensity and T2 hypointensity.CASE SUMMARY We report the computed tomography (CT) and MRI findings of MESTK in a 19- year-old male adolescent.To our knowledge,this case report is the first report of MRI findings of MESTK in male adolescents.The patient was admitted to Subei People's Hospital (Jiangsu Province,China) in July 2017 after a renal mass on the left side was detected by ultrasound during a clinical examination.Blood tests were all normal.Non-enhanced CT showed a round,well-circumscribed complex mass,approximately 45 mm × 40 mm in size.MRI revealed a clear wellcircumscribed mass with a mixed arrangement of solid and cystic components.On T2 weighted images,some hypointensities were found in the solid areas.After contrast enhancement,moderate or mild enhancement was found in the solid component,which increased with time.A radical left nephrectomy was performed.The pathology analysis revealed a mixed epithelial and stromal tumor.The patient had no imaging findings of recurrence or metastasis at 12 months following surgery.CONCLUSION The possibility of MESTK should be considered in male adolescents.MRI can provide useful information for the preoperative diagnosis.

Tumor-induced osteomalacia with elevated fibroblast growth factor 23: a case of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor mixed with connective tissue variants and review of the literature

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO), or oncogenic osteomalacia (OOM), is a rare acquired paraneoplastic disease characterized by renal phosphate wasting and hypophosphatemia. Recent evidence shows that tumor-overexpressed fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is responsible for the hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia. The tumors associated with TIO are usually phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor mixed connective tissue variants (PMTMCT). Surgical removal of the responsible tumors is clinically essential for the treatment of TIO. However, identifying the responsible tumors is often difficult. Here, we report a case of a TIO patient with elevated serum FGF23 levels suffering from bone pain and hypophosphatemia for more than three years. A tumor was finally located in first metacarpal bone by octreotide scintigraphy and she was cured by surgery. After complete excision of the tumor, serum FGF23 levels rapidly decreased, dropping to 54.7% of the preoperative level one hour after surgery and eventually to a little below normal. The patient's serum phosphate level rapidly improved and returned to normal level in four days. Accordingly, her clinical symptoms were greatly improved within one month after surgery. There was no sign of tumor recurrence during an 18-month period of follow-up. According to pathology, the tumor was originally diagnosed as "glomangioma" based upon a biopsy sample, "proliferative giant cell tumor of tendon sheath" based upon sections of tumor, and finally diagnosed as PMTMCT by consultation one year after surgery. In conclusion, although an extremely rare disease, clinicians and pathologists should be aware of the existence of TIO and PMTMCT, respectively.

High circulating N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and tumor necrosis factor-α in mixed cryoglobulinemia

AIM: To evaluate serum levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in a large series of patients with hepatitis C associated with mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC+HCV).METHODS: Serum NTproBNP and TNF-α levels were assayed in 50 patients with MC+HCV, and in 50 sex- and age-matched controls. RESULTS: Cryoglobulinemic patients showed signifi cantly higher mean NTproBNP and TNF-α levels than controls (P < 0.001; Mann-Whitney U test). By defining high NTproBNP level as a value higher than 125 pg/mL (the single cut-off point for outpatients under 75 years of age), 30% of MC+HCV and 6% of controls had high NTproBNP (χ2, P < 0.01). With a cut-off point of 300 pg/mL (used to rule out heart failure (HF) in patients under 75 years of age), 8% of MC+HCV and 0 controls had high NTproBNP (χ2, P < 0.04). With a cut-off point of 900 pg/mL (used for ruling in HF in patients aged 50-75 years; such as thepatients of our study), 6% of MC+HCV and 0 controls had high NTproBNP (χ2, P = 0.08).CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates high levels of circulating NTproBNP and TNF-α in MC+HCV patients. The increase of NTproBNP may indicate the presence of a subclinical cardiac dysfunction.

Clinical and Pathological Studies of Meningioma-Glioma Mixed Tumor

Meningioma-glioma mixed tumor is rare central nervous system tumor. It is necessary to study its clinical and pathological characteristics as well as its possible genesis. This case was a 54-year-old man who was readmitted for recurrent glioma. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a big mass in right temporal lobe which was confirmed as meningioma-glioma by immunohistochemical analysis. Specific immunohistochemical staining is significant in tumor differential diagnosis, and helps to confirm tumor histic origin. By pathological studies, we found that glioma could stimulate adjacent normal meninges into neoplastic proliferation.

Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor of the Kidney: A Case Report

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney (MESTK) is a recently described rare neoplasm. Malignant transformation, recurrence and metastasis are rare, therefore histopathological distinction from other renal neoplasms, especially from renal cell carcinoma is important. Histologically the tumor is composed of biphasic components including cysts and tubules embedded in the spindle cell stroma. We report a case of a MESTK in 60-year-old postmenopousal woman who presented with an incidental solid renal mass but no urinary complaint.

Mixed Tumor of the Appendix: A Rare Tumor Association

Malignant tumors of the appendix are rare. They are present in 0.1% to 0.5% of appendectomy specimens: confirmed upon histological analysis. Mixed tumors in the appendix are exceptional. We report a mixed mucinous cystadenoma with a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the appendix in a 64-year-old patient presented to the emergency room with bowel obstruction syndrome.

Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of the ampulla:Two case reports

Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma(MANEC)is a malignant tumor with adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine components,with≥30%of each component required.MANEC of the ampulla is rare.To the best of our knowledge,only 15 cases of MANEC of the ampulla have been reported in the English-language literature.Here,we report two cases of MANEC of the ampulla in two womenaged 43 and 60 years,which was confirmed by histology after pancreaticoduodenectomy.These tumors contained neuroendocrine and adenocarcinoma components.The neuroendocrine components were positive for chromogranin A(Cg A),synaptophysin(Syn)and CD56 by immunostaining.The adenocarcinoma components were negative for Cg A,Syn and CD56.Both cases were T3N0M0(StageⅢA).They survived for 15 and 20 mo after surgery,respectively.A brief discussion about the histopathological features,clinical behavior and treatment of MANEC of ampulla,and review of the relevant literature are presented.

Mixed epithelial endocrine neoplasms of the colon and rectum–An evolution over time:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Mixed tumors of the colon and rectum,composed of a combination of epithelial and endocrine elements of benign and malignant potential are rare neoplasms.These can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract and are often diagnosed incidentally.Though they have been a well-documented entity in the pancreas,where the exocrine-endocrine mixed tumors have been known for a while,recognition and accurate diagnosis of these tumors in the colon and rectum,to date,remains a challenge.This is further compounded by the different terminologies that have been attributed to these lesions over the years adding to increased confusion and misclassification.Therefore,dedicated literature reviews of these lesions in the colon and rectum are inconsistent and are predominantly limited to case reports and case series of limited case numbers.Though,most of these tumors are high grade and of advanced stage,intermediate and low grade lesions of these mixed tumors are also increasingly been reported.There are no established independent consensus based guidelines for the therapeutic patient management of these unique lesions.AIM To provide a comprehensive targeted literature review of these complex mixed tumors in the colon and rectum that chronicles the evolution over time with summarization of historical perspectives of terminology and to further our understanding regarding their pathogenesis including genomic landscape,clinicoradiological features,pathology,treatment,prognosis,the current status of the management of the primary lesions,their recurrences and metastases.METHODS A comprehensive review of the published English literature was conducted using the search engines PubMed,MEDLINE and GOOGLE scholar.The following search terms[“mixed tumors colon”OR mixed endocrine/neuroendocrine tumor/neoplasm/lesion colon OR adenocarcinoma and endocrine/neuroendocrine tumor colon OR mixed adenocarcinoma and endocrine/neuroendocrine carcinoma colon OR Amphicrine tumors OR Collision tumors]were used.Eligibility criteria were defined and all potential relevant items,including full articles and/or abstracts were independently reviewed,assessed and agreed upon items were selected for in-depth analysis.RESULTS In total 237 full articles/abstracts documents were considered for eligibility of which 45 articles were illegible resulting in a total of 192 articles that were assessed for eligibility of which 139 have been selected for reference in this current review.This seminal manuscript is a one stop article that provides a detailed outlook on the evolution over time with summarization of historical perspectives,nomenclature,clinicoradiological features,pathology,treatment,prognosis and the current status of the management of both the primary lesions,their recurrences and metastases.Gaps in knowledge have also been identified and discussed.An important outcome of this manuscript is the justified proposal for a new,simple,clinically relevant,non-ambiguous terminology for these lesions to be referred to as mixed epithelial endocrine neoplasms(MEENs).CONCLUSION MEEN of the colon and rectum are poorly understood rare entities that encompass an extensive range of heterogeneous tumors with a wide variety of combinations leading to tumors of high,intermediate or low grade malignant potential.This proposed new revised terminology of MEEN will solve the biggest hurdle of confusion and misclassification that plagues these rare unique colorectal neoplasms thus facilitating the future design of multi institutional prospective randomized controlled clinical trials to develop and evaluate newer therapeutic strategies that are recommended for continued improved understanding and personal optimization of clinical management of these unique colorectal neoplasms.

Successful management of a mixed epithelial and stromal renal tumor masquerading as lower pole renal cyst:A laparoscopic deroofing approach

Background:Renal cysts are common in clinical practice,but some may harbor rare pathological entities such as mixed epithelial and stromal tumors(MEST).Imaging studies are crucial for accurate diagnosis.While laparoscopic deroofing is an established approach for symptomatic renal cysts,encountering MEST within a cyst is uncommon.Case Presentation:We present the case of a 37-year-old female who presented with persistent left flank pain.Imaging revealed a large renal cyst in the lower pole of the left kidney,classified as Bosniak 2.Despite analgesia,the patient's symptoms persisted,leading to a laparoscopic deroofing procedure.Histopathological examination postprocedure revealed a MEST.The patient reported complete resolution of symptoms at the 3-month follow-up.Conclusion:This unique case presents the successful identification and surgical management of a MEST masquerading as a lower pole renal cyst through laparoscopic deroofing.It also contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the importance of considering rare pathological entities in the evaluation of renal cysts and the value of laparoscopic techniques in their management.

Mixed serous-neuroendocrine neoplasm of the pancreas: A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND Pancreatic mixed serous-neuroendocrine neoplasms(MSNNs)are mixed tumors containing two components with different pathologies,namely,pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm(PSCN)and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor(PanNET).For MSNNs,diffuse PSCN involving the whole pancreas is extremely rare,with only eight previous case reports.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old Chinese woman,with a free previous medical history and no obvious symptoms,was found to have a pancreatic neoplasm and admitted to our hospital for further diagnosis in March 2018.Abdominal palpation revealed a painless,mobile mass in the epigastrium,and no abnormalities were observed in an examination of the nervous system and ocular system.A computed tomography scan showed multiple cystic lesions involving the whole pancreas ranging in diameter from 0.4 to 2 cm and also revealed an enhanced mass,2.2 cm in diameter,in the head of the pancreas.Moreover,multiple cysts were found in the kidneys bilaterally,and the right lobe of the liver contained a small cyst.A Whipple operation with total pancreatectomy and splenectomy was performed.A diagnosis of pancreatic MSNN was established,consisting of diffuse serous microcystic cystadenoma with a concomitant grade 2 PanNET.Of note,the patient had no personal or family history of Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome or other disease.CONCLUSION We report the first case of MSNN with a diffuse PSCN component involving the entire pancreas in a Chinese woman.It is important to be aware of its relationship with VHL syndrome,and close clinical follow-up is recommended.

Goblet cell carcinoid of the appendix and mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma: Report of three cases

Neuroendocrine neoplasms are the most common epithelial tumors among appendix tumors. Appendix tumors that are completely or partially composed of neuroendocrine cells are divided into two categories: Classic carcinoid tumors and goblet cell carcinoid tumors(GCCT). They are known to progress more aggressively than classic(neuro) endocrine tumors. In this study, three cases with acute appendicitis symptoms are presented, including their clinical and histopathological findings. Microscopic examination detected GCCT in two cases and mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma in one case, in addition to acute appendicitis.

Diagnosis and treatment of mixed glioma

The authors present 83 patients with mixed glioma with experiences in clinical diagnosis and treatment.In all these cases.there were 44 tumors as grade 1 or 2,and 39 as grade 3 or 4.In 39 tumors.two glial components(oligodendrocytes and astrocytes) occurr

超声对女性生殖系统恶性苗勒管混合瘤的诊断价值

目的:探讨女性生殖系统恶性苗勒管混合瘤(MMMT)的超声特征,以期提高对该疾病的诊断水平。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月—2023年7月经我院病理证实的生殖系统MMMT 37例,分析其临床特征并总结其超声征象。37例患者平均年龄56岁,其中32例发生于子宫,4例发生于宫颈,1例发生于卵巢;35例主诉为阴道出血或流液,2例为盆腔包块。结果:术前32例进行了血清CA125检查,8例高于正常,余24例正常。CA125水平与肿块大小及临床分期无相关性。女性生殖系统MMMT彩色多普勒超声具有特征性表现:单发,回声疏松;体积大,平均长径52 mm,其中16例长径大于80 mm。由内部向浆膜层生长,无明显包膜,但可见与正常组织有分界。疏松的不均质中低回声相间分布,呈“小梁样”。肿块较大时内部可见“裂隙样”无回声区,中央区可见中低回声与高回声杂乱分布,呈“蜂窝状”改变;周边血流信号均丰富,肿块较大者中央区血流信号不丰富。结论:女性生殖系统MMMT多发生于子宫,症状多为绝经后阴道流血、流液;彩色多普勒超声具有较为特征性的表现,加强对其特征的认识有助于尽早诊断。

混合现实技术在口腔颌面部肿瘤诊疗中的应用

口腔颌面部肿瘤是口腔颌面外科的常见疾病,以虚拟手术设计、手术导航为代表的数字化外科技术目前已成为口腔颌面部肿瘤外科诊治的主要辅助手段。然而,现有的数字化技术在三维可视化成像、术中手眼配合等方面仍存在提升空间。目前,以混合现实技术为代表的三维可视化技术已经在医学领域迅速发展和应用,通过将三维虚拟图像叠加到真实的手术环境中,可辅助实现医学影像实时立体呈现,已逐步应用于口腔颌面部肿瘤的诊治中。术前可基于影像数据构建肿瘤及其周边重要结构三维模型,在混合现实环境中,进行个性化术前评估和手术方案设计;术中将混合现实技术与手术导航技术相结合,可以在术区真实环境中实时显示三维虚拟模型,克服单纯使用导航技术的手眼协调问题,进一步提高口腔颌面部肿瘤手术的精确性和安全性。混合现实技术与远程互联网医疗技术相结合,还可以提供高质量的教学平台,推动地区口腔颌面外科诊疗水平的发展。混合现实技术的局限性主要在于术区影像遮挡、单纯使用时精度不足、配准时间长等。笔者结合国内外文献报道以及本课题组的临床实践,对混合现实技术在口腔颌面部肿瘤诊疗中的应用进行归纳与总结。

睾丸混合性生殖细胞瘤的多模态超声特征分析

目的探讨睾丸混合性生殖细胞瘤(TMGCT)的多模态超声声像图特征及临床表现。方法选取2013年6月至2023年12月在郑州大学第一附属医院经病理证实的44例TMGCT患者,回顾性分析其声像图资料,包括灰阶超声、彩色多普勒超声、超声造影和弹性成像。结果44例患者年龄(24.65±9.59)岁,肿瘤最大径(50.77±23.31)mm;灰阶超声显示,34例(77.27%)超声表现为囊实性混合回声,7例(15.91%)为实行不均质低回声,1例(2.27%)为实性均匀低回声,1例(2.27%)实性不均质高回声,1例(2.27%)实性不均质中等回声;彩色多普勒超声显示,12例(27.27%)为Ⅰ级血流信号,20例(45.46%)为Ⅱ级血流信号,12例(27.27%)为Ⅲ级血流信号;超声造影显示,3例患者总体表现均为“快进快退”;弹性成像显示,2例病灶压力应变式弹性评分分别为3分、4分。结论多模态超声诊断TMGCT具有一定的影像特征,但总体较为复杂,结合血清肿瘤标志物及临床资料,可明显提高TMGCT的诊断及其鉴别诊断效果。

卵巢恶性苗勒管混合瘤超声表现1例

卵巢恶性苗勒管混合瘤(ovarian malignant mixed Mullerian tumor,OMMMT)是一种罕见的、具有高度侵袭性的肿瘤。由于该病临床表现不典型,多数患者在晚期才确诊。为提高该病诊断符合率,并为临床治疗策略提供依据,现回顾性分析于2020年9月收入暨南大学附属广州红十字会医院的经手术病理证实的1例OMMMT患者的临床资料及超声表现。超声表现:盆腹腔见一混合回声肿块,长径超窗,横径161 mm,前后径111 mm,形态不规则,周边囊壁厚薄不均,内壁不光滑,肿块内部回声不均匀,内见无回声、粗细不均的高回声分隔带及不规则乳头状低回声突起,肿块与子宫颈关系密切,盆腔未探及正常子宫体及双侧卵巢回声。彩色多普勒血流显像:肿块周边及分隔带上探及条状血流信号,乳头状突起内可探及较丰富的血流信号,并探及动脉频谱,PSV 12.1 cm/s,RI 0.59。

类装配体的构建方法及应用

背景:近年来,许多研究证实类装配体可弥补类器官无法完全重现细胞与细胞、细胞与基质间的互作关系的缺点,但处于发展初期的类装配体构建方式种类繁多,更无统一标准。目的:综述目前类装配体的构建方法、应用和优缺点,为促进体外细胞模型的发展和完善提供指导。方法:以“assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoids AND assemble,organoids AND microenvironment”为英文检索词,以“类装配体、类器官、类组装体、肿瘤微环境、类器官重组、多细胞模型”为中文检索词,检索PubMed、中国知网及万方数据库,在排除无关文章及去重后筛选出94篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:①根据细胞来源的不同,可将类装配体的构建方法分为自体组装、直接组装及混合组装3种;根据细胞培养方式的差异,又可分为悬浮培养法、“基质”培养法、器官芯片培养法和3D生物打印法。②自体组装过程涵盖细胞和组织的发育等早期过程,因此,在器官发育和发育障碍等领域有广阔的前景,而分化成熟细胞的功能相对较完善,由它们直接组装成的类装配体在功能障碍及细胞损伤性疾病的研究中更具潜力;自体组装或在器官移植方面更胜一筹,直接组装将更适用于组织损伤的修复,混合组装综合了前两者的优势,多用于探索微环境中细胞的生理和病理机制以及药物筛选等领域。③虽然不同的类装配体各具优势,但都面临脉管系统不完善的难题;每种类装配体构建方法也存在各自的局限性,如自体组装形成的类装配体中细胞分化程度与体内的差异,直接组装模型的细胞种类固定、无法完全反映复杂的体内微环境等均是亟待解决的难题。④将来随着类装配体培养技术的不断完善,研究者们可以在体外组装出具有更复杂组织结构的仿生类器官,为研究人类组织和器官生理及病理过程提供无限趋近真实的模型。

区域性切除手术治疗腮腺混合瘤对患者面部神经和肌肉功能的影响

目的 探究区域性切除手术治疗腮腺混合瘤对患者面部神经和肌肉功能的影响情况。方法 前瞻性选取2020年3月至2022年3月在中国人民解放军北部战区总医院接受治疗的113例腮腺混合瘤患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=56)和研究组(n=57)。对照组患者采用传统全腮腺切除术,研究组患者采用区域性切除术。比较两组患者临床指标(手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、解剖面神经分支数)、术后面神经损伤情况、术后面部肌肉情况、腮腺分泌功能情况及不良反应发生情况。结果 研究组的手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、解剖面神经分支数分别为(109.26±23.48) min、(52.16±5.98) mL、(9.41±2.49) cm、(2.19±0.35)支,均低于对照组[(146.06±23.15) min、(72.55±7.04) mL、(14.26±3.16) cm、(4.21±0.63)支],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组面神经颧支、颊支、下颌缘支功能损伤的发生率分别为5.26%、7.02%、8.77%,均低于对照组(57.14%、64.29%、98.21%),House-Back-mann面神经损伤分级评分为(1.78±0.66)分,低于对照组[(2.67±0.78)分],Portmann评分为(17.88±2.63)分,高于对照组[(13.65±3.15)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前及术后3个月时,两组组间腮腺分泌功能比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后6、12个月时,研究组患健侧腮腺分泌差值分别为15.59±5.11、16.02±5.46,均低于对照组(38.21±3.16、36.46±4.15),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组皮下积液、Frey综合征、面瘫及面部畸形的发生率分别为3.51%、10.53%、7.02%、7.02%,均低于对照组(21.43%、32.14%、26.79%、28.59%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 区域性切除手术对腮腺混合瘤患者具有一定的优势,可以降低面部神经和肌肉功能损伤的风险,同时可以减少对腮腺功能的损害,降低并发症发生情况。