Preparation and Sinterability of Mn-Zn Ferrite Powders by Sol-Gel Method

Mn-Zn spinel ferrites were synthesized by sol-gel method. Effects of calcined temperature on structure and particle size of MnZnFe2O4 were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD patterns indicate that the ultra fine Mn-Zn ferrite exhibits a spinel crystal structure. SEM images show that the powder fired at 900℃for 2 h has an average diameter of 60 ~ 90 nm. The particle size becomes larger with the increasing of calcined temperature and the distribution of particle becomes even more homogeneous. Sintering behaviors of synthesized ferrite powders depend on the powder characteristics and high temperatures have induced the good crystallization of particles.

Effects of Ce^(3+) doping on the structure and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrite fibers

Ce3+-doped Mn-Zn ferrite fibers were successfully prepared by the organic gel-thermal decomposition method from metal salts and citric acid. The composition,structure,and magnetic properties of these ferrite fibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results show that Mn0.2Zn0.8Fe2-xCexO4 (x = 0-0.04) fibers are featured with an average grain size of 11.6-12.7 nm,with diameters ranging between 1.0 to 3.5 μm and a high ...

Effects of Heating Processing on Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Mn-Zn Ferrites Prepared via Chemical Co-precipitation

The fine powders of Mn-Zn ferrites with uniform size were prepared via chemical co- precipitation method. X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM）, frequency dependence of permeability and metallographical microscope were used to investigate the crystal structure, surface topography and magnetic properties of the powders and the sintering samples. The experimental results demonstrate that the precursor powders have formed a pure phase cubic spinel MnxZn1-xfe2O4 while in the reactor and show definite magnetism, which can solve the difficult issue in washing process effectively. When calcined beneath 450 ℃, the powders have intact crystal form and the crystallite size is less than 20 nm. Comparison tests of sintering temperatures show that 1 300 ℃ is the ideal sintering temperature for Mn-Zn ferrites prepared by using the chemical co-precipitation.

Preparation and Magnetic Properties of Mn-Zn Ferrites by the Co-precipitation Method

Mn-Zn ferrites （Mn1-xZnxFe2O4） with different compositions were prepared by the coprecipitation method, and the influences of such synthesis conditions as pH value, composition and volume ratio （R） of the mixed solution and NH4HCO3 solution on their microstructures and magnetic properties were discussed. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and magnetization measurement instrument. Lattice parameters and average crystalline size of the synthesized materials were calculated from the corresponding XRD patterns with the related software Jade.5. For samples of different pH values, only one phase was found when pH values were 7.0, 8.0 and 9.0. The sample with pH value of 7.0 exhibited the highest saturation magnetic induction, the lowest coercive force, and crystallized best. For samples of different R values with pH value of 7.0, only one phase was observed in all samples, and the sample with R value of 2.3 exhibited the highest saturation magnetic induction and the lowest coercive force. The composition has mainly afected the magnetic properties, and the saturation magnetic induction increases with the increase of the content of Zn （x）, but decreases when x is beyond 0.6. The trend of coercive force is on the contrary. However, no magnetism is exhibited when the x value is up to 0.8.

Magnetic properties and microstructures of SnO_2 doped Mn-Zn ferrites

The effects of additive SnO2 (0.4wt.%), with and without SiO2 (0.02wt.%) and/or CaO (0.04wt.%), on the microstructure and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrites were reported. The results reveal that SnO2 on its own increases the initial permeability (μi) slightly, but SnO2 with SiO2 and/or CaO decreases the values of μi. However, ferrites with SnO2 additions have reduced power losses. The separate contributions of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss to the total power loss show that SnO2 (with or without SiO2 and/or CaO) doping increases the hysteresis loss slightly, but SnO2 doping alone reduces the eddy current loss significantly (～14%). The additions of SiO2 or CaO further decrease the eddy current loss, and by interaction of SnO2-CaO-SiO2, the eddy current loss is reduced by more than 20%. These magnetic and microstructural effects were discussed in terms of the additive-impurity interaction, the existence of grain boundary phases, and the effective bulk and grain boundary resistivities of the ferrites.

Effect of V2O5-CaCO3-Nb2O5 Contents on Properties of Low Power Loss Mn-Zn Ferrites

Effect of the content of dopants in the manganese-zinc ferrites on the low power loss is studied by measuring magnetic properties and observing the grain boundary structures. The Mn0.738Zn0.206Fe2.066O4 composition powders were prepared by using conventional ceramic powder processing technique. The microstructure of grain boundary was observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. It has been found that power loss is greatly dependent upon the content of the additives.

Magnetic Hysteresis and Complex Initial Permeability of Cr³⁺Substituted Mn-Zn Ferrites

The impact of Cr3+ ion on the magnetic properties of Mn0.50Zn0.50CrxFe2-xO4 (with x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) has been studied. Ferrite samples were synthesized by combustion method and sintered at various temperatures (1250°C, 1300°C and 1350°C). The structural properties were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction patterns and indicated that the samples possess single phase cubic spinel structure. The lattice parameter decreases with the increase in Cr3+ content, as the ionic radius of Cr3+ ion is smaller than that of Fe3+. The average grain size (D), bulk density (ρB) and initial permeability (μi’ )decreases with increase in Cr3+ content whereas porosity follows its opposite trend. The ρB was found to increase with increase in Cr3+ content as the sintering temperature (Ts) is increased from 1250°C to 1350°C. The Ts affects the densification, grain growth and (μi’ ) of the samples. The (μi’ ) strongly depends on average grain size, density and intragranular porosity. The B-H loops of the compositions were measured at room temperature. The saturation magnetization (Ms), coercivity (Hc) and hysteresis losses were studied as a function of Cr3+ content. The Ms was found to decrease with the increase of Cr3+ content, which is attributed to the dilution of A-B interaction.

Effect of Nd Doping on Nanosized Mn-Zn Ferrite

Nanosized Mn-Zn ferrite doped with Nd (Mn_ 0.6Zn_ 0.4Nd_xFe_ 2-xO_4) were fabricated by hydrothermal precipitation route and studied by XRD, TEM, DSC and VSM. The effects of Nd doping on manganese zinc ferrites were discussed. The results show that the samples with a small amount of Nd doping are spinel crystal structure and uniformly nanosized particles with little aggregation. DSC analysis of Mn_ 0.6Zn_ 0.4Fe_2O_4 and Mn_ 0.6Zn_ 0.4Nd_ 0.06Fe_ 1.94O_4 samples both present two exothermic peaks ascribed to the redistribution of Mn 2+, Zn 2+ and Fe 3+ ions in the two sub-lattices (tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites), and the oxidation of Mn 2+-ions at higher temperatures respectively. The saturation magnetization (M_s) for Mn_ 0.6Zn_ 0.4Nd_xFe_ 2-xO_4 ferrites increase with (x) up to 0.06 and decrease for higher concentrations. And supermagnetic behavior was observed at 25 ℃ in the M-H loops of Mn_ 0.6Zn_ 0.4Fe_2O_4 and Mn_ 0.6Zn_ 0.4Nd_ 0.06Fe_ 1.94O_4 samples for their extremely small sizes.

Sintering process and grain growth of Mn-Zn ferrite nanoparticles

The density, microstructure and magnetic properties of non-doped Mn-Zn ferrite nanoparticles sintered compacts were investigated. The compacts of non-doped Mn-Zn ferrite nanoparticles were sintered by segmented-sintering process at lower sintering temperature. The density of sintered samples was measured by Archimedes method, and the phase composition and microstructure were examined by XRD and SEM. The sintered Mn-Zn ferrite magnetic measurements were carried out with Vibrating Sample. The results show that the density of sintered compacts increases with the rising of sintering temperature, achieving 4.8245 g·cm-3 when sintered at 900 ℃, which is the optimal density of Mn-Zn functional ferrite needed and from the fractured surface of sintered samples, it can be seen that the grain grows well with small grain size and homogeneous distribution.

Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microwave Absorbing Behaviour of Mn-Zn Ferrite

The microwave absorbing behaviour of Mn-Zn ferrite sintered at 1100,1200,1300,1400 and 1500℃ has been investigated.The phase constitution of the ferrite was analyzed by X-ray diffraction.The results show that the ferrite sintered at 1 500℃ has better microwave absorbing prop- erty than those prepared at other temperatures,due to the increase of turbulent loss generated by the formation of excessive Fe^(2+) in deoxidizing of Fe_2O_3 at high temperatures.

Influence of Processing Parameters on the Magnetic Properties of Mn-Zn Ferrites

Pure MnO2, ZnO and Fe2O3 were used to prepare a Mn-Zn Ferrite sample of the nominal composition Mn0.64Zn0.29Fe2.07O4. These oxides were mixed firstly for 1hr, and then were milled for 20 and for 40 hrs. The as-mixed and the milled powders were examined by XRD and ME spectroscopy. The investigated samples were further mixed with PVA, granulated, cold pressed and sintered at different temperatures (1000, 1300 and 1400 oC) for 2 hrs and were then reinvestigated again. The magnetic properties of all samples before and after sintering were characterized using VSM at a field of 15 k Oe. When the powder oxides were milled for 20 hrs, detectable diffusion reaction was observed where the centers of all XRD peaks (due to Fe2O3 and MnO2) shifted to higher 2? angles, suggesting that Zn2+ cations had diffused through Fe3+ and/or Mn4+ lattices. The observed increase in the width of the XRD peaks can be attributed to the refinement of the powders by milling. Milling of the powder for 40 hrs resulted in the formation of spinel phase of (Zn, Fe), but MnO2 was disappeared probably due to the formation of amorphous structure. Sintering at 1000, 1300, and 1400 oC resulted in the formation of different spinel (Mn-Zn) ferrites. The ME measurements followed the gradual formation the manganese zinc ferrite until complete formation which observed in the sample that milled for 40 hrs followed by sintering at 1300 oC for two hrs. However, it can be concluded that, the processing conditions of such sample represent are the best conditions for obtaining a soft manganese zinc ferrite (single phase).

The Influence of Zn²⁺Ions Substitution on the Microstructure and Transport Properties of Mn-Zn Nanoferrites

The effect of Zn2+ ions on the microstructure and electrical properties of Mn1-xZnxFe2O4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 in steps of 0.1) through a solid state reaction has been investigated. The structural properties have been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The XRD analysis confirms that all samples are in a single-phase cubic spinel structure. The experimental lattice parameter (aexp) was decreased with increasing Zn2+ ions substitution due to the smaller ionic radius of zinc content. The crystallite size (t) of samples was estimated by Scherrer’s formula and found in the range (90 - 115 nm). Dc electrical resistivity and Seebeck voltage coefficients were measured as a function of temperature using the two probe methods. The temperature variation of resistivity exhibits two breaks, each break referring to a change in the activation energy. The Curie temperature estimated from dc resistivity measurement decreases with increasing Zn2+ ions. Seebeck voltage coefficient measurements reveal n-type conduction for all samples.

Synthesis, XRD &SEM Studies of Zinc Substitution in Nickel Ferrites by Citrate Gel Technique

Ni-Zn ferrite with a nominal composition of Ni1–XZnXFe2O4 (X = 0, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9 & 1.0) ferrite powders have been successfully prepared at a very low temperature (180℃) by a novel auto combustion process using citric acid as a coordinating agent. Phase purity of the solid solutions has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Morphological, elemental composition characterizations of the prepared samples were performed by high resolution scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Magnetic properties of all samples are obtained by using VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) in the range of 10 K oe. The saturation magnetization values of the samples are carried out from the B-H loop. The effect of composition on saturation magnetization and magnetic moment are studied in this paper. The results showed that Saturation magnetization and magnetic moment values increases gradually as Zn2+ composition increases, it reaches maximum value 70.28 emu/gm for (X = 0.6) and decreases further with increasing Zn2+ composition.

Mn-Zn铁氧体前驱体粉末压制性能研究

研究了Mn-Zn铁氧体前驱体粉末的压制性能,探讨了压制压力、球磨时间、预烧温度对前驱体粉末压坯密度的影响。结果表明:(1)压坯密度随着压制压力的增大而增大,当压制压力达到225 MPa以上时,在750℃、800℃预烧的粉末压坯密度增加趋势减缓,但在850℃、900℃预烧的粉末压坯密度继续随压制压力增加而增加,压力达到300 MPa时密度增加趋势减缓,球磨10 h 900℃预烧粉末的压制密度达到3.456 g/cm3,得到的压坯密度较大;(2)压坯密度随着预烧温度的增加而增加,球磨10 h的粉末分别在温度750℃、800℃、850℃、900℃预烧,成形压力300 MPa得到的压坯密度分别为2.85 g/cm3、2.92 g/cm3、3.12 g/cm3、3.31 g/cm3;(3)球磨时间对Mn-Zn铁氧体的压制性能有一定影响,随着球磨时间的增加压坯密度有增加的趋势,但是增加趋势不明显。

Low-Temperature Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Mn_0.2Ni_0.8Fe2O₄by Oxalate Precursor Route

Manganese nickel ferrite (Mn0.2Ni0.8Fe2O4) powder was synthesized through oxalate precursor route. The effect of annealing temperature (400℃ - 1100℃) on the formation, crystalline size, morphology and magnetic properties was systematically studied. The resultant powders were investigated by thermal analyzer (TG-DTG-DSC), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Based on thermal analysis results, the oxalate mixture decomposed thermally in multisteps weight loss up to about 680℃. XRD indicated that Mn0.2Ni0.8Fe2O4 formed at much lower annealing temperature (≤400℃) but contained α-Fe2O3 impurity. The hematite phase decreased by increasing the annealing temperature. The lattice parameters were increased with increasing annealing temperature up to 1000℃. The average crystalline size increased by increasing the annealing temperature. Single well crystalline ferrite was obtained at 800℃with crystallite size about 109 nm. The saturation magnetization of the ferrites powders continuously increased with the increase in annealing temperature. Maximum saturation magnetization 48.2 emu/g was achieved for the formed Mn0.2Ni0.8Fe2O4 phase at annealing temperature 1100℃.

Influence of Boron Content in Iron Oxide on Performance of Mn-Zn Ferrites

The ferrites of PC30 （Mn-Zn ferrites） were prepared by using a dry processing route. The effect of Mn-Zn ferrites doped with H3BO3 was investigated on the basis of microstructure analysis. The results of the samples doped with H3BO3 less than 5 × 10^-5 showed that the doping had no significant effect on power loss, initial permeability, fine grain microstructure, and density of Mn-Zn ferrites. With the further increase in H3BO3 doping （up to 1 × 10 ^-4 ）, the microstructure of Mn-Zn ferrites is in the critical state between fine grain and ＂sandwich＂, and the initial permeability and density of Mn-Zn ferrites begin falling quickly; the increased H3BO3 doping also results in deteriorated power loss properties. Thus, the control of the boron content in iron oxide is of utmost importance for the quality of Mn-Zn ferrites in producing process.

Magnetic properties of samarium and gadolinium co-doping Mn-Zn ferrites obtained by sol-gel auto-combustion method

Mn-Zn ferrites doped with different contents of Sm^（3＋） and Gd^（3＋） ions were prepared by sol-gel auto-combustion method and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, thermogravimetric analysis（TG）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and vibrating sample magnetometer（VSM）. When samples were calcined in a relatively low temperature below 1100 °C, secondary phases（α-Fe_2O_3） could be identified. Therefore, in order to acquire pure and better crystallinity, the suitable calcining temperature of powders was selected at 1200 °C. It was also found that all the samples consisting of ferrite phases of typical spinel cubic structure and average crystallite sizes between 31.5 and 38.2 nm were obtained after calcining at 1200 oC for 4 h. The lattice parameters increased almost linearly with increasing Sm content. A dense microstructure was obtained after sintering at 1250 °C for 4 h. Through the analysis of magnetic properties, hysteresis loops for all the samples were narrow with low values of coercivity and retentivity, indicating the paramagnetic nature of these samples. And saturation magnetization Ms strongly depended on the type of additive to reach a maximum of 47.99 emu/g for x=0.015, which showed a great promise for hyperthermia applications.

Controllable magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite particles derived from layered double hydroxide precursors

Cobalt ferrite CoxNi1-xFe2O4 （x = 0, 0.5, 1 ） particles with controllable magnetic properties have been prepared by calcination of co-substituted NiFe^2＋Fe^3＋ -layered double hydroxide （NiFe^2＋Fe^3＋-LDH） precursors prepared via a scalable method involving separate nucleation and aging steps （SNAS）. Their structural and magnetic characteristics were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and vibrating sample magnetometry （VSM）. Measurements of magnetic properties show that the saturation magnetization （Ms） and coercivity （He） of the calcined products increased with increasing cobalt content. The LDH precursor-based product obtained by calcination of a mixture of CoFe^2＋Fe3^＋-LDH and NiFe^2＋Fe^3＋ -LDH powders with a Co/Ni molar ratio of 1：1, exhibits a moderate value of Ms and an increased value of He compared to the corresponding values for an Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 material prepared by calcination of a Co0.5Ni0.5Fe^2＋Fe^3＋-LDH precursor, and a physical mixture of CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 with a Co/Ni molar ratio of 1 ： 1. These results may provide a way to regulate magnetic anisotropy of ferrite spinels by varying the composition of the LDH precursors.

棒状钡铁氧体的反相微乳法制备

高纯度钡铁氧体磁粉(BaFe12O19)是一种重要的磁记录介质[1-4],而除了磁粉的纯度外,颗粒的尺寸和形状也对磁粉的性能有重要的影响[5,6],Deng等人[7]采用在针状γ-Fe2O3颗粒表面包覆钡铁氧体的方法获得针状钡铁氧体磁性颗粒,大大提高了材料的磁性能,但对直接制备棒状钡铁氧体颗粒的报道较少.

溶胶直接自蔓燃法制备NiZn铁氧体粉末研究

以柠檬酸铁或硝酸铁、硝酸锌、硝酸镍和柠檬酸为原料,利用溶胶直接自蔓延燃烧反应成功制备了尖晶石结构的NiZn铁氧体粉末.研究结果表明,溶胶直接自蔓延燃烧法形成的NiZn铁氧体粉末的颗粒尺寸总体较小,在含柠檬酸铁体系中晶粒平均尺寸仅为16～23nm,当柠檬酸量与金属盐总量的摩尔比为2时,形成的NiZn铁氧体粉末晶粒尺寸达最大.溶胶直接自蔓延燃烧法得到的NiZn铁氧体粉末的饱和磁化强度相对较小,约为10.54emu/g,矫顽力较大,约为412.5Oe .