Puncturing has been recognized as a promising technology to cope with the coexistence problem of enhanced mobile broadband(eMBB) and ultra-reliable low latency communications(URLLC)traffic. However, the steady perform...Puncturing has been recognized as a promising technology to cope with the coexistence problem of enhanced mobile broadband(eMBB) and ultra-reliable low latency communications(URLLC)traffic. However, the steady performance of eMBB traffic while meeting the requirements of URLLC traffic with puncturing is a major challenge in some realistic scenarios. In this paper, we pay attention to the timely and energy-efficient processing for eMBB traffic in the industrial Internet of Things(IIoT), where mobile edge computing(MEC) is employed for data processing. Specifically, the performance of eMBB traffic and URLLC traffic in a MEC-based IIoT system is ensured by setting the threshold of tolerable delay and outage probability, respectively. Furthermore,considering the limited energy supply, an energy minimization problem of eMBB device is formulated under the above constraints, by jointly optimizing the resource blocks(RBs) punctured by URLLC traffic, data offloading and transmit power of eMBB device. With Markov's inequality, the problem is reformulated by transforming the probabilistic outage constraint into a deterministic constraint. Meanwhile, an iterative energy minimization algorithm(IEMA) is proposed.Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm has a significant reduction in the energy consumption for eMBB device and achieves a better overall effect compared to several benchmarks.展开更多
In many IIoT architectures,various devices connect to the edge cloud via gateway systems.For data processing,numerous data are delivered to the edge cloud.Delivering data to an appropriate edge cloud is critical to im...In many IIoT architectures,various devices connect to the edge cloud via gateway systems.For data processing,numerous data are delivered to the edge cloud.Delivering data to an appropriate edge cloud is critical to improve IIoT service efficiency.There are two types of costs for this kind of IoT network:a communication cost and a computing cost.For service efficiency,the communication cost of data transmission should be minimized,and the computing cost in the edge cloud should be also minimized.Therefore,in this paper,the communication cost for data transmission is defined as the delay factor,and the computing cost in the edge cloud is defined as the waiting time of the computing intensity.The proposed method selects an edge cloud that minimizes the total cost of the communication and computing costs.That is,a device chooses a routing path to the selected edge cloud based on the costs.The proposed method controls the data flows in a mesh-structured network and appropriately distributes the data processing load.The performance of the proposed method is validated through extensive computer simulation.When the transition probability from good to bad is 0.3 and the transition probability from bad to good is 0.7 in wireless and edge cloud states,the proposed method reduced both the average delay and the service pause counts to about 25%of the existing method.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the service industry mobile marketing under the mobile Internet background. Marketing activities from scratch, never valued to the cherished, the Marketing Department in from scra...In this paper, we conduct research on the service industry mobile marketing under the mobile Internet background. Marketing activities from scratch, never valued to the cherished, the Marketing Department in from scratch, from the production of auxiliary department to the enterprise leading department of course have made indelible contribution to the development of the enterprise. Services marketing is not justfor external customers, at the same time also want to take a marketing gimmick to internal customers. External marketing is a pointer to a series of services provided by the customer, including all preferential foreign propaganda and sales promotion action plan, including personnel and more than the personnel communication skills, as well as the services provided by all service equipment. This paper analyzes this issue from theunique perspective that is meaningful.展开更多
The Industrial Internet is a promising technology combining industrial systems with Internet connectivity to significantly improve the product efficiency and reduce production cost by cooperating with intelligent devi...The Industrial Internet is a promising technology combining industrial systems with Internet connectivity to significantly improve the product efficiency and reduce production cost by cooperating with intelligent devices,in which the advanced computing,big data analysis and intelligent perception techniques have been involved.This paper comprehensively surveys the recent advances of the Industrial Internet,including reference architectures,key technologies,relative applications and future challenges.Reference architectures which have been proposed for different application scenarios and their corresponding characteristics are summarized.Key technologies,such as cloud computing,mobile edge computing,fog computing,which are classified according to different layers in the architecture,are presented to support a variety of applications in the Industrial Internet.Meanwhile,future challenges and research trends are discussed as well to promote further research of the Industrial Internet.展开更多
工业物联网(Industrial Internet of Things,IIoT)的快速发展,实现了信息的实时交互、设备的泛在感知和数据的快速分析处理。然而因为现场设备的异构性、自身资源的有限性、设备和数据的低安全性等缺陷极大地阻碍了IIoT的发展。因此提出...工业物联网(Industrial Internet of Things,IIoT)的快速发展,实现了信息的实时交互、设备的泛在感知和数据的快速分析处理。然而因为现场设备的异构性、自身资源的有限性、设备和数据的低安全性等缺陷极大地阻碍了IIoT的发展。因此提出在IIoT环境中引入移动边缘计算(Mobile Edge Computing,MEC)技术,以提高网络的计算和存储能力,降低网络带宽和处理时延,增强网络安全。介绍MEC的相关概念、服务器架构和典型应用场景;从目前面向IIoT的MEC架构、计算卸载、资源分配和安全四个方面介绍MEC在IIoT环境中的应用及研究现状;总结归纳目前在IIoT环境中部署MEC存在的核心问题,并对该领域的未来发展进行论述与展望。展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62171051)。
文摘Puncturing has been recognized as a promising technology to cope with the coexistence problem of enhanced mobile broadband(eMBB) and ultra-reliable low latency communications(URLLC)traffic. However, the steady performance of eMBB traffic while meeting the requirements of URLLC traffic with puncturing is a major challenge in some realistic scenarios. In this paper, we pay attention to the timely and energy-efficient processing for eMBB traffic in the industrial Internet of Things(IIoT), where mobile edge computing(MEC) is employed for data processing. Specifically, the performance of eMBB traffic and URLLC traffic in a MEC-based IIoT system is ensured by setting the threshold of tolerable delay and outage probability, respectively. Furthermore,considering the limited energy supply, an energy minimization problem of eMBB device is formulated under the above constraints, by jointly optimizing the resource blocks(RBs) punctured by URLLC traffic, data offloading and transmit power of eMBB device. With Markov's inequality, the problem is reformulated by transforming the probabilistic outage constraint into a deterministic constraint. Meanwhile, an iterative energy minimization algorithm(IEMA) is proposed.Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm has a significant reduction in the energy consumption for eMBB device and achieves a better overall effect compared to several benchmarks.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIT) (No.2021R1C1C1013133)supported by the Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP)grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIT) (RS-2022-00167197,Development of Intelligent 5G/6G Infrastructure Technology for The Smart City)supported by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.
文摘In many IIoT architectures,various devices connect to the edge cloud via gateway systems.For data processing,numerous data are delivered to the edge cloud.Delivering data to an appropriate edge cloud is critical to improve IIoT service efficiency.There are two types of costs for this kind of IoT network:a communication cost and a computing cost.For service efficiency,the communication cost of data transmission should be minimized,and the computing cost in the edge cloud should be also minimized.Therefore,in this paper,the communication cost for data transmission is defined as the delay factor,and the computing cost in the edge cloud is defined as the waiting time of the computing intensity.The proposed method selects an edge cloud that minimizes the total cost of the communication and computing costs.That is,a device chooses a routing path to the selected edge cloud based on the costs.The proposed method controls the data flows in a mesh-structured network and appropriately distributes the data processing load.The performance of the proposed method is validated through extensive computer simulation.When the transition probability from good to bad is 0.3 and the transition probability from bad to good is 0.7 in wireless and edge cloud states,the proposed method reduced both the average delay and the service pause counts to about 25%of the existing method.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the service industry mobile marketing under the mobile Internet background. Marketing activities from scratch, never valued to the cherished, the Marketing Department in from scratch, from the production of auxiliary department to the enterprise leading department of course have made indelible contribution to the development of the enterprise. Services marketing is not justfor external customers, at the same time also want to take a marketing gimmick to internal customers. External marketing is a pointer to a series of services provided by the customer, including all preferential foreign propaganda and sales promotion action plan, including personnel and more than the personnel communication skills, as well as the services provided by all service equipment. This paper analyzes this issue from theunique perspective that is meaningful.
基金the State Major Science and Technology Special Projects(Grant 2018ZX03001023-005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61831002,61728101,and 61671074the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.JQ18016.
文摘The Industrial Internet is a promising technology combining industrial systems with Internet connectivity to significantly improve the product efficiency and reduce production cost by cooperating with intelligent devices,in which the advanced computing,big data analysis and intelligent perception techniques have been involved.This paper comprehensively surveys the recent advances of the Industrial Internet,including reference architectures,key technologies,relative applications and future challenges.Reference architectures which have been proposed for different application scenarios and their corresponding characteristics are summarized.Key technologies,such as cloud computing,mobile edge computing,fog computing,which are classified according to different layers in the architecture,are presented to support a variety of applications in the Industrial Internet.Meanwhile,future challenges and research trends are discussed as well to promote further research of the Industrial Internet.
文摘工业物联网(Industrial Internet of Things,IIoT)的快速发展,实现了信息的实时交互、设备的泛在感知和数据的快速分析处理。然而因为现场设备的异构性、自身资源的有限性、设备和数据的低安全性等缺陷极大地阻碍了IIoT的发展。因此提出在IIoT环境中引入移动边缘计算(Mobile Edge Computing,MEC)技术,以提高网络的计算和存储能力,降低网络带宽和处理时延,增强网络安全。介绍MEC的相关概念、服务器架构和典型应用场景;从目前面向IIoT的MEC架构、计算卸载、资源分配和安全四个方面介绍MEC在IIoT环境中的应用及研究现状;总结归纳目前在IIoT环境中部署MEC存在的核心问题,并对该领域的未来发展进行论述与展望。
