The question of understanding and dealing with the small peasants(xiao nong)in the course of the transition from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society is a significant theoretical and practical...The question of understanding and dealing with the small peasants(xiao nong)in the course of the transition from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society is a significant theoretical and practical issue.Previous views emphasized the peasants’vulnerability and suggested that they would eventually be replaced by other business entities.Such proposals cannot explain the fact that it was traditional small peasants who created China’s agrarian civilization and that the small farming household based on the household contract responsibility system is still the main force in China’s agricultural modernization.Re-examining the historical position and vitality of the small peasants,we can see that despite being vulnerable,they are"fragile but unbreakable;weak but never slackening"in their interaction with the external environment under various pressures.Historically,this kind of resilience has been endogenous within the long-term autonomous responsibility mechanism of China’s small peasants,expressed in their reciprocal responsibility as a community of a shared future;in their sharing of burdens as a living community;in their internalization of responsibility as a community of production;and in their joint responsibility as a political community.After 1949,rural reform created conditions for the modern transformation of the resilient small peasant.Organization,socialization and state involvement have further enhanced the modern small peasants’resilience and developmental capacity,fueling the organic integration of small peasants and modern agriculture and driving the vigor of agricultural modernization.展开更多
Xinjiang is an important area connecting China with other Central Asian countries and a strategic location for safeguarding national security.Its economic development is the core and key of China’s“the Belt and Road...Xinjiang is an important area connecting China with other Central Asian countries and a strategic location for safeguarding national security.Its economic development is the core and key of China’s“the Belt and Road Initiative”strategy.However,there are existing problems in Xinjiang,such as water resource shortages,agricultural inefficiency,increasing desertification,and an imbalance in regional economic development.In response to these problems,the project team innovatively proposed a strategic concept of using energy to develop modem agriculture facilities in Xinjiang to control desertification.The Xinjiang Energy-Based Desert Management Project is guided by the concept of ecological civilization,and the promotion of Xinjiang’s desert governance system and modernization of governance capacity.展开更多
基金the National Social Science Fund of China project“Property Rights Governance:The Governance Effects of Rural Collective Property Rights Reform”(No.18BZZ105)。
文摘The question of understanding and dealing with the small peasants(xiao nong)in the course of the transition from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society is a significant theoretical and practical issue.Previous views emphasized the peasants’vulnerability and suggested that they would eventually be replaced by other business entities.Such proposals cannot explain the fact that it was traditional small peasants who created China’s agrarian civilization and that the small farming household based on the household contract responsibility system is still the main force in China’s agricultural modernization.Re-examining the historical position and vitality of the small peasants,we can see that despite being vulnerable,they are"fragile but unbreakable;weak but never slackening"in their interaction with the external environment under various pressures.Historically,this kind of resilience has been endogenous within the long-term autonomous responsibility mechanism of China’s small peasants,expressed in their reciprocal responsibility as a community of a shared future;in their sharing of burdens as a living community;in their internalization of responsibility as a community of production;and in their joint responsibility as a political community.After 1949,rural reform created conditions for the modern transformation of the resilient small peasant.Organization,socialization and state involvement have further enhanced the modern small peasants’resilience and developmental capacity,fueling the organic integration of small peasants and modern agriculture and driving the vigor of agricultural modernization.
文摘Xinjiang is an important area connecting China with other Central Asian countries and a strategic location for safeguarding national security.Its economic development is the core and key of China’s“the Belt and Road Initiative”strategy.However,there are existing problems in Xinjiang,such as water resource shortages,agricultural inefficiency,increasing desertification,and an imbalance in regional economic development.In response to these problems,the project team innovatively proposed a strategic concept of using energy to develop modem agriculture facilities in Xinjiang to control desertification.The Xinjiang Energy-Based Desert Management Project is guided by the concept of ecological civilization,and the promotion of Xinjiang’s desert governance system and modernization of governance capacity.
