The main purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the simplified Chinese STOP-BANG Questionnaire(SBQ)as a diagnosing and screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).T...The main purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the simplified Chinese STOP-BANG Questionnaire(SBQ)as a diagnosing and screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Two hundred and ten patients with suspected OSAHS were recruited in this study.The simplified Chinese SBQ was completed twice before and after polysomnography(PSG)monitoring.SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the test-retest reliability,discriminant validity,comparative validity and predictive validity of the SBQ.Fourteen patients were excluded on account of fragmentary data,and valid 196 were divided into four groups:non-OSAHS group(n=28,14.29%),mild OSAHS group(n=28,14.29%),moderate OSAHS group(n=31,15.81%)and severe OSAHS group(n=109,55.61%).The test-retest coefficient tor the first four items was 0.810,0.679,0.775,0.963 respectively and the total score of the STOP questionnaire was 0.854.The analysis of discriminant validity revealed that there were significant differences among four groups in the total score of the SBQ and scores of item 1,3,7 and 8,which were also validated between patients with normal blood oxygen saturation and different degrees of hypoxemia.The SBQ evaluation showed low consistency with diagnostic gold standard PSG(k=0.3O3,P<0.05).When taking apnea hypopnea index(AHI)≥5/h,≥15/h and≥30/h as cut-offs to evaluate the SBQ predictive value,the areas under ROC curve were 0.77,0.81 and 0.78,the sensitivity was 90.48%,93.57%and 93.33%,and corresponding negative predictive values were 40.74%,66.67%and 85.19%,respectively.It was suggested that the simplified Chinese version of SBQ had good reliability,and could distinguish the severity of OSAHS.Despite its limited diagnostic accuracy,the SBQ can be considered as an ideal tool for screening OSAHS with superior predictive validity.展开更多
In order to have knowledge about the college students'awareness and acceptance of genetically modified foods and their attitudes toward the identification of genetically modified foods and the government's reg...In order to have knowledge about the college students'awareness and acceptance of genetically modified foods and their attitudes toward the identification of genetically modified foods and the government's regulation,we conduct a questionnaire survey of 150 college students'cognition of genetically modified foods in North College Town of Zhengzhou City.The results show that the college students have a certain understanding of genetically modified foods,but the cognition level is low;electronic media has become the main channel for the current college students to know the information about genetically modified foods;for security reasons,the majority of college students are wary of genetically modified foods,and pay more attention to whether there is genetically modified component in the foods labeling;college students generally believe that the government should strengthen the supervision of genetically modified foods,and make the GM labeling system strict,to protect consumers'right to know and choice.展开更多
Background Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） is the most common sleep-disordered breathing and is still underdiagnosed.This study was designed to evaluate the value of the STOP-Bang questionnaire （...Background Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） is the most common sleep-disordered breathing and is still underdiagnosed.This study was designed to evaluate the value of the STOP-Bang questionnaire （SBQ） in screening OSAHS in sleep-disordered breathing clinics in order to extend it into the general Chinese population.Methods Two hundred and twelve patients undergoing overnight polysomnography （PSG） in the sleep-disordered breathing clinic of Pecking Union Medical College Hospital between May 2011 and January 2012 were prospectively included and were asked to fill in the SBQ.A score of 3 or more of the SBQ indicated a high risk of OSAHS.We analyzed the sensitivities and specificities of SBQ in screening OSAHS.Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the probabilities of the severity of OSAHS based upon the apnea hypopnea index （AHI）.Results The patients at high risk of OSAHS had higher AHI,higher oxygen desaturation index （ODI）,lower pulse oxygen saturation （LSpO2） during sleep time and less sleep time in stage N3.SBQ scores were positively correlated with AHI,ODI and the ratio of SpO2 lower than 90％,and negatively correlated with LSpO2 during sleep.The sensitivities of the SBQ with AHI ≥5/h,AHI ≥15/h,AHI ≥30/h as cut-offs were 94.9％,96.5％,and 97.7％,respectively,and the specificities were 50.0％,28.6％,and 17.9％,respectively.The Logistic regression analysis showed the probability of severe OSAHS increased and the probability of normal subjects decreased with increasing SBQ score.Conclusions The STOP-Bang questionnaire has excellent sensitivity in screening OSAHS patients and can predict the severity of OSAHS.More studies will be required to determine the value of SBQ in the general Chinese population.展开更多
Young stroke patients have a strong desire to return to the society, but few studies have been conducted on their rehabilitation training items, intensity, and prognosis. We analyzed clinical data of young and middle-...Young stroke patients have a strong desire to return to the society, but few studies have been conducted on their rehabilitation training items, intensity, and prognosis. We analyzed clinical data of young and middle-aged/older stroke patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Capital Medical University, China from February 2014 to May 2015. Results demonstrated that hemorrhagic stroke （59.6%） was the primary stroke type found in the young group, while ischemic stroke （60.0%） was the main type detected in the middle-aged/older group. Compared with older stroke patients, education level and incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia were higher in younger stroke patients, whereas, incidences of hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease were lower. The average length of hospital stay was longer in the young group than in the middle-aged/older group. The main risk factors observed in the young stroke patients were hypertension, drinking, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, diabetes, previous history of stroke, and heart disease. The most accepted rehabilitation program consisted of physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, acupuncture and moxibustion. Average rehabilitation training time was 2.5 hours/day. Barthel Index and modified Rankin Scale scores were increased at discharge. Six months after discharge, the degree of occupational and economic satisfaction declined, and there were no changes in family life satisfaction. The degrees of other life satisfaction （such as friendship） improved. The degree of disability and functional status improved significantly in young stroke patients after professional rehabilitation, but the number of patients who returned to society within 6 months after stroke was still small.展开更多
Objective： A questionnaire for the compliance with moxibustion was designed based on the 4-item Morisky scale, and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire was investigated. Methods： A modified Morisky scal...Objective： A questionnaire for the compliance with moxibustion was designed based on the 4-item Morisky scale, and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire was investigated. Methods： A modified Morisky scale was designed based on the 4-item Morisky scale for the compliance with moxibustion, and 146 patients having received moxibustion for over 2 weeks were investigated using this scale to evaluate their compliance with moxibustion; the internal equity and the construct validity of the scale were statistically analyzed. Results： The analysis of reliability showed that in item of internal consistency, the Cronbach＇s α was 0.72 and the split-half coefficient was 0.71, the correlation coefficients between the 4 component scores and the total score ranged 0.67-0.80, and the between-component correlation coefficients ranged 0.24-0.56; the exploratory factor analysis（EFA） totally extracted 1 common factor, and the explicable variation was 55.02%, and the loads of the 4 items were respectively 0.82, 0.81, 0.74 and 0.58. Conclusion： The reliability and validity of the modified Morisky scale for the compliance with moxibustion are acceptable, while several items need further modification and improvement in the expression and content.展开更多
文摘The main purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the simplified Chinese STOP-BANG Questionnaire(SBQ)as a diagnosing and screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Two hundred and ten patients with suspected OSAHS were recruited in this study.The simplified Chinese SBQ was completed twice before and after polysomnography(PSG)monitoring.SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the test-retest reliability,discriminant validity,comparative validity and predictive validity of the SBQ.Fourteen patients were excluded on account of fragmentary data,and valid 196 were divided into four groups:non-OSAHS group(n=28,14.29%),mild OSAHS group(n=28,14.29%),moderate OSAHS group(n=31,15.81%)and severe OSAHS group(n=109,55.61%).The test-retest coefficient tor the first four items was 0.810,0.679,0.775,0.963 respectively and the total score of the STOP questionnaire was 0.854.The analysis of discriminant validity revealed that there were significant differences among four groups in the total score of the SBQ and scores of item 1,3,7 and 8,which were also validated between patients with normal blood oxygen saturation and different degrees of hypoxemia.The SBQ evaluation showed low consistency with diagnostic gold standard PSG(k=0.3O3,P<0.05).When taking apnea hypopnea index(AHI)≥5/h,≥15/h and≥30/h as cut-offs to evaluate the SBQ predictive value,the areas under ROC curve were 0.77,0.81 and 0.78,the sensitivity was 90.48%,93.57%and 93.33%,and corresponding negative predictive values were 40.74%,66.67%and 85.19%,respectively.It was suggested that the simplified Chinese version of SBQ had good reliability,and could distinguish the severity of OSAHS.Despite its limited diagnostic accuracy,the SBQ can be considered as an ideal tool for screening OSAHS with superior predictive validity.
基金Supported by Henan Provincial Government's Decision-making Research and Bid Invitation Project(2012B763)
文摘In order to have knowledge about the college students'awareness and acceptance of genetically modified foods and their attitudes toward the identification of genetically modified foods and the government's regulation,we conduct a questionnaire survey of 150 college students'cognition of genetically modified foods in North College Town of Zhengzhou City.The results show that the college students have a certain understanding of genetically modified foods,but the cognition level is low;electronic media has become the main channel for the current college students to know the information about genetically modified foods;for security reasons,the majority of college students are wary of genetically modified foods,and pay more attention to whether there is genetically modified component in the foods labeling;college students generally believe that the government should strengthen the supervision of genetically modified foods,and make the GM labeling system strict,to protect consumers'right to know and choice.
文摘Background Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） is the most common sleep-disordered breathing and is still underdiagnosed.This study was designed to evaluate the value of the STOP-Bang questionnaire （SBQ） in screening OSAHS in sleep-disordered breathing clinics in order to extend it into the general Chinese population.Methods Two hundred and twelve patients undergoing overnight polysomnography （PSG） in the sleep-disordered breathing clinic of Pecking Union Medical College Hospital between May 2011 and January 2012 were prospectively included and were asked to fill in the SBQ.A score of 3 or more of the SBQ indicated a high risk of OSAHS.We analyzed the sensitivities and specificities of SBQ in screening OSAHS.Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the probabilities of the severity of OSAHS based upon the apnea hypopnea index （AHI）.Results The patients at high risk of OSAHS had higher AHI,higher oxygen desaturation index （ODI）,lower pulse oxygen saturation （LSpO2） during sleep time and less sleep time in stage N3.SBQ scores were positively correlated with AHI,ODI and the ratio of SpO2 lower than 90％,and negatively correlated with LSpO2 during sleep.The sensitivities of the SBQ with AHI ≥5/h,AHI ≥15/h,AHI ≥30/h as cut-offs were 94.9％,96.5％,and 97.7％,respectively,and the specificities were 50.0％,28.6％,and 17.9％,respectively.The Logistic regression analysis showed the probability of severe OSAHS increased and the probability of normal subjects decreased with increasing SBQ score.Conclusions The STOP-Bang questionnaire has excellent sensitivity in screening OSAHS patients and can predict the severity of OSAHS.More studies will be required to determine the value of SBQ in the general Chinese population.
基金supported by the Special Fund of Basic Scientific Research Service Fee of Central Public Welfare Scientif ic Research Institute of China,No.2014CZ-13
文摘Young stroke patients have a strong desire to return to the society, but few studies have been conducted on their rehabilitation training items, intensity, and prognosis. We analyzed clinical data of young and middle-aged/older stroke patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Capital Medical University, China from February 2014 to May 2015. Results demonstrated that hemorrhagic stroke （59.6%） was the primary stroke type found in the young group, while ischemic stroke （60.0%） was the main type detected in the middle-aged/older group. Compared with older stroke patients, education level and incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia were higher in younger stroke patients, whereas, incidences of hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease were lower. The average length of hospital stay was longer in the young group than in the middle-aged/older group. The main risk factors observed in the young stroke patients were hypertension, drinking, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, diabetes, previous history of stroke, and heart disease. The most accepted rehabilitation program consisted of physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, acupuncture and moxibustion. Average rehabilitation training time was 2.5 hours/day. Barthel Index and modified Rankin Scale scores were increased at discharge. Six months after discharge, the degree of occupational and economic satisfaction declined, and there were no changes in family life satisfaction. The degrees of other life satisfaction （such as friendship） improved. The degree of disability and functional status improved significantly in young stroke patients after professional rehabilitation, but the number of patients who returned to society within 6 months after stroke was still small.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China,973 Program~~
文摘Objective： A questionnaire for the compliance with moxibustion was designed based on the 4-item Morisky scale, and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire was investigated. Methods： A modified Morisky scale was designed based on the 4-item Morisky scale for the compliance with moxibustion, and 146 patients having received moxibustion for over 2 weeks were investigated using this scale to evaluate their compliance with moxibustion; the internal equity and the construct validity of the scale were statistically analyzed. Results： The analysis of reliability showed that in item of internal consistency, the Cronbach＇s α was 0.72 and the split-half coefficient was 0.71, the correlation coefficients between the 4 component scores and the total score ranged 0.67-0.80, and the between-component correlation coefficients ranged 0.24-0.56; the exploratory factor analysis（EFA） totally extracted 1 common factor, and the explicable variation was 55.02%, and the loads of the 4 items were respectively 0.82, 0.81, 0.74 and 0.58. Conclusion： The reliability and validity of the modified Morisky scale for the compliance with moxibustion are acceptable, while several items need further modification and improvement in the expression and content.
