Helicobacter pylori infection in the pharynx of patients with chronic pharyngitis detected with TDI-FP and modified Giemsa stain

AIM： To detect whether there is Helicobacter pylori （Hpylori） colonization in the pharynx mucous membrane of healthy people and whether chronic pharyngitis is related to Hpylori infection. METHODS： Fifty cases of chronic pharyngitis refractory over three months were prospectively studied from March 2004 to August 2004 in the otolaryngology outpatient department of the Second Hospital of Xi＇an Jiaotong University. Template-directed dye-terminator incorporated with fluorescence polarization detection （TDI-FP） and modified Giemsa stain were used to examine pharynx mucous membrane tissue for H pylori colonization in the patients with chronic pharyngitis and the healthy people as a control group. RESULTS： In the control group, no people were detected to have Hpylori in the pharynx. In contrast, in 50 cases with chronic pharyngitis, 19 （38.0%） cases were H pylori positive with a TDI-FP assay and 4 （8%） cases were TDI-FP positive with Giemsa staining in the pharynx. Sixteen of the 50 pharyngitis cases had stomach ailment history, 11 cases （68.8%） of these 16 patients were determined to be H pylori positive in the pharynx with the TDI-FP assay. 2,2 test showed that this infection rate was remarkably higher （P= 0.0007） than that in the cases without stomach ailment history. Giemsa staining showed that 3 cases （18.8%） of the patients with stomach ailment history were infected with H pylori in the pharynx, which was remarkably higher （P = 0.042） than that in the patients without stomach ailment history （1 case, which was 2.9%）. CONCLUSION： H pylori may not be detected in the pharynx of healthy people. Chronic pharyngitis may be related to H pylori infection. The infection rate with Hpylori in the pharynx is higher in patients with stomach ailment histories than in patients without stomach ailment histories, suggesting that chronic pharyngitis may be related to stomach ailment history.

改良六胺银染色在肾活检病理诊断中的应用

目的探讨改良六胺银染色方法在肾组织活检病理中的应用价值。方法随机选取2020年9月至2022年3月80例确诊的肾活检病理穿刺标本(IgA肾病20例,膜性肾病20例,糖尿病肾病20例,微小病变20例)。采用硫代氨基脲改良六胺银染色法,并与常规六胺银染色法进行比较。结果采用改良六胺银染色法,肾小球基底膜及肾小管基底膜的染色强度均提升;且不同疾病、不同部位染色强度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用改良六胺银染色法,能提升染色的敏感性和特异性,具有方便、快捷、可靠等特点,适合临床应用。

Predictors of cerebrospinal fluid GeneXpert MTB/RIF positivity in patients with tuberculous meningitis:A prospective cohort study

Objective:To identify the clinical,laboratory,and radiological markers that could predict a positive GeneXpert result in patients suspected of tuberculous meningitis.Methods:In this prospective,observational study,patients with tuberculous meningitis were systematically evaluated.Various clinical,laboratory[including cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)microscopy,culture,and GeneXpert],and neuroimaging factors were examined.All participants were administered anti-tuberculous treatment and corticosteroids.A six-month follow-up was done to evaluate the outcome.Results:Of the 116 patients studied,54(46.6%)tested positive for GeneXpert,while 62(53.4%)were negative.Third cranial nerve involvement(OR 3.71,95%CI 1.052-13.09,P=0.04)and the presence of basal exudates on neuroimaging(OR 5.22,95%CI 2.03-13.42,P=0.001)emerged as independent predictive factors for a positive GeneXpert result.A positive CSF GeneXpert result(P=0.002)and drug resistance(P=0.004)were significantly linked to adverse outcomes.Additionally,a high score on the Medical Research Council stageⅢ(OR 5.64,95%CI 1.18-26.87,P=0.03)and elevated CSF cell counts(OR 1.002,95%CI 1.00-1.001,P=0.03)were identified as independent predictors of poor prognosis.Conclusions:Third cranial nerve involvement and the presence of basal exudates were significant indicators of a positive GeneXpert result.MRC stageⅢdisability and elevated CSF cell counts predicted poor outcomes.

病理诊断中改良病理技术HE染色的应用

目的 研究改良病理技术苏木精-伊红染色(HE染色)在病理诊断中的实际应用效果。方法 自我院病理科2023年3月至2023年9月选出2000张石蜡切片(来源于2000例患者),按照随机数字表法分为常规组(1000张,常规病理技术HE染色方法)和改良组(1000张,改良病理技术HE染色方法),对比两组石蜡切片合格率、切片质量优良率、子宫内膜组织、胃镜活检组织、骨组织、脂肪组织、子宫组织及肝胆组织染色后检出率指标。结果 改良组石蜡切片合格率及切片质量优良率均高于常规组(P <0.05)。改良组中子宫内膜组织、胃镜活检组织、骨组织、脂肪组织、子宫组织及肝胆组织样本染色后检出率略高于常规组(P <0.05)。结论 改良病理技术HE染色应用于病理诊断中可获取可靠的诊断结果。

Comparative Study of Z N Staining vs. Flurochrome Staining and Impact of Sample Processing on Diagnosis of Tuberculosis from Various Clinical Samples

Background: Tuberculosis is a highly infectious disease and India has the highest burden with it. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in many countries is still dependent on microscopy. Although its sensitivity is low in comparison to culture and molecular methods, its sensitivity can still be improved by using fluorescence staining method and processing of samples by homogenization and concentration method. Material and methods: Samples were collected from all newly registered suspected cases of tuberculosis in tertiary care hospital from outward and indoor department during a period of one year. Smears were prepared for Ziehl Neelsen stain and fluorescence stain both before and after homogenization and concentration procedure by 4% NAOH-2.9% sodium citrate method and results of them were interpreted according to RNTCP criteria for grading of sputum samples. All the samples were cultured in liquid culture MGIT system (Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube) and results of microscopy were compared with liquid culture taken as gold standard. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software version 16. Result: 350 samples were collected during study period. Out of 350 samples, 48 samples were positive for M. tuberculosis by MGIT system. In comparison with MGIT system, sensitivity of Z N stain for detection of acid fast bacilli was 77% before decontamination procedure, which was increased up to 85.42% after decontamination and concentration process. Sensitivity of fluroscence stain was 85.42% before processing, which was increased up to 91.67% after processing of samples. Conclusion: Sensitivity of smear microscopy can be enhanced by use of fluroscence microscopy and concentration method.

肺泡灌洗液改良抗酸染色和基因芯片法在肺结核中的诊断价值

目的探讨肺泡灌洗液(BALF)改良抗酸染色和基因芯片法诊断肺结核的价值。方法选取2017年1月至2020年12月江西省胸科医院收治的150例疑似肺结核患者作为研究对象,患者均行肺泡灌洗液改良抗酸染色和基因芯片法进行诊断,观察两者对肺结核的诊断价值。结果150例疑似肺结核患者中,最终诊断肺结核105例,非肺结核45例,以临床最终诊断为金标准,肺泡灌洗液改良抗酸染色灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为63.81%、95.56%、73.33%、97.10%、53.09%;肺泡灌洗液基因芯片法灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为80.00%、97.78%、85.33%、98.82%、67.69%;肺泡灌洗液基因芯片法检测结核分枝杆菌的灵敏度和准确度高于改良抗酸染色,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肺泡灌洗液基因芯片和改良抗酸染色法诊断肺结核具有良好价值,相比改良抗酸染色法基因芯片法可以更灵敏、准确地诊断肺结核,值得临床借鉴。

蛋白染色法测定蛋白改性纤维蛋白含量的可行性研究

在分析现有含蛋白改性纤维产品蛋白含量检测方法的基础上,利用蛋白染色方法检测蛋白含量,分析了影响测试结果的各类因素。结果表明,酸、碱、有机溶剂等不适宜作为萃取试剂来进行蛋白提取;低浓度盐适宜用作萃取试剂,萃取条件为:室温、振荡萃取30 min、变色反应时间5 min。使用蛋白染色法测试含蛋白改性纤维产品蛋白含量操作简单,具有可行性。

胸腔镜下复杂肺段切除术吲哚菁绿荧光反染法与改良膨胀萎陷法的对比研究

目的比较吲哚菁绿(indocyanine green,ICG)荧光反染法与改良膨胀萎陷法在胸腔镜复杂肺段切除术中段间平面显露的效果。方法回顾性分析2020年1月~2021年8月我院108例胸腔镜下复杂肺段切除术的临床资料,其中43例采用ICG反向染色法(荧光染色组),65例采用改良膨胀萎陷法(改良膨胀萎陷组),比较2组术中和术后情况。结果与改良膨胀萎陷组相比,ICG荧光染色组段间平面形成时间[(9.1±1.4)s vs.(1724.3±309.1)s,t=44.736,P=0.000]、手术时间[(147.5±32.2)min vs.(174.2±57.7)min,t=3.077,P=0.003]、术后胸管留置时间[2(1,2)d vs.3(2,3)d,Z=-3.829,P=0.000]和术后住院时间[6.0(4.0,7.0)d vs.7.0(5.5,10.0)d,Z=-2.644,P=0.008]明显缩短。2组术中出血量、淋巴结采样数目、并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论对于胸腔镜下复杂肺段切除术的段间平面显露,相比改良膨胀萎陷法,ICG荧光染色法是安全、高效的。

Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Associated Factors among Patients Admitted to the Amissa Bongo University Hospital Center in Franceville, Gabon

Background: In Gabon, the epidemiology of tuberculosis has been considerably reshaped by the AIDS virus. It is in this context that the present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and associated factors among patients at the Amissa Bongo Regional Hospital in Franceville, Gabon. Patients and Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in the biomedical analysis laboratory of the Amissa Bongo Regional University Hospital in Franceville from 19 June 2021 to 22 January 2022. After agreeing to take part in the study, participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire to collect their socio-demographic data and habits. Clinical signs were also observed. Sputum and gastric fluid samples were collected and examined using the Xpert MTB/RIF test and BAAR smear microscopy. Data were analysed using R software version 3.6.1. The results of the univariate and multivariate analyses were considered significant for p ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 309 patients were included in this study, 50.81% (n = 157) men and 49.19% (n = 152) women. Of these, 98 had a positive diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, giving an overall prevalence rate of 31.72%. There were 40 women or 40.82% (95% CI: [0.30 - 0.51]) and 58 men or 59.18% (95% CI: [0.48 - 0.69]). A univariate analysis of the prevalence of tuberculosis according to risk factors and clinical signs indicated a certain association between certain variables. However, an in-depth multivariate logistic regression analysis of this prevalence, according to the risk factors and clinical signs observed in the patients in the study, indicated that the age group 15 and 49 years (Adjusted OR = 47.77;95% CI: [4.4;519.7] p = 0.001*), fever (Adjusted OR = 4.83;95% CI: [1.16, 20.12] p = 0.031*), alcohol consumption (Adjusted OR = 12.2;95% CI: 12.2 [2.5;5.9] p = 0. 002*), smoking (Adjusted OR = 9.83;95% CI: [1.78;54.24] p = 0.037), HIV infection (Adjusted OR = 4.63;95% CI: [1.25;17.1] p = 0.022), cough (Adjusted OR = 4.31;95% CI: [1.21, 15.4] p = 0. 025*), chest pain (Adjusted OR = 103.6;95% CI: [19.4;55.2] p = 0.000), night sweating cough (Adjusted OR = 10.84;95% CI: [3.18;36.98] p = 0.000*) were significant risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis was greatest among males in Franceville and the surrounding area. The 15 - 49 age group, fever, alcohol consumption, smoking, HIV infection, chest pain, night sweats and cough were significant risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. Consequently, screening for tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients, public awareness and community mobilisation should be encouraged.

改良抗酸染色和结核与非结核基因检测在结核病病理诊断中的应用比较

目的比较分析改良抗酸染色和结核与非结核基因检测在结核病病理诊断中的差异。方法收集赣州市第五人民医院2020年1-12月确诊肺结核患者96例,组织经病理常规取材、石蜡包埋、切片、苏木精-伊红(HE)染色,之后进行改良抗酸染色与结核与非结核基因检测。结果96例肺结核患者病理中,抗酸染色阳性例数48例,阳性率50%;结核与非结核基因检测结核阳性例数70例,阳性率73%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两种方法联合检测阳性例数75例,阳性率78%,与基因检测相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与改良抗酸染色相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在结核病病理诊断中,结核与非结核基因检测阳性率显著高于改良抗酸染色法,两种方法联合检测更有利于提高确诊率。

诺卡菌的培养和染色特征研究

目的了解诺卡菌的培养及染色特征。方法采用脑心浸液琼脂培养基、哥伦比亚血琼脂基础培养基和沙保弱琼脂培养基,分别在25℃和37℃条件下培养,观察不同种类诺卡菌的生长时间和菌落生长形态。应用革兰染色、抗酸染色及改良抗酸染色方法进行染色,观察诺卡菌的染色特征和形态特点。结果共对从德国的DSMZ菌种保藏中心购得的7个种23株诺卡菌标准参照菌株进行了培养观察。诺卡菌的菌落形态和颜色多样,菌落形态有针尖状、雪花状、菜花状、不规则状等,菌落颜色有白色、黄色、橙红色、灰色等。诺卡菌为革兰氏阳性菌,弱抗酸性菌,用不同浓度的脱色液进行抗酸染色,所用脱色液浓度越低,抗酸染色阳性率越高,硫酸脱色液浓度为0.125%时,诺卡菌抗酸染色阳性率最高。结论诺卡菌具有独特的培养和染色特征,菌落形态和镜下形态多样。诺卡菌为弱抗酸菌,0.125%硫酸脱色液的改良抗酸染色方法检测阳性率最高。

结核性脑膜炎患者中几种病原诊断检测技术的应用

目的探讨不同病原学检测方法在结核性脑膜炎(结脑)临床诊断中的应用。方法对临床诊断为结脑患者60例(结脑组)和非结脑患者70例(非结脑组)的脑脊液标本,同时进行离心涂片抗酸染色、结核菌BACTEC MGIT 960快速培养、实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)、玻片离心改良抗酸染色检测,并对其结果进行比较分析。结果结脑组标本中,涂片抗酸染色、结核菌快速培养、FQ-PCR检测、玻片离心改良抗酸染色法的检出率分别为11.7%(7/60)、6.7%(4/60)、48.3%(29/60)、61.7%(37/60)。非结脑组中2例玻片离心改良抗酸染色阳性。玻片离心改良抗酸染色法检出率高于其他3种检测方法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且能发现细胞内抗酸杆菌,应用该种方法检测,4例结核菌培养阳性患者的8份脑脊液标本均为阳性。结论玻片离心改良抗酸染色法操作简便、快速,可明显提高脑脊液中抗酸杆菌的检出率,既能检出细胞外抗酸杆菌,也可检出细胞内抗酸杆菌,此方法可能有助于提高病原检测的阳性率,值得进一步探讨其在结脑早期诊断中的临床意义。

血液肿瘤细胞凋亡形态学观察的改良荧光染色法

改良了观察血液肿瘤细胞凋亡形态学的荧光染色法。其程序包括细胞固定、、制片、染色、现察等步骤，简单易行；整个细胞凋亡检测过程在2h内即可完成，且检出率极高，甚至在细胞凋亡发生率仅为1％的情况下，仍可快速检出。因此，该染色法具有方便、快速、实用性强的特点。适用于常规实验室细胞凋亡形态学观察。

改良抗酸染色法在结核性脑膜炎诊断中的应用

目的探讨改良抗酸染色法在结核性脑膜炎诊断中的应用。方法采用改良抗酸染色法对35例结核性脑膜炎患者脑脊液进行涂片、染色及镜检。结果 35例患者中改良抗酸染色法阳性33例(94.29%),其中有53.40%的标本找到胞内抗酸杆菌;非结核性脑膜炎者15例,其中有1例改良抗酸染色结果阳性。结论改良的抗酸染色法显著提高了脑脊液抗酸杆菌的检出率,并能发现细胞内抗酸杆菌。因此,改良抗酸染色法可作为早期诊断结核性脑膜炎的有效检测手段。

脂多糖快速银染检测方法的改良

为了建立一种快速、高效的脂多糖(LPS)银染检测方法,利用大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli 0111:B4)制备的LPS为研究对象,在传统LPS银染检测方法的基础上,通过调整凝胶的固定氧化试剂和银染试剂等措施,对LPS经SDS-PAGE电泳后的结果进行银染检测。结果表明,改良的LPS快速银染检测方法在保持传统方法灵敏度的基础上,操作过程更为简单,安全性、经济性和染色效果等方面也比传统的方法均有明显提高,是一种快速高效的LPS银染检测方法。

转基因植物快速检测方法的研究

本试验对转基因植物检测中的DNA提取和PCR扩增程序作了改进。经试验 ,本研究建立的DNA快速提取法与目前广泛使用的CTAB法相比更为简便、快速和经济 ,提取的DNA质量及扩增效果无明显差异 ,可用于多种转基因植物、多种植物组织的DNA提取。利用复合PCR法可在同一反应管中同步检测 35S、NOS及CP4-EPSPS基因 ,明显提高了检测效率。应用本试验建立的DNA快速提取 -复合PCR扩增 -银染检测技术可在 6小时内得出结果 ,达到了快速、简便、灵敏、可靠的检测目的。

重庆地区1205例男性不育患者精液分析

目的对重庆地区男性不育患者精液参数进行回顾性分析,为评价男性生育力提供依据。方法采用计算机辅助精子分析系统(computer-aided sperm analysis,CASA)对2009年3月至2009年10月到重庆医科大学附属第一医院辅助生殖中心就诊的1205例男性不育患者的精液参照WHO标准进行常规分析,精子形态采用改良巴氏染色法。对所获得的参数,如精液量、pH、密度、存活率、活力、形态等进行分析。结果男性不育患者中精子密度正常者占80.2%,无精症占7.1%,少精症占12.7%。弱精症占男性不育患者的89.1%。畸形精子症占男性不育患者的6.3%。结论采用计算机辅助精子分析系统结合精子形态的改良巴氏染色,对不育患者精液的密度、活力及形态等参数进行分析,可为临床上男性不育症的诊断和治疗提供有力的参考依据。

安徽省隐孢子虫病流行情况的调查

目的 :探讨安徽省隐孢子虫感染情况和流行特征 .方法 :采用金胺 酚染色法、改良抗酸染色法对安徽省 1 1个地市 5 4 2 1份不同人群的新鲜粪膜标本进行镜检 .用ELISA和生物素 链霉亲和素 (BSA)法对卵囊阳性患者分别进行血清特异性IgG ,IgM和T细胞亚群检测 .结果 :安徽省地区隐孢子虫感染率为 1 .33% ,感染率较高的地区为淮北 1 .82 %和阜阳1 .80 % ;幼儿、小学生、中学生、大学生、成人腹泻患者和免疫功能低下者隐孢子虫感染率分别为 3.1 5 % ,0 .82 % ,0 .82 % ,0 .83% ,0 .85 % ,2 .88%和 8.33% ,幼儿、成人腹泻患者、免疫功能低下者隐孢子虫感染率较高 (P <0 .0 1 ) .男、女人群隐孢子虫感染率相近 .城市和乡村人群隐孢子虫感染率分别为 1 .1 3%和 1 .72 % ,差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) .卵囊阳性者隐孢子虫特异性抗体IgG ,IgM ,IgG +IgM阳性率分别为 6 3.4 % ,1 7.1 %和1 9.5 1 % .隐孢子虫感染后的体液免疫以IgG为最多见 .卵囊阳性者CD3+ ,CD4 + ,CD8+ 和CD4 + /CD8+ 阳性百分率分别为(0 .6 6± 0 .0 7) % ,(0 .4 4± 0 .0 6 ) % ,(0 .2 8± 0 .0 4 ) %和 (1 .5 8±0 .32 ) % ,与卵囊阴性者相比 ,CD3+ ,CD4 + ,CD8+ 和CD4 + /CD8+ 差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) .隐孢子虫感染以亚临床感染为主 。

改良抗酸染色法在检测痰结核分枝杆菌中的应用

目的比较痰涂片传统抗酸染色、改良抗酸染色、BACTEC MGIT 960培养和Xpert MTB/RIF技术四种方法检测痰中结核分枝杆菌对于肺结核的诊断价值。方法 207例确诊结核患者和145例其他肺部感染患者的痰液,分别用痰涂片传统抗酸染色法、改良抗酸染色法、BACTEC MGIT 960培养及Xpert MTB/RIF技术检测抗酸杆菌,比较四种方法的灵敏度及特异性。结果痰涂片传统抗酸染色法、改良抗酸染色法、BACTEC MGIT 960培养和Xpert MTB/RIF技术检测痰中结核分枝杆菌的敏感度分别为20.3%、59.9%、55.6%和69.1%;特异性分别为99.3%、99.3%、100%和99.3%。结论与传统抗酸染色法、BACTEC MGIT 960培养和Xpert MTB/RIF技术相比,改良抗酸染色法具有简单、快速、敏感性高、特异性强和成本低廉等优点,是临床肺结核快速诊断的有效检测方法,值得基层实验室推广。

大肠埃希菌生物被膜体外模型的建立及其应用

以ATCC25922为研究对象,采用改良结晶紫染色、快速银染法和扫描电镜技术对其生物被膜进行定量和定性研究,建立大肠埃希菌生物被膜体外模型,利用优化的模型条件对249株临床分离株进行验证。采用琼脂平板计数法绘制大肠埃希菌浮游菌和被膜菌生长曲线,比较其生长特性的异同。对不同成膜能力的大肠埃希菌临床分离株进行色氨酸定量试验,分析不同培养条件对生物被膜菌胞外基质分泌量的影响。快速银染法和扫描电镜定性研究结果表明,大肠埃希菌形成生物被膜后,形成一种浮游细菌和生物被膜细菌共同分布于同一生存空间内的特殊生理结构;不同稀释度的接种量对细菌生物被膜生物量的变化影响不显著(P>0.05)。249株大肠埃希菌分为强成膜能力、中等成膜能力、弱成膜能力和无成膜能力四个表型,分别占3.21%,18.88%,51.81%和26.10%。