Hybrid Modified Rubber Powder and Its Application in Cement Mortar

This research focused on using the waste rubber powder as a kind of regenerate resources to improve the mechanical properties of cement mortar.The two kinds of hybrid modified rubber powder TRP and ATRP were prepared by sol-gel method and then used in cement mortar.The structures and properties of them were studied.It is shown that the nano Si-O-Si network is generated in TRP and ATRP networks and the hydrophilic group is grafted on the surface of ATRP.The mechanical properties of rubber-treated mortar（RTM） were tested and the microstructures of them were also studied.Compared to the mortars with unmodified rubber powders（RP）,NaOH treated rubber powder（SRP） and coupling agent treated rubber powder（CRP）,the RTM with ATRP has the highest compressive strength and flexural strength.The stress-strain curves shown that the peak of stress of RTM with ATRP is increased and indicated the higher compression deformation and toughness.It is found that the interfacial adhesion between the ATRP and cement mortar is increased distinctly by SEM,which results in enhanced ductility and mechanical properties of RTM with ATRP.

Strengthening of HT250 by modified ultra-fine ceramic powders

In this study, three kinds of modified ultra-fine ceramic powders marked A, B and C, which were prepared by each of three different modifiers mixing with a commercial SiC, were added to HT250 cast iron, respectively, and the effects of the modified ultra-fine ceramic powders on microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance were studied. Metallographic examination, tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, and three-dimensional surface topography were applied to analyze and compare the samples containing modified powder with the original samples. The results showed that the most obvious modification effect among the powders was seen in the sample containing powder A, with the graphite and eutectic cells being refined, the tensile strength being increased by 36.9%, and the wear resistance being improved by 45.5% and 47.2% under loads of 150 N and 300 N, respectively. The improvements of mechanical properties and wear resistance in the HT250 cast iron with the modified ultra-fine ceramic powders were attributed to the synergistic effect of the grain refinement with the powder acting as a hard particle phase and the lubrication by the graphite.

Effects of Zhenren Yangzang Decoction Combined with Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder on Immune Function and Intestinal Microecology of Diarrhea Patients with Deficiency and Cold Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Zhenren Yangzang Decoction combined with modified Shenling Baizhu Powder on the immune function and intestinal microecology of diarrhea patients with deficiency and cold syndrome. METHODS: A total of 60 diarrhea patients with deficiency and cold syndrome were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine. The observation group was given the treatment of Zhenren Yangzang Decoction combined with modified Shenling Baizhu Powder on the basis of the same treatment for 4 weeks. The clinical symptoms, fecal flora and immunoglobulin content of the 2 groups were observed and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: After treatment, the symptoms scores of fecal diarrhea, aversion to cold, cold limbs, loss of appetite, cold and painful waist and knee, abdominal fullness, abdominal distension and abdominal pain, and intestinal bacilli contents were significantly decreased(P < 0.05). The contents of lactobacillus, bifidus bacilli, IgG, IgM and IgA were significantly increased(P < 0.05), and the improvement of the above indexes in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group(P < 0.05). The total effective rate after treatment in the observation group was 93.3%, which was significantly higher than 73.3% of the control group(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The treatment of diarrhea patients with deficiency and cold syndrome with Zhenren Yangzang Decoction and modified Shenling Baizhu Powder can effectively improve the intestinal micro-ecological environment, improve the immune function of patients and promote the rapid recovery of patients.

STUDY ON THE FUNCTION OF REINFORCED RUBBER OF MODIFIED POWDERED COAL ASH

The powdered coal ash (PCA) was classified, then the ash particle (- 45μm) was modified by a surface active agent and obtained modified powder coal ash (MPCA). The character of the MPC was investigated, when it was used as a new type reinforced filler of rubber.The results show that MPCA can replace or party replace carbon black or silica as reinforced fillers of rubbers.

Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Effect of Modified Qiwei Baishu Powder in Diabetes

Objective:To study the mechanism of action and therapeutic effect of modified Qiwei Baishu powder in diabetic patients.Methods:From January 2021 to January 2022,80 diabetic patients were recruited in our study and divided into two groups by the random number table method.Group A was treated with modified Qiwei Baishu powder,whereas group B was treated with western medicine.The therapeutic effect,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,blood sugar level,and incidence of adverse reaction were compared between the two groups.Result:The therapeutic effect in group A was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05);the TCM syndrome scores of group A were significantly lower than those of group B(P<0.05);the fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 hour-postprandial blood glucose(PBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels of group A were significantly lower than those of group B(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reaction in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:On the basis of western medicine,the addition of modified Qiwei Baishu powder can maintain stable blood sugar levels in patients and alleviate diabetic symptoms;thus,it is not only effective,but also safe for clinical use in diabetes.

Modification of Powder Compaction Equation of Kawakita

Based on an analysis of the validity of the powder compaction equation of Kawakita,a modified compaction equation is proposed.It is shown by the statistical analysis on the experimental compaction data of various powders that in most cases the proposed equation provides a better description of the compaction data than Kawakita's equation,especially in the cases of the compaction of hard material powders.

Modification of Carbon Nanotube Powder Microelectrode and Nitrite Reduction

The properties of the carbon nanotube powder microelectrodes (denoted CNTPME) are remarkably altered by anodic pretreatment and preadsorption of mediators. It seems that anodic pretreatment leads the long and tangled carbon nanotubes to be partially cut shorter, resulting in more openings as shown by TEM. Besides, the anodic pretreatment may adjust the hydrophobicity of nanotubes to match with that of Os(bpy)32+. As a result, the real surface area and the ability of adsorbing mediator Os(bpy)32+ of the nanotubes are markedly increased so as to effectively catalyze NO2- reduction in acidic solution.

改性竹粉添加对树脂增强竹纤维布复合片材的性能影响研究

树脂与纤维复合可显著增强材料的性能,广泛用于家居建材领域。本研究将竹纤维布与丙烯酸树脂复合,以马来酸酐(MA)改性竹粉和TiO_(2)为填料,改善其界面相容性,制备了树脂增强竹纤维布复合片材,并对其微观结构和性能进行探究。结果表明:MA改性竹粉制备的片材其微观表面更光滑,填料在竹纤维布内部的分布更加均匀致密。MA改性后,竹粉表面的羟基数量减少,有利于充分浸入竹纤维布内部。同时,改性后样品的疏水性能有所提升,其抗拉强度和应变最高可分别提升80.73%和48.36%。研究结果拓展了竹纤维复合材料的应用范围。

加味升降散治疗儿童急性肾损伤和急性肾脏病效果和预后的影响研究

背景急性肾损伤(AKI)至慢性肾脏病(CKD)的过渡阶段称为急性肾脏病(AKD),目前中医药干预儿童AKI进展为AKD的研究相对较少。目的探究加味升降散治疗儿童AKI和AKD的效果及对预后的影响。方法选择2017年6月—2022年6月南京大学医学院附属金陵医院儿科收治的136例AKI患儿,按照随机数字法分为治疗组65例,对照组71例。对照组采用常规西医治疗,治疗组患儿在西医治疗的基础上联合加味升降散汤剂口服治疗。患儿分别在治疗7 d和14 d后,收集实验室检查指标,治疗14 d评价中医证候评分。AKI患儿治疗7 d后,重新评估病情。治疗3~60个月后对患儿门诊随访。采用单因素、多因素Cox回归分析探究AKI患儿进展为AKD的危险因素以及AKD患儿进展为CKD 3期的危险因素。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制患儿累积生存率的生存曲线,生存曲线比较采用Log-rank检验。结果共纳入AKI患儿136例,男81例,女55例,年龄1~17岁,平均年龄(12.6±4.5)岁。治疗7 d后共67例患儿进展为AKD,其中治疗组患儿26例进展为AKD,对照组患儿41例进展为AKD。根据前期AKI分组和治疗结果,将AKD患儿再次分为AKD治疗亚组(26例)和AKD对照亚组(41例)。治疗组治疗后血肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)、尿N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖苷(NAG)酶、尿视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)、尿中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)、中医证候评分、CKD 3期比例低于对照组,估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、AKI完全恢复比例高于对照组(P<0.05)。AKD患儿治疗14 d后,AKD治疗亚组Scr、尿NAG酶、尿NGAL、CKD 3期、终末期肾脏病(ESRD)比例低于AKD对照亚组(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,尿NAG酶≥9.7 U·g^(-1)·Cr^(-1)是AKI患儿进展为AKD的危险因素(HR=2.724,95%CI=1.886~4.519,P=0.007),中药治疗是AKI患儿进展为AKD的保护因素(HR=0.482,95%CI=0.319~0.843,P=0.008);AKD 3期是AKD患儿进展为CKD 3期的危险因素(HR=2.865,95%CI=2.213~3.619,P=0.011),中药治疗是AKD患儿进展为CKD 3期的保护因素(HR=0.665,95%CI=0.422~0.953,P=0.040)。疗程结束后,AKI治疗组进展为AKD的风险低于AKI对照组(χ^(2)=5.343,P=0.021);随访90 d,AKI治疗组进展为CKD 3期的风险低于AKI对照组(χ^(2)=4.623,P=0.032),AKD治疗亚组进展为CKD 3期的风险低于AKD对照亚组(χ^(2)=7.409,P=0.006);随访结束后,AKD治疗亚组肾脏生存率高于AKD对照亚组(χ^(2)=8.133,P=0.004)。结论加味升降散可延缓AKI和AKD的疾病进程,保护肾脏功能,改善短期及远期预后。

单螺杆挤出机连续挤出制备的超活化胶粉及其改性沥青的性能研究

采用单螺杆挤出机对废旧轮胎胶粉进行连续活化挤出以制备超活化胶粉,对超活化胶粉及其硫化胶性能进行研究,探讨超活化胶粉在沥青改性中的应用。结果表明:废旧轮胎胶粉活化时,芳烃油用量为8份制得的超活化胶粉的交联密度最小,其硫化胶的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率最大,活化效果较好;超活化胶粉的傅里叶变换红外光谱的1645 cm^(-1)处的吸收峰较废旧轮胎胶粉增强,超活化胶粉与沥青的相容性好,超活化胶粉掺量(质量分数)为47%的改性沥青未产生离析分层现象。

隧道超挖超耗管控措施研究

隧道的超挖超耗管控是绿色低碳时代背景下工程界最关心的难题,对施工企业的成本控制和效益提升具有重要意义。以武两高速XFS隧道为背景,系统总结了隧道超挖超耗的10类影响因素和常见对策,包括围岩条件、施工参数、测量放样、爆破方案、钻孔质量、喷射混凝土回弹率、预留变形量、物资设备性能、作业人员水平和现场施工管控。分析了XFS隧道超挖超耗的原因,并制定了加强地质预报和超前支护施作,减小开挖进尺;动态调整爆破方案,严格炮孔质量检查;引入超细改性硅微粉优化配合比,提高喷射工艺水平;加强现场施工管控,制定超挖超耗管控办法,落实作业人员的激励奖惩等措施。措施执行后,XFS隧道平均超挖由30.1 cm降低至16.6 cm,综合超耗由173.7%降低至100.7%。

凉膈散加减方治疗脓毒症致急性胃肠损伤的临床观察

目的 观察凉膈散加减方治疗脓毒症致急性胃肠损伤(AGI)患者的临床疗效。方法 将82例患者随机分为治疗组与对照组各41例,两组患者均予指南常规治疗,治疗组加予凉膈散加减方,疗程7 d。治疗后,观察两组主要疗效指标(AGI分级),次要疗效指标[中医临床疗效、急性生理与慢性健康状况Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)评分、序贯器官衰竭量表(SOFA)评分、腹围、腹内压、肠鸣音],以及D-乳酸、二胺氧化酶(DAO)、细菌内毒素、白细胞计数(WBC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平。结果 治疗组AGI分级改善程度显著优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组中医临床显效率为82.93%,显著高于对照组的46.34%(P<0.05);治疗组APACHE Ⅱ评分、SOFA评分、腹围、腹内压均低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后肠鸣音次数显著增加(P<0.05);治疗组血清D-乳酸、DAO及细菌内毒素水平显著降低(P<0.05);治疗组WBC、CRP、PCT、TNF-α、IL-6水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 凉膈散加减方能显著改善脓毒症AGI患者胃肠功能,减轻炎症反应,提高中医临床疗效。

高透明高流平粉末涂料用丙烯酸改性聚酯树脂的合成

聚酯粉末涂料的折光系数高、流动性较差,导致其透明度和流平性不足,因此在聚酯树脂合成时引入自由基溶液聚合制备的丙烯酸预聚体,并采用红外光谱仪和X射线衍射仪表征其化学结构及组成,研究丙烯酸预聚体用量、酸值、黏度和玻璃化转变温度(T_(g))对丙烯酸改性聚酯树脂及其粉末涂料的外观、透明度、力学性能、贮存稳定性等的影响。结果表明:成功制备了丙烯酸改性聚酯树脂;合成中添加10%酸值为30 mgKOH/g、黏度约1720 mPa·s、T_(g)约为45.6℃的丙烯酸预聚体,所得丙烯酸改性聚酯树脂涂层相比于常规的聚酯树脂涂层,具有更高的透明度和倾斜流动性,更佳的耐水性和耐候性,同时兼顾力学性能和贮存稳定性。

硅烷改性钛石膏沥青胶浆性能研究

为降低钛石膏堆积带来的环境问题,同时缓解道路材料短缺现状,采用钛石膏和硅烷偶联剂处理后的钛石膏部分或全部代替石灰岩矿粉,研究钛石膏和改性钛石膏对沥青胶浆常规性能和流变性能的影响。首先通过激光粒度仪和扫描电子显微镜分析钛石膏、改性钛石膏和石灰岩矿粉的粒度分布情况及微观形貌。然后制备不同钛石膏和改性钛石膏掺量的沥青胶浆,采用常规试验方法、温度扫描试验、频率扫描试验、多重应力蠕变恢复(mutiple stress creep recovery,MSCR)试验、线性振幅扫描(linear amplitude sweep,LAS)试验和弯曲梁流变(bending beam rheometer,BBR)试验测试沥青胶浆的三大指标(针入度、延度和软化点)、高温流变性能、抗疲劳性能和低温流变性能。结果表明,钛石膏和改性钛石膏的粒度范围更广,表面更为粗糙;钛石膏和改性钛石膏的加入降低了沥青胶浆的延度、针入度、不可恢复蠕变柔量(Jnr)、疲劳寿命(N_(f))、蠕变速率(m)和相位角(δ),软化点、复数模量(G^(*))、弹性恢复率(R)和蠕变劲度模量(S)有所提高,即高温性能有所提高,低温性能和疲劳性能有所下降。相同温度下,改性钛石膏的高温性能和弹性恢复指标要优于钛石膏,低温性能有所降低。研究证实使用钛石膏进行沥青混合料生产的可行性,为钛石膏的资源化利用开拓方向。

Clinical value of modified Shenling Baizhu powder(加味参苓白术散)in treating targeted therapy-induced diarrhea in non-small cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE:To assess clinical value of modified Shenling Baizhu powder(加味参苓白术散,SBP)in intervening targeted therapy-induced diarrhea.METHODS:This study was a prospective randomized controlled study.Eighty-five non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with diarrhea who took targeted drugs were randomly divided into two groups.The experimental group received modified SBP,while the control group received imodium.During 2 courses of treatment(1 week/course)and 2 weeks of follow-up,we observed remission and recurrence of diarrhea,as well as the improvement of Karnofsky score(KPS)in the two groups and drug safety.RESULTS:Eighty cases were completed,with 40 cases in the experimental group and 40 cases in the control group.The control group's diarrhea remission rate was significantly lower than the experimental group's(P<0.05).After 2 courses of treatment,the symptom scores of both groups were lower than before,with that of the experimental group remarkably lower(P<0.05).Furthermore,the experimental group experienced less abdominal fullness and appetite loss than the control group(P<0.05).There was no prominent difference in overall diarrhea recurrence,time,or KPS after treatment between the two groups(P>0.05).No unique adverse events occurred in experimental group or control group.CONCLUSION:The modified SBP could improve targeted therapy-induced diarrhea in NSCLC,and is superior to imodium in relieving diarrhea,improving related symptom scores and symptoms,with no obvious drug-related adverse events.

再生NR胶粉在湿铺防水卷材中的应用研究

通过试验考察了再生NR胶粉在湿铺防水卷材中的作用和对卷材性能的影响,结果表明,在湿铺防水卷材中,再生NR胶粉可替代或部分替代SBR,制得的H类湿铺防水卷材各项性能指标均满足GB/T 35467—2017标准的要求,且与水泥素浆、水泥砂浆粘结良好。与SBR相比,再生NR胶粉可有效降低湿铺防水卷材的成本,实现固废利用;用再生NR胶粉制得的改性沥青胶料黏度更小,可降低生产工艺温度,提高生产效率,节约能耗。

大柴胡汤加味联合亚硒酸钠VE粉治疗猪黄膘病的效果观察

[目的]验证不同剂量大柴胡汤加味联合亚硒酸钠VE粉对猪黄膘病的治疗效果,为该病的中兽药临床防治提供参考。[方法]试验对象为广西壮族自治区崇左市辖县某生猪养殖场自然感染黄膘病的患猪(110日龄左右,(47.1±1.21) kg)20头,随机分为4个治疗组(试验A组、试验B组、试验C组和试验D组),每组5头患猪,试验A、B、C组分别给予低中高剂量(40、60、80 g/d)大柴胡汤加味散和100 g亚硒酸钠VE粉,试验D组只给患猪喂服100 g亚硒酸钠VE粉,10 d为1个治疗周期,试验期15 d,对猪黄膘病的治疗效果及预后情况进行评价。[结果]给药第5天,4组患猪治愈率相同,均为60%;给药第10天,试验C组患猪治愈率最高,为100%;停药后第5天,4组患猪均治愈率均为100%。与试验D组相比,试验B组和试验C组患猪的平均日增质量分别显著提高13.22%和16.68%,平均日采食量分别显著提高3.43%、4.39%。试验C组患猪的料肉比较试验A组和试验D组显著降低,分别降低了0.31、0.53。[结论]大柴胡汤加味的剂量为80 g/d时联合100 g亚硒酸钠VE粉治疗猪黄膘病效果最佳,且可以改善患猪的预后生产性能。

胶粉纤维改性水泥稳定碎石抗裂性能研究

针对水泥稳定碎石基层易开裂问题,在混合料中掺入适量胶粉及聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维,开展强度、抗压回弹模量、干缩性能和扫描电镜试验(SEM);分别掺入橡胶粉、改性胶粉、PVA纤维、不同水泥剂量的胶粉纤维,对比其对混合料抗裂性能的影响。发现掺入材料对水泥稳定碎石混合料性能具有明显影响。掺入胶粉、改性胶粉后会降低混合料强度和抗压回弹模量,提升抗干缩性能;掺入纤维能增强混合料强度、模量和抗干缩性能;加入不同水泥剂量的胶粉纤维对混合料强度、抗压回弹模量提升效果明显,但降低了抗干缩性能;宏观力学指标试验和SEM试验结果显示出改性胶粉纤维与水泥基具有良好的黏结性,可以提升水泥稳定碎石混合料的抗裂能力。

加味芎蝎散对咳嗽高敏综合征大鼠神经源性炎症的影响

目的探讨加味芎蝎散对咳嗽高敏综合征大鼠咳嗽及神经源性炎症的影响。方法取雄性SD大鼠36只,随机选取6只作为正常组,剩余大鼠采用密室烟熏法建立咳嗽高敏综合征模型。将造模成功大鼠随机分成5组,每组6只。加味芎蝎散高、中、低剂量组分别给予加味芎蝎散12 g/(kg·d)、6 g/(kg·d)、3 g/(kg·d)灌胃,磷酸可待因组给予磷酸可待因10 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,正常组及模型组给予等量蒸馏水灌胃,均连续灌胃3周。分别在灌胃1周、2周、3周末进行咳嗽反应检测,记录3 min内的咳嗽次数;灌胃3周后,HE染色观察肺组织病理形态,尼氏染色观察大脑皮质神经元尼氏体,免疫组化法检测支气管组织中P物质(SP)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、瞬态电压感受器阳离子通道(TRPV1)蛋白和大脑皮质中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)表达情况。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠咳嗽次数明显增多(P<0.05);支气管黏膜上皮变性,平滑肌层排列紊乱、增生,管壁大量炎性细胞浸润;神经元细胞形态不规则,尼氏体减少;支气管组织中SP、CGRP、TRPV1蛋白表达积分光密度值和大脑皮质中IL-6、IL-1β表达积分光密度值均明显升高(P均<0.05)。与模型组比较,加味芎蝎散高、中剂量组大鼠咳嗽次数明显减少(P均<0.05),病理变化均有不同程度的减轻,支气管组织中SP、CGRP、TRPV1蛋白表达积分光密度值和大脑皮质中IL-6、IL-1β表达积分光密度值均明显降低(P均<0.05)。结论加味芎蝎散可以明显减轻咳嗽高敏综合征大鼠气道上皮及大脑皮质神经元病变,抑制咳嗽反射,机制可能与抑制神经源性炎症有关。

改性磷尾矿粉对红壤生境玉米生长及土壤理化性状的影响

通过玉米田间试验,研究改性磷尾矿粉对红壤生境玉米生长及土壤理化性状的影响,为磷尾矿的合理利用以及酸性红壤农田防治施肥技术提供理论依据。供试玉米试验地位于曲靖市马龙县旧县镇,设置如下处理:(1)当地习惯施肥(CK);(2)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉3000 kg/hm^(2)(T_(1));(3)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉6000 kg/hm^(2)(T_(2));(4)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉9000 kg/hm^(2)(T_(3));(5)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉12000 kg/hm^(2)(T_(4));(6)当地习惯施肥+改性磷尾矿粉15000 kg/hm^(2)(T5),每个处理3次重复,测定玉米产量和pH、有机质、交换性钙等土壤理化性质。结果表明:施用改性磷尾矿粉显著提高土壤pH,较CK最高提高了23.20%,显著降低了交换性酸总量、交换性Al^(3+)含量和有效锰含量,最高分别降低了79%、70%和29.18%;施用改性磷尾矿粉提高了土壤交换性钙,较CK,最高显著提升了38.19%;施用改性磷尾矿粉的百粒重最高较CK处理提高了4.03%,对玉米产量无显著影响。施用改性磷尾矿粉可通过降低土壤交换性酸,提高阳离子交换量、土壤交换性钙来消减土壤酸化,不同施用量的改性磷尾矿粉对土壤和玉米的影响有所差异,其中施用6000 kg/hm^(2)的改性磷尾矿粉(T_(3)处理)是最优的施肥方案,它可以在不影响玉米产量的前提下,最大程度地改善土壤理化性质,降低土壤酸化程度,增加土壤团聚体稳定性。