Modularized and Parametric Modeling Technology for Finite Element Simulations of Underground Engineering under Complicated Geological Conditions

The surrounding geological conditions and supporting structures of underground engineering are often updated during construction,and these updates require repeated numerical modeling.To improve the numerical modeling efficiency of underground engineering,a modularized and parametric modeling cloud server is developed by using Python codes.The basic framework of the cloud server is as follows:input the modeling parameters into the web platform,implement Rhino software and FLAC3D software to model and run simulations in the cloud server,and return the simulation results to the web platform.The modeling program can automatically generate instructions that can run the modeling process in Rhino based on the input modeling parameters.The main modules of the modeling program include modeling the 3D geological structures,the underground engineering structures,and the supporting structures as well as meshing the geometric models.In particular,various cross-sections of underground caverns are crafted as parametricmodules in themodeling program.Themodularized and parametric modeling program is used for a finite element simulation of the underground powerhouse of the Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station.This complicatedmodel is rapidly generated for the simulation,and the simulation results are reasonable.Thus,this modularized and parametric modeling program is applicable for three-dimensional finite element simulations and analyses.

Experimental Research on the Fabrication of Modular Devices for Drilling Using PLA for Model Parts

The objective of the work is to determine the influence of the PLA melting temperature during 3D printing on the dimensional accuracy of the model parts. Two modular drilling devices were also made using PLA model parts. The model parts were 3D printed using FDM technology and the ZMorph 2.0 hybrid 3D printer. The accuracy of 3D printing of the model part influences the realization of modular devices. In recent years, technology has evolved a lot, and the need to have the most efficient manufacturing equipment has increased. This is the reason for the development of 3D printers using FDM technology for plastic parts. The software used by these 3D printers used in FDM technology is very sophisticated, as they allow the manufacture of very precise 3D prototypes, identical to the designed 3D model, through modern additive manufacturing techniques. The quality and mechanical strength of the prototypes obtained using 3D printers is very good. The materials used by the 3D printers manufactured by FDM are cheap and accessible. These 3D printers are used to make three-dimensional objects (gears, flanges, bearings, covers, casings, mechanisms, figurines, interior and exterior design elements, architectural models, medical models).

High level architecture evolved modular federation object model

To improve the agility, dynamics, composability, reusability, and development efficiency restricted by monolithic federation object model （FOM）, a modular FOM is proposed by high level architecture （HLA） evolved product development group. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of HLA evolved modular FOM. In particular, related concepts, the overall impact on HLA standards, extension principles, and merging processes are discussed. Also permitted and restricted combinations, and merging rules are provided, and the influence on HLA interface specification is given. The comparison between modular FOM and base object model （BOM） is performed to illustrate the importance of their combination. The applications of modular FOM are summarized. Finally, the significance to facilitate compoable simulation both in academia and practice is presented and future directions are pointed out.

Phase Transitions of Majority-Vote Model on Modular Networks

We investigate the phase transitions behavior of the majority-vote model with noise on a topology that consists of two coupled random networks. A parameter p is used to measure the degree of modularity, defined as the ratio of intermodular to intramodular connectivity. For the networks of strong modularity （small p）, as the level of noise f increases, the system undergoes successively two transitions at two distinct critical noises, fc1 and fc2. The first transition is a discontinuous jump from a coexistence state of parallel and antiparallel order to a state that only parallel order survives, and the second one is continuous that separates the ordered state from a disordered state. As the network modularity worsens, fc1 becomes smaller and fc1 does not change, such that the antiparallel ordered state will vanish if p is larger than a critical value of pc. We propose a mean-field theory to explain the simulation results.

Customer-oriented Configuration Model for Modular MechatronicProducts: Application in Industrial Robot Design

The contradiction between manufacturing costs and customer demand of mechatronic products can be balanced by configuration design. The article proposes a customer-oriented configuration model for modular mechatronic products which makes up the shortfall in meeting customer needs for the traditional configuration de- sign mode. The elements of the modular mechatronic products configuration model including module, module connection and configuration knowledge are analyzed. And a formal representation method for configuration model elements combining with their characteristics is given. Based on the above research, an abstract configuration model of modular mechatronic products is designed. Finally, an industrial robot is used as an application exam- ple to build a customer-oriented industrial robot configuration model.

MODULE DEFINITION MODEL FOR MODULAR DESIGN AND MANUFACTU－RING OF HEAVY DUTY MACHINE TOOLS

The key techniques of modular design of heavy duty NC mathine tools are described. Amodule definition modelfor modular design and manufacturing of heavy duty NC machine tools isbulit and the essential composition of the module definition model (MDM) is discussed in detail. Itis composed of two models: the part definition model (PDM) and the module assembly model(MAM). The PDM and MAM are built and their structures are given. Using object-oriented know-ledge representation and based on these models, an intelligent support system of modular design forheavy duty NC machine tools is developed and implemented This system has been applied to thepractical use of Wuhan Heavy Duty Machine Tool Works

A Building Information Modeling-Life Cycle Cost Analysis Integrated Model to Enhance Decisions Related to the Selection of Construction Methods at the Conceptual Design Stage of Buildings

Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) provides a systematic approach to assess the total cost associated with owning, operating, and maintaining assets throughout their entire life. BIM empowers architects and designers to perform real-time evaluations to explore various design options. However, when integrated with LCCA, BIM provides a comprehensive economic perspective that helps stakeholders understand the long-term financial implications of design decisions. This study presents a methodology for developing a model that seamlessly integrates BIM and LCCA during the conceptual design stage of buildings. This integration allows for a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the design process, ensuring that the development aligns with the principles of low carbon emissions by employing modular construction, 3D concrete printing methods, and different building design alternatives. The model considers the initial construction costs in addition to all the long-term operational, maintenance, and salvage values. It combines various tools and data through different modules, including energy analysis, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to execute a comprehensive assessment of the financial implications of a specific design option throughout the lifecycle of building projects. The development of the said model and its implementation involves the creation of a new plug-in for the BIM tool (i.e., Autodesk Revit) to enhance its functionalities and capabilities in forecasting the life-cycle costs of buildings in addition to generating associated cash flows, creating scenarios, and sensitivity analyses in an automatic manner. This model empowers designers to evaluate and justify their initial investments while designing and selecting potential construction methods for buildings, and enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions by assessing different design alternatives based on long-term financial considerations during the early stages of design.

开关磁阻电机的Modelica模块化建模方法

详述了开关磁阻电机驱动系统(SRD)的Modelica模块化建模方法,建立了SRD的模块化模型库,分析了Modelica建模方法相比于传统商业软件如MATLAB/Simulink建模方法的优点。比较结果显示,SRD的Modelica模型库的可重用性更强,该建模仿真方法能更直观地分析SRD的瞬态特性,尤其更易于组建大系统级模型,实现多领域物理系统的混合仿真。

基于Modelica/Dymola的小型燃气轮机建模与仿真

为了研究小型燃气轮机在不同环境下的动态特性,采用模块化建模方法,并根据质量和能量守恒原理,对小型燃气轮机进行了合理划分,建立了压气机、燃烧室、透平等单元部件的数学模型,并将这些部件划分为容积模块和流动模块。采用面向对象的、多领域的物理系统建模语言Modelica和Dymola编译器编制了各部件的仿真程序,建立了SmallGasTurbine通用模型库,以方便不同结构系统的小型燃气轮机的模型搭建。以川崎M1A-13D、M7A-01小型燃气轮机为例,搭建了它们的系统模型,将厂家给定基本数据与仿真结果进行了对比。研究结果表明,小型燃气轮机模型模拟仿真误差较小,具有很高的精确度。

基于Modular网络和EM-SFM算法的模糊Sugeno模型(英文)

基于Modular网络重新解释了广为使用的模糊Sugeno模型 .随后 ,基于EM算法 ,提出了该模型的新算法EM SFM ,证明了该算法的线性收敛法 ,分析了它的收敛速度 .

The performance of a z-level ocean model in modeling the global tide

The performance of a z-level ocean model, the Modular Ocean Model Version 4（MOM4）, is evaluated in terms of simulating the global tide with different horizontal resolutions commonly used by climate models. The performance using various sets of model topography is evaluated. The results show that the optimum filter radius can improve the simulated co-tidal phase and that better topography quality can lead to smaller rootmean square（RMS） error in simulated tides. Sensitivity experiments are conducted to test the impact of spatial resolutions. It is shown that the model results are sensitive to horizontal resolutions. The calculated absolute mean errors of the co-tidal phase show that simulations with horizontal resolutions of 0.5° and 0.25° have about 35.5% higher performance compared that with 1° model resolution. An internal tide drag parameterization is adopted to reduce large system errors in the tidal amplitude. The RMS error of the best tuned 0.25° model compared with the satellite-altimetry-constrained model TPXO7.2 is 8.5 cm for M_2. The tidal energy fluxes of M_2 and K_1 are calculated and their patterns are in good agreement with those from the TPXO7.2. The correlation coefficients of the tidal energy fluxes can be used as an important index to evaluate a model skill.

Development and Theoretic Validation of Model of Drum Level Sloshing

In order to develop a feasible model of drum level sloshing, the mechanism of drum level sloshing was analyzed, and the model of drum level sloshing was developed on the Easy5 software flat. The thermodynamic property of the model was validated by using the reference model, which was set up by using the method of lump parameter. The results indicate that the model can precisely reflect the phenomena of thermodynamic property inside drum, and the numeric error is within 1%. And the hydraulic property of the model was validated by the analytical theory of liquid sloshing, and the results indicate that the hydraulic property inside drum can also be correctly reflected by the model, and the sloshing period error is within 5%. The important work was done for exploring modeling for drum level sloshing, research of drum level sloshing and precision controlling of drum level.

Land Use Land Cover Change Detection and Deforestation Modeling: In Delomena District of Bale Zone, Ethiopia

Previous studies in Delo-Mena district failed to provide conceptual framework about causes and impacts of deforestation including prediction of spatial location of future deforestation. The study was aimed at investigating spatiotemporal dynamics and prediction of future trends of deforestation in this area. Three periods Landsat images were downloaded and preprocessed using ENVI 4.3. Supervised classification technique was employed for image classification. Land Change Modular used to predict deforestation based on transition between 2000 and 2015 along three driving variables (road distance, settlement and soil). Six land-use land-cover classes were classified for three periods. The result indicated that the forest areas were 91,339, 73,274 and 70,481 hectors in year 2000, 2010 and 2015, respectively. This forest area was reduced by 20% between 2000 and 2010 at annual rate of 2%. Between 2010 and 2015, a forest area was lost by 4% with annual rate of 1%. This deforestation rate was greater than global rates and was lower than rates of south eastern African countries. Farmland expansion was a major cause of deforestation contributed to the annual forest loss by 4.9% and 36% over different periods. In 2030, about 33,243 hectors of a forest area would be expected to disappear that implied emission of about 17 million ton of carbon dioxide. Fuelwoods shortage and loss of biodiversity were perceived as impacts of deforestation. Farm-land and settlement were found increasing at expense of vegetation. Forest plantation, supply of fuel efficient technology and community mobilization were recommended that would be emphasized by the forestry sector based at the district office.

Modeling geologically abrupt climate changes in the Miocene: Potential effects of high-latitudinal salinity changes

The cooling of the Cenozoic, including the Miocene epoch, was punctuated by many geologically abrupt warming and cooling episodes— strong deviations from the cooling trend with time span of ten to hundred thousands of years. Our working hypothesis is that some of those warming episodes at least partially might have been caused by dynamics of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, which, in turn, might have caused strong changes of sea surface salinity in the Miocene Southern Ocean. Feasibility of this hypothesis is explored in a series of offline-coupled ocean-atmosphere computer experiments. The results suggest that relatively small and geologically short-lived changes in freshwater balance in the Southern Ocean could have significantly contributed to at least two prominent warming episodes in the Miocene. Importantly, the scenario-based experiments also suggest that the Southern Ocean was more sensitive to the salinity changes in the Miocene than today, which can attributed to the opening of the Central American Isthmus as a major difference between the Miocene and the present-day ocean-sea geometry.

“以岗定课,课证融通”模块化教学推进路径与策略研究——以“国际市场推广”课程为例

创新团队协作的模块化教学模式是国家级职业教育教师创新团队建设的重要任务之一。在分析模块化教学的内涵和特征的基础上,以“国际市场推广”课程为例,阐述了“以岗定课,课证融通”模块化教学设计理念和推进路径,并提出课程思政协同化、教学资源颗粒化、实训项目拓展化和师资配置团队化等策略与建议。

论人工智能体的模块化治理

人工智能体由控制端、感知端和行动端组成。在控制端,尽管大模型充当了智能体的“智能引擎”,但仍存在“机器幻觉”,其生成的内容面临时效性和可靠性风险。大模型的算法偏见也可能加剧智能体在决策中的偏见。在感知端,智能体的多模态感知能力加大了个人隐私侵权的风险,对个人信息保护制度构成挑战。多智能体系统间的交互可能导致不可预测的、复杂的和动态的系统性安全风险。在行动端,具身智能体的交互式学习模式可能导致全面的、侵入性的隐私风险。智能体的嵌入式和中介化部署方式将深度影响人类的主体性。其高度定制化的部署特性还会面临人工智能对齐的挑战。面向“代理即服务”的产业链特点,应建立从基础模型到基础代理的模块化治理框架。针对具体的高风险场景,应探索精准化治理机制。鉴于人工智能体的生态特性,应着力推进交互式治理。

超导磁储能装置提高柔性直流配电系统稳定性的研究

柔性直流配电系统中定功率控制的换流器具有恒功率负载特性,会降低系统阻尼,对系统的稳定性产生不利影响。针对该问题,在直流配电系统中加入超导磁储能SMES(superconducting magnetic energy storage)装置来提高系统的稳定性。推导了柔性直流配电系统的反馈控制模型,采用频域分析法研究了换流器恒功率负载特性对系统稳定性的影响,并结合数学模型和频域分析,指出SMES装置能够为电网提供正阻尼,增大了系统开环传递函数在剪切频率处的相位裕度,从而改善了系统稳定性。为防止超导磁体两端电压过高,SMES装置与直流配电网连接的DC/DC换流器需具备一定的电压调节性能,因此研究了采用模块化多电平DC/DC换流器DC-MMC(modular multilevel DC/DC converter)的SMES装置,通过调节子模块个数灵活设置换流器电压变比,在实现换流器能量双向流动的同时控制超导磁体两端电压,以保护储能装置。最后通过时域仿真波形验证了采用DC-MMC的SMES装置在提高柔性直流配电系统稳定性方面的可行性和有效性。

基于SWOT和PEST分析的模块化麻醉学技能培训教学模型应用

目的探讨基于SWOT和PEST分析的模块化配置麻醉学临床技能培训教学模型在研究生培训过程中的应用。方法选取2022年12月至2023年8月在郑州大学第一附属医院麻醉临床轮转的80名研究生,随机分为观察组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。对照组采用传统教学方法,观察组采取基于SWOT和PEST分析的模块化配置麻醉学临床技能培训教学模型教学,比较两组研究生的技能考试成绩、案例分析成绩、基础理论成绩,以及对教学满意度评分。结果观察组研究生培训后的技能考试、案例分析、基础理论成绩均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t分别=7.18、8.44、8.69,P均<0.05),观察组带教满意度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=18.91,P<0.05)。结论基于SWOT和PEST分析的模块化配置麻醉学临床技能培训教学模型在研究生技能培训中的应用可有效提高临床技能水平和综合应用能力,有助于实践能力和临床思维的培养。

模块化视角下关键核心技术创新模式研究——基于S企业的案例分析

模块化的核心效能在于降低复杂度,而关键核心技术攻关在本质上也是一种复杂系统。因此,基于模块化视角,根据“动因—过程—结果”的研究框架,以从传统研发模式转变为模块化创新模式的S企业为研究对象,采用探索性单案例研究方法,沿着“产品—组织模块化”的脉络,通过技术、组织、环境层面探究其实施关键核心技术创新的动因、过程及结果。结果发现:模块化赋能S企业关键核心技术创新,成果主要体现在技术创新、产品创新及商业模式创新三方面;技术能力多样化、信息技术发展、合作创新网络、国家发展需要及市场需求推动企业通过模块化实现关键核心技术创新;产品模块化通过联结用户需求和产品特征、灵活组合和集成、独立生产和质量控制、可持续维护和升级赋能企业关键核心技术创新;组织模块化通过整合创新资源,促进企业内、外部组织模块化赋能创新;创新过程中,产品模块化推动组织模块化,模块化组织渗透于模块化产品全生命生产周期。由此建议,企业要敢于将复杂产品进行分解与重新组合,采用独特的技术创新模式推陈出新。

模块化公交系统车辆单元动态编组方案优化

为研究基于模块化公交系统的车辆单元路段运行动态编组方案优化问题,首先,构建车辆单元方向分配与位置调整的两阶段联合优化模型。第1阶段,构建以乘客换乘次数最少为目标的整数线性规划模型,实现车辆单元最佳方向分配与增补车辆单元数计算;第2阶段,构建以位置调整时间最小和车内换乘时间最小的双目标混合整数非线性规划模型,实现车辆单元动态编组方案优化。其次,构建模型的求解算法,利用CPLEX求解器求解第1阶段车辆单元分配模型,设计非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)求解第2阶段车辆编队位置调整模型。最后,算例验证构建模型及求解算法的有效性,并定量探究不同车辆单元容量下的车辆单元动态编组效率与公交载客率变化。算例结果表明:在模块化公交车辆单元容量一定增幅内,模块化公交车辆单元动态编组效率会随着车辆单元容量的增加而提高;而车辆单元容量增幅太大,不仅不会提高动态编组效率,反而会降低车辆编队的载客率,造成模块化公交车辆编队运力过剩。